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专题 02 动词之主谓一致
（解析版）
三年真题
1. 【2022·全国新高考I卷】 The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that
(be)previously unprotected
2. 【2022·全国新高考I卷】 The GPNP ___ __ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the
authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems.
3. 【2022·浙江】But Cobb and others ________ （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to
provide more chances to participate remotely
4. 【2021·全国甲卷】The Xi'an City Wall _____ (build) originally to protect the city during the Tang
dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
5. 【2022·新高考II卷】One of the biggest companies I wrote to _______ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
6. 【2021·浙江】In cities, however, the gain ______ (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men.
7. 【2020·天津】A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________
in favour of the proposal on health care reform.
A．is B．are C．was D．were
8. 【2020·天津】The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level
ever since.
A．are remaining B．have remained
C．is remaining D．has remained
9. 【2020·全国 I 卷】＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University,
says, ＂because it 1 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon
2 (construct)＂
10. 【2020·全国 II 卷】This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers (carry) special
significance.考频统计
在2020-2022年三年高考真题中，主谓一致的考查频率统计如下：
考点 考频 出处
【2022·全国新高考I卷】【2022·新高考II卷】【2022·浙江】
主谓一致 10次 【2021·全国甲卷】【2021·浙江】【2020·天津】
【2020·全国I卷】【2020·全国II卷】
考点清单
主谓一致指主语和谓语在数上的一致关系。我们从三个原则来讨论：语法一致、意义一致和邻近一致原则。
一、语法一致
主语 谓语动词 例句
and、both... 指不同的人或物 复数 Both coffee and beer are sold in the store.
and...连接的
The writer and teacher is quite popular among the
指同一个人或物 单数
并列成分 students.
主语是each, every, either, Each of the boys has a pencil-box.
单数
neither, none或由这些词修饰 Every desk and chair is new.
主语为many a/more than
单数 Many a student hopes to reduce homework.
one+单数可数名词
主语由shorts, shoes, trousers等 His glasses are on the shelf.
两部分组成；但有pair等单位， 复数
There is a pair of shoes under the bed.
与单位一致
主语为不可数名词 单数 There is a lot of water in the jar.
有单位修饰的不可数名词 与单位一致 Three cups of water are on the table.
单个的不定式、 To say something is usually easier than to do
单数
动名词或从句 something.
不定式、动
and连接的不定
复数
Swimming in summer and skating in winter are my
名词及从句 式、动名词 hobbies.
what引导的主语 根据主语 What we need are experienced workers.
从句 意义而定 What we need is money.
“one of+可数名
词复数”作先行 复数 He is one of the pupils who were praised.
词时
定语从句
“the only one
of+可数名词复 单数 He is the only one of the pupils who was praised.
数”作先行词时
就远原则
主语后接
与主语一致 He as well as his friends likes the film.
(together/along)with, as well as,
rather than,
except, besides, The girls with their mother have come.
but, like,
including等
主语为a/this/many kind(s) of;或 和of前 This kind of computer sells well.
名词接of this kind 的词一致 Computers of this kind sell well.
主语为a lot of/plenty of/most 和of后
Half of the apples are rotten.
of/the rest of/half of接名词 的词一致
二、意义一致
主语 谓语动词 例句
主语为复数形式单数意义，如
单数 Physics doesn’t interest me.
maths,physics等
people,police,cattle等 复数 The police have caught the criminal.
集体名词 family, class表整体 单数 The class has 45 students.
family, class表成员 复数 His family are all fond of football.
两个人/事共用一个”-s”表示共有 单数 Mary and Jane’s room is clean and tidy.
主语为“the+形容词”表示一类人 复数 The poor are to be helped.
a number of+可数名词复数 复数 A number of workers have recently left the company.
the number of+可数名词复数 单数 The number of the unemployed is still increasing.
表示时间、距离、重量、金额等复
单数 Three years is not a long time.
数名词表整体
三、邻近一致原则（就近原则）
主语 谓语动词 例句
由
跟靠近的
or,either...or...,neither...nor...,not...but. Not only we but also the teacher is wrong.
主语一致
..,not only...but also...等连接主语
跟靠近的
There/Here be句型 There is a pen and two pencils on the desk.
主语一致
变式练习
基础练
1. Around Christmas time there (be) only one hour of daylight in Sweden.
2. Hurry up! We must get there before the sun (set).
3. Standing among the students (be) the headmaster together with their English teacher.
4. As is known to us all, English books of this kind (sell) well in middle schools.
5. I have finished a large part of the book; the rest (be) more difficult.6. About two thirds of the population of that country (live) on farms.
7. Healthy eating along with regular (be) important for your health.
8. A poet and artist (be) coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow
afternoon.
9. The number of the students who took part in the military training (be) 450.
10. All they need (be) a room where they can live and cook and live a simple but happy life all the year round.
提升练
1. We each have strong points and each of us, on the other hand, (have) weak points.
2. The minister stressed that under no circumstances (be) the disabled to be looked down upon.
3. When it comes to this question, not only you but also she (turn) out to be wrong.
4. This glass works (be) set up in the 1960s.
5. Each girl and each boy (want) to attend that lecture.
6. The famous musician, as well as his students, (be) invited to perform at the opening ceremony
last year.
7. --What a terrible collision accident!
-- Judging from the scene, personally, it is one or two car drivers, rather than the truck driver, who
(be) to blame.
8. The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who (be) from the countryside
in our school.
9. Every possible means (use) to prevent the air pollution.
10. Standing among the students (be) the headmaster together with their English teacher.
