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考点一：定语从句
1、技法巧图解
2. 高考真题体验
1、（2022年全国高考甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang,
______ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and
counties in three province.2、（2022年全国新高考I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all
the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the
health of the ecosystem in the area.
3、【2020年全国新高考I卷】The80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example,
formed the core collection of the British Museum __________opened in 1759
4、【2020年全国高考I 卷】 Because the moon'' s body blocks direct radio communication
with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ______it could
send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
5、【2020年全国高考Ⅲ 卷】 In ancient China lived an artist ________paintings were almost
lifelike.
6、【2019·新课标II卷】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in
Macclesfield， ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les.
7、【2019·新课标III卷】They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great
experience with caring for these animals.
8、 【2019·浙江卷】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light
in the dark.
9、【2019·北京卷】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they
go.
10、【2019·北京卷】The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally
engaged(参与)in academic life.
11、【2018·新课标I卷】Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014
66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and
early deaths from all causes (cause).
12、【2018·新课标II卷】The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when
the government _started_ (start) a soil-testing program ___69___ gives specific fertilizer
recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
13、【2018·新课标II卷】Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their
own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.
3、应试指南
语法填空解题策略
1. 确定定语从句关系词的解题要领:根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关
系副词。
2. 关系词应遵循“缺什么, 补什么”的原则(1)如果先行词指人, 定语从句中缺少主语, 限制性定语从句中用who/that; 非限制性定语
从句中用who。
(2)如果先行词指人, 定语从句中缺少宾语, 限制性定语从句中用who/that/whom; 非限制
性定语从句中用whom。
(3)如果先行词指物, 定语从句中缺少主语或宾语, 限制性定语从句中用which/that; 非限
制性定语从句用which。
(4)如果先行词指时间或地点, 定语从句中缺少时间状语或地点状语, 则用when或where;
如果缺少主语或宾语, 则用that或which。
(5)在“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句中如果先行词指人, 则关系词用whom; 如果先行词
指物, 则用which。
4、高考考点透析
重点 定语从句★★★★★
考点 1 关系代词引导的定语从句
1．who, whom, whose引导的定语从句
who和whom指人。who在定语从句中作主语； whom在定语从句中作宾语，在限制
性定语从句中可省略。在口语中可用who代替whom。whose指人或物，在定语从句中作
定语，指物时可用of which代替，指人时可用of whom代替。
Some people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields.
有些成功的语言学习者，在其他领域常常会失败。
My eldest son, whose work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
我的大儿子目前在纽约，他的工作让他全世界到处跑。
2．6种只用that引导定语从句的情况
(1)、先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, something, little, much, none, few, the one等不
定代词时。(如先行词指人，可用who代替that)
(2)、先行词被all, any, few, every, no, little, much, some等词修饰时。(如先行词指人，可用
who代替that)
(3)、先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词时。
(4)、先行词被the only, the very (正是、恰是), the last修饰时。(如先行词指人，可用who代
替that)
(5)、先行词含有人和物两者时。
(6)、先行词在主句中作表语，或关系词在从句中作表语时。
3．4种只用which引导定语从句的情况
(1)、先行词为物，引导非限制性定语从句时。
(2)、先行词为物，关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前时。(3)、先行词本身是that时。
(4)、引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念时。
4．as, which引导的定语从句
as作关系代词引导非限制性定语从句时，指代整个主句，意为“正如，正像”， as
引导的句子可放在主句之前、之后或句中； which引导定语从句代指前面整句话的内容时，
通常位于主句之后或句中。
The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
正如报道的那样，吸烟者的数量仅在一年内就已经减少了百分之十七。
He failed in the exam, which made his father very angry.
他在考试中失利，这使得他爸爸非常生气。
[提示]
as常用在下列习惯用语中：
①、as (it) often happens, as I can remember, as is often the case, as is expected, as is known to
us, as is shown等。
②、“such/so ... that ... ”表示“如此……以至于……”的意思，用来引导结果状语从句；而
“such/so ... as ...”表示“像……这样……”的意思，用来引导定语从句，as在从句中充当主
语、宾语或表语等。
③、“the same ... that ... ”表示同一个人或物，而“the same ... as ...”表示同一类的人或物。
考点 2 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词指代的先行词及其作用
关系 在从句中 与“介词＋关系
先行词
副词 的作用 代词”的关系
表示时间的名词：time, ＝at/in/on/
when 作时间状语
day, year等。 during which
表示场所的名词：park, ＝in/at/to/on
where 作地点状语
place, country, house等。 which
表示理由的名词：the
why 作原因状语 ＝for which
reason。
[提示]
(1)、当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如point, situation, case, stage等时，如果引导词
在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。
(2)、先行词occasion意为“时机”时，用关系副词when；意为“场合”时，用关系副词
where。(3)、当先行词way意为“方法、方式”，且在从句中作状语时，可用that, in which或省略
关系词这三种形式。
He lived in a time when the blind couldn't get much education.
