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Unit 12 Section B 3a-Self check 学案 (知识精讲+分层作业)
【重点短语】
1.hand in 上交
2.wake up醒来
3.decide to 决定…
4.in the middle of the road 在路中间
5.turn around 转身
6.lead to the mall 通往商场
7.drive to the market 开车去市场
【语法归纳】
1.过去完成时的构成：助动词had + 过去分词
2.过去完成时的意义：表示在过去某一时间或过去某一动作之前，已经发生或完成了的
动作。(表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束)。它表示动作
发生的时间是“过去的过去”
表示过去某一时间可用by,before等构成的短语，也可用when,before等引导的从句，
或者通过上下文表示。
3.常见用法：
(1)表示一个动作或状态在过去某个时间之前开始，并一直延续到这一过去的时间。
He had worked in the factory for five years since he moved here.
(2)表示发生在过去某一时间之前的动作（即过去的过去），常与以下时间状语连用：
①与by,before构成的短语连用：We had gotten to the station before nine o`clock.
②与by,before,when等引导的从句连用：By the time I got home,my mother had
already finished cooking.当我到家时，妈妈早已经，把饭做好了。
But before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.(见课文p90 2d)
(3)过去完成时常用在said,told,asked等动词过去式之后，即用在宾语从句当中：He
said that he had stayed there for three years.
4.过去完成时句子的句型转换（即陈述句，否定句，一般疑问句的转换）：
(1)否定句：主语 hadn`t done……
By the time he was eleven, he had set up a lab of his own yet.
By the time he was eleven, he hadn`t set up a lab of his own.
(2)一般疑问句：Had 主语 done……?
Had he set up a lab of his own?
By the time I left the school, I had taught that course for ten years.
Had you taught that course for ten years?
5.by the time到……之前。到……时候。引导时间状语从句，常与过去完成时连用：By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.
By the time I walked into class, the teacher had started teaching already.
过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
两者主要区别是时间的参照点不同：
过去完成时的时间参照点是某个“过去的”时间；现在完成时的时间参照点是“现
在”。因此现在完成时中的很多规则，也适用于过去完成时 。
例句：
When I got to the cinema, the film had been on for five minutes.当我到达电影院时，电
影已演了五分钟了。（got是一个过去的“时间点”，电影“开始”在我“到达”之前，
是“过去的过去”。因为for five minutes为延续一段的时间状语，应用可延续的系表
结构be on的过去完成时形式。） 注：过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的
是“过去的过去”，只有在和过去某时或某动作相比较时才用到它，因此当原句中若
找不到一个“过去的时间”作为参照点时，是不能用过去完成时的。
例句：
He got to the railway station and suddenly realized that he had forgotten to bring his
ticket.他到了火车站后忽然意识到他竟忘记带车票了。（“忘记”这一动作在“意识
到”这一动作之前。）
【重点句型】
1. I missed the road that led to the mall.我错过了通往商场的那条路。
miss 作动词，常见下列两种用法：①想念、怀念 搭配： miss sb../sth. I miss you
so much that I often dream about you. 我非常想念你，经常梦到你。Did you miss your
parents when you were working abroad? 你在国外工作时想念父母吗？Lily missed her
father badly.莉莉非常想念她的爸爸。I miss my old bike. It's very fast.我怀念我的旧自
行车。它非常快。I miss the fresh air in the countryside.我怀念农村的清新的空气。拓展:
miss doing sth.怀念做某事 I will miss studying with you. 我会怀念和你一起学习
(的日子)。 She missed swimming in the small river with her friends in summer.她怀念
暑假的时候和她的朋友在小河里游泳。②未赶上、错过 可指没有赶上公交车等 miss
the bus/train/flightI got up late this morning and I missed the first bus .我今早起晚了，
错过了第一班公共汽车。If you plan to visit Australia, you couldn't miss these places.如
果你计划去澳大利亚旅游，你不能错过这些地方。She missed the school bus because
she got up late.她错过了校车因为她起晚了。 Hurry and don't miss the train.快点，不要
错过火车。
拓展:可指错过了某件事某些活动(很想去但未能去参加或做某些事) miss a chance错
过了一个机会He missed his daughter's birthday party.他错过了他女儿的生日派对。
My boss missed an important meeting yesterday.我的老板昨天错过了一场重要的会议。
She never misses breakfast.她从来不会不吃早餐。miss也可以作名词，意思是小姐（一
般指未婚女性）Miss wang is a nurse and she is patient with her patients.王小姐是护士，
她对病人很耐心。拓展用法:
①miss v.丢失、缺少(没有了)通常搭配be missing sth.
