清单 01 语法填空之提示词为动词
(动词时态语态与主谓一致)
目 录 导 航
01
知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系
02
考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点
考点一 动词时态
知识点1 一般时态(一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时)
知识点2 进行时态 (现在进行时, 过去进行时,将来进行时)
知识点3 完成时态 (现在完成时, 过去完成时)
知识点4 其他时态 (过去将来时, 现在完成进行时)
考点二 动词语态
知识点1 用法
知识点2 主动形式表示被动意义的结构
考点三 主谓一致
知识点1 语法一致
知识点2 意义一致
知识点3 就近一致
03
优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用知识脑图·核心脉络搭建
考点深研●知能分层突破
考点1 动词时态
知识点1 一般时态(一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时)
时态 用法 句型结构
表示现在经常性的、习惯性的、反复的动作或状
在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中常
一般现在时 态。常用的时间状语有always，usually，often，
用一般现在时代替一般将来时
sometimes，every day等。
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常 时间、条件、让步状语从句中，若主
一般过去时 与yesterday，last year，three years ago，the other 句用了过去将来时，从句常用一般过
day等时间状语连用。 去时。
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。还可以表示 ①shall/will＋动词原形
一般将来时 说话时临时作出的决定。表示按计划、打算要做 ②be going to＋动词原形
某事或某种迹象预示着要发生某事。 ③be to＋动词原形④be about to＋动词原形
1. 表示科学事实、客观真理或自然现象(在过去的语境中用一般现在时)。
2. 表示按时间表、时刻表、日程表等将要发生的动作，只限于 go，arrive，leave，start，return，begin，
come，take off 等动词(短语) ,用一般现在时。
3.用于图片说明、电影说明、戏剧内容及场景解说等，用一般现在时。
4. used to do表示“过去常常做……”
5.“be to＋动词原形”表示按计划、约定或按职责、义务必须做的事或即将发生的动作。“be about to＋动词原
形”表示正要或即将做某事，不与具体的时间状语连用。
知识点2 进行时态(现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时)
时态 用法 句型结构
某些表示位置移动的动词，如 go，
表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示现 come，leave，arrive，start，move等可
现在进行时
阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 用现在进行时表示即将发生或计划要
做的动作
be doing...when...，when前面的句子常用
过去进行时，when后面的句子常用一般
表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作或过去某一个阶
过去时。
段内一直在进行的动作。
过去进行时 一些非延续性动词可用过去进行时表
表示动作在另一个过去的动作发生时正在进行，
示过去按计划或安排将要发生的动
常与when，while引导的时间状语从句连用。
作，常见动词有 go，come，leave，
start，arrive。
表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行的动
将来进行时 will be doing sth.
作，常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。
现在进行时中，与always，often，constantly等频度副词连用，表示经常反复的行为或某种感情色彩。感情色
彩可褒可贬。
知识点3 完成时态(现在完成时,过去完成时, have/ has/ had done)
时态 用法 句型结构
表示过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响或结 ① This/That/It is the first/second/...time
现在完成时 果。常用的状语有 already，ever，just(刚刚)， that＋现在完成时
yet等。或者表示一个动作开始于过去，一直持 ② This/That/It is the best/finest/mostinteresting/...＋名词＋that＋现在完成时
续到现在。常与之连用的时间状语有 lately，
③It is/has been＋时间段＋since...，主
recently，until now，ever since，in the last(past)
句用现在完成时或一般现在时，从句
few days/years，up to now，so far等。
用一般过去时。
①By/ by the end of＋过去时间点,主句
用过去完成时。
②by the time＋从句 主句用过去完成
时。
③until/before/since＋过去时间点或从
句，主句用过去完成时。
过去完成时 表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。 ④ hardly/scarcely...when... ， no
sooner...than...句式中，主句常用过去完
成时。
⑤ This/That/It was the
first/second/...time that＋过去完成时
⑥ This/That/It was the best/finest/most
interesting/...＋名词＋that＋过去完成时
动词hope，expect，mean，intend，want，suppose的过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。
I had hoped to go home from work ahead of time.我本希望提前下班回家。(但未能如愿)
知识点4 其他时态(过去将来时，现在完成进行时)
时态 用法 句型结构
表示从过去的某一时间来看将要发生的动作 was/were going to＋动词原形 was/were
过去将来时 或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句 to＋动词原形
和间接引语中。 was/were about to＋动词原形
常用来表示开始于过去某个时间，一直延续
到现在并且会继续进行下去的动作。或者表
现在完成进行时 have/ has been doing sth.