在他生活的那个时代，盲人是接受不了什么教育的。
I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, where we enjoyed a splendid view of the
lake.
我和朋友一起登上了山顶，在山顶上我们欣赏到了湖光美景。
I have come to the point where/at which I can't stand him.
我已经到了无法容忍他的地步。
考点 3 介词＋关系代词
若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。另外，
whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词＋whose＋名词”结构。
He is the person on whom you can depend.
他是你可以信赖的人。
He was the man from whose room the thief had stolen his bag.
他就是被小偷从房间里偷走包的那个人。
Last Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore, three of which were English novels.
→Last Sunday I bought some books from the bookstore, of which three were English novels.
上星期日我从书店买了一些书，其中三本是英文小说。
[提示]
注意“名词/代词/数词＋介词＋关系代词”结构
He told us a story in English, the meaning of which I couldn't understand completely.
他用英语给我们讲了一个故事，我不能完全理解它的意思。
There are about 400 students in our grade, most of whom are from Haidian District.
我们年级大约有400名学生，其中大多数来自海淀区。
考点二：名词性从
句
1、技法巧图解2. 高考真题体验
1、（2022年浙江高考1月）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who
invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely. (用适当的词填空)
2、（2021年全国新高考I卷）Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’
song“The Long and Winding Road”. ________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-
of-this-world scenes.
3．（2021年北京高考卷）The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about
________ she lived．(用适当的词填空)
4、（2020年北京高考卷）Oliver says if you’re lucky enough to have someone close to you
who enjoys cooking, ask them __________you can join in when it’s possible. (用适当的词填空)
5、（2019年全国高考I卷） While they are rare north of88 ，there is evidence_________ hey
range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
6、（2018年全国高考III卷）I' n not sure _______ is more frightened, me or the female
gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
3、应试指南
语法填空解题策略 名词性从句做题两步骤第1步判断是否属于名词性从句;
第2步判断名词性从句中的连接词;
①、若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语, 用连接代词;
②、若缺少状语就用连接副词;
③、如果不缺少成分则要考虑意思是否完整, 是否需要用whether/if;
④、如果不缺少成分且意思完整用that。
4、高考考点透析
重点一 宾语从句★★★★★
1.引导宾语从句的连接词
从属连词that, whether, if；连接代词what, who, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever等；
连接副词when, where, why, how等；从句用陈述语序。
We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
我们许诺，任何参加这个聚会的人都有跟那个电影明星合影的机会。
I truly believe that beauty comes from within.
我确信美来自内在。
What we should take with us depends on where we'll stay.
我们需要随身带什么东西，取决于我们将在什么地方停留。
2．it作形式宾语的宾语从句
(1)、一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that引导的宾
语从句后置。常见的这类动词有：find, feel, think, consider, believe, guess, suppose, make等。
He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.
他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
(2)、动词hate, like, dislike, appreciate, enjoy等表示“喜欢”“厌恶”等的动词以及一些动
词短语see to, depend on, rely on等，常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
I shall see to it that he will be taken good care of when you are absent.
你不在的时候，我会确保把他照顾好。
重点二 主语从句和表语从句★★★★★
1.主语从句
(1)、that连接从句时，没有具体意思，不充当句子成分，只是起标志性的作用，但that不
能省略。what引导时，既要在从句中充当成分，又有意义。
It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.
我从来没想到你会成功地说服他改变主意。
(2)、whether连接从句时，表示怀疑，不能省略，意为“是否”，在句首时不能用if替换。
Whether it will do us harm or good remains to be seen.
究竟此事对我们有害还是有利，还有待观察。(3)、连接代词、连接副词引导主语从句时不能省略，并在从句中充当句子成分。
Who will take over the company has not been decided.
谁将接管公司还没定好。
(4)、用it作形式主语的常用句型：
①、It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)＋that从句；
②、It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句；
③、It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)＋that从句；
④、It＋特殊动词(seems, appears, happens, matters)＋that从句。
It is a pity that I missed the party held last night.