The little girl was missing three teeth.这个小女孩少了三个牙齿。
The book is missing a few pages.这本书少了几页。
missing adj.丢失了、不见了 be/go +missing 或missing+名词 Her purse is missing.她
的包不见了。
A few pages of the book are missing.这本书的几页不见了。
the missing cars丢失的汽车
②miss v.未注意到、未察觉到
I noticed the mistake, but you missed it..我注意到了那个错误，但是你没有注意到。
2. I canceled my plan to go to the market.我取消了去市场的计划。cancel` 的用法主要
有以下几种：作为动词，表示取消某个动作、行为或活动。例如："I have to cancel my
plans tomorrow." 表示 "我明天必须取消我的计划"。cancel` 可以与动词的不定式（to
do）或现在分词（doing）搭配使用，用来描述正在进行的活动的取消。"They had to
cancel their plans for the weekend because of the rain." 表示 "他们不得不取消周末的
计划因为下雨"。cancel` 还有其他固定搭配，如 `cancel out` 表示抵消；`cancel debt`
表示废除债务；`cancel stamp` 表示盖销邮票。
一、单项选择
( )1. —What do you think of the Hi-tech Fair in Shenzhen Bay?
—You can’t miss it! The show room is full of different models.(选出与画线部分意思相同或
相近的一项)
A.is filled with B.is made of C.is covered with
( )2. His grandfather did his best to keep the tree but it died in the end.
A.alive B.asleep C.absent
( )3.When the best singer in our class , everyone shouted with excitement.
A.took up B.put up C.showed up
( )4.—Why are you late for dinner, Jim?
—At first I wanted to take a taxi, but I walking here because of the heavy traffic.
A.ended up B.took up C.gave up
( )5.—Tom, it smells so terrible here.
—Sorry, Mom. I will my socks and wash them right away.
A.put off B.take off C.turn off
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.It’s (believe) that Huoshenshan Hospital was set up in Wuhan in just 10 days.
7.You told me you had (deal) with these letters. Why are they still here?8. Ma Long is one of (famous) ping-pong players in the world.
9.Life is full of the (expect). Bad luck may turn into a good thing.
10.We should protect the endangered wild animals, or they will (appear) in the near
future.
三、完成句子。
11.当我们赶到书店时,他们已经卖光了《哈利·波特》这本书。
By the time we arrived at the bookstore, they Harry Potter.
12.每年,成千上万的人聚集在纽约时代广场庆祝新年的到来。Every year in New York,
people gather on Times Square to celebrate the arrival of the new year.
13.每次她去看那部电影,最后都哭得跟泪人似的。
Every time she went to see that movie, she her eyes out.
14.这场大型化装舞会上个月在学校礼堂举办。
The big costume party in the school hall last month.
15.你为什么没有在我的聚会上出现? Why didn’t you at my party?
四、完形填空
Get your practical jokes ready because April Fool′s Day has arrived.It can be fun to 16
your friends, but what will happen when the jokes get out of control?
Sometimes our friends like to do 17 things on April Fool′s Day to make us
laugh.However, some jokes can be hurtful if someone′s feelings are hurt or someone feels 1 8
in front of classmates and friends.So before you play a joke on somebody, think to 19 ,
“Would I mind if he did this to me?”
A famous TV star asked his girlfriend to 20 him on his show.When she answered
yes, he replied, “April Fool!” Unfortunately, the joke didn′t have a very happy 21 .He lost
both his girlfriend and his show.
When I was young, I played an April Fool′s joke 22 my father.I put salt in the sugar
bowl 2 3 sugar.When he put “sugar” into his milk, it was really salty.The joke was 2 4
harmless(无伤害的) that we both laughed.
One thing to remember about jokes is that you and your friends will 25 together.The
jokes should be relaxing and funny.