示表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复
进行的动作。
除“should/would+动词原形”外(第一人称通常用should,其他人称通常用would),过去将来时还有以下常见
表达方式: was/were going to do, was/were about to do, was/were to do,但是表示过去的某种习惯性动作时,常
用would do/used to do。考点2 动词语态
知识点1 被动语态构成
被动语态的构成为“be+过去分词”,只要变换be的形式就可以得到不同时态的被动语态。除be外,被动
语态的构成形式还有“get/become+过去分词”。下面以do为例
1.某些及物动词和动词短语无被动语态： have有；cost花费；lack 缺少；suit 适合；belong to 属于；suffer from 遭
受；date from/back to 追溯到；consist of 由……组成；take part in参加。
2.不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：happen/take place/occur发生；remain剩下；break out爆发；last
持续；come out出版；come up被提出；lose heart失去信心；run out用完。
知识点2 主动形式表示被动意义的结构
结构 例句
表示主语的某种属性特征或功能的动词，如 read， The sign reads as follows.告示如下。
write，sell，wash，clean，cook，draw 等，常与 Her new book is very interesting and sells well.
well，easily，smoothly等副词连用，主语通常是物。 她的新书很有趣并且卖得很好。
Junk food tastes delicious but it doesn’t contain
系动词如smell，taste，feel，look，sound，prove等
enough nutrition. 垃圾食品吃起来美味但营养不
后接形容词作表语。
足
open，close，lock，move，keep等动词常与won’t， No matter what he did to the door，it wouldn’topen.
can’t，wouldn’t 连用。
不论他怎么对付这个门，它就是打不开。
The house needs repairing/to be repaired.
在 need，want，require，deserve，bear 等动词或
这所房子需要修理。
worth等形容词的后面，用动名词，其含义相当于动
The film is really worth seeing.
词不定式的被动形式。
这部电影的确值得一看。
The problem is difficult to work out.
在某些“主语(人/物)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构中
(可看作to work out前省略了for me)这道题很难
用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。常见的形容词有
计算。
nice ， easy ， fit ， hard ， difficult ， important ，
Do you think the water is safe to drink?
impossible，pleasant，interesting等。
你认为这水喝着安全吗？
Who is to blame for the mistake?
be to blame也属于主动形式表被动意义。
这个错误应该归咎于谁？
考点3 主谓一致
知识点1 语法一致原则(主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数)
用法 例句
动名词、动词不定式、从句、不定代词作主语时,谓 Serving the people is my great happiness.
语动词常用单数。 Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.
主 语 后 有 with, together with, along with, except,
Amy, as well as her brothers, was given a warm
besides, as well as等加名词或代词构成短语时,谓语动
welcome when returning to the village last week.
词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。
and, both...and...连接两个不同的主语时,谓语动词用复 Both you and I are students.
数形式;但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个 The singer and dancer is said to perform in our
人或物,谓语动词用单数形式。 school on May Day.定语从句中关系代词作主语时,从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。He is one of the men who were chosen to
represent the group. 和He is the only one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment.
what引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式,但如果从句表示复数意义,则谓语动词用复数形式。如：
What lies at the root of his troubles is a sense of insecurity. What the school needs are qualified teachers.
知识点2 意义一致原则(意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数，主语的意义决定
了谓语动词的单复数)
用法 例句
集体名词作主语时,若被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单
数形式;若被看作构成集体的一个个成员,谓语动词用 His audience consists mainly of young people.
