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北京 101 中学 2019-2020 学年下学期初中八年级 6 月月考
英语试卷
一、单选。
1. He has a toothache. He should ________.
A. see a dentist B. drink hot tea with honey C. drink a lot of milk D. eat nothing
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：他牙疼。他应该看牙医。
考查动词短语。see a denist看牙医，drink hot tea with honey喝加蜂蜜的热茶，drink a lot of
milk喝很多牛奶，eat nothing什么都不吃。根据He has a toothache可知，他牙疼，因此要去看牙医，
故选A。
2. I often make breakfast ________ hardly ever do the dishes.
A. and B. but C. so D. or
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：我经常做早餐，但几乎不洗碗。
考查连词辨析。and并且；but但是；so因此；or否则。句中hardly ever表示“几乎不”，句中前后表示转
折，此处使用but，表示“我经常做早餐，但几乎不洗碗”。故选B。
3. You ____ be quiet when you are in the reading room.
A. should B. shouldn’t C. can D. can’t
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：当你在阅览室时，你应该安静。A. should 应该； B. shouldn’t 不应该； C. can 能； D.
can’t不能，不可能；根据when you are in the reading room可知 应该安静；故选A
【点睛】can能，会 can’t不能，不可能，通常用于否定句的推测；should应该，shouldn’t不应该；
may可以，可能，通常用于肯定句的推测， may not可能不；must必须，一定 mustn’t必须不能。情
态动词后接动词原形，变疑问句时把情态动词提前，变否定句在情态动词后加not 。must引导的一般疑问
句，表示必须时，否定回答用needn’t；may引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用can’t
4. —Could I use your computer?
—No, you ________. I need to work on it.
A. could B. couldn’t C. can D. can’t【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我可以用你的电脑么？——不，你不能。我需要在电脑上面工作。
考查一般疑问句的回答。could是can的过去式；can能够。“Could I use your computer”是客气的询问是
否可以使用电脑，回答用can或can’t。根据“No”可知是否定回答，此处用can’t。故选D。
5. Mary will clean her bedroom as soon as she ________ her homework.
A. finishes B. is finishing C. will finish D. finished
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：玛丽一做完作业就打扫卧室。
考查as soon as引导的时间状语从句。本句为as soon as引导的时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”，适
合主将从现原则。本题中主句为一般将来时，那么从句应为一般现在时。故选A。
6. He used to ________very late, but now he is used to __________early.
A. get up; getting up B. get up; get up
C. getting up; get up D. getting up; getting up
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：他过去起得很晚，但是现在习惯早起了。
考查used to/be used to的辨析，used to过去常常，跟动词原形；be used to+v-ing习惯于干某事，前句表示
“过去常常起的晚，下句表示习惯早起”。故选A。
7. We saw his sister ________ here at that moment.
A. plays B. played C. playing D. to play
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们看见他的姐姐那时候正在这里玩。
考查动词的现在分词。plays动词的第三人称单数；played动词的过去式；playing动词的现在分词；to play
动词不定式。根据“at that moment”可知此处表示看见某人正在做某事，用动词短语see sb. doing；此处用现
在分词playing作宾语补足语。故选C。
8. Jenny doesn’t exercise every day. ________.
A. So does Jim B. So Jim does C. Neither does Jim D. Neither Jim does
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：珍妮不是每天锻炼。吉姆也没有。考查倒装句。So does Jim吉姆也如此；So Jim does确实如此；Neither does Jim吉姆也不；Neither
Jim does错误搭配。根据题干中“Jenny doesn’t exercise every day.”可知表示否定，用neither开
头，排除AB；D项错误也排除。此处用“neither+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语”结构来表示“某人
也不”。故选C。
9. I ________ some clothes to the poor kids because they are too small for me.
A. take after B. hang out C. give away D. put off
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：我捐赠了一些衣服给贫困的孩子，因为它们对我来说太小了。