( )16.A.surprise B.thrill C.annoy D.fool
( )17.A.anxious B.convincing C.silly D.important
( )18.A.tired B.happy C.embarrassed D.anxious
( )19.A.itself B.yourself C.himself D.myself
( )20.A.interest B.get C.marry D.fall
( )21.A.beginning B.ending C.feeling D.meaning( )22.A.from B.to C.in D.on
( )23.A.because B.because of C.instead D.instead of
( )24.A.such B.too C.so D.very
( )25.A.cry B.shout C.speak D.laugh
五、阅读理解
The man walked down the trail(小路) on a cold day. White snow and ice covered the
earth for as far as he could see. This was his first winter in Alaska. He was wearing heavy
clothes and warm shoes. But he still felt cold and uncomfortable.
The man was on his way to a camp near Henderson Creek. His friends were already there.
He was expected to get there by six o'clock that evening. It would be dark by then. His friends
would have a fire and hot food ready for him.
A dog walked behind the man. The dog did not like the extreme(极端的) cold. It knew the
weather was too cold to travel.
The man continued to walk down the trail. He came to a frozen stream(结冰的小溪)
called Indian Creek. He began to walk on the snowcovered ice. It was a trail that would lead
him straight to Henderson Creek and his friends.
As he walked, he looked carefully at the ice in front of him. He was afraid that he might
break through the ice into the water. Getting his shoes wet in such cold weather might kill him.
His feet would turn to ice quickly. He could freeze to death. So he had to walk on the frozen
stream very carefully.
Half an hour later, it really happened. At a place where the snow seemed very strong, the
ice broke. The man's feet fell into the water. It was not deep, but his legs got wet to the knees.
The man was angry. The accident would delay his arrival at the camp. He would have to build
a fire now to dry his clothes and shoes.
( )26. The man was expected to get to Henderson Creek ________．
A. in the morning B. before lunch C. at noon D. by 6：00 p．m.
( )27. Why did the man walk on the snowcovered ice?
A. Because he could get to the camp directly.
B. Because he liked walking on the ice.
C. Because he could enjoy the beauty of the stream.
D. Because it was much warmer to walk there.
( )28. What does the underlined word “it” refer to?
A. The fact that the man was very hungry.
B. The accident in which the man fell into the water.
C. The man was bitten(咬) by the dog.
D. The man was killed by the cold weather.
( )29. The underlined word “delay” in the last paragraph means “________”．
A. set up B. put off C. depend on D. take off( )30. If the story goes on, what will the following paragraph most probably talk about?
A. How the man built a fire. B. How the man got to the camp.
C. Where the dog would go. D. How the man's friends helped him.
六、语法填空
Making friends is a skill. Like most skills, you can improve it if you are 31. __________
(patience). If you want to meet people and make friends, you must be willing to take actions.
You must first go where there are people. You won’t make friends staying home alone.Joining
a club or a group, 32. __________ (talk) to those who like the same things as you do is much
33. __________ (easy). Or join someone in some activity.Many people are nervous when
talking to new people. After all, meeting strangers 34. __________ (mean) seeing the
unknown. And it's human nature to feel a bit unpleasant about the unknown. Most of fears
about 35. __________ (deal) with new people come from doubts (怀疑) about ourselves. We
imagine other people are judging us—finding us too tall 36. __________too short, too this or
too that. But don’t forget that they must be feeling the same way. Try to accept 37.
__________(you) as you are, and try to make others feel at home. You'll all feel more
comfortable.Try to be brave even if you don’t feel that way when you enter a room full of
strangers. Walk tall and straight, look 38. __________ (direct) at other people and smile. If
you see someone you’d like to speak 39. __________, say something. Don’t wait for the other
person to start a conversation.Just meeting someone new does not mean that you’ll make
friends with that person. Friendship is based on mutual(相互的) lickings and “give and take”.
It takes time and effort (精力) for us to develop friendship. And there are things that stop a
new friendship 40. __________ growing.
31._________ 32._________ 33._________ 34._________ 35._________
36._________ 37._________ 38._________ 39._________ 40._________
Unit 12 Section B 3a-Self check学案 (知识精讲+分层作业)参考答案
一、单项选择1-5 AACAB
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
.6.believed 7.dealt 8.the most famous 9.unexpected 10.disappear
三、完成句子
11.had sold out 12.thousands of 13.ended up crying 14.took place 15.show up
四、完形填空
16-20DCCBC 21-25BDDCD
五、阅读理解
26-30ABCBB
六、语法填空
31.patient 32.talking 33.easier 34.means 35.dealing 36.or 37.yourself 38.directly 39.to 40.from