复数形式。常见的集体名词有 family, class, team, The audience were clapping for over ten minutes.
group, public, committee, government, audience等。
“分数/百分数/the majority+of+名词”作主语时,谓语
Two-thirds of the people present are against the
动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意
plan.
义;all, some, half, most, the rest等作主语时,谓语动词
The majority of the damage is easy to repair.
的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。
“the+形容词”表示一类人,在句中作主语时,谓语动词 The old are more likely to catch a cold than the
用复数形式。 young.
表示时间、距离、重量、金额等的复数名词作主语 Four thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a
时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。 boy.
知识点3 就近一致原则 (就近一致原则指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语的单
复数)
用法 例句
由 or, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only... but
Either you or Paul is responsible for this thing.
also...,not... but...等连接的词语作主语,谓语动词的数
Not only you but also your sister is lovely.
常与最近的主语保持一致。
There are twenty boy students and twenty-three girl
由there, here引起的主语不止一个时,谓语动词的数通 students in the class.
常和最邻近的主语保持一致。 ※Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper
for you.
优题精练●专题实战通关
一．单句语法填空1.(2025年1月·浙江高考)The concept _______(be) certainly not new — men have been renting good suits for
decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal
movement towards shared economies.
2.(2025新高考I 卷)The players’ personalities ________(reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are
exposed to the opponent,
3.(2025新高考II 卷)The “sunshine scent(香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ________(be) one of them.
4.(2025 浙江高考 1 月)The concept ________(be) certainly not new--men have been renting good suits for
decades--but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal
movement towards shared economies.
5.(2025天津高考第二次)The Song Dynasty _______(see) the introduction of jiaozi, which is supposedly the
world’s first paper money.
6.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)As a little girl, I _______(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.Now, I’m living out that
dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
7.(2025天津高考第一次)Although it has been proved that Benjamin Franklin’s experiment took place, more than
one scientist _______(question) what really happened.
A. has questioned B. have questioned C. was questioning D. were questioning
8. (2025天津高考第一次)The reading materials _______(print) before the training began, so that everyone had a
copy.
9.(2026届河北省文安县第一中学高三下学期一模)In Sept., the 2025 China International Online Literature Week
opened in Hangzhou, …
Charles-Emmanuel Dewees,co-founder and editor-in-chief of Chireads, a French platform for translating and
promoting Chinese online literature, _______(compare) cross-border literature spreading to a“multiplayer
instance” in online games.
10.(2026届河北省文安县第一中学高三下学期一模)While AI can boost translation efficiency, “elegance” — the
“ya” in the classic Chinese standard of faithfulness, expressiveness, and elegance — still _______(require) a
human touch.
11.(2026届湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学高三英语周考)On the shores of the Bohai Sea where the
winding Yellow River _______(empty) into the ocean, Dongying’s landscape has been shaped by an unusual
geographical legacy.
12.(2026届南京市、盐城市高三年级第一次模拟考试)Azheke _______(ride) the 21st-century wave of eco-
tourism and become a popular destination.
13.(2026届山东济南市高三4月阶段性检测)With the approach of Qingming, one of 24 solar terms, which
_______(mean) “clear and bright”, the icy grip of winter has loosened.
14.(2026届安徽定远育才学校高三第二次模拟检测)What must remain unchanged _______(be) our traditional
dyeing(染色) technique.
15.(2026 届安徽芜湖市无为中学等校下学期高三 3 月考试)Now her son and other youth are tasked with
promoting it to ensure that the conversation she _______(kick) off with ancient needlework decades ago finds
eager listeners on digital screens.16.( 2026届江苏扬州市广陵区扬州市新华中学高三3月考前适应性练习二)The term first _______(emerge) in
1956 when University of Chicago sociologists observed TV viewers engaging in parasocial relationships with
onscreen personalities.