本题考查动词短语。take after与......相像，hang out闲逛，give away捐赠，put off推迟。根据
because they are too small for me.可知，这些衣服对我来说太小了，因此我把它们捐给了贫困的孩
子。故选C。
10. You look too tired. Why not ________ a rest?
A. stop to have B. to stop having C. stop having D. stopping to have
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：你看上去很累，为什么不休息一下？
考查动词不定式。表示“为什么不做某事”用“why not+动词原形”的结构，表示“停下来做另一件事”用
stop to do的结构。此处表示“停下来休息”用stop to have a rest。C选项stop doing表示“停止正在做的事
情”。故选A。
11. We were eating dinner in the kitchen ________ we heard the news on the radio.
A. since B. although C. while D. when
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：当我们从收音机里听到这个消息时，我们正在厨房吃晚饭。
考查连词辨析。since自从……；although尽管；while当……时；when当……时。结合选项可知此处
是个主从复合句，主句表示过去正在进行的动作；从句表示过去发生的单一动作，由此可知要用when引
导时间状语从句，表示当某一动作发生时，另一动作正在进行。故选D。
12. Judy with her brother ________ computer games when her mother came back.
A. were playing B. are playing C. was playing D. is playing
【答案】C
【解析】【详解】句意：当朱迪的母亲回来的时候，朱迪和她的弟弟一起正在玩电脑游戏。
考查主谓一致和动词的时态。were playing动词的过去进行时，主语是复数；are playing动词的现在进行时，
主语是复数；was playing动词的过去进行时，主语是单数；is playing动词的现在进行时，主语是单数。根
据“when her mother came back”可知此处表示过去的时间正在发生的事，用过去进行时。当用作主语的成分
后面跟有由with引出的短语时，谓语动词习惯上要与前面的主语保持一致。此处动词与Judy保持一致，
用was playing。故选C。
13. Some word puzzles in this book are ________ difficult that ________ students can solve them.
A. such; few B. such; little C. so; few D. so; little
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：这本书中有些字谜太难了，几乎没有学生能解出来。
考查固定句式及形容词辨析。such+a/an+单数名词+that+从句“如此……以至于……”，so+形容词/副词
+that+从句“如此……以至于……”。此处修饰形容词difficult，故用副词so，排除A、B两项。few很少
的，修饰可数名词；little很少的，修饰不可数名词。此处修饰可数名词students，故用few。故选C。
14. ________ you listen, ________ you’ll study.
A. More careful; better B. More carefully; the better
C. The more carefully; the better D. Carefully; the best
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：你听得越仔细，你学习得越好。
考查比较级。careful仔细的；carefully仔细地；better更好；best最好。此处表示“越……越……”用“the 比
较级，the 比较级”。修饰动词listen用副词carefully，比较级是more carefully;修饰动词study用副词
well，比较级是better。故选C。
15. You must remember ________ yesterday.
A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say
C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：你一定记住你妈妈昨天说的话。
考查宾语从句。根据句子结构，可知，此句是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，结构为：疑问词+主语+谓语
+宾语，根据yesterday可知，此处用一般过去时，故选A。
二、完形填空。A
Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. As a mountain climber, Aron is
used to taking risks. This is one of the exciting things about doing dangerous sports. There were many times when
Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. On April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very ___16___ situation
when climbing in Utah.
On that day, Aron’s arm was caught under a 360-Kilo rock that ____17____ on him when he was climbing by
himself in the mountains. ____18____ he could not free his arm, he stayed there for five days and hoped that
someone would find him. But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to ____19____
his own life. He wasn’t ready to die that day. So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm. Then, with his left
arm, he bandaged himself so that he wouldn’t lose too much ____20____. After that, he climbed down the
mountain to find help.
After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. This means being in a difficult
situation that you can’t seem to get out of. In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good ___21___,
and of being in control of one’s life. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains
even after this experience.
16. A. dangerous B. exciting C. surprising D. disappointing
17. A. put B. carried C. fell D. thrown
18. A. Because B. When C. If D. Although
19. A. live B. save C. protect D. honor
20. A. strength B. energy C. blood D. time
21. A. plans B. resolutions C. models D. decisions
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. C 21. D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了登山爱好者阿伦.罗斯顿在一次登山中发生了意外，他失去了胳膊。在失去
胳膊后，他写了一本书叫做《进退两难》，这本书中他讲述了做出正确决定的重要性以及控制自己的生活
的重要性。
【16题详解】
句意：2003年4月26日，他在犹他州登山时发现自己处于非常危险的境地。
dangerous危险的；exciting兴奋的；surprising惊讶的；disappointing失望的。根据下文“Aron’s arm was
caught under a 360-Kilo rock that _______ on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains”可知，他
在爬山时，胳膊被一块360公斤重的岩石压住了，故他发现自己处于危险的境地。故选A。
【17题详解】句意：那天，Aron的胳膊被他在独自登山时掉落在身上的一块儿360公斤重的石头压在底下。
put放；carried搬动；fell落下；thrown扔。根据语境可知，那块石头是在他独自爬山时掉落到他身上的。
故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：因为他的胳膊不能自由活动，他在那里呆了五天，希望有人能发现他。
Because因为，表原因；When当……时；If如果，表条件；Although尽管，表让步。上文“他的胳膊不能
自由活动”和下文“他在那待了五天”之间是因果关系，前者为因，后者为果，故应用连词because表原
因。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：但是当他的水用完了，他知道他必须做些什么来拯救自己的生命。
live居住；save拯救；protect保护；honor荣誉。根据下文“He wasn’t ready to die that day”可知，他知道
得做点什么来拯救自己的生命。故选B。
【20题详解】
句意：然后，他用左臂给自己包扎，以免失血过多。
strength力量；energy能量；blood血；time时间。根据上文“So he used his knife to cut off half his right
arm”可知，他砍断了自己的右臂，所以用左臂包扎，以免失血过多。故选C。
【21题详解】
句意：在这本书中，阿伦讲述了做出正确决定以及掌控自己生活的重要性。
plans计划；resolutions解决；models模型；decisions决定。根据文章内容可知，阿伦在爬山过程中受困时，
他砍断了自己的右臂，拯救了自己的生命，因此他做出了正确的决定，故在这本书中，阿伦讲述了做出正
确决定的重要性。故选D。
B
Some people say that childhood is the best time of your life.___22___, being a child has both advantages and
disadvantages.
