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Unit 5 Section B 3a-Self check学案 (知识精讲+分层作业)
【单元语法】
一般现在时态的被动结构及用法
一、概念理解
1. 时态：在英语语言中，时态主要讨论行为动词发生的时间。
如：He often helps me with my English. 他经常帮助我学英语。（help这个动作经常发
生often；故用一般现在时）英语中常用的时态有：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来
时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时等等。
1. 语态：在英语语言中，语态主要讨论句子主语与行为动词的关系。语态有两种：主动
语态和被动语态。
① 主语是动作的发出者(执行者)为主动语态。
如： Thetall boy often hits his classmates （主语boy是谓语动词hit的发出者）。
② 主语是动作的接受者（承受者）为被动语态。汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、
“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词构成如：
Chinese is spoken by the most people in the world（主语Chinese是谓语动词speak的
接受者）。
3 语态与时态的关系：在任何一个英语句子中都同时存在语态时态，他们是分析一个英
语句子的两个主要元素。
如： ① He is looking after his sister at home.（ 此句为现在进行时的主动语态结构）
② He isbeing looked after well by his parents. （此句为现在进行时的被动语态结构）
说明：我们以前所学的各种时态的结构其实都时主动语态的各种时态结构。
二、被动语态最基本的句型结构： be +及物动词过去分词
说明：①、be 有时态，人称和数的变化。
②、被动语态中的谓语动词必须是及物动词；因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者，某
些短语动词如look after, think of, take care of, workout, laugh at等，也可用于被动语
态。
三、被动语态的使用
1. 当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用 by 短语。
“Mr. White, the cup with mixture wasbroken after class. ”(只是告诉老师杯子
坏了，不知是谁弄坏的，或不想说出谁弄坏的)。
2. 突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用 by 短语。如：Thecup was
broken by Paul.
3. 当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用 in + 名
词作状语，而代替by 短语。
如：Thesecars were made in China.四、主动语态变被动语态的变法：主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换
1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的 be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。
3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以
省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用 in + 地点名词作状语。
五、一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +done
如： Tea isgrown in Hangzhou. 杭州种植茶叶。
【重点句型】
My town is famous for… 我的城镇以…出名。
be famous for… 以…出名\闻名 同义词组be known for
Anxi is famous for its tea.
China is known for the Great Wall.
一、单项选择
( ) 1. The most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, __________ objects of
beauty.
A. turn into B. turns into C. are turned into D. is turned into
( ) 2. After dying, they are fired at a very high heat and it _________ several weeks to
complete everything.
A. spends B. takes C. costs D. pays
( ) 3. Today, people light the lanterns and watch them ________the sky with their wishes.
A. deal with B. rise into C. show up D. send out
( ) 4. We will fly a kite as soon as your homework ____________.
A. has finished B. finishes C. will be finished D. is finished
( ) 5.-----There's too much salt in the Chinese diet.
----So there is. The WHO says only 1. 5 grams of salt _______for each man every day.
A. is needed B. needs C. will need D. has needed
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6. Some of the world’s greatest books (write) long ago.
7. Wood can be used (make) paper.
8. The pencil box is used for (hold) pens.
9. Kunqu Opera is (wide) thought to be one of the symbols of Suzhou. Don’t miss it
during your stay here.
10. We must be careful to avoid (make) mistakes in the exam.
三、完成句子。
11. 你说的有道理。我们必须关注我们的牙齿健康。You __________ __________ __________. We must pay attention to the health of our teeth.
12. 五四运动于1919年在北京爆发。
In 1919, the May 4th Movement ___________ __________ in Beijing.
13. 吉尔无疑是那家医院最好的护士。
Jill is ___________ __________ the best nurse in that hospital.
14. 突然安迪家停电了。
____________ the electricity in Andy’s house was off.
15. 我错拿了她的连衣裙，因为它和我的相似。
I took her dress ___________ __________ because it was similar to mine.
四、完形填空
Do you know anything about the invention of the bar code (条形码)?
A small food store owner found it was 16 to keep records of the product information.
