高考英语时态 — 过去将来时态（主动+被动）（原卷版）
英语时态高考考情解读
题型考查分布
在新高考与全国卷体系中，时态和语态属于贯穿全题型的基础必考语法点，考查覆
盖面广、出题频率极高。过去将来时态作为“过去视角下的将来动作”，虽单独设题频次
低于一般现在时、一般过去时，但属于时态混搭、语境判断的核心衔接考点，贯穿以下题
型：
语法填空：常结合宾语从句、状语从句考查，多与一般过去时搭配出现，侧重结构
变形与语境呼应。
阅读理解：主要出现在记叙文、故事类文本中，用于描述“过去某个时间点计划/预
测的未来动作”，是理解人物行为、情节发展的关键，常与一般过去时、过去完成时搭配
出现。
书面表达：读后续写中高频使用（描述过去场景中人物的计划、意愿或预测），应
用文（如日记、书信）中用于回顾过去的安排，合理使用可提升文本时态连贯性与语境贴
合度，避免时态混乱。
核心考点与高频易错点
核心考点
1. 过去将来时态（主动/被动）的基本结构与时间标志词；
2. 过去将来时与一般将来时、一般过去时、过去完成时的语境辨析；
3. 过去将来时被动语态的构成、变形及句式转换；
4. 宾语从句、状语从句中过去将来时的时态呼应原则；
5. 过去将来时的特殊表达（would 与was/were going to 的区别）。
高频易错点
1. 混淆过去将来时与一般将来时，忽略“过去视角”的语境前提；
2. 被动语态结构残缺（遗漏was/were，或过去分词变形错误）；
3. would 与was/were going to 用法混淆，不清楚“自然发生”与“计划安排”的
区别；
4. 主从句时态不呼应（主句为一般过去时，宾语从句仍用一般将来时）；
5. 特殊句式（如wish 从句、as if 从句）中过去将来时的误用。
高考命题趋势分析
1. 命题侧重语境化判断，不单独考查机械结构，多依托记叙文、故事类语篇，要求
结合“过去时间背景”判断动作是否为“过去视角下的将来”。
2. 侧重时态混搭考查，常与一般过去时、过去完成时结合，核心考查“时态呼应”
（如宾语从句、时间状语从句中）。
3. 被动语态考查难度适中，多结合简单句、定语从句，侧重“was/were + 过去分
词”的结构应用，偶考特殊被动转换（如短语动词被动）。
4. 书面表达中，侧重考查过去将来时在“回顾过去计划、描述过去意愿”中的应
用，贴合真实写作场景，规避“时态视角混乱”的中式英语错误。
过去将来时态核心精讲
一、基本结构（主动语态）
核心定义：表示“过去某个时间点看来，将要发生的动作或存在的状态”，动作发
生在“过去的将来”，前提是必须有明确的“过去时间背景”（如主句为一般过去时）。
核心结构（3 种，高考高频，按考查频次排序）
1. would + 动词原形（最通用，无人称限制，可表自然发生、意愿或预测）
2. was/were going to + 动词原形（表“过去计划、打算好要做的事”，或“过去
看来即将发生的事”）
3. was/were to + 动词原形（较正式，表“过去安排好的、必然发生的事”，多出
现于书面语、真题阅读中）
否定式：
- would not（wouldn’t） + 动词原形
- was/were not（wasn’t/weren’t） going to + 动词原形
- was/were not（wasn’t/weren’t） to + 动词原形
疑问式：
- Would + 主语 + 动词原形？
- Was/Were + 主语 + going to + 动词原形？
- Was/Were + 主语 + to + 动词原形？
二、时间标志词
过去将来时的标志词需结合“过去时间背景”，核心是“过去的某个时间点，对未
来的判断/计划”，常见标志词及语境：
1. 明确过去时间点 + 将来标志：the next day（第二天，指过去的第二天）、the
following week（接下来的一周，过去视角）、soon（不久，过去语境）、in a few days
（几天之后，过去视角）。
2. 语境暗示（无明显标志，需结合主句时态）：主句为一般过去时，宾语从句、状
语从句中表“将来”，需用过去将来时（核心考点）。
示例：He said he would come to see me the next day.（主句said 为一般过去
时，the next day 为过去视角的“第二天”，用would come 表过去将来。）
三、核心用法（结合高考语境）
1. 宾语从句中，主句为一般过去时，从句表“将来”（高考最高频考点）
当主句的谓语动词（如said, told, thought, hoped, planned 等）为一般过去
时，宾语从句中表示“在主句动作发生时，将要发生的事”，必须用过去将来时。
例句1：She told me she would buy a new book for me.（她告诉我她会给我买
一本新书。）
例句2：The teacher said that we would have a test the next week.（老师说