On the good side, you have very few responsibilities. For example, you don’t have to go to ___23___, pay
bills, or do the shopping, cooking, or cleaning. This ___24___ you have plenty of free time to do whatever you
want — watch TV, play on the computer, go out with friends, play sports, or enjoy other ___25___. On top of that,
public transport, cinema, and sports centers ___26___much less for children. All in all, being a child is an exciting
time in life.
However, there are also some disadvantages. For one thing, you have to spend all day, Monday to Friday, at
school. Studying usually means you have to do homework, and you have to take ____27____. What’s more, you
may have a lot of free time, but you are seldom ___28___ to do whatever you want. You usually have to ask yourparents if you can do things, from going shopping in town to staying out late or going to a party. Last of all,
___29___ there are often cheaper prices for children, things are still expensive — and parents are not always
generous with pocket money. There’s never enough to do everything you want. The ___30___ is that sometimes
there’s not enough to do anything at all!
To sum up, although some people see childhood as the best time in life, I think that children have no real
choice or money. Nevertheless (虽然如此), it is ____31____ that choice and money bring responsibilities — which
increase with age.
22. A. Besides B. However C. Instead D. Moreover
23. A. work B. school C. church D. market
24. A. proves B. seems C. means D. explains
25. A. trips B. hobbies C. visits D. chores
26. A. care B. waste C. cost D. hurt
27. A. seats B. exams C. action D. notice
28. A. taught B. invited C. allowed D. advised
29. A. unless B. when C. because D. although
30. A. life B. lesson C. trouble D. reality
31. A. right B. true C. easy D. good
【答案】22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B
【解析】
人们都说童年是人生中最美好的时光，但做一个孩子也是既有好的一面，也有不好的一面。短文中给我们
介绍这些优点和缺点。
【22题详解】
句意：然而，作为一个孩子既有优点也有缺点。
Besides此外，而且；However然而；Instead相反地；Moreover而且。上句话“Some people say that
childhood is the best time of your life.”说到童年是最美好的时光，而这句话说有优点也有缺点，前后位转折
关系，故选B。
【23题详解】
句意：例如，你不必去上班、支付账单、购物、做饭或打扫卫生。
work工作；school上学；church教堂；market市场。根据常识可知，作为一个小孩，不用去上班。故选
A。
【24题详解】
句意：这意味着你有足够的时间做你想做的事情——看电视，玩电脑，和朋友出去，做运动，或享受其他爱好。
proves证明；seems好像；means意味着；意思是；explains解释。根据语境“For example, you don’t have to
go to … pay bills, or do the shopping, cooking, or cleaning.”可知，因为你不用去……，这就意味着你有足够
的时间，C选项符合语境，故选C。
【25题详解】
句意：这意味着你有足够的时间做你想做的事情——看电视，玩电脑，和朋友出去，做运动，或享受其他
爱好。
trips旅行；hobbies爱好；visits参观；拜访；chores杂务，杂活。根据句意可知，破折号后解释的是
whatever you want“你想做的事情”，这些都是你喜欢做的，所以hobbies符合语境，故选B。
【26题详解】
句意：最重要的是，公共交通、电影院和体育中心对儿童的花费要低得多。
care关心，在意；waste浪费；cost花费；hurt伤害。根据下文“Last of all, … there are often cheaper prices
for children, things are still expensive”可知，对于孩子来说，很多花费都比较低。cost符合语境，故选C。
【27题详解】
句意：学习通常意味着你要做作业，你要参加考试。
seats座位；exams考试；action行动；notice通知，布告。根据常识可知，学生们学习就要写作业、参加考
试。故选B。
【28题详解】
句意：更重要的是，你可能有很多空闲时间，但你很少被允许做任何你想做的事。
taught教；invited邀请；allowed允许；advised建议。根据下句话“You usually have to ask your parents if
you can do things”可知，你想做事情的话，需要征求父母的同意，得到父母的允许。因此这里考查allow
sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”这一句型。故选C。
【29题详解】
句意：最后，虽然给孩子的价格通常比较便宜，但东西还是很贵——而且父母在零用钱方面并不总是慷慨
的。
unless除非，如果不；when当……时候；because因为；although虽然，尽管。根据句意可知，空后“there
are often cheaper prices for children”与后半句“things are still expensive”是转折的关系，这里应用although
引导让步状语从句。故选D。
【30题详解】
句意：问题是，有时候根本就没有足够的零花钱去做任何事！
life生活；lesson课，教训；trouble麻烦，问题；reality现实。根据空后“…sometimes there’s not enough to
do anything at all!”可知，没有足够的零花钱去做自己想做的事情，这是孩子们经常面对的一个问题。故选C。
【31题详解】
句意：然而，选择和金钱确实带来了责任，而责任随着年龄的增长而增加。
right正确的；true真的，真实的；easy容易的；good好的。根据句意可知，这句话作者告诉我们的是事实，
这里考查句型It is true that…，“……是真的”。故选B。
三、阅读理解。
A
Exchange Students’ Experience
Name: Susan Lane Exchange Country: Iceland
I think it was a turning point in my life. I began to understand more about
my own culture by experiencing a different culture in this country.
