时态是小学英语的核心，依靠动词变形体现动作发生的时间。小学阶段一共6种时态：4种必考核心时态+2种拓展时态，单选、动词适当形式填空、句型转换、写作高频考察。
一、一般现在时
✅含义：经常性习惯性动作、客观事实真理、长久存在的状态；口语也可表计划好的即将发生的动作。
动词结构
I + am；he/she/it + is；you/we/they + are缩写：I'm / he's / she's / it's / we're / you're / they're
主语三单(he/she/it、单数人名/单数事物)：动词+s/es🔥标志词：always、usually、often、sometimes、seldom、every day/week、on weekends
全新例句：
My grandma waters the small garden every morning.奶奶每天早晨给小花园浇水。The earth turns around the sun.地球绕着太阳转动。（客观真理）The new term starts next Monday.下周一新学期开学。（口语表计划将要发生）二、一般过去时
✅含义：过去发生并且已经结束的动作、过去存在的状态；也可以表达委婉客气的语气。
动词结构
I/he/she/it + was；you/we/they + were所有人称统一使用动词过去式（规则‑ed，不规则特殊记忆）🔥标志词：yesterday、last week/month、…ago、just now、in+过去年份
全新例句：
We picked fresh strawberries on the farm last Saturday.上周六我们在农场采摘新鲜草莓。I lived in a small village seven years ago.七年前我住在一座小村庄。三、一般将来时
✅含义：现在还未发生，未来将要发生的动作、计划与打算。
动词三种结构
shall +动词原形：多用于第一人称I / we，可与will互换be going to +动词原形：侧重主观计划、安排、预判事态🔥标志词：tomorrow、next week/month、soon、in+一段时间、this afternoon
全新例句：
We will take part in the city reading competition next term.下学期我们将要参加市级阅读比赛。She is going to plant several fruit trees in the yard.她打算在院子里种几棵果树。小句型：征求建议用 Shall I / we …?Shall we take a short walk after dinner? 晚饭后我们散一会步好吗？
四、现在进行时
✅含义：①说话此时此刻正在发生的动作；②现阶段持续进行（说话瞬间不一定在做）；③come/go/leave/start可表计划好的近期将来；④描述事物正在发生变化。
动词结构
am / is / are + 动词‑ing（现在分词）‑ I+am doing；he/she/it+is doing；you/we/they+are doing
🔥标志词：now、look!、listen!、at the moment、these days
全新例句：
Listen! The children are reciting English poems in the hall.听！孩子们正在大厅朗诵英文诗歌。The days are getting shorter in autumn.秋天白昼正在慢慢变短。My cousin is leaving for the seaside this Friday.我的表姐这周五就要动身去往海边。五、现在完成时【小学拓展·小升初】
✅含义：过去发生的动作，对现在造成结果或影响；动作从过去持续到现在。
动词结构
have / has +动词过去分词‑ I/you/we/they + have；he/she/it + has
🔥标志词：already、just、yet、ever、never、for+时间段、since+时间点
🔔核心辨析
全新例句：
I have already finished my daily homework.我已经写完了日常家庭作业。He has lived in this town for six years.他在这座小镇已经住了六年。六、过去进行时【小学拓展·小升初】
✅含义：过去某一个具体时刻、某一段时间内正在进行的动作；常搭配when从句，描述某事件发生时，另一个动作正在进行。
动词结构
was / were +动词‑ing‑ I/he/she/it + was doing；you/we/they + were doing
🔥标志词：at+过去具体时刻、at that time、last week/year
全新例句：
I was drawing landscape paintings at eight last night.昨晚八点我正在画风景画。They were preparing for the party when the rain came.下雨的时候，他们正在为派对做准备。
📝时态速记总表
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📝动词时态专项自测
一、用括号内动词适当形式填空
My sister often ____ (practice) oral English after supper.Look! The little birds ____ (fly) across the blue sky.They ____ (climb) mountains with their parents last Sunday.We ____ (visit) the science museum next weekend.He ____ (finish) his homework already.I ____ (read) storybooks at 9 o’clock last night.二、单项选择
The sun ____ in the east.A. rise B. rises C. rose—Shall we ____ a picnic this Saturday?A. have B. will have C. are havingListen! Someone ____ songs in the next room.A. sing B. sings C. is singing三、句型转换
She cleans her bedroom every day.（改为一般疑问句）
They are having fun in the park.（改为否定句）
✅参考答案
一、动词填空
will visit / are going to visit二、单选
1.B 2.A 3.C
三、句型转换
Does she clean her bedroom every day?They aren’t having fun in the park.
#小学英语#小学时态#小升初英语#薄冰语法#英语语法干货