我们下周会有一场考试。）
2. 表示过去的计划、打算或意图（常用was/were going to，高考易错点）
强调“过去已经计划好、准备要做的事”，常与plan, intend, decide 等词呼应，
或有明确的过去时间背景。
例句1：I was going to visit my grandma yesterday, but I was busy.（我昨
天本来打算去看奶奶，但我很忙。）
例句2：They decided that they were going to start a new project the next
month.（他们决定下个月开始一个新项目。）
3. 表示过去看来即将发生的事（was/were going to 专属用法）
无需明确计划，仅表示“过去某个时刻，从当时的情况来看，即将发生的动作”，
常与look, seem 等词搭配。
例句：It was getting dark, and it seemed that it was going to rain.（天越
来越黑，看起来快要下雨了。）
4. 时间/条件状语从句中，表“过去视角下的将来”（主将从现的过去形式）
当主句为一般过去时，时间状语从句（when, as soon as）、条件状语从句（if,
unless）中表示“将来动作”，需用过去将来时（或一般过去时表将来，二者可互换，高
考常考互换场景）。
例句：He said he would call me as soon as he arrived.（他说他一到就给我打
电话。）（从句arrived 用一般过去时表过去将来，主句would call 为过去将来时）
5. 正式语境中，was/were to + 动词原形（高考阅读高频，写作可提升高级感）
表“过去安排好的、必然发生的事”，多出现于记叙文、新闻类文本，语气比
would 更正式。
例句（高考真题改编）：The meeting was to be held the next morning, so
everyone had to arrive early.（会议定于第二天早上举行，所以每个人都必须早点
到。）
四、特殊考点
1. would 与was/were going to 的核心区别（高考高频辨析）
would + 动词原形，表过去的意愿、预测，或自然发生的将来动作（无计划感）
was/were going to + 动词原形，表过去的计划、打算，或过去看来即将发生的事
（有明确计划/迹象）
高考例句
He said he would help me.（他说他会帮我，表意愿，无明确计划）
He was going to help me, but he forgot.（他本来打算帮我，表计划，未实现）
2. 无过去时间背景，不可用过去将来时（基础丢分重灾区）
过去将来时的前提是“有明确的过去时间视角”（主句为一般过去时，或有过去的
时间标志），若描述“现在视角的将来”，需用一般将来时，不可混淆。
错：I think I would go to college next year.（无过去时间背景，用would 错
误）
对：I think I will go to college next year.（现在视角，用一般将来时）
对：I thought I would go to college next year.（主句thought 为一般过去
时，用过去将来时）
3. 特殊句式中的过去将来时（高考冷门但易错）
- wish 从句中，表“与过去事实相反的将来愿望”，用would have done（易错
点：混淆would do 与would have done）
- 例：I wished I would have passed the exam.（我真希望我当时能通过考试
——过去的愿望，未实现）
- as if/though 从句中，表“与过去事实相反的假设”，用would do
- 例：He talked as if he would go abroad.（他说得好像他要出国一样——过去
的假设，未发生）
五、必考易错点 + 高频丢分点总结
1. 核心概念易错（基础丢分重灾区）
混淆“现在视角的将来”与“过去视角的将来”
错：She said she will come.（主句said 为过去时，从句用will 错误）
对：She said she would come.（从句用过去将来时，呼应主句时态）
规避：只要主句为一般过去时，宾语从句、状语从句中表“将来”，必用过去将来
时（would/was/were going to）。
2. was/were going to 单复数易错（最高频丢分点）
- 主语为单数（he/she/it/单个人名/单数名词）→ 用was going to
- 错：He were going to play football.（were 错误，主语he 为单数）
- 对：He was going to play football.