Name: Sara Small Exchange Country: Germany
I enjoyed this trip. I found German people were not as serious as I thought
before. Although I made a lot of German friends, I still missed my family
and friends in Australia.
Name: David Links Exchange Country: Australia
I wanted to try something that was very different from Australia in culture.
In Australia everything was different, but I soon got used to it.
Name: Tom Jennings Exchange Country: France
There were some challenges (挑战), but I liked them, experiencing a
different culture. You just have to face each situation as it comes.
32. Where did Susan Lane study?A. In Iceland. B. In Germany. C. In Australia. D. In France.
33. Who made a lot of friends in Germany?
A. Susan Lane. B. Sara Small. C. David Links. D. Tom Jennings.
34. How many students talk about their exchange experience?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
【答案】32. A 33. B 34. D
【解析】
本文主要是四个留学生分别介绍了他们在不同的国家的留学经历。
【32题详解】
细节理解题，根据文中第一个方框中的语句“Exchange Country: Iceland”理解可知，是在冰岛学习，
故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题，根据文中第二个方框中的语句“Although I made a lot of German friends,”理解可知，
可知是莎拉，故选B。
【34题详解】
篇章结构题，通读全文，可知每个框介绍了一个交换生的经历，共有四个框，可知是四个学生，故选D。
B
A Special Card
“Attention, everyone!” Miss Dalrymple looked at her class of ten-year-olds. “Today we are going to create a
special card for Father’s Day, which falls on this weekend.” Then she busied herself handing out the paper and art
materials to her noisy pupils.
They were a mixed punch. Some came from the rich side of the town, but the majorities（大部分）were from
parents who struggled to get jobs. So she had not been eager to carry out this activity.
“Think about all the things that your dad does that makes him special,” she said loudly as she came up to the
last table. “You can write a poem or short story that makes your dad special. The written part of this activity should
be completed before you start to decorate your card.”
Andrew looked at the blank page. He had never met, spoken to, or been hugged by his dad, so how could he
write about him? Once when he was looking in his grandma’s photo box, he had seen an old black and white photo
but it was badly creased (弄皱) and difficult to recognize any clear features（特点）. Grandma had quickly taken
it from him and buried it deeply among the rest, never to be found again. After thinking for a while, he wrote:
Dear Dad,You are a person I do not know and would probably not recognize as I only saw an old photo of you a long
time ago. I think and wonder about you often, especially when I have no one to talk to. One day when I grow up I
will do an Internet search to find you, but I am not sure whether I will be successful as several efforts by the Child
Support Agency have not been successful.
Happy Father’s Day, Dad.