In 1948, he asked the Drexel Institute of Technology to solve this 17 . Bernard Silver, a
graduate student, was interested. He and his friend Norman Joseph Woodland 18 to work
on it. Soon, they invented their first working system (系统).
The system did work 19 , but it was very expensive and sometimes the system didn’t
work well. If the invention was to become 20 in stores, the problems had to be solved.
Finally, Woodland solved 21 .
The patent (专利权) for the bar code system was 22 for by Silver and Woodland in
1949, but the patent was not given until 1952. 23 this patent was given, the system was still
not popular among store owners.
In 1970, a business named Logicon Inc. 24 he Universal Grocery Products
Identification Code (食品工业统一码). Marsh’s Supermarket in Troy was the first store to
25 this bar code reading system. It has become very popular ever since, and now it’s used
in all types of stores all over the world.
( )16. A. easy B. difficult C. interesting D. boring
( )17. A. plan B. problem C. project D. doubt
( )18. A. started B. continued C. refused D. failed
( )19. A. at first B. for example C. on time D. in person
( )20. A. lively B. cheap C. direct D. popular
( )21. A. it B. him C. her D. them
( )22. A. asked B. offered C. made D. divided
( )23. A. Unless B. Although C. If D. Since
( )24. A. found B. mentioned C. invented D. remained
( )25. A. give up B. put up C. set up D. clean up五、阅读理解七选五
China has accepted Western fashion and technology as it has developed these years, but a
lot of young people are turning to the past for their clothes choices. 26. .
As the government encourages the renaissance(复兴) of traditional culture, Hanfu is
getting more and more popular with the teenagers. 27. . These shows bring us back to
the Han Dynasty. We learn more about the history, culture and beauty from them.
Hanfu hasn't been in the same style since the Han Dynasty. 28. . They all have
large soft robes(袍子), with sleeves that hang down to the knees, so the hands can't be seen.
According to CNN, Chinese Hanfu culture has become a new trend among Chinese young
people. 29. . In modern China, Hanfu fans are in all fields: from history fans to
cartoon fans, to students and even professionals.
“Clothes are the basic part of culture, 30. ,” said Zhang Jun, a famous reporter.
“If the people and the country do not even understand our traditional clothes or don't wear
them, how can we talk about other important parts of our culture?”
A. More and more young people put on Hanfu and go to the streets to show people
Hanfu culture
B. More and more young people put on Hanfu to show that they are different from
others
C. so both the traditional clothes and modern clothes play the same role in culture
D. because Hanfu culture has spread to other countries for a long time
E. Every year, we can enjoy different Hanfu shows around the cities
F. They are putting on traditional “Hanfu”
G. However, this kind of clothes has something in common
六、语法填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(每空
一词)。
There are many products in my home. Some are electric machines, such as fridges, electric
fans, TVs and computers. Others are furniture(家具), 31. sofas, tables and beds.
These machines and furniture are made 32. different materials and they were made
in different places.
The washing machine is 33. (main) made of plastic and steel. It 34. (be)
made in Qingdao, Shandong. The brand of the machine is “Haier”. It's 35. (know) all
over the world. My electric bike is green. It was 36. (buy) four years ago. It still
works 37. (good). 38. ________ (it) brand name is “Green Source(绿源)”. It
was made in Jinhua. And my TV set was 39. __________(produce) by TCL
Company. The sofas are made of cloth or leather. And some of them are made of wood. The
tables are made of wood or steel. The beds are made of wood, 40. .31.________ 32.________ 33.________ 34.________ 35._________
36.________ 37.________38._________ 39.________ 40._________
Unit 5 Section B 3a-Self check 学案 (知识精讲+分层作业)参考答案
一、单项选择1-5CBBDA
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.were written 7.to make 8.holding 9.widely 10.making
三、完成句子
11. have a point 12. took place 13. without doubt
14. All of a sudden / Suddenly 15. by mistake
四、完形填空
16-2BBAAD 21-25DABCC
五、阅读理解七选五
26-30 FEGAC
六、语法填空
31.like 32.of 33.mainly 34.was 35.known 36.bought 37.well
38.Its 39.produced 40.too