- 主语为复数（we/you/they/复数名词）→ 用were going to
- 错：They was going to have a party.（was 错误，主语they 为复数）
- 对：They were going to have a party.
3. 否定/疑问句结构易错（考试高频挖坑）
- would 的否定/疑问：直接在would 后加not，或把would 提前，动词用原形（无
变形）
-
✅He wouldn’t go to school.（否定：wouldn’t + 动原）
-
✅Would you go with him?（疑问：Would 提前，动原go 不变）
- was/were going to 的否定/疑问：否定加not，疑问把was/were 提前，to 后动词
用原形
-
✅She wasn’t going to watch TV.（否定：wasn’t + going to + 动原）
-
✅Were they going to the park?（疑问：Were 提前，going to + 动原）
- 易错坑：疑问/否定句中，to 后动词变三单（错误）
- 错：Was he going to goes to school?（goes 错误，to 后用动原go）
4. 特殊场景易错（高考语境挖坑）
- ① 时间/条件状语从句中，用一般过去时表过去将来（与过去将来时互换）
-
✅He said he would leave when he finished his work.（finished 用一般
过去时表过去将来，等同于would finish）
- ② 计划未实现的场景，只能用was/were going to（不能用would）
-
✅I was going to visit him, but I was ill.（计划未实现，用was going
to）
-
❌I would visit him, but I was ill.（错误，would 不表“未实现的计
划”）
- ③ 客观预测用would，有迹象的预测用was/were going to
-
✅He thought it would rain.（客观预测，无明显迹象）
-
✅The clouds were dark; it was going to rain.（有迹象，乌云密布）
六、过去将来时万能做题步骤
1. 判时态：先找“过去时间背景”（主句为一般过去时，或有the next day,
soon 等过去视角标志）→ 确定动作是“过去看来的将来”→ 锁定过去将来时。
2. 定结构：根据语境选结构——表计划/迹象用was/were going to；表意愿/客观
预测用would；正式语境用was/were to。
3. 看人称：若用was/were going to/was/were to，根据主语单复数确定was/were
（单数was，复数were）。
4. 查句式：否定句加not （wouldn’ t/wasn’ t/weren’ t ）；疑问句
把would/was/were 提前，动词用原形。
七、四大高频考点答题模板
模板1：宾语从句（高考最高频）
结构：主句（一般过去时，如said/told/thought ）+ that + 从句
（would/was/were going to + 动词原形）
例：She told me that she would finish her homework before 9 o’clock.（她
告诉我她会在9 点前完成作业。）
模板2：过去的计划/打算（易错点）
结构：主语 + was/were going to + 动词原形 + （but + 计划未实现的原因）
例：We were going to have a picnic, but it rained.（我们本来打算去野餐，
但下雨了。）
模板3：时间/条件状语从句（主将从现的过去形式）
结构：主句（would + 动词原形）+ 从句（when/if/as soon as + 一般过去时）
例：He said he would call me if he got there on time.（他说如果他准时到，
就给我打电话。）
模板4：否定 & 疑问万能公式
- ① would 句式：
- 否定：主语 + wouldn’t + 动词原形
- 疑问：Would + 主语 + 动词原形？
- ② was/were going to 句式：
- 否定：主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + going to + 动词原形
- 疑问：Was/Were + 主语 + going to + 动词原形？
八、核心避坑复盘
1. 无过去时间背景（主句不是一般过去时），绝对不能用过去将来时，用一般将来
时。
2. was/were going to 看主语单复数：单数was，复数were，不可混用。
3. 计划未实现，必用was/were going to，不用would。
4. 宾语从句中，主句为一般过去时，从句表将来，必用过去将来时（时态呼应）。
5. would 无人称变化，所有人称都用would + 动原。
6. 否定/疑问句中，to 后动词、would 后动词均用原形，不变形。
7. 时间/条件状语从句中，可用一般过去时表过去将来（与would 互换）。
8. 正式语境（阅读/书面表达）可用was/were to + 动原，提升高级感。
九、过去将来时态的被动语态
