ARTICLE · 1130598
小学英语语法100期G91 · 定语从句(下)— 关系副词与限定/非限定
发布时间：2026-10-06 13:04:37 最近访问：2026-10-06 13:04:38
小学英语语法100期G91 · 定语从句(下)— 关系副词与限定/非限定
| 小学英语语法100期G91 · 定语从句（下）— 关系副词与限定/非限定 |
| 本期目标1. 掌握关系副词 when（时间）、where（地点）、why（原因）2. 理解"介词 + which"可以替代关系副词3. 了解限定性 vs 非限定性定语从句的区别4. 学会用 whose 表示所属关系 |
| 上期学了 who/which/that（关系代词，指人/物），本期学 when/where/why（关系副词，指时间/地点/原因）。关系副词在从句中作状语（修饰动作发生的时间/地点/原因）。 |
| 关系副词 | 指什么 | = 介词 + which | 例句 |
| when | 时间 | on/in/at + which | I'll never forget the day when we met.(= the day on which we met) |
| where | 地点 | in/at + which | This is the house where I was born.(= the house in which I was born) |
| why | 原因 | for + which | I don't know the reason why he left.(= the reason for which he left) |
| why 的特殊性why 只能用来修饰 reason 这个词，而且可以省略。I don't know the reason (why) he left.（有 why 或没有 why 都对）如果先行词不是 reason，不能用 why！ |
| 从句不缺主宾 | 用关系副词 | 例句 | 分析 |
| 完整不缺 | where | This is the house where I once lived. | I 是主语，lived 是不及物动词不需要宾语，不缺成分 → 用 where |
| 完整不缺 | when | I remember the day when I first arrived. | I 是主语，arrived 不需要宾语，不缺成分 → 用 when |
| 缺宾语 | which/that | This is the house which I built. | I built... 缺宾语 → 用 which（built+什么=房子） |
| 缺主语 | which/that | I like the house whichstands on the hill. | ...stands 缺主语 → 用 which（什么站在山上=房子） |
| 快速选择秘诀1. 看先行词是人是物2. 看从句中缺不缺主语/宾语 缺 → 用关系代词（who/which/that） 不缺 → 用关系副词（when/where/why） |
| whose 是 who 的所有格形式，表示"...的"。whose 既可以指人（谁...的），也可以指物（它...的）。 |
| 指什么 | 例句 | 分析 |
| 指人 | I know the boy whose father is a doctor. | whose father = the boy's father |
| 指人 | She is the girl whose bike was stolen. | whose bike = the girl's bike |
| 指物 | I bought a book whose cover is blue. | whose cover = the book's cover |
| 指物 | We visited a house whose windows were broken. | whose windows = the house's windows |
| 类型 | 有无逗号 | 作用 | 例句 |
| 限定性 | 无逗号 | 限定范围，去掉后意思不完整 | The girl who is wearing red is Lily.（只有穿红衣服那个才是Lily） |
| 非限定性 | 有逗号 | 补充说明，去掉后主句依然完整 | Lily, who is wearing red, is my friend.（Lily本身就确定，穿红衣服是额外信息） |
| 非限定性定语从句的三个注意事项1. 必须用逗号隔开2. 不能用 that（只能用 who/whom/which）3. 关系代词不可省略（即使作宾语也不能省） |
| 定语从句全能口诀主宾不全代词上，主宾俱全副词当。who指人which指物that万能，when时间where地why因，whose所属两边通。无逗限定有逗非限，非限不用 that 不省略！ |
| 第一关：用 when / where / why 填空（5题） |
| 1. Do you remember the day _______ we first met?2. This is the shop _______ I bought the gift.3. Tell me the reason _______ you are late.4. Summer is the season _______ it often rains.5. The school _______ my mother works is very famous. |
| 题号 | 题目 | 选项 |
| 6 | This is the house _______ I lived in last year. | A. thatB. whereC. when |
| 7 | This is the house _______ I visited last year. | A. whereB. whenC. that |
| 8 | I like the girl _______ hair is long. | A. whoB. whoseC. which |
| 9 | Beijing, _______ is the capital, is a beautiful city. | A. thatB. whichC. where |
| 10 | I'll never forget the days _______ we spent together. | A. whenB. thatC. where |
| 11. This is the museum where we visited last week.12. My mother, that is a teacher, is very kind.13. I don't know the reason which he gave up.14. It was the best day when I ever had.15. The boy who father is a doctor is my friend. |
| 第一关：填空1. when — the day 是时间，从句 we met 不缺主宾，用 when。2. where — the shop 是地点，从句 I bought the gift 不缺主宾，用 where。3. why — the reason 是原因，用 why（也可省略）。4. when — the season 是时间，从句不缺主宾，用 when。5. where — the school 是地点，从句 my mother works 是主谓完整，用 where。 |
| 第二关：选择6. A (that) — 注意介词 in 在句尾！我"住进"房子（live in...），house 是 in 的宾语，所以用代词 that/which。如果去掉 in：This is the house where I lived（这时才用 where）。7. C (that) — visit 是及物动词，需要宾语（visit+什么=house），所以用 that/which。对比第6题！8. B (whose) — "头发很长的女孩"，表示"女孩的头发"，用 whose。9. B (which) — 有逗号是非限定性定语从句，不能用 that！Beijing 后面,"which is the capital"是补充说明。10. B (that) — spend 是及物动词（spend + 时间），days 是 spend 的宾语，所以用 that/which。不是所有"时间"都用 when！ |
| 第三关：改错11. ...the museumthat/whichwe visited... — visit 是及物动词，visits+什么=museum，用 which/that 不用 where。12. My mother,whois a teacher,is very kind. — 非限定定语从句不能用 that，只能用 who/which。13. ...the reasonwhyhe gave up. — reason 后面用 why（或省略），不用 which。当然，如果理解为 gave up+原因... 实际上 gave up 不需要宾语，所以这里 why 更自然，which 不准确。14. It was the best daythatI ever had. — had 需要宾语（had+什么=day），所以用 that，不是 when。15. The boywhose father is... — "男孩的父亲"用 whose，who 是主格不能表示所属。 |
| 本期核心总结关系副词 when/where/why：从句不缺少主语/宾语时使用whose：表示所属关系（...的）限定性（无逗号）vs 非限定性（有逗号）：非限定不用 that，不可省略下期预告：G92 主语从句与表语从句 |
| 小学英语语法100期 · G91 · 定语从句（下）| 从句系列 |