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满分练(五) 阅读理解+七选五
(限时:40 分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2023 山东聊城三模)
The Most Popular National Parks in the U.S.
Famously called “America’s best idea” by the novelist and historian Wallace Stegner,the
U.S.National Park System offers families a wonderfully affordable way to visit America’s
most popular and beautiful landscapes.
Hot Springs National Park
This national park is unique because it’s more of an urban park than a distant
wilderness.Located right next to the city of Hot Springs,this is also the country’s smallest
national park,covering 5,550 acres.The main attractions here are the historic bathhouses and
hot springs that the park was established to protect.
Acadia National Park
This park on the Maine Coast is home to various plants and animals and the tallest
mountain on the Atlantic Coast.Today visitors come to Acadia to hike rock peaks,bike
historic carriage roads,or relax and enjoy the coastal scenery.
Shenandoah National Park
Occupied by settlers for at least 100 years,it covers 200,000 acres of Virginia
wilderness.The 105-mile Skyline Drive traces the Blue Ridge Mountains and offers many
jumping-off points to see the beauty of this park.Beyond the scenic drive,you can explore the
park’s many offerings through hiking,biking,and horseback riding.
Indiana Dunes National Park
Stretching along 15 miles of Lake Michigan shoreline and covering more than 15,000
acres,this Midwestern park is ideal for relaxing on a beach,hiking the 50 miles of trails,and
exploring the diverse ecosystem.The sands are the main attraction with rare plants,and
various birds.The national park is free to visit.
1.What is typical of Hot Springs National Park?
A.It seems like a city park.
B.It is located in the suburb.
C.It isn’t a faraway wilderness.
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D.It is the city’s largest national park.
2.What can you do in Shenandoah National Park?
A.Talk about its history with settlers.
B.Record the beauty of this park.
C.Ride a horse to explore its beauty.
D.Enjoy the park’s coastal scenery.
3.Which of the following parks can you visit free of charge?
A.Acadia National Park.
B.Hot Springs National Park.
C.Shenandoah National Park.
D.Indiana Dunes National Park.
B
(2023 河北唐山二模)
Like most people,I had a lot of time on my hands these past few years,and I spent most
of it on my phone.This,together with anxiety medication (药物治疗),has made my brain
weak.I’ve never had a very good memory,but by summer of 2021,I saw the little memory that
I did have disappear suddenly while Googling “ben afleCk brther bad 1”.
I grew frustrated.I couldn’t remember the name of Joan Holloway’s military husband
from Mad Men without looking it up,or the name of my college friend,who would come into
my dorm regularly to talk about how much he worked out.None of this was especially useful
or life-changing information,but I wanted to remember it without making a shameful mess of
my search history.
Inspired by a desire to impress myself and others,I decided to stop looking stuff up
online and see what happened.When I couldn’t remember the character from Mad
Men,instead of instantly turning to my phone,I just sat there,thinking,very hard.(Aha!Greg
was his name.) And so my new skill was born:Strong Brain.
For a few months,I didn’t make any progress.Sometimes I would sit without knowing
something for hours,well after whoever I was with had looked it up and had moved on to
knowing the next thing that I couldn’t remember.I was frequently laughed at and made to feel
stupid for sitting with my arms crossed.I was teased for not coming up with answers to things
that no one on earth should know simply because I took an attitude against looking them up.
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But while the sounds of my haters got louder and louder,my brain beefed up in my
defense.As friends tried to remember the name of the actor who played Robin Williams’s
sweetheart in Jumanji,I spoke unthinkingly with “Bonnie Hunt”.
If you’re like me and have always wanted to be the shiny,pretty person at a party that
everyone is listening to and smiling at and wondering where she got her hair cut,I think
Strong Brain is the party trick for you.
4.What do we learn about the author from paragraph 1?
A.She was overusing the phone.
B.She wasted a lot of time on the calls.
C.She was addicted to anxiety medicine.
D.She made many spelling errors while searching.
5.What did the author decide to do after the summer of 2021?
A.Improve her recall.
B.Seek help from medicine.
C.Clear up her search history.
D.Connect with her college friend.
6.What did other people think of the author’s new skill training?