Love,
Andrew
35. Miss Dalrymple asks her students to _______.
A. make a special card for their fathers B. hand out the paper and the art materials
C. carry out a school activity on this weekend D. try a celebration plan for the coming Father’s Day
36. Andrew had difficulty in finishing the task because _______.
A. he and his grandma didn’t like his father B. he forgot all the things his father did
C. his father was not a real person D. he had never seen his father
37. What can we learn from Andrew’s letter?
A. Andrew is eager to meet his father. B. Andrew’s father has been dead.
C. Andrew is sure of finding his father. D. Andrew’s father can’t recognize him.
【答案】35. A 36. D 37. A
【解析】
文章大意：本文主要讲述了在手工课上老师给同学们布置作业要大家做一个特殊的卡片作为父亲节的礼物，
安德鲁从没见过自己的爸爸，他很思念他，于是写了一封信希望可以找到他。
【35题详解】
句意：. Miss Dalrymple让她的学生们为他们的父亲制作一张特殊的卡片。
本题是细节理解题，根据文章第一段第一、二行“Today we are going to create a special card for Father’s Day,
which falls on this weekend.”可知，老师让学生给父亲制作特殊的卡片，故答案选A。
【36题详解】
句意：Andrew很难完成任务因为他从来没见过他的父亲。
本题是细节理解题，根据文章第四段第一行He had never met, spoken to, or been hugged by his dad可知，
“Andrew从没有见过、和父亲说过话、拥抱过”可知，他没见过他的父亲，故答案选D。
【37题详解】
句意：从Andrew的信中我们可以学到什么？—Andrew渴望见到他的父亲。
本题是段落概括题，根据文章第五段第三、四行One day when I grow up I will do an Internet search to find
you, but I am not sure whether I will be successful as several efforts by the Child Support Agency have not beensuccessful可知，Andrew想见到他的父亲，故答案选A。
C
Human Don’t Come too Close
Frequent touching from humans may
change plants’ genes and slow their
growth.
When we see babies or pets, we can’t help gently touching them to show our love. And they give us happy
feelings back. But a recent study shows that it’s different for plants.
A study, published in The Plant Journal, shows that plants don’t “like” to be touched. That’s because touching
changes their genes (基因) and, even worse, can slow their growth.
Professor Jim Whelan of the La Trobe Institute in Australia gave an explanation. “The lightest touch from a
human, animal, insect, or even plants touching each other in the wind, leads to a huge gene change in the plant,”
Science Daily reported.
In order to test the theory, the scientists did an experiment on plants. They grew a number of plants to the age
of four weeks. Then they touched them with a paintbrush every 12 hours over a 36-hour period.
They found that as a response to the touch, the mitochondria (线粒体) in the plants had been partly destroyed.
The mitochondria, as Science Alert noted, are the “powerhouse of the cell (细胞)”. The mitochondria produce
energy for the rest of the cell in both animals and plants.
If this “powerhouse” is weakened, the plants will lose a large amount of energy that should have supported
their growth. Whelan further explained to Science Daily, “If the touching is repeated, then plant growth is reduced
by up to 30 percent.”Although the process does have a strong effect on plants, usually the plants survive. Touching changes the
plants, but it’s not necessarily a bad change.
According to Science Alert, frequent touching or moving plants will make them grow shorter than other ones.
The researchers believe this change, in some way, could be helpful. It may help plants fight threats to their health
such as insects and bad weather.
The new research findings have led to a deeper understanding of the plants’ response to touching. And the
research might “open up new ways to reduce sensitivity (敏感性) and improve growth in the future”, Science Alert
reported.
38. Why did the scientists do the experiment?
A. To test if touching can change the genes of plants.
B. To show that plants’ and animals’ genes are different.
C. To tell when touching has effect on plants and animals.
D. To find out why some plants grow more slowly than others.
39. What did the scientists find in their experiment?
A. Repeated touching shortened the plants’ life by four weeks.
B. Touching slowed down plant growth by reducing energy for growth.
C. Repeated touching made plants die sooner than they were expected to.
D. Mitochondria in the plants couldn’t produce energy because of touching.
40. What do the scientists think of the fact that touch makes plants become shorter?
A. The plants will be more likely to be attracted by insects.
B. The plants will be more easily harmed by bad weather.
C. The plants will be less sensitive to being touched.
D. The plants will be better at fighting dangers.
【答案】38. A 39. B 40. D
【解析】
文章大意：文章介绍的是科学家们通过实验证明一个理论—植物不喜欢被人触摸，以及理论依据。
【38题详解】
句意：科学家为什么做这个实验？—为了测试触摸是否能改变植物的基因。
本题是细节理解题，根据文章第二段第二行That’s because touching changes their genes (基因) and, even
worse, can slow their growth和第四段第一行In order to test the theory, the scientists did an experiment on plants
可知，科学家做这个实验是为了测试触摸是否能改变植物的基因，故答案选A。
【39题详解】
句意：科学家在他们的实验中发现了什么？—触摸会降低植物的生长能量，从而减缓植物的生长。本题是细节理解题，根据文章第二段第二行That’s because touching changes their genes (基因) and, even
worse, can slow their growth和第六段第三行“If the touching is repeated, then plant growth is reduced by up to 30
percent.”可知，“触碰会降低植物生长能量从而减缓生长”故答案选B。
【40题详解】
句意：科学家们如何看待触摸使植物变短的事实？—这些植物更善于和危险作斗争。
本题是细节理解题，根据文章第八段第二、三行in some way, could be helpful. It may help plants fight threats
to their health such as insects and bad weather可知，“植物更善于战胜危险”故答案选D。
D
What does the word “patent (专利权)” mean to you? Does it interest you? If it does stop and think a moment
about some of the common things that you use every day: the telephone, radio, television, and the thousands of
other things that enrich our lives today, were once only ideas in the minds of men. If it had not been possible to
patent their ideas, so as to protect them from being copied, these inventions might never have been fully developed
to serve human beings.
