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练习 21 语法填空＋阅读理解
授课提示：对应学生用书51页
Ⅰ.语法填空
2024·新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文 225词 ★★☆☆☆
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust's
Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden
that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest 1.________ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 2.________
(function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of
glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 3.________ (give) the inside plants
sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 4.________ (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 5.________ (walk) visitors through a
journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to
Britain for 6.________ first time. These plants included modern Western 7.________ (favourite)
such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides
visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for
visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands 8.________ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the
plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the
Silk Route 9.________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much
of the 10.________ (rich) of gardening in England.
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——社会与文化——中西方文化互鉴
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了英国“丝路花园”的整体设计以及其中新建成的玻璃温室。
1．答案与解析：engineering 非谓语动词。空处修饰空后的名词techniques，在句中
作定语，说明名词的作用，故填动名词engineering。此处表示“最新的设计制造技术”。
2．答案与解析：functional 形容词。空处与 protective 并列，修饰空后的名词
structure，应用形容词形式，故填functional“实用的”。句意：最新的工程技术被应用于
创建这种兼具保护性和功能性且还美观的结构。
3．答案与解析：to give 非谓语动词。空处所在句的谓语动词是open，空处应用非谓
语动词。根据语境可知此处表示目的，故填不定式to give。句意：在温暖的日子里，这些
萼片会打开以给内部植物(提供)阳光和新鲜空气。
4．答案与解析：closed 形容词。空前的stays作系动词，表示“保持”，空处作表语，
表示“关闭的”，故应用形容词closed。
5．答案与解析：walks 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在
句中作谓语。本句描述了the Silk Route Garden的客观情况，时态用一般现在时；此处时态
也可以根据下文中的“contains...guides...offers”判断；walk在此作动词，表示“(循序渐进
地)教，逐步引导”，与主语the Silk Route Garden之间为主动关系；主语表示第三人称单
数。所以填walks。
6．答案与解析：the 冠词。此处考查固定表达for the first time，意为“第一次”，所以填the。
7．答案与解析：favourites 名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处作动词included的宾
语，前面的 modern Western 为定语，所以此处应填名词；根据空后的举例“such as
rosemary, lavender and fennel”可知，空处表示复数概念。故填favourites。favourite在此处为
可数名词，表示“特别喜爱的事物”。
8．答案与解析：as 介词。结合语境“该玻璃温室作为当代设计的伟大成就而存在”
可知，空处需要填as。
9．答案与解析：that/which 定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先
行词为表示物的名词短语the Silk Route，关系词在从句中作主语，所以填that/which。
10．答案与解析：richness 名词。空处跟在定冠词the之后，且空后的of gardening对
空处进行限定，因此应填名词richness。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2024·南京、盐城高三模拟 应用文 259词 ★★☆☆☆
The Right Electric Bike for You
The bicycle fever is back, but this time it has gone electric. According to NPD Group which
tracks the bicycle industry, electric bike sales have more than doubled since 2019. And their
popularity is still on the rise. Confirm your need and pick the electric bike that's best for you.【语篇解读】 本文介绍了四款不同类型的电动自行车。
1．Which magazine is this text probably taken from?
A．Techlife News. B．Muscle & Fitness.
C．How It Works. D．Consumer Reports.
答案与解析：D 理解文章出处。根据首段“Confirm your need and pick the electric
bike that's best for you”可知，这篇文章是根据消费者的实际需求，分别从车型，功能和适用
人群进行详细客观的介绍，其根本目的是帮助消费者选择最适合的电动自行车，由此可推
断出这篇文章可能来自《消费者报告》，故D项正确。
2．Which is most suitable for someone who wants to challenge longrange tours?
A．Swagtron EB5. B．Specialized Turbo.
C．RadWagon 4. D．Ancheer EM.答案与解析：B 理解具体信息。根据 Specialized Turbo 部分中的“Riders who are
eager for more challenging cycling or want to extend the riding distance”可知，这款车型适合渴
望更具挑战性的骑行或想要延长骑行距离的骑行者，故B项正确。
3．What can we learn about the electric bikes?