核心构成
结构：would be + 过去分词（done） / was/were going to be + 过去分词
（done）（高考高频前两种，was/were to be done 较少考）
人称搭配（仅was/were going to be done 需区分人称）：
- I / he / she / it / 单数名词 / 不可数名词 → was going to be + done
- We / you / they / 复数名词 → were going to be + done
- would be + done 无人称限制，所有人称通用
基本句式
肯定句
结构1：主语 + would be + 过去分词
例：The work would be finished the next day.（这项工作第二天会被完成。）
结构2：主语 + was/were going to be + 过去分词
例：The meeting was going to be held in the hall.（会议打算在大厅举
行。）
2. 否定句
结构1：主语 + would not（wouldn’t） be + 过去分词
例：The letter wouldn’t be sent until tomorrow.（这封信要到明天才会被寄
出。）
结构2：主语 + was/were not + going to be + 过去分词
例：The project wasn’t going to be completed on time.（这个项目不会按时完
成。）
3. 一般疑问句
结构1：Would + 主语 + be + 过去分词？
回答：Yes, 主语 + would. / No, 主语 + wouldn’t.
例：Would the book be translated into Chinese? — Yes, it would.
结构2：Was/Were + 主语 + going to be + 过去分词？
回答：Yes, 主语 + was/were. / No, 主语 + wasn’t/weren’t.
例：Was the bridge going to be built next year? — No, it wasn’t.
4. 特殊疑问句
结构1：特殊疑问词 + would + 主语 + be + 过去分词？
例：When would the report be submitted?（这份报告什么时候会被提交？）
结构2：特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + going to be + 过去分词？
例：Where were the books going to be put?（这些书打算放在哪里？）
核心用法
- 表示过去计划、安排中“将要被做的动作”，常与过去时间标志（the next day,
soon 等）搭配，多出现于宾语从句、定语从句中。
- 例：He told me that the task would be finished by his team.（他告诉我这
项任务会被他的团队完成。）
- 表示过去看来“即将被发生的动作”，侧重被动关系，结合语境判断。
- 例：The house was going to be pulled down, so people moved out.（这栋房
子即将被拆除，所以人们搬走了。）
- 强调过去视角下“动作的承受者”，不知道动作执行者或无需说出执行者。
- 例：A new school would be built in our town, according to the news.（据
新闻报道，我们镇上将要建一所新学校。）
主动变被动 转换规则
- 主动句（过去将来时）：主语 + would/was/were going to + 动词原形 + 宾语
- 被动句（过去将来时）：主动宾语 → 被动主语；主动谓语 → would
be/was/were going to be + 过去分词；主动主语 → 置于by 后（可省略）
- 示例1（主动）：They would hold a party the next day.（他们第二天会举办
一场派对。）
- （被动）：A party would be held (by them) the next day.
- 示例2（主动）：She was going to buy a gift for me.（她打算给我买一份礼
物。）
- （被动）：A gift was going to be bought (by her) for me.
重点补充
1. by 短语引出动作执行者，过去将来时被动中可省略，若强调执行者则保留（高
考语法填空偶考by 后的人称代词宾格）。
2. 例：The letter would be sent by her.（强调动作执行者her，不可省略）
3. 2. 短语动词的被动转换（高考易错点）：短语动词整体变被动，不可遗漏介
词/副词。
4. 主动：They would look after the children.（他们会照顾孩子们。）
5. 被动：The children would be looked after (by them).（look after 为短语
动词，整体变被动）
高频易错
① 遗漏be 动词：错：The work would finished.（缺be）；对：The work would
be finished.
