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冲刺高考高考英语第一轮复习词汇篇--介词

冲刺高考高考英语第一轮复习词汇篇--介词

复习提纲:

介词是一种虚词,不作句子成份,表示词与词、词与句间的关系,也表示某人、物、东西、事件与另一个之间的关系。

一、时间介词:in/on/at/for/since/by/till(until)before

二、地点介词:

in/on/to/over /above/through/across/between/among

三、其他易混介词:

with/in/by;besides/except/but/except for;about/on/of;as/like;beyond;

四、介词的固定搭配:

at first, at noon, at school, on time, at present, at the moment, by the way ;

巩固训练题:

l. 从括号内选择适当的介词填空(一)

1. Please don’t do anything harmful ____ our nature, or we humans will have no fun ____ each other. (about, to, for, with)

中文翻译:请不要做任何伤害大自然的事,否则我们人类彼此之间就没有乐趣可言。

答案:to;with

解析:固定搭配 be harmful to 对……有害;have fun with sb 和某人相处愉快、和某人玩乐。

2. The man who had been out of work ____ three months was equal ____ the job. (to, for, in, with)

中文翻译:那个已经失业三个月的男人能胜任这份工作。

答案:for;to

解析:for + 时间段,表示动作持续多久;be equal to 固定短语,胜任;等于。

3. I agree to his suggestion ____ the condition that he drops all charges. (in, on, of)

中文翻译:我同意他的提议,条件是他撤销所有指控。

答案:on

解析:on the condition that… 固定连词短语,意为“条件是……”,引导条件状语从句。

4. I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll ask you again just ____ case. (on, in, for)

中文翻译:我猜我们之前已经谈过这件事了,但我再问你一次,以防万一。

答案:in

解析:in case 固定短语:以防,以备。高考高频短语。

5. We’re planning to send out a thousand invitations ____ Expo volunteers. (to, for, among)

中文翻译:我们计划发出一千份给世博会志愿者的邀请函。

答案:to

解析:invitation to sb 给某人的邀请函,介词to表对象。

6. An artist who was recently travelling ____ a ferry to the southern island discovered ____ chance a long lost antique Greek vase. (in, on, by, at)

中文翻译:一位最近乘坐渡船前往南部岛屿的艺术家偶然发现了一个遗失已久的古希腊花瓶。

答案:on;by

解析:on a ferry 在渡船上(交通工具有甲板/平台,用on);by chance 固定短语:偶然,意外地。

7. With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ____ colour. (by, in, with)

中文翻译:借助新技术,可以拍摄到水下峡谷的彩色照片。

答案:in

解析:in colour 固定搭配:彩色地;in + 材料/颜色/语言,属于高考介词高频考点。

8. People won’t pay attention ____ you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying ____ expression. (of, to, in, for)

中文翻译:当人们自己还有很多想法亟待表达时,他们不会注意到你。

答案:to;for

解析:pay attention to 注意;cry for 迫切需要,急需。

9. Instead of calling ____ his uncle, he called ____ my new house with his brother that afternoon. (for, by, on, at)

中文翻译:那天下午,他没有去拜访叔叔,而是和他兄弟一起来我新家串门。

答案:on;at

解析:call on sb 拜访某人;call at +地点 拜访某地。

补充辨析:call for 需要;call by 顺路拜访。

10. Colour and sex are not relevant ____ whether a person is suitable ____ the job. (for, to, in, of)

中文翻译:肤色和性别与一个人是否适合这份工作无关。

答案:to;for

解析:be relevant to 和……有关;be suitable for 适合……,高考形容词+介词固定搭配。

介词填空练习

1. 题干:His efforts to raise money ____ his program were ____ vain because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets. (on, in, for, to)

中文翻译:他为自己的项目筹集资金的努力白费了,因为没人打算从口袋里掏出一分钱。

答案:for;in

解析:raise money for sth 为……筹集资金;in vain 固定短语,徒劳,白费。

2. 题干:Most Americans would prefer to keep their problems ____ themselves, and solve their problems ____ themselves. (by, to, for, in)

中文翻译:大多数美国人更愿意把问题藏在心里,并独自解决问题。

答案:to;by

解析:keep sth to oneself 固定搭配,保密、不把心事告诉别人;by oneself 独自,单独。

3. 题干:They were suddenly plunged into darkness as the train went ____ a tunnel. (through, across, over)

中文翻译:当火车穿过隧道时,他们突然陷入一片黑暗。

答案:through

解析:through:从物体内部空间穿过;across 从物体表面横穿;over 越过上方。火车是从隧道内部穿过,用through。

4. 题干:“I didn’t know what I was doing,” she said, laughing ____ the memory. (at, to, with)

中文翻译:“我当时都不知道自己在干什么,”她笑着回忆起这件事说道。

答案:at

解析:laugh at sth 因某事而发笑;laugh at the memory 想起这件事便笑了起来。

5. 题干:When she first got ____ China, she wondered what the future might hold ____ store for her, but now all her worries are gone. (at, in, to)

中文翻译:当她初次来到中国时,她不知道未来会有什么在等着她,但现在她所有的忧虑都消失了。

答案:to;in

解析:get to +地点,到达某地;hold … in store for sb 固定短语,等待着某人,即将发生在某人身上。

6. 题干:These toys are not suitable for children ____ four years old, who are too young. (beyond, under, within)

中文翻译:这些玩具不适合四岁以下的儿童,他们年龄太小了。

答案:under

解析:under + 年龄,表示“在……年龄以下”;under four years old 四岁以下。beyond 超过;within 在范围之内。

7. 题干:The president has taken personal blame ____ the security failures which led ____ the attempt to blow up a plane on Christmas Day. (to, for, on, in)

中文翻译:总统为这次安保失误承担个人责任,该失误导致有人企图在圣诞节炸毁一架飞机。

答案:for;to

解析:take blame for sth 为……承担责任;lead to 固定短语,导致。

8. 题干:Scientists are convinced ____ the positive effect of laughter ____ physical and mental health. (of, on, to)

中文翻译:科学家们确信大笑对身心健康有积极作用。

答案:of;on

解析:be convinced of 确信;the effect on sth 对……的影响。

9. 题干:We work every day ____ Sunday. We usually go shopping that day. (besides, except, from)

中文翻译:除了周日,我们每天都工作。我们通常在那天购物。

答案:except

解析:except 除……之外(不包含后面的对象,周日不上班);besides 除……之外还有(包含后面对象)。

10. 题干:Hong Kong is ____ the south of China, and Macao is ____ the west of Hong Kong. (in, on, at)

中文翻译:香港在中国南部,澳门在香港的西边。

答案:in;on

解析:in the south of 在某一范围内部的南部(香港属于中国);on the west of 在某地的西边(两地接壤,澳门和香港陆地不接壤,但地理相邻,用on;to表示隔海相望,本题高考常用搭配in…on…)。

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