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2025年菁优高考英语解密之语篇
一．完形填空（共2小题）
1．（2021•历下区校级模拟）On Sept.1，Paul Miller，a teacher in America，（1） a video on
YouTube where he does his take on "I'll Be There For You，" a song from Friends.
"No one told me school was gonna be this way，" Miller sings in a classroom，in（2） to
the pandemic and the nationwide（3） of in﹣person teaching. "I got my lessons ready but
students are absent.Though they are（4） ，we can still have a great year.Cause I'll be here for
you when you're
learning at home."
"（5） our social distance，school will still be great." Miller continues.Having（6）
he reasons why online learning has its（7） ，Miller jumps into the chorus，telling his students
what they can（8） . "When back，" he sings. "You really start to shine.No matter what，I'm
here for you."
Miller's video has received over 25，000 views and lots of（9） comments.One wrote：
"Teachers are（10） on earth in human form."
In an（11） with WMTY，Miller said he（12） starts off every school year with a
song.This year，however，he had to be more creative.The teacher said he's been（13） by the
positive responses he's gotten. "Really the（14） we are getting this year is completely beyond
（15） ，" he said. "I have gotten messages from Arizona to India.Apparently，Friends is a very
popular show. "
（1） A．marked B．recorded C．praised D．shared
（2） A．response B．relation C．devotion D．addition
（3） A．preparation B．cancellation C．admiration D．promotion
（4） A．private B．attractive C．virtual D．passive
（5） A．For B．Despite C．Against D．Across
（6） A．listed B．gained C．told D．realized
（7） A．contributions B．effects C．tendencies D．benefits
（8） A．expect B．develop C．treasure D．correspond
（9） A．objective B．indifferent C．casual D．supportive
（10） A．heroes B．spirits C．angels D．sponsors
（11） A．interview B．conversation C．debate D．argument
1（12） A．specially B．normally C．particularly D．temporarily
（13） A．influenced B．burdened C．overwhelmed D．defeated
（14） A．strength B．preference C．responsibility D．attention
（15） A．control B．reach C．expectation D．recognition
2．（2024春•九江期末） Many elderly people in India feel lonely with few visitors.With this （1）
in mind，Shantanu Naidu，Niki Thakur，and Gargi Sandu started the organization the Coodfellows.It
（2） these senior citizens in India with young volunteer "grandkids".
Families can nominate （提名） elderly relatives as "grandpals" （3） "good fellows"，
typically if their closest family members aren't around anymore.Mr.Naidu，who leads recruitment，has a
basic （4） with nominated people to check their cognitive abilities，and more （5）
，their interests to match them to suitable good fellows.The team currently has 65 fellows （6）
over 400 grandpals.
Good fellows provide （7） through visits and activities like chatting，shopping，and
attending to doctor appointments. "Uncle Kersi has been my grandpal for the last five months，" 23﹣
year﹣old good fellow Aarohi Sawant said. "We truly appreciate this opportunity to （8） ".He's
had his fair share of （9） moments，but I can see he is （10） to focus on the
beautiful bits.That has （11） people around him." One grandpal with Alzheimer's （12）
when his fellow visits to chat，play music，and engage.Another grandpal considers herself （13）
to have a tech﹣minded fellow helping her write memoirs.
These stories show the joy and meaning the intergenerational （14） could provide.The
Goodfellows offers hope and enriches senior citizens' final years with friendship.This in turn （15）
a sense of purpose among the young.
（1） A．mistake B．concern C．arrangement D．advantage
（2） A．pairs B．greets C．trains D．charges
（3） A．in place of B．in memory of C．in honor of D．in search of
（4） A．experiment B．competition C．interview D．exam
（5） A．importantly B．easily C．equally D．secretly
（6） A．testing B．serving C．guiding D．remembering
（7） A．business B．protection C．adventure D．company
（8） A．escape B．reflect C．socialize D．compete
（9） A．familiar B．tough C．slow D．peaceful
（10） A．determined B．unwilling C．welcome D．uncertain
2（11） A．challenged B．embarrassed C．impacted D．separated
（12） A．steps aside B．brightens up C．shows off D．settles down
（13） A．lucky B．shameful C．anxious D．fearful
（14） A．introduction B．promotion C．agreement D．connection
（15） A．requires B．avoids C．inspires D．risks
二．阅读理解（共6小题）
3．（2023•龙川县校级模拟）Covid﹣19 vaccines （疫苗） began saving lives in clinical trials.But a
new study，based in part on The Economist's estimate of the pandemic's true death toll （伤亡人
数），attempts to model just how many lives have been spared since vaccines became widely
available to the public.