A.Difficult.
B.Important.
C.Ridiculous.
D.Rewarding.
7.What is the best title of the text?
A.My Concern over Anxiety
B.My Way to Be Brain-Strong
C.My Fight with High Technology
D.My Suffering from Poor Memory
C
(2023 湖南怀化二模)
Have you ever lost something in a hard-to-reach space,like behind a couch or a
cupboard?Wouldn’t it be nice to just be able to squeeze in and out?New innovations in the
field of robotics will soon be able to make this nice idea into a reality.
In a study published on Jan.25 in the science journal Matter,engineers from The Chinese
University of Hong Kong and Carnegie Mellon University in the US have developed small
robots that can quickly change back and forth from liquid to solid states.
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According to the website Mashable,the scientists were inspired by sea cucumbers.They
are able to change the stiffness (僵硬度) of their body or reduce the potential for physical
damage.The robots in the study were made from gallium (镓),a soft metal with a low melting
point of 30℃.The scientists then used changes in the magnetic field to control the magnetic
particles inside the gallium material to provide heat.This heat then allowed the robots to
change between solid and liquid states as well as to move around.
As the website Tech Xplore pointed out,other similar materials require external heat
sources such as heat guns and electrical currents to induce a change of states;but now,the
robots can use a heat source inside itself to change states independently.During the robots’
experimental trials,the scientists conducted a number of tests.These tests included having the
robots melt into liquid and re-form to escape a prison-like cage.It can remove a foreign object
from and deliver medicinal drugs to a model stomach.The robot is also able to build and
repair hard-to-reach circuits.The robots’ ability to switch between states of matter allows for
a number of possible uses and advancements in different fields,such as the biomedical and
circuit assembly(组装) industries.
Still,in the words of senior author Carmel Majidi at Carnegie Mellon University,for now
these are all just “proofs of concept” which show the abilities of these new kind of robots.
8.Why can the robots switch between solid and liquid?
A.Because they consist of a unique metal and magnetic particles.
B.Because they can reduce the potential for physical damage.
C.Because they are able to change the stiffness of their body.
D.Because they have external heat sources any time anywhere.
9.What does the underlined word “induce” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.Witness. B.Remove.
C.Cause. D.Accept.
10.What will be the function of the robot?
A.To help scientists inspire sea cucumbers.
B.To put a couch into a hard-to-reach space.
C.To get rid of foreign objects from an organ.
D.To assist people in escaping a prison-like cage.
11.Where is the text probably taken from?
A.A health report.
B.A science fiction.
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C.A chemistry textbook.
D.A scientific magazine.
D
(2023 山东泰安二模)
Have you ever wished you could be better organized or more sociable?Or more
inventive and original?Perhaps you’re a constant worrier,and you’d prefer to be a little more
carefree?If any of these thoughts ring true,you are not alone.Many surveys show that at least
two-thirds of people would like to change their personality.In the past,such desires appeared
to be impossible.Our personalities were thought to be formed in childhood and to remain
fixed throughout lives.Recent research,however,suggests that with the right psychological
strategies and enough effort,people can successfully mould (塑造) their core traits into the
shape they desire.That is what psychology professor Nathan Hudson and his colleagues have
shown with studies.
The research has centered on five traits (特点) that are thought to contain our most
fundamental characteristics.Known as the “big five”,they are:extraversion—how outgoing
and sociable you are;conscientiousness—how organized and disciplined you
are;agreeableness—how concerned you are with social harmony;neuroticism—how nervous
and sensitive you are;and openness to experience—how imaginative and curious you
are.People’s scores for the big five can predict important outcomes.People who score highly
on conscientiousness,for example,get better grades at school and earn more.Those who score
highly on neuroticism,meanwhile,are more sensitive to stress.
In the study,someone who wished to be more conscientious might be asked to carefully
read an email before sending it,or to write a to-do list before going to bed.A neurotic person
might be given exercises to improve emotional regulation,such as writing down feelings
when they are hard to control.The aim is for the thinking patterns and behaviours they make
to become habitual.And the evidence so far suggests it works well.Similar results could be
seen in a later experiment,which used a smartphone app to coach participants in their desired
big five traits.