If there were no patent protection, there would be little encouragement to invent, for once the secrets of an
invention became known, those who did not experience the inventor’s risks and expenses (花费) might well fill the
market with their copies of his product and steal much of the benefit (益处) of his efforts.
The most basic values in the U. S. patent system came from England. During the rule of Queen Elizabeth I in
England, the growing technology was furthered by the giving of exclusive privileges (独家特权) to people who had
invented new processes (程序) or tools—a step that did much to encourage creativity. Later, an important value was
added: society had everything to gain and nothing to lose by giving exclusive privileges to an inventor, because a
patent for an invention was given for something new that society never had before.
George Washington signed the first patent law on April 10, 1790, and less than four months later, the first
patent was given to a man named Samuel Hopkins for a chemical process, an improved method in soap making.
In 1936, the Patent Office became a separate department and it has grown into an organization of over 2,500
people who every week deal with more than 1,600 patent applications, and of those, give more than 1,000. A patent
may be given for any new and useful process, machine, or planning method.
The patent system has also helped to improve the pay of the American worker to an unexpected level; he can
produce and earn more by using computers or adding machines, two important patented inventions. Patented
inventions also help keep prices down by encouraging competition.
Our patent laws, like the Constitution from which they grew, have stood the test of time. They have
encouraged creative processes, brought great benefits to society as a whole, and enabled American technology to
outstrip that of the rest of the modern world.41. From the passage, what can we learn about inventors?
A. They make a lot of money.
B. They fight against copiers.
C. They have a lot of experience.
D. They put effort into inventions.
42. Why were inventors given exclusive privileges?
A. Because their inventions made leaders happy.
B. Because their creativity is very important.
C. Because their inventions could enlarge society.
D. Because they were the smartest people in society.
43. According to the passage, the patent system is good for America because ________.
A. it helps more workers get jobs
B. it provides a first-class service
C. it produces less expensive things
D. it helps inventors find markets
44. What is the meaning of “outstrip” in the last paragraph?
A. be better than B. catch up with C. make better use of D. cost more than
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. C 44. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文，文章讲述专利权以及给发明者授予独家特权是为了保护发明者的努力，鼓励他们的创造
力，同时有益于生产更多廉价的产品，给社会带来极大的益处。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“the inventor’s risks and expenses”及“his efforts”可知发明者为发明付出了努力。故
选D。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“the growing technology was furthered by the giving of exclusive privileges to people
who had invented new processes or tools—a step that did much to encourage creativity”给发明者独家特权是为了
鼓励创造性，说明创造力很重要。故选B。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The patent system has also helped to improve the pay of the American worker to
an unexpected level; he can produce and earn more by using computers or adding machines, two important
patented inventions. Patented inventions also help keep prices down by encouraging competition”专利系统对美国人有好处，提高工人的收入，可以生产更多赚得更多，可以鼓励竞争，降低价格，可知可以生产出更便宜
的东西。故选C。
【44题详解】
词义猜测题。此处是“American technology”美国的技术与“of the rest of the modern world”现代世界的其余
部分进行比较；根据“They have encouraged creative processes, brought great benefits to society as a whole”可知
outstrip表示“更好，胜过”，相当于be better than。故选A。
四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Our views towards life change over the time. When I was around five years old, I was in a car accident. At that
time, I did not realize the seriousness of it and how lucky I was to still be alive. As I look back to think what
happened on that night, I now realize how lucky my family members and I were to not have gotten serious injuries.
The day of the accident started out great. My brother, Troy, and I had spent the night before at JoAnn’s house,
with Heather, and JoAnn’s husband Gary. The next day we spent playing inside the house, because it was cold,
windy and rainy outside. At night, JoAnn told us we were going out and that where we were going was a surprise.
The five of us climbed into an old car, and we set off for our surprise. It was still cold, windy, and raining cats and
dogs outside when we left. Troy, Heather and I sat in the backseat together happily. The next thing I knew was that
everything was chaos (混乱)! The road was so slick (滑的) that the car lost control. Glass was flying everywhere,
and it sounded like there was noise all around us. Then it was totally quiet, except for the sound of the rain and
wind. Troy, Heather and I were all lying on top of one another. The three of us were crying, not knowing what had
happened. JoAnn and Gary were trying to calm (使平静) us down and kept asking us if we were all right. Luckily,
none of us was injured, just a few cuts. After that I only remember sitting there in the cold, dark night waiting for
Gary to get back with people to help us. We never got to the surprise that night. But at least we were able to go
home in one piece.