The study—published on June 23rd in Lancet Infectious Diseases—found that in the first year of
vaccines that were invented and introduced to the public，jabs （注射疫苗） saved the lives of people
between 19.1 million and 20.4 million.Without vaccines，the study estimates，roughly three times as
many people would have died from Covid﹣19 in 2021 alone.And 6.8 million — 7.7 millon of the
prevented deaths were in countries covered by COVAX（Covid﹣19 Vaccines Global Access），an
initiative created to ensure vaccines were sent to poorer countries.Still，a lack of vaccines in some parts
of the world still led to avoidable deaths.Around 100 countries failed to reach the World Health
Organization's （WHO） goal of vaccinating 40% of their qualified populations by the end of 2021.The
researchers estimate that this cost around 600，000 lives.
To arrive at these estimates ， the researchers ， Oliver J.Watson ， Gregory Barnsley and their
colleagues at Imperial College London，began with an existing transmission model used to track the
spread of Covid﹣19 infections.They then combined this model with The Economist's estimate of the
pandemic's true death toll to estimate how deadly the pandemic would have been without vaccines.
As for the study，every coin has two sides.It relies on assumptions about the share of estimated
infections that led to death，for instance.Some small countries，which have limited reliable data，were
not included in the analysis.That means the total number of actual avoided deaths will be even
higher.On the other hand，the researchers did not attempt to model how people or governments might
have changed their behavior to limit infections in the absence of vaccines.For all that，it is the most
definitive answer yet to how many people owe their lives to the jabs.
（1）Why are the vaccines significant according to Paragraph 2？
A．They can slow down the pain of the patients.
3B．They can reduce the number of death toll.
C．They can promote the development of drugs.
D．They can realize the WHO's achievement.
（2）How do the researchers at Imperial College London draw the estimates？
A．By developing the transmission model.
B．By comparing data between model and study.
C．By combining with the previous study.
D．By tracking the spread of infections.
（3）What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？
A．The limitations of the study.
B．The assumptions of the study.
C．The results of the study.
D．The advantages of the study.
（4）What's the author's opinion about the current situation of vaccines？
A．Uncertain.
B．Pessimistic.
C．Cautious.
D．Confident.
4．（2022•云岩区校级一模）Student from Taiwan played a key role in safeguarding his community in
Beijing during pandemic outbreak
and is working to establish closer ties between young people across the Straits.
Chen Wencheng from Taiwan ， a postdoctoral student at Peking University ， had been doing
volunteer work in his neighborhood since Spring Festival.This was the first Lunar New Year holiday he
didn't celebrate in his hometown of Zhanghua，Taiwan，during his nine﹣year stay in Beijing.
Chen，31，from the university's department of philosophy and religious studies，chose to stay in
Beijing's Haidian District with his pregnant wife，who gave birth to their daughter last month.After the
COVID﹣ 19 outbreak hit Beijing in late January，he soon applied to be a community volunteer to help
with pandemic
prevention and control.
He started work on the day he signed as a volunteer on Feb4，with his duties including such tasks
as checking passes and the temperature of people entering the community or delivering food and other
necessities to his neighbors in self﹣quarantine.
The buildings in the community have five floors with no elevators.Chen sometimes had dozens of
4deliveries each day，including big rice bags and barrels of cooking oil，among other daily supplies.
" Those were heavy，and that's why the community needed us younger people to help，"Chen says.
"The volunteer job looks like petty work，but it matters as it enhances the safety of the more than
2，000 residents in our community，"Chen says."The work also allowed me to gel to know more of my
neighbors，which makes the whole community feel like a big family."
（1）What made Chen Wencheng play a key role in safeguarding his community？
A．His rich knowledge.
B．His wife's request.
C．His selfless devotion.
D．His classmates' invitation.
（2）What does the underlined word"Those"in Paragraph 6 refer to？
A．The deliveries.
B．The big rice bags.
C．The barrels of cooking oil.
D．The daily supplies.
（3）Which of the following best describes Chen's work during pandemic outbreak？
A．The volunteer job.
B．The brave helper.
C．The teacher.
D．His septuagenarian.
（4）What's the purpose of the passage？
A．To praise students from Taiwan.
B．To carry forward the national spirit.
C．To introduce a true volunteering spirit.
D．To help with pandemic prevention and control.
5．（2021•菏泽模拟）Charvi Goyal is a high school student from Dallas，Texas，who helps out other
classmates by tutoring them between classes.A tutor is someone who teaches one person or a very
small group of students.
When Goyal's high school moved online last spring because of COVID﹣19，she decided to also
take her teaching online.The 17﹣year﹣old junior and three of her fellow students created TutorScope，a
program that offers free tutoring services to other children，including younger ones.It started with a
small number of tutors who helped young people in their city.But it has grown into a group of 22
5tutors from Texas，Arizona and Ohio.They have helped more than 300 students，some from as far away
as South Korea.
TutorScope aims to give the one﹣on﹣one help that teachers have traditionally given while walking
around their classrooms.But now，many teachers cannot provide that one﹣on﹣one support because they
lack time or have issues with technology.
