人教高中英语必修三Unit5 10个超级重难点高频词精讲+配套练习题

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1. ignore /ɪɡˈnɔː(r)/ vt. 忽视；无视；不予理会

1. 同根变形：ignorance n. 无知；ignorant adj. 无知的、不知情的

2. 必考搭配

▪ ignore sb/sth completely 完全无视某人/某物

▪ ignore the fact that... 忽视……的事实（写作高频句型）

3. 高频辨析：ignore 侧重“主观故意无视”；neglect 侧重“疏忽、怠慢”

4. 写作例句：We should never ignore the value of persistent efforts. 我们永远不要忽视坚持努力的价值。

2. apologize /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ vi. 道歉；谢罪

1. 同根变形：apology n. 道歉；apologetic adj. 愧疚的、道歉的

2. 必考固定搭配（高考单选、改错高频）

▪ apologize to sb for sth 因某事向某人道歉

▪ make an apology to sb for sth （名词短语同义替换）

3. 易错警示：介词固定搭配，to 接人，for 接道歉原因，不可混用

3. judge /dʒʌdʒ/ v. 判断；评判；评价 n. 法官；裁判员

1. 同根变形：judgement n. 判断；看法；判决

2. 核心必考搭配

▪ judge sb/sth by/from sth 根据某物评判人/事物

▪ judging from/by... 根据……判断（万能插入语，高考写作必用）

3. 经典例句：Judging from his behavior, he is a responsible person. 从他的行为来看，他是一个有责任心的人。

4. hesitate /ˈhezɪteɪt/ vi. 犹豫；迟疑；顾虑

1. 同根变形：hesitation n. 犹豫；hesitant adj. 犹豫的

2. 高频固定搭配

▪ hesitate to do sth 犹豫做某事、不情愿做某事

▪ without hesitation 毫不犹豫地（写作加分短语）

3. 考情：常用于情景交际、完形填空，表人物心理状态

5. maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/ vt. 维持；保持；保养；坚持主张

1. 同根变形：maintenance n. 维持；维修；保养

2. 核心必考搭配

▪ maintain a balance 保持平衡（写作高频）

▪ maintain contact with sb 与某人保持联系

▪ maintain that... 坚称/主张……（议论文高级句型）

3. 同义替换：keep/preserve（保持）、insist（主张）

6. intention /ɪnˈtenʃn/ n. 意图；打算；目的

1. 同根变形：intend v. 打算、计划；intentional adj. 故意的

2. 高考高频搭配

▪ have no intention of doing sth 无意做某事

▪ with the intention of doing sth 怀着做某事的目的

3. 易错点：后接 of doing，不接 to do

7. postpone /pəˈspəʊn/ vt. 推迟；延迟

1. 同根变形：postponement n. 延期；推迟

2. 核心考点（高考改错、语法填空高频易错）

▪ postpone doing sth 推迟做某事（后接动名词，不接不定式）

▪ postpone sth to/until... 将某事推迟至……

3. 同义替换：put off、delay（写作替换低级词汇）

8. obligation /ˌɒblɪˈɡeɪʃn/ n. 义务；职责；责任

1. 同根变形：oblige v. 迫使、使感激；obligatory adj. 义务的、强制的

2. 必考搭配

▪ have an obligation to do sth 有义务做某事

▪ fulfil one’s obligations 履行义务

3. 词义辨析：obligation 侧重法律、道德规定的义务；duty 侧重本职责任

9. in case 以防；万一；假使

1. 核心考点（语法填空、完形必考）

▪ in case + 从句 以防万一……

▪ in case of + 名词/短语 万一发生……（无从句）

2. 易混短语辨析

▪ in no case 决不（放句首，句子部分倒装）

▪ in that case 既然那样

10. to be honest 说实话；坦率地说

1. 写作万能插入语（高中作文高频加分短语）

2. 同义替换：honestly speaking、to tell the truth、frankly speaking

3. 拓展搭配：to be honest with you 坦白跟你说

4. 例句：To be honest, teamwork is more important than individual effort. 说实话，团队合作比个人努力更重要。

二、配套分层练习题（高中标准难度）

题型一：单项选择（10 题，全覆盖核心考点）

1. He completely ______ my advice and finally failed the exam.

A. ignored B. neglected  C. refused  D. denied

2. The student ______ his teacher for being late for class again.

A. apologized B. apologized to  C. made apology  D. apologized for

3. ______ from his smile, he is satisfied with the result.