After my brother and I got home that night, I remember my parents let us stay up as long as we wanted to. I
guess my parents were realizing just how close they came to losing us that night. As I think of the tragedy (悲剧)
that could have happened on that night, I realize how precious (宝贵) life is. I treasure my family and friends, and
hope that we will share a loving, caring, and rewarding lifetime together. Things seldom go the way I plan them to,
but I take a deep breath, try to laugh, and make the best of it.
45. Did the accident happen at night?
____________________________________________________
46. What was the weather like when the accident happened?
____________________________________________________
47. How did the accident happen?____________________________________________________
48. What was the writer doing when Gary asked for help?
____________________________________________________
49. What is the passage mainly about?
____________________________________________________
【答案】45. Yes./Yes, it did.
46. It was cold, windy and rainy.
47. The road was so slick that the car lost control.
48. He/She was sitting in the cold, dark night.
49. A car accident and the writer’s view towards life after it.
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者年幼时发生了一场车祸。在经历过车祸之后，作者懂得了生命的珍贵，
开始珍惜家人、朋友，并希望能够分享爱和关怀，对生活有了新的态度。
【45题详解】
根据第一段“When I was around five years old, I was in a car accident…As I look back to think what happened
on that night…”可知，作者大约5岁时发生了一场车祸，当他回顾那天晚上发生了什么事时才意识到自己
是有多么幸运，故可知车祸发生在晚上。故答案为Yes./Yes, it did.
46题详解】
根据第二段“It was still cold, windy, and raining cats and dogs outside when we left”可知，当我们离开时外面
很冷，刮着风，下着倾盆大雨，故事故发生时的天气是很冷，有雨，有风的。故答案为It was cold, windy
and rainy.
【47题详解】
根据第二段“The road was so slick (滑的) that the car lost control. Glass was flying everywhere, and it sounded
like there was noise all around us”可知，道路很滑，车子失去了控制，最终导致了车祸的发生。故答案为
The road was so slick that the car lost control.
【48题详解】
根据第二段“After that I only remember sitting there in the cold, dark night waiting for Gary to get back with
people to help us”可知，Gary 在寻求帮助的时候，作者正坐在寒冷的、漆黑的夜里等待着。故答案
为He/She was sitting in the cold, dark night.
【49题详解】
根据第一段“Our views towards life change over the time”及最后一段“As I think of the tragedy (悲剧) that
could have happened on that night, I realize how precious(宝贵) life is. I treasure my family and friends, and hopethat we will share a loving, caring, and rewarding lifetime together”可知，本文主要讲述了作者在发生事故之
后懂得了生命的珍贵，开始珍惜家人、朋友，并希望能够分享爱和关怀，对生活有了新的态度。故答案为
A car accident and the writer’s view towards life after it.
五、语法填空。
50. Bus No. 26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man ________ (lie) on the side of the
road.
【答案】lying
【解析】
【详解】句意：26路公共汽车正沿着中华路行驶，这时司机看见一位老人躺在路边。see sb doing sth
看见某人正在做某事，因此用lie的现在分词，故填lying。
51. You helped to make ________ possible for me to have Lucky.
【答案】it
【解析】
【详解】句意：在你的帮助下，我拥有幸运成为可能。本题考查make it+形容词+for sb to do sth句式，其
中it作形式宾语，to do不定式作真正的宾语，即我拥有幸运成为可能。故答案为it。
52. She talked to Animal Helpers about getting me a special ________ (train) dog.
【答案】trained
【解析】
【详解】句意：她和动物救助中心说要给我一只经过特殊训练的狗。“train”训练，动词。根据语境可知，
此处应用其形容词形式trained训练过的，作定语修饰名词dog，即受过训练的狗。故填trained。
53. "What happened?" she asked ________ surprise.
【答案】in
【解析】
【详解】句意：“发生了什么事？”她惊讶地问。
根据题干中“she asked ____ surprise”可推出此处用in surprise表示“惊讶地”，介词短语在句中作
状语。故答案为in。
54. It is the parents’ job ________ (provide) a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.
【答案】to provide
【解析】
【详解】句意：在家里给孩子提供一个干净舒适的环境是父母的工作。It's the parents' job to do sth.
做某事是父母的工作，此处it是形式主语，to do sth是真正主语，故填to privide。
55. The ________ (early) kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.【答案】earlier
【解析】
【详解】句意：孩子越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。
“early”早的，形容词。本句为“the+比较级+主语+谓语+其他, the+比较级+主语+谓语+其他”句式，故空
格处应用所给单词的比较级earlier，即孩子越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。故答案为earlier。
56. ________ it’s normal to want successful children, it’s even more important to have happy children.