② 过去分词变形错误：错：The book would be write.（write 用原形，错误）；
对：The book would be written.
③ was/were going to be done 单复数混淆：错：They was going to be
invited.（was 错误）；对：They were going to be invited.
单句语法填空
1. He said that the problem ________ (solve) the next week.
2. The meeting ________ (hold) the following day, so we prepared well.
3. She told me that a new park ________ (build) in our neighborhood.
4. ________ the letter ________ (send) by him the next morning?
5. The tasks ________ (not, finish) on time, according to the plan.
6. They said that the old building ________ (pull) down soon.
7. The gifts ________ (not, give) to the children until Christmas.
过去将来时态核心精练
基础版
用所给动词的正确形式填空，直击：过去将来时结构、单复数、被动语态、时态呼
应高频考点。
1. He said he ________ (go) to Beijing the next day.
2. She told me she ________ (not, watch) TV that evening.
3. They ________ (be) going to have a party, but it rained.
4. The teacher said we ________ (have) a test the following week.
5. If he ________ (come) back, I ________ (tell) him the news.
6. She thought the work ________ (finish) soon.
7. ________ you ________ (go) with him the next morning?
8. He said the book ________ (sell) well and would be reprinted.
9. They were going to ________ (visit) their grandparents, but they were
busy.
10. The letter ________ (not, send) until the next day, according to him.
进阶版
一、单句语法填空
1. She said she ________ (buy) a new dress for her daughter the next
week.
2. He ________ (be) going to start a new job, but he changed his mind.
3. If you ________ (call) me, I ________ (pick) you up at the station.
4. The teacher told us that the exam ________ (not, be) too difficult.
5. They thought the old bridge ________ (pull) down soon.
6. When he ________ (arrive), we ________ (have) dinner together.
7. ________ the meeting ________ (hold) the next day?
8. She said the flowers ________ (water) by her mother every day and
would grow well.
9. He was going to ________ (learn) English, but he was too busy.
10. We thought the problem ________ (solve) by the experts soon.
二、语法填空
阅读短文，用括号内动词的适当形式填空
Last week, my friend Tom told me that he 1________ (go) to his hometown
the next month. He said his grandparents 2________ (wait) for him and he
3________ (spend) a week with them. He 4________ (be) going to take some gifts
for them, including a pair of shoes for his grandma and a book for his grandpa.
Tom also said that his hometown 5________ (change) a lot in recent years
and a new park 6________ (build) there soon. He told me that he 7________
(show) me photos of the park when he came back. I asked him if he 8________
(visit) his old school, and he said he would.
He said the school 9________ (be) very different now and a new teaching
building 10________ (build) the next year. I hoped he would have a good time
there.
过去将来时态过关达标练习
一、 单句语法填空 用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. He said he ________ (not, come) to the party that evening.
2. She ________ (be) going to see a movie, but she had to study for the
exam.
3. If it ________ (rain) tomorrow, we ________ (cancel) the picnic.
4. The teacher told us that we ________ (have) a holiday the next week.
5. The work ________ (finish) the next day, so we worked hard.
6. They said that a new hospital ________ (build) in their city soon.
7. ________ you ________ (help) me with my homework the next afternoon?
8. She thought the song ________ (sound) beautiful and would listen to it
again.
9. He was going to ________ (play) basketball, but he got hurt.
10. The books ________ (not, send) to the school until the next month.
二、语法填空
阅读短文，用所给动词的适当形式填空。
Yesterday, my mom told me that she 1________ (go) to the supermarket the
next morning. She said she 2________ (buy) some vegetables and fruit for our
family. She 3________ (be) going to buy my favorite apples and oranges.
My mom also said that the supermarket 4________ (have) a big sale the
next day and many things 5________ (sell) at a low price. She told me that she
6________ (save) some money by buying things on sale. I asked her if she
7________ (take) me with her, and she said she would.
I was very happy because I 8________ (want) to buy a new toy. My mom said
that if I behaved well, she 9________ (buy) the toy for me. I told her I
10________ (be) a good boy and would not make trouble.
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