As Aristotle argued more than 2,300 years ago,we become what we repeatedly do.
12.What can we learn from the text?
A.Personality remains fixed in life.
B.Personality change is possible.
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C.Personality keeps changing with age.
D.Personality varies from person to person.
13.What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A.The aim of the research.
B.The method of the research.
C.The focus of the research.
D.The importance of the research.
14.What’s the author’s attitude towards the research?
A.Favourable.
B.Doubtful.
C.Disapproving.D.Indifferent.
15.Which of the following sayings can we learn from the study?
A.Character determines destiny.
B.Custom makes all things easy.
C.Habit determines character.
D.A fox may grow gray,but never good.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023 山东德州二模)
The Surprising Habits that Are Stopping You from Losing Weight
You’ve cut out snacks and started exercising,but why can’t you shift those stubborn
pounds?Read on to discover the surprising reasons you struggle to stay slim and
simple,science-backed solutions.
You’re eating too late.
Do you regularly eat dinner after 8:00 pm or snack through the evening?A study found
that late-night eating made people hungrier the following day.
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Avoid eating between
8:00 pm and 8:00 am.
You’re not at the gym frequently enough.
Working out actively but not seeing results?Consider how active you are outside the
gym.
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There are 168 hours in a week,so if you do one-hour workouts three times a
week in the gym,you’re only exercising for 2% of the week.Instead,being active throughout
your day has accumulative effect on fat loss.
You’re eating too fast.
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The faster you eat,the more rapidly sugar enters your bloodstream.People who eat faster
tend to have a higher weight and energy intake than slow-eaters.I’m always telling my
children not to wolf food,but listen to their hunger signals.
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You drop off with the TV on.
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Sleeping with the TV on isn’t restful.Stage 1 sleep is very light so it can be easily
disturbed by TV sound.Long-term lack of sleep impacts your appetite,increases food intake
and decreases energy consumption.Therefore,in the hour before bed,avoid screens and all
bright light.
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“Healthy” plant-based food like fake meats and non-dairy desserts may actually ruin
your weight-loss efforts,warn nutrition scientists.Despite their healthful claims,they’re
actually high in energy,sugar and saturated fats.The processing methods for such food often
break down ingredients’ cell structures.More energy can be stored in the body.So,switch to
food like beans,nuts and seeds.
A.You’ve gone plant-based.
B.It’s good advice for everyone.
C.To fix it,cut out evening snacks.
D.Celebrate a special day or event occasionally.
E.Everything feels right,but you know something is wrong.
F.This bedtime habit can make it harder to fall asleep at night.
G.Limited exercise isn’t the best way that you can lose weight.
答案：
满分练(五) 阅读理解+七选五
Ⅰ.
A
[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个在美国最受欢迎且适合家庭出行
的国家公园。
1.A 细节理解题。根据Hot Springs National Park 部分的“This national park is unique
because it’s more of an urban park than a distant wilderness.”可知,Hot Springs National Park
的特别之处在于它看起来更像一个城市公园。
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2.C 细节理解题。根据Shenandoah National Park 部分的“Beyond the scenic drive,you
can explore the park’s many offerings through hiking,biking,and horseback riding.” 可知,在
Shenandoah National Park 可以通过徒步旅行、骑自行车和骑马等方式探索公园。
3.D 细节理解题。根据Indiana Dunes National Park 部分的“The national park is free to
visit.”可知,游览Indiana Dunes National Park 是免费的。