【答案】Although/Though
【解析】
【详解】句意：虽然想要成功的孩子很正常，但更重要的是想要快乐的孩子。结合句意，前半句表示“想
要成功的孩子很正常”，后半句表示“更重要的是想要快乐的孩子”，前后表示让步关系，故填
Although/Though。
57. People shouldn’t push their kids so ________ (hard).
【答案】hard
【解析】
【详解】句意：人们不应该把孩子们逼得那么紧。“hard”困难的/猛烈地，形容词/副词。空格前so修饰
形容词或副词，故此处应用其副词形式hard修饰动词push。故填hard。
58. Most Americans remember what they were doing ________ the World Trade Center in New York was taken
down by terrorists.
【答案】when
【解析】
【详解】句意：大部分美国人都记得当纽约的世贸中心被恐怖分子毁坏时他们正在做什么。根据“Most
Americans remember what they were doing”及“the World Trade Center in New York was taken down by
terrorists”，可知，大部分美国人都记得当纽约的世贸中心被恐怖分子毁坏时他们正在做什么，空格处缺
“当……时”的英文。when和while都表示“当……时”，when引导的从句可与持续性动词或短暂性动词
一起连用，while只能与持续性动词一起连用，从句“take down”是短暂性动词，故答案为when。
59. She remembers ________ (work) in her office near the two towers.
【答案】working
【解析】
【详解】句意：她记得自己双子塔附近的办公室工作。remember doing sth 记得做过某事，故填
working。
六、文段表达。
从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目一
60. 随着外国游客日益增多，国家博物馆正在选拔部分中学生在假期里作为志愿者为游客提供英文讲
解服务。假如你是李华，请你用英文写一份自荐信，向博物馆的负责人推荐自己。请你在信中简单介绍自
己的能力与优势，并说明自己希望成为志愿者的原因。
提示问题：
1. What qualities or skills do you have to be a volunteer in National Museum?
2. Why do you want to become a volunteer in National Museum?
提示词语：outgoing, be good at, free time, improve...
Dear Sir/Madam,
My name is Li Hua.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】例文：
Dear Sir/Madam,
My name is Li Hua. I'm a middle school student. I am writing to you to apply for the volunteer work. I have
read the requirements that you have listed, and I am confident that I have the qualification of serving as a volunteer
in National Museum. I have a good command of English, and the great interest in culture. I am eager to spend my
free time improving my Spoken English. I’m an outgoing girl. I am good at communication, and willing to
contribute myself to helping the others. I promise to do the best and provide the most pleasing service.
If I am considered qualified of being the volunteer please call me at 123-4567. I’m looking forward to yourreply. Thank you for your consideration.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】题干解读：该题目属于书信写作。在写作时应紧接文章开头继续写作，根据内容提示介绍自己的
能力和优势，说明自己希望成为志愿者的原因。
写作指导：本文建议主要用第一人称进行写作，主要采用一般现在时态。重点介绍自己的能力和优势，注
意叙述完整且条理清晰。
题目二
61. 在疫情期间，每位同学都经历了一段独特的上课体验——“网络学习”。在这段过程中你肯定也能
切身体会到网络学习的优势与劣势。那么你更喜欢网络学习还是在校上课呢?请以“Study Online or Study at
School”为题，选择你喜欢的上课方式，并陈述你的理由。
提示问题：
1. Do you think it is a good idea to study online?
2. What’s the reason for your choice?
提示词语：prefer, convenient, communicate, lonely...
Study Online or Study at School
In the past few weeks, we studied online at home instead of going to school. It was an unusual experience.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________
【答案】例文
Study Online or Study at School
In the past few weeks, we studied online at home instead of going to school. It was an unusual experience.For some students, they like studying online, because it’s more convenient. They don’t have to get up early to
avoid the rush hour. The time saved can be used to do other effective things.
However, in my opinion, studying online all the time is not a good idea. First of all, it’s bad for our eyes to
stare at the screen all the time. Second, we may feel lonely when we study alone at home. We need to communicate
more with our classmates or teachers. Finally, I don’t think it’s convenient for students to ask teachers questions
through internet. After all, only face-to-face communication is the most effective.
Therefore, I prefer studying at school to studying online.
【解析】
【详解】题干解读：本文是一篇话题作文，要求以“Study Online or Study at School”为题写一篇议论文，
阐述自己喜欢的上课方式并给出理由。
写作指导：文章主要采用第三人称展开论述，时态以一般现在时为主。文章分为四段：第一段交代背景，
表示大家经历了上网课的几周；第二段阐述有些学生喜欢网课的原因；第三段阐述自己的观点，认为一直
上网课不是一个好主意，并给出三个理由；最后一段表明比起上网课，自己更愿意去学校上学。文章层次
分明、逻辑清晰、论证有力。本试卷的题干、答案和解析均由组卷网（http://zujuan.xkw.com）专业教师团队编校出品。
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