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Unit 6 Section A Grammar focus-4c 学案 (知识精讲+分层作
业)
【重点语法】
被动语态
（1）被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。
（2）被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词（如果是不及物动词，其过去分词应
带有相应的介词）
（3）被动语态中的be 是助动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。
一般现在时的被动语态为：am/is/are+过去分词
一般过去时的被动语态为：was/were+ 过去分词
与情态动词连用的被动语态：情态动词+ be + 过去分词（关于被动语态，大家
一定要熟悉，这个在中考的时候属于是必考内容，而且是重点内容）
（4）被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词 by的宾语，放在句末，by表示“由，
被”的意思，如何理解被动语态？ 为了更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义，可以
将主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进行比较。
主动语态：主语+谓语动词+宾语+其他成分
被动语态：主语+be+过去分词+by+宾语+其他成分
如：Many people speak English.
被动语态 :English is spoken by many people.
【词汇用法】
1. at a low price 以低价
eg：This sweater is on sale at a low price. 这件毛衣正以低价出售。
low形容词，意为“低的”。
eg：She jumped over the low wall.她跳过了那堵矮墙。
At present, the price of the houses in Urumqi is lower than before. I can afford to buy a large
one.
2. translate /træns'leɪt/ v．翻译
translate... into ...意为“把……翻译成……”，既可用于主动语态中，也可用于被动语态中
eg：Don’t translate everything into Chinese when you read English articles.
当你阅读英语文章时，不要把所有的东西都翻译成汉语。
Will the book be translated into English as soon as possible?
这本书会尽快翻译成英文吗？
Do you know Mo Yan? His books were translated into English a few years ago.
【重点句型】1. Our parents advised us not to go out alone．我们的父母建议我们不要单独外出。
advise v. 劝告；建议
advise sb. about / on sth. 就某事向某人提出建议
advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
advise sb. not to do sth. 建议某人不要做某事
advise doing sth. 建议做某事
我们可以就教育方面的事情向他们提出建议。
We can advise them about/on education.
他建议等到明天。He advised waiting until tomorrow.
辨析：alone, lonely
alone adj. 单独的；独自的 不能用于名词前，强调一人的客观状态，只陈述一个客观事
实，在句中作表语。
adv. 单独；独自；孤单地 相当于by oneself，在句中作状语。
lonely adj. 孤单的；寂寞
可作表语也可作定语，强调心理状态和主观感受，突出感到孤独和寂寞。
1) My sister is alone in the classroom now. She is finishing her painting.
2) Dale is shy and always feels lonely because he has few friends.
3) At heart, Mrs. Smith is a(n) lonely woman.
4) I don’t like going out alone at night.
2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers were brought to a safe
place. 突然发生了地震，但幸运的是,村民们被带到了一个安全的地方。
sudden (happening quickly and unexpectedly) 形容词，意为“突然(的)”。
There was a sudden change in the weather. 天气突然变了。
all of a sudden意为“突然；猛地”，相当于副词 suddenly。
He came to us all of a sudden.
=He suddenly came to us.他突然朝我们走来。
一、单项选择
( )1. I met a friend of mine _______ in the street yesterday.
A . by accident B . by the way C . by mistake D . by car
( )2.—_______ is said that we'll have a school trip next month.
—Sounds great!
A . One B . This C . It D .This
( )3. I have spent ___________ on this job. I think I can finish it ___________ this
afternoon.
A . sometime; sometime B . sometimes; some timeC . some time; sometime D . some times; some time
( )4.Great changes __________ in our school in the past few years .
A . have taken place B . took place
C . take place D . will take place
( )5. There is no _____ that phones play an important role in the modern life.
A . question B . doubt C . problem D. trouble
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.Last week our hospital bought some medical (instrument).
7.The earthquake happened all of a (suddenly), but luckily no one was injured in the
village.
8.The doctor advised my father (not smoke) anymore.
9.She is an excellent singer. Her (music) talent is amazing.
10.My daughter likes eating (cookie) very much. She thinks they’re very delicious.
三、完成句子。
11. 2012年奥运会在英国伦敦举行。
The 2012 Olympic Games ________ ________ in London, UK.
12. 毫无疑问，阅读对我们有好处。
________ ________ reading is good for us.
13. 茶，一种很受欢迎的饮品，是偶然被发现的。
Tea, a very popular drink, was invented ________ ________.
14. 去年这本书被译成好几种语言，很受欢迎。
The book ________ ________ ________ several languages last year. It was very popular.
15. 莉萨正在打电话，突然两个陌生人闯进了她的家。
Lisa was on the phone; _______ ______ ______ _______, two strangers broke into her house.