很遗憾我错过了昨晚举行的聚会。
It is reported that the accident was caused by carelessness.
据报道，该事故源于(司机的)粗心驾驶。
(5)、在It is necessary/important/suggested/advised/ordered＋that从句结构中，从句用
“(should＋)动词原形”。
2．表语从句
在句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词
大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。
You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is where I disagree.
你在说人人应该平等，这是我所不赞同的。
No changes have taken place in the village. It remains what it used to be.
这个村子一直未发生变化，它仍是过去的样子。
The reason why he missed classes was that he was ill in hospital.
他缺课的原因是他生病住院了。
重点三 同位语从句★★★★★
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内
容。
1、that引导的同位语从句
that在其引导的同位语从句中只起引导词的作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，但不可
省略。
●Evidence has been found through years of study that children’s early sleeping problems are
likely to continue when they grow up. 多年研究发现:有证据表明孩子的早期睡眠问题很有
可能在他们长大后仍然存在
●Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually
bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 温居聚会的名字源于这样一个事实,很久以前人们会
带木柴作为乔迁礼物。
2 、whether引导的同位语从句whether引导同位语从句时，在从句中不作成分，意为“是否”，不能省略，不能用
诳替换。
●He asked her a question whether they can be friends他问了她一个问题:他们能否成为朋友。
3、疑问词引导的同位语从句
疑问词how, where,when,why等引导同位语从句时，在从句中充当句子成分。
●He showed us his way how he worked out that problem. 他向我们展示了他是如何解决那
个问题的。
4、常见的后跟同位语从句的名词有:
demand要求 advice建议 conclusion结论 hope希望 doubt怀疑 fact事实
formation信息 message消息 idea主意 news消息 order命令 problem问题
promise诺言 question问题 request 请求 suggestion建议 thought想法 truth事实
wish愿望 desire渴望;欲望 word消息
●When the news came that the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.
当战争爆发的消息传来时,他决定去参军
●I made a promise to myself that this year, my first year in high school, would be different.
我对自己承诺:今年,也就是我高中的第一年,会有所不同
重点四 连词whether和if在名词性从句中的使用★★★★★
1. 用whether或if均可的情况
(1) 、whether可引导各种名词性从句。引导大部分动词后的宾语从句时，两者均可。
(2) 、it作形式主语，且主语从句在句末时，两者均可引导主语从句。
It hasn’t been decided whether/if we shall study abroad.
2. 用whether而不用if的情况
(1)、主语从句和宾语从句置于句首
Whether we will go camping depends on the weather.
Whether he will succeed, I can’t say.
(2)、引导表语从句和同位语从句
The question is whether we can get in touch with him.
He must answer the question whether he will attend the meeting.
(3)、引导介词的宾语从句
Everything depends on whether we have free time.
(4)、引导词与or not连用
He doesn’t know whether or not he is going to stay.
(5)、引导词后接to do
They needed more time to consider whether to hold a meeting.
(6)、有些动词如discuss, decide等后的宾语从句
We discussed whether we should hold a meeting.
(7)、避免用if引导产生歧义Let me know whether you are coming to our party.
三维考场·全面提能
维度1 提分训练
单句语法填空
定语从句
1．We employed a foreigner as our coach, for ______ life here in China was totally different.
2．The weather in Chongqing was so unbearable, many visitors complained
about a lot.
3．I didn’t believe the reason ______ he referred to the other day at the press conference.
4．It’s our honor to meet the chairman on this occasion ______ everybody is focusing on his talk.
5．She rushed back, only to see the bloody scene ______ his husband was lying dead.
6．There are one hundred people in the museum, about one-third of ______ belong to one group.
7．Since laughter is much healthier than anger, a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in
the situation ______ has made you angry.
8．The hard truth is that a day will come ______ there is little or no exploitable coal, oil or
natural gas anywhere.
9．By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, ______ can be
very eye-opening and rewarding.
10．It is important to create an atmosphere _______wild ideas are honored rather than dismissed.
11．The reason ________ I was late was that I got up late.
12．Orientation Day is a fantastic opportunity ________ new students get to know the school and
the other students.
13．I saw a man stepping into a car ________ door was half-open.
14．Now Emily Johnson works all day long on the organization “Go Funding Me” in
Macclesfield, _________ she manages with her partner Mr. Lee.