A. Judge B. Judging  C. Judged  D. To judge

4. Don’t ______ to turn to me for help if you meet difficulties.

A. hesitate B. pretend  C. refuse  D. intend

5. It’s our duty to ______ the balance of nature.

A. preserve B. maintain  C. save  D. protect

6. She has no ______ of giving up her dream of becoming a teacher.

A. intention B. attention  C. attraction  D. condition

7. Bad weather forced us to ______ the sports meeting for three days.

A. put away B. postpone  C. put out  D. take off

8. As citizens, we have an ______ to obey national laws and regulations.

A. obligation B. ambition  C. inspiration  D. occupation

9. Please take an umbrella ______ it rains heavily in the afternoon.

A. in case of B. in case  C. unless  D. if

10. ______, I don’t agree with your decision on this matter.

A. As a result B. To be honest  C. In return  D. By accident

题型二：词形变换（用所给词正确形式填空）

1. His ________ (ignore) of basic knowledge led to his mistake.

2. He offered a sincere ________ (apologize) for his rude behavior.

3. In my ________ (judge), this plan is practical and effective.

4. She agreed to help the old man without ________ (hesitate).

5. The ________ (maintain) of public order is the duty of the police.

6. It was ________ (intention) that he missed the important meeting.

7. They delayed the meeting because of the ________ (postpone) of the project.

8. Everyone is ________ (oblige) to protect our living environment.

9. In no case ________ (we) give up our dreams easily.

10. ________ (honest) speaking, this is not the best choice.

题型三：短语/固定搭配填空（每空一词）

1. He apologized ________ his careless mistake publicly.

2. We shouldn’t judge a person ________ his appearance.

3. She hesitated ________ accepting the expensive gift from strangers.

4. We must maintain close contact ________ our partners.

5. He has no intention ________ changing his original plan.

6. The manager decided to postpone ________ (hold) the press conference.

7. Everyone has an obligation ________ (obey) school rules.

8. Take some cash ________ case you need it on the trip.

9. ________ be honest, I have little patience with repetitive work.

10. In that ________, we have to adjust our schedule immediately.

题型四：中英互译（书写练习）

英译汉

1. Judging from his positive attitude, he is determined to overcome all difficulties.

________________________________________________________________

2. Most people have no intention of giving up their hobbies in busy life.

________________________________________________________________

汉译英（长横线书写区）

1. 我们有义务保护野生动物和自然生态环境。

________________________________________________________________

2. 说实话，不要犹豫向身边的人表达善意与感谢。

________________________________________________________________

3. 为了保持身心健康，我们不能忽视规律作息的重要性。

________________________________________________________________

三、标准答案与精准解析（零差错定稿版）

题型一：单项选择答案+解析

1. A 解析：ignore 侧重主观故意无视；neglect 侧重疏忽怠慢，结合句意选A。

2. B 解析：固定搭配 apologize to sb for sth，向某人因某事道歉。

3. B 解析：judging from/by 为固定插入语，无需考虑主谓逻辑，固定用现在分词形式。

4. A 解析：don’t hesitate to do sth 别犹豫做某事，为情景交际高频句型。

5. B 解析：maintain the balance 保持平衡，为固定高频搭配。

6. A 解析：have no intention of doing sth 无意做某事，形近词辨析。

7. B 解析：postpone 表示推迟、延期，符合天气原因推迟运动会的语境。

8. A 解析：have an obligation to do sth 有义务做某事，贴合公民义务语境。

9. B 解析：in case 后接从句，表以防万一；in case of 后接名词，故选B。

10. B 解析：to be honest 说实话，符合上下文语义逻辑。

题型二：词形变换答案

1. ignorance 2. apology  3. judgement  4. hesitation  5. maintenance

重点解析：第8题 be obliged to do sth 表“有义务做某事”，为高考标准规范搭配；第9题 in no case 放句首，句子需部分倒装，故填 will we。

重点解析：第9题 in no case 放句首，句子需部分倒装，故填 will we。

题型三：短语填空答案

1. for 2. by  3. about/over  4. with  5. of

6. holding 7. to obey  8. in  9. To  10. case

重点易错点：postpone 后必须接动名词 doing 形式，为高考高频考点。

题型四：中英互译标准答案

英译汉

1. 从他积极的态度来看，他下定决心克服所有困难。

2. 大多数人在忙碌的生活中都无意放弃自己的爱好。

汉译英参考范文

1. We have an obligation to protect wild animals and the natural ecological environment.

2. To be honest, never hesitate to show kindness and gratitude to people around you.

3. To maintain physical and mental health, we cannot ignore the importance of regular work and rest.