四、完形填空
Two high school students from Canada have invented a magic backpack. It can be 16
a sleeping bag for homeless people.
The two teens worked together for their school’s science fair. They wanted to do
something to help homeless people. They were inspired(启发) to make the backpack after
Pasha’s uncle died on the street. Because of mental(精神的)illness, he became homeless and
started 17 on the street. She missed her uncle and wanted to 18 a safe place for
homeless people.
Pasha, together with her best friend Adrianna, got the idea of building a 19 for the
homeless. Their amazing work is a big backpack. It 2 0 two kilos. When it is folded, it can
be carried 21 the shoulder as a backpack. And when it spreads out, the backpack willbecome a “house”. The space blanket(毛毯) in it keeps people 22 during the cold winters.
It’s 6℃ to 7℃ warmer inside than outside. During the hot summer months, the backpack can
be turned over(翻转) 23 the space blanket is on its top. It will be 24 cooler inside. The
girls hope that one day they will see homeless people using their 2 5 on the street.
What a wonderful thing the girls have done!
( )16.A.fallen into B. turned into C. put into D. poured into
( )17.A.living B. working C. studying D. researching
( )18.A.buy B. visit C. create D. leave
( )19.A.hotel B. restaurant C. factory D. home
( )20.A.weighs B. collects C. loses D. sells
( )21.A.from B. on C. into D. in
( )22.A.warm B. wet C. cool D. cold
( )23.A.even thoughB. so that C. ever since D. no matter
( )24.A.more B. most C. many D. much
( )25.A.notice B. message C. invention D. picture
五、阅读理解
A teacher stood in front of his history class of twenty students just before handing out(分
发) the final exam. His students sat quietly and waited for him to speak.
“It’s been a pleasure teaching you this term,” he said. “You’ve all worked very hard, so I
have a pleasant surprise for you. Everyone who chooses not to take the final exam will get a
‘B’ for the course.”
Most of the students jumped out of their seats. They thanked the teacher happily, and
walked out of the classroom. Only a few students stayed. The teacher looked at them. “This is
your last chance,” he said. “Does anyone else want to leave?” All the students there stayed in
their seats and took out their pencils.
The teacher smiled. “Congratulations (祝贺),” he said. “I’m glad to see you believe in
yourselves. You all get ‘A’ s.”
( )26. This story most probably took place ________.
A. at the beginning of the term B. in the middle of the term
C. at the end of the term D. at the beginning of the school year
( )27. Most of the students got Grade ________.
A. ‘A’ B. ‘B’ C. ‘C’ D. ‘F’
( )28. Why did some students stay in their seats?
A. Because they wanted to take the exam.
B. Because the teacher told them to stay in their class.
C. Because they were afraid to leave. D. Because they didn’t have anything to do.
( )29. The teacher gave the students who stayed in the classroom ‘A’ s because ________.
A. the teacher liked them B. they were cleverer than the other studentsC. they believed in themselves D. they studied hard5
( )30.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refers to “________”.
A. students staying in their seats B. students leaving the classroom
C. their seats D. all the students
六、根据短文内容及括号内所给动词的提示，用正确的时态和语态补全短文，使短文完整、
通顺。
A billion cans or bottles of Coca-Cola 31. _________ (drink) every day all over the
world!
This famous drink 32. _________ (invent) in 1886 by an American chemist (药剂师), Dr.
John Pemberton, in Atlanta, USA. He 33. _________ (call) it a health drink. At first, it 34.
_________ (make) from the cola nut and coca plant. Pemberton’s partner, Frank Robinson, 35.
_________ (give) it the name “Coca-Cola”.
The business didn’t start well. In the first year, only nine drinks a day 36. _________
(sell). In 1888, the business 37. _________ (buy) by a man named Asa Candler. He 38.
_________ (open) the first factory, in Texas, in 1895. Since then, billions and billions of
gallons (加仑) have been sold in over 200 countries.
Coca-Cola 39. _________ still 40. ________(make) in that factory in Texas today.
Unit 6 Section A Grammar focus-4c 学案 (知识精讲+分层作业)参考答案一、单项选择
1-5 ACCAB
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.instruments 7.sudden 8.not to smoke 9.musical 10.cookies
三、完成句子
11. took place 12. Without doubt 13. by accident 14. was translated into 15. all of a sudden
四、完形填空
五、 16-20BACDA 21-25BABDC
六、阅读理解
26-30 CBACA
六、语法填空
31. are drunk 32. was invented 33. called 34. was made 35. gave
36. were sold 37. was bought 38. opened 39. Is 40. made