17.(2026届江苏扬州市广陵区扬州市新华中学高三3月考前适应性练习二)Opportunities for asymmetrical(不
对称) relationships _______(mushroom) in the internet era over the past few years.
18.(2026届山东省日照第一中学高三下学期3月份单元质量检测)In Anji, a county in northwestern Zhejiang
Province, bamboo _______(replace) plastic in various products in recent years.
19.(2026届云南昆明市第一中学高三 3月复习诊断)Now more routes ________(develop), including flower-
viewing tours, summer retreats and autumn journeys, all of which are popular among senior travelers.
20.(2026届福建恒一教育集团高三下学期联合模拟检测二模)The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her
dream with a great deal of freedom, as opposed to a restaurant where the service is impersonal, the menu is known
in advance, and the meal ________(expect) to be no surprise.
二．语篇语法填空
Passage 1
(2026届江苏省苏州九校联考高三教学情况调研英语学科试题)China’s space station, Tiangong, has
become a platform for international scientific cooperation, attracting researchers from around the world. Since its
_______ (complete) in 2022, Tiangong has hosted a series of scientific experiments and ____2____ (welcome)
astronauts from different countries to work on board.
Recently, a team of scientists from China and Italy has launched a joint experiment on Tiangong. The
experiment, ____3____ focuses on space medicine, aims to study ____4____ long-term space travel affects the
human body. This research will provide valuable data ____5____ future space exploration missions, including
trips to the moon and Mars.
The Chinese government has always been committed to ____6____ (promote) international cooperation in
space. It has signed cooperation agreements with more than 40 countries and regions, making Tiangong a
____7____ (share) platform for global scientific progress. Many young scientists are also encouraged to participate
in space research, which helps to train ____8____ next generation of space experts.
Astronauts on Tiangong have also carried out a variety of public science activities, helping people around the
world learn more about space exploration. These activities have inspired many young people ____9____ (pursue)
careers in science and technology.
With the continuous development of China’s space program, Tiangong will continue to play an important role
in promoting international scientific cooperation ____10____ advancing human knowledge of space.
Passage 2
(2026届河北沧州市名校联下学期考前预测高三英语试题)Every Sunday, students at Zhejiang University
in China gather to sing Peking opera. Their voices fill a room on campus as they practice this ____11____(remark)
art. Wang Yilin is the ____12____(organize) of the university’s Peking opera club. The first opera she learned was
a part of “Shajiabang.” She practiced it for a whole month before she could perform it well.
Most of these clubs ____13____(initiate) by students didn’t have a clear target at first. Fu Junhao,
____14____ started a club at Shenzhen Institute of Technology, wanted to change that. His club invited students
____15____(try) on opera costumes, paint opera masks, and learn basic singing skills. This made opera more funand exciting for them.
Students also mix opera with pop music and art. They even create cool products ____16____(use) opera
designs. Their fresh ideas help bring new life ____17____ old traditions. Since 2021, university clubs
____18____(make) many videos of their opera performances and posted them online. On World Theatre Day in
2022, Fu’s club held ____19____ online opera show. It was livestreamed so people could watch it from anywhere.
Wang said, “When people see opera for ____20____(they), they can discover how beautiful it is. We’re using the
Internet to help more people enjoy it.”
Passage 3
(2025-2026学年浙江镇海中学高三下学期最后一卷)As New Yorkers enjoy their fruity Luckin lattes(拿铁
咖啡), few of them might realize that this cup’s journey across the Pacific tells a story rich with cultural exchange.
For years, Starbucks ___21___ (stand) as a symbol of widespread influence in the coffee market, having over
17,000 stores in China. For Luckin, entering such a ___22___(compete) space requires courage and serious
innovation.
Founded in 2017, Luckin now is China’s fastest-growing coffee retailer, with over 24,000 stores across the
country. By focusing on the ___23___(affordable) of coffee and flexible product innovation, Luckin has
successfully attracted a growing number of young Chinese people.