Sarah Newman said her children，7﹣year﹣old twins，have had helpful TutorScope experiences.The
service has freed up her and her 17﹣year﹣old son in pay attention to their work. "With these tutors，I
realize they have time，" she said， "I think they are very patient with these younger kids，which I do
not even have as a mother.I have patience in other things，but I don't have patience for teaching."
What makes the TutorScope effort special is the connection between the teenage volunteers and the
other students they are helping.Although the pandemic疫情）has forced many students to look inward，
Goyal said that working with others on a big project has permitted her to look outward. "My confidence
level has increased，" Goyal said.She added that she has made friends with other students from her
school.She said one of the best things about running a growing non﹣profit is that it does help with the
boredom of being stuck at home.
（1）What did Goyal do last spring？
A．She helped her classmates at school.
B．She got active in fighting COVID﹣19.
C．She offered online classes to students.
D．She went to South Korea for help.
（2）What's the purpose of TutorScope？
A．To give online help.
B．To make profits.
C．To make friends.
D．To choose volunteers.
（3）What's Sarah Newman's attitude towards the program？
A．Favorable.
B．Tolerant.
C．Skeptical.
D．Critical.
（4）What can we learn from Goyal's success？
6A．Putting the cart before the horse.
B．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C．No man can do two things at once.
D．Helping others will benefit oneself.
6．（2024 春•阿勒泰地区期末） In ancient Greece，festivals were an essential part of their
culture.These festivals were celebrated in honor of various gods and goddesses and were a way for
people to come together and celebrate their beliefs.
One of the most important festivals in ancient Greece was the Eleusinian Mysteries.This festival was
held in honor of Demeter，the goddess of agriculture and fertility （丰产）.The Eleusinian Mysteries
were a series of rituals （仪式） that celebrated the cycle of life and death.Participants would go
through a process that involved fasting （斋戒），purification，and secret rituals.
The Dionysia was another significant festival in ancient Greece.This festival was intended for
Dionysus，the god of wine，fertility，and theater.The Dionysia consisted of several days of dinning，
drinking wine，and watching plays performed by playwrights such as Sophocles and Euripides.
Festivals were not just about honoring gods；they also served as a way for people to come together
as a community.During festivals，people would gather in public spaces to socialize，watch performances
or sporting events，or participate in religious ceremonies.
In addition to these major festivals，there were many other smaller festivals throughout ancient
Greece that celebrated local traditions or honored specific gods or goddesses.These festivals varied from
region to region but all shared the common purpose of bringing people together to celebrate their
beliefs.
In conclusion ， festivals played an important role in ancient Greek culture as they provided
opportunities for people to come together and celebrate their shared culture.These festivals were not just
about honoring the gods；they were also a way for people to socialize and participate in community
events.The use of festivals as a means of cultural expression is still popular in modern times，and
serves as a proof to the enduring treasure of ancient Greece.
（1）What's the function of festivals in Greece？
A.Chances for people to know other cultures.
B.Honor to people's glorious process of life.
C.Rewards for people's devotion to the society.
D.Religious themes and occasions for gatherings.
7（2）Why were the Eleusinian Mysteries and the Dionysia held？
A.To hold a music party.
B.To have a big dinner party.
C.To honor the rich gift from nature.
D.To put on plays written by famous people.
（3）Whether big festivals or small ones，they serve as an occasion for .
A.social contacts
B.people's show of talents
C.volunteer activities
D.choices of the good tradition
（4）What's a suitable title for the text？
A.The Major Festivals in Greece.
B.Reasons Behind Festivals in Greece.
C.Activities in Greek Festivals.
D.Changes about Festivals in Greece.
7．（2024 春•锦州期末） Bianca Valenti had an experience which nearly killed her.One day in
2007，when she paddled （划船） out at Ocean Beach in San Francisco，she met a wave the height
of a two﹣story house.
"The moment I went under water，I was just getting knocked.And then my feet touched the sand
bottom there.I swam to the surface.At this point my lungs were burning painfully.Luckily there wasn't
another wave." That was when Valenti knew she had the drive and skill to surf big waves.
By 2014，Valenti surfed and won her first big waves match at Nelscott Reef in Oregon.There，she
met fellow professionals Paige Alms，Andrea Moller，and Keala Kennelly. "Two things got me fired up
at that point，" she said. "I wanted to have the opportunity to win more events，but there weren't more
events for women.Also I noticed that just the sight of women surfing big waves was opening people's
minds…That's really annoying." Luckily，Valenti，Alms，Moller，and Kennelly became a group and
decided to stick together，support each other，and then fight together.
The four surfers formed Committee for Equity in Women's Surfing （CEWS） to fight for entrance
at Mavericks—a match set in the surfing location of the same name，north of Half Moon Bay.Mavericks
was invitation﹣ only and was open to only men when CEWS was formed.Now ， through the
organization's hard work with the State of California，women are awarded 12 spots to surf.
When Valenti was young，there weren't many women represented in surfing culture