A．Designs of electric bikes are based on travel purposes.
B．Electric bikes are more popular than conventional bikes.
C．Riders of these electric bikes put speed in the first place.
D．The trend of electric bikes replacing cars can't be prevented.
答案与解析：A 推断。根据首段中的“Confirm your need...that's best for you”以及
“WHAT'S IT FOR？”栏目中的内容可推断，电动自行车是基于出行目的设计的，且B、
C、D三项中的内容在文章中均未提及，故选A项。
B
2024·新课标Ⅱ卷，C 说明文 263词 ★★☆☆☆
We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went
through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer's
markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon MicroFarm (BMF) shortens it even
more.
BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a
larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort
to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.
Specifically, it's a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud,
BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real
time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to
grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each
plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new preseeded pod (容器) to get the
next growth cycle started.
Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions (排放)
from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other
chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.
BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or
bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage
cans and avoiding singleuse plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and
chemicals in our environment，” said a BMF employee.
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——科学与技术——BMF缩短食物到餐桌的
距离
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了一家旨在为人们提供新鲜食材的BMF公司。
4．What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1?
A．It guarantees the variety of food.
B．It requires daytoday care.
C．It cuts the farmtotable distance.
D．It relies on farmer's markets.
答案与解析：C 推断。根据第一段中的“However，most produce at the store went
through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table”和“BabylonMicroFarm (BMF) shortens it even more”可知，大部分商店的农产品要经历几周的运输并
跨越很长距离才能到达人们的餐桌。BMF公司大大缩短了这一过程。末句中的“it”代指前
文的“journey”，并和选项C中的“distance”构成同义词替换，故选C项。
5．What information does the convenient app offer?
A．Realtime weather changes.
B．Current condition of the plants.
C．Chemical pollutants in the soil.
D．Availability of preseeded pods.
答案与解析：B 理解具体信息。根据第三段中的“there is a convenient app that
provides growing data in real time”可知，有一个便捷的应用程序实时提供(植物的)生长数据，
这和B项的意思契合。
6．What can be concluded about BMF employees?
A．They have a great passion for sports.
B．They are devoted to community service.
C．They are fond of sharing daily experiences.
D．They have a strong environmental awareness.
答案与解析：D 推断。根据文章末段中对BMF公司员工的生活和工作情况的描述以
及 BMF 员工的自述“We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our
environment”可知，BMF员工们在日常生活中践行可持续发展，大约半数的员工走路或骑
自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶数量及避免使用一次性塑料的方式鼓励回
收利用及减少废物。他们都热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学物质。据此可以推断：
BMF公司的员工有着强烈的环保意识，故选D项。
7．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．BMF's major strengths.
B．BMF's general management.
C．BMF's global influence.
D．BMF's technical standards.
答案与解析：A 理解文章主旨要义。文章首段介绍BMF公司缩短了食物到餐桌的运
输过程，接着第二至四段介绍了BMF的创新设计系统及其优势，最后一段介绍了BMF员
工在生活和工作中践行可持续发展。综上所述，文章从各个方面凸显了BMF的优势。
黄金考点
语法填空——代词
考点27 根据上下文逻辑推断代词形式
They would say to ________ (I) that playing card games would help my
考例
brain. Still I was unwilling to play the game with them sometimes.
根据句意和后边的关键词to和提示词I可知，表示“我”，再根据
点拨
介词to应填me。
考点28 根据上下文判断代词的形式
考例 I had done ________ (mine) homework, but I was shy.
点拨 修饰名词homework作定语，应用形容词性物主代词my来修饰。
考点29 动词短语固定用法
考例 But she insists on us ________ (eat) healthy food.
由语境可知，是母亲关心家里的每个人的健康，坚持要我们吃健康
点拨
的食物。insist on sb. doing sth.或insist on sb's doing sth.是固定用法，故应填eating。