With releases like “100 percent Yunnan Single Origin”, many of Luckin’s ___24___(special) feature Yunnan’s
typical small-bean coffee, which is valued for its chocolate aftertaste. Today, Yunnan coffee is one of China’s key
products ___25___(ship) overseas, with 140,000 tons of beans produced every year on its rich soil.
Beyond just coffee, ___26___ Luckin has done is to reshape retail through technology, which turned the
traditional coffee business into a fully online, data-driven model. A customer can personalize his drink order and
pay in seconds, all from a phone app — he doesn’t need to rely on anyone else to customize the drink ___27___
(he). In this cup of Luckin coffee — combining Yunnan’s beans with a global taste — cultures find a shared sip.
The rise of China’s coffee industry and the Luckin brand isn’t just about catching up. It’s about introducing the
world ___28___ Chinese-style coffee, expanding the world’s coffee map, ___29___ bringing fresh perspectives
and flavors. ___30___(final), it’s a story of cultural fusion brewed in every cup.
Passage 4
(2026届安徽省省十教育高三最后一卷英语试题)On April 4, the first day of the Qingming holidays, 26-
year-old Sun Yiheng traveled from Northeast China’s Jilin Province to a tea garden in Huzhou, East China’s
Zhejiang Province, ____31____(experience) firsthand the traditional art of tea picking.
For 68 yuan, she joined a hands-on workshop that included plucking(拔) tender leaves, pan-frying them,
sipping tea, ____32____ taking home her own creation.
“I grew up in the north, ____33____ tea gardens are virtually non-existent. I’ve never had the chance to pick
tea myself, so there was always this natural ____34____(curious),” Sun said.
For Sun, tea has long been an essential part of daily life in China, which made her eager to understand its
journey from leaf to cup. Visiting during spring, a season that ____35____(associate) with renewal, also offers a
chance to feel nature’s vitality(生命力) up close.
Sun is not alone. On China’s lifestyle-sharing platforms, posts about tea garden visits and tea culture
experiences across the country are ____36____(increasing) common. Many have shared photos of their trips,during which they not only picked tea leaves but also took part in ____37____(activity) such as tea frying.
“The popularity of tea-picking experiences reflects a ____38____(grow) desire among young Chinese to step
into tradition ____39____ a more tangible( 实际的) way,” said Zhu Yi, an associate professor at China
Agricultural University in Beijing. “Beyond the photos and videos, they are engaging with Chinese history through
projects ____40____(design) for hands-on learning,” he added.
Passage 5
(2026年山东青岛市高三年级第三次适应性检测英语试题)William Shakespeare’s King Lear (《李尔王》)
is often associated with the grand theaters of London’s West End or New York’s Broadway. But in Leping, a
county-level city in east China’s Jiangxi Province, the king takes ____41____ unexpected form as Li Er. Through
loud singing and rich costumes, the English classic ____42____(stage) in a Chinese way.
51-year-old actor Hu Haidong grew up in a Ganju performer’s family and began learning opera at 13 before
joining the troupe(剧团). Yet, Ganju experienced a declining audience trend and funding ____43____(short) in the
late 20th century, which left many state-backed troupes ____44____(struggle) to survive.
The turning point came around 2012, when local authorities reformed the Leping Ganju Opera Troupe,
reshaping it ____45____ an organization that puts greater emphasis on performance. Artists gained greater
freedom to adapt scripts(剧本) ____46____ respond directly to audience demand with revised versions keeping
themes via Ganju’s unique vocals, music and symbolic movements.
Leping’s King Li Er has also gained attention beyond China. It once shared the stage with a British
____47____(produce) of King Lear. David Gareth, who played Lear in the British version, ____48____(describe)
it as his first real encounter with the emotional depth and ____49____(express) power of Chinese regional opera.
Today, Hu still performs for hours during busy seasons. His voice gets tired, but he stays on stage, holding on
to a sense of purpose once ____50____(lose). “When I hear the applause,” he said, “I know the art is still alive.”