B
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过讲述作者因为长期玩手机导致记忆力下
降,因此就利用最强大脑(Strong Brain)来让自己增强记忆力。
4.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Like most people,I had a lot of time on my hands
these past few years,and I spent most of it on my phone.”可知,作者大部分时间都花在了手
机上,即她过度使用手机。
5.A 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,作者在2021 年夏天开始训练自己,提高记忆力。
6.C 推理判断题。根据第四段“I was frequently laughed at...against looking them up.”可
知,其他人认为作者的行为很荒唐可笑。
7.B 主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲述作者是如何通过最强大脑来提高自己的记忆力的,
B 项“我的最强大脑之路”适合作文章标题。
C
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。来自香港中文大学和美国卡内基梅隆大学的工程师开
发出了能够快速从液态到固态来回切换的小型机器人。
8.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The robots in the study were made from gallium
(镓),a soft metal with a low melting point of 30℃...move around.”可知,这种热量使机器人
能够在固态和液态之间变化是因为它们是由独特的金属和磁性粒子组成的。
9.C 词义猜测题。根据第三段“This heat then allowed the robots to change between solid
and liquid states as well as to move around.”,第四段画线词的上文“heat guns and electrical
currents(热枪和电流)”和下文“change of states(物态变化)”可知,上文“热枪和电流”是
导致下文“物态变化”发生的原因,可推理出画线词应为“引起;导致”之意。
10.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It can remove a foreign object from and deliver
medicinal drugs to a model stomach.”可知,这种机器人在将来可能会具有的功能是清除器
官中的异物。
11.D 推理判断题。这篇文章是一篇讲述最新科技发明的说明文,最有可能出现在科技
杂志中。
D
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[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。最近的研究表明,通过正确的心理策略和足够的努力,人
们可以成功地将他们的核心特征塑造成他们想要的形状,从而达到改变性格的目的。
12.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Recent research,however,suggests that with the
right psychological strategies and enough effort,people can successfully mould (塑造) their
core traits into the shape they desire.”可知,我们可以从文中了解到性格改变是可能的。
13.C 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The research has centered on five traits (特点) that
are thought to contain our most fundamental characteristics.”可知,第二段主要讲述研究的
重点。
14.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“As Aristotle argued more than 2,300 years ago,we
become what we repeatedly do.”可推知,作者对研究的态度是赞成的。
15.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“In the study,someone who wished to be more
conscientious might be asked to carefully read an email before sending it,or to write a to-do
list before going to bed.”和最后一段“As Aristotle argued more than 2,300 years ago,we
become what we repeatedly do.”可知,我们可以从研究中学到习惯决定性格的道理。
Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些影响减肥的不良习惯并提出相应的
建议。
1.C 上文提到“eat dinner after 8:00 pm”和“snack through the evening”两种不良习惯,C
项“To fix it,cut out evening snacks.”和下文“Avoid eating between 8:00 pm and 8:00 am.”
针对上文两种习惯提出建议,上下文语意连贯。
2.G 下文指出在健身房锻炼的时间是有限的,对G 项“Limited exercise isn’t the best
way that you can lose weight.”中“Limited exercise”进行了具体说明,同时回答了段首问
题“Working out actively but not seeing results?”,积极锻炼却不见成效是因为锻炼时间不
足。上下文语意连贯。
3.B 上文指出,吃得越快就越容易长胖,因此,作者给自己的孩子提出建议“not to wolf
food”,B 项“It’s good advice for everyone.”承接上文,说明这一建议适合所有人,上下文语
意连贯。
4.F 标题“You drop off with the TV on.”提出开着电视睡着了这种不良习惯,F 项“This
bedtime habit can make it harder to fall asleep at night.”指出其影响,上下文语意连贯。
5.A 根据下文可知,本段说明所谓“健康”的植物性食物其实会破坏你的减肥努力,所
以本段针对的是“吃所谓‘健康’的植物性食物”的不良习惯,因此“You’ve gone
plant-based.”是本段讨论的问题。
词汇积累:
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1.(A)affordable adj.便宜的,付得起的
2.(A)accuracy n.准确,精确
3.(B)frustrated adj.沮丧的
4.(B)tease vt.取笑
5.(C)innovation n.创新
6.(C)trial n.试验
7.(D)personality n.个性
8.(D)fundamental adj.基本的
9.(D)sensitive adj.敏感的
10.(七选五)cut out 停止
11.(七选五)break down 分解
熟词生义:
(A)cover vt.占(面积)
长难句分析:
(B)I was teased for not coming up with answers to things that no one on earth should know
simply because I took an attitude against looking them up.
分析:本句为主从复合句,that no one on earth should know 为that 引导的定语从句;because
I took an attitude against looking them up 为because 引导的原因状语从句。
句意:人们取笑我,说我对世界上任何人都不应该知道的问题找不到答案,仅仅是因为我
反对去查这些问题。