15．Please read the labels __________ information includes shelf life, nutrition information and
way of storage.
16．You will mainly learn Chinese food ________ is deeply loved by Chinese.
17．Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those ________ constantly
reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings.
18．I was asked to explain the project with the help of a flow chart, ______ was a big challenge
for me.
19．Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communications, we had to put a satellite in
orbit above the moon in a spot, ____________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.20．The famous scientist made another wonderful discovery, ______ is of great importance to
science.
21．______ is shown in the report, the air quality in the city has improved over the past two
months.
22．The factory ______ we’ll visit next week is not far from here.
23．The man, ______ whom I learned the news, is an engineer.
24．All our classes are delivered by qualified educators, most of ________ are subject-matter
experts.
25．That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, _______ had recently joined the shop.
26．It remains to be seen _______weather-tracking system can prevent many disasters.
27．On 18 April 1955, it was reported _______Einstein had passed away.
28．________ seemed strange before now appears quite normal to her.
29．We have learned from the story that ________ is the most valuable is not what we have in
our lives but ________ are in our lives.
30．________ you will go there hasn’t been decided.
31．My question is _______Einstein was still loved by his friends and neighbours even if he was
forgetful.
32．You just assume I want to be a lawyer, but that’s only ________ you are a lawyer.
33．The task is too hard for us, and that is ________ I object to the plan.
34．What I want to know is _________ you agree with my idea or not.
35．The problem is ________ we can get the things we need.
36．Can you share with us_______impressed you most about the movie?
37．Have you ever asked yourself ________ people often have trouble learning English?
38．Tommy was late again, but he was unwilling to tell his teacher ______ he had done that
morning.
39．Only a few days after I arrived in the UK did I realize ________changeable the weather was.
40．One day, my five year old son asked me ______ there was ham in a hamburger.
41．Some people’s opinion _______advances in technology were unnecessary is nonsense.
42．The question was brought to life again ________a person has the right to end his or her own
life and a doctor has the right to assist.
43．I have no idea _______the journalist could have got his information from.
44．While making a paper work, I could easily work out the problem__________ I should do at
each step.
45．The news ______ our team has won the game is really encouraging.
维度2 易错专练
用括号内动词的正确形式填空，注意不规则动词的正确形式The first blockbuster (大片) of China set in space, “The Wandering Earth,” opens Tuesday
during grand expectations ____1____ it will represent the dawning of a new era in Chinese
filmmaking.
“The Wandering Earth,” ____2____ (show) in 3-D, takes place in a distant future in which
the sun is about to expand into a red giant and devour (吞噬) the Earth. It ____3____ (adapt)
from works by Liu Cixin, the writer ____4____ has led a renaissance in science fiction here,
____5____ (become) the first Chinese winner of the Hugo Award in 2015. His novels are
splendid and ____6____ (deep) researched. That makes ____7____ (they) reasonable fantasies
about humanity’s meeting with a dangerous universe. The openings also come as China reached a
milestone in space: the landing of a probe on ____8____ far side of the moon in January.
Although decades behind Russia and the United States, China has now put astronauts ____9____
orbit and has ambitious plans to join—or even lead—a new age of space exploration.
“I think there is a very close _____10_____ (connect) between Chinese cinema and the
nation’s fortunes,” said Sha Dan, a curator at the China Film Archive.
维度3 语篇训练
语法填空
（湖北省武汉市华师一附中2022-2023学年度毕业班阶段性考试）Be cautious of Friday
the 13th！Many people think the day is unlucky.___1___（fortune）, there's only one Friday the
13th this year. As the legend goes，you should try not ___2___（break）any mirrors，walk
under a ladder，or even spill any salt. Why？Researchers say___3___ is tough to find out how
the tradition came into being. Many believe it has ___4___（religion）origins. In the Christian
faith，there were 13 guests at table for the Last Supper，which was held the day before the
Friday___5___Jesus died. Now，Friday the 13h has become a cultural wonder. Many Americans
avoid the number 13 all together，___6___（include）hotel rooms and airplane seat
assignments. It even costs couples less to get married on the day. There are many other___7___
（explain）behind the luckless day. Simon Bronner，a professor of American studies at
Pennsylvania State. University，___8___（believe）Friday the 13h is a way for people to pin
their bad luck to a certain cause:. The fact should be___9___there's nothing special about the
number itself. After all，the number 13 ___10___（consider）to be lucky in some countries，
like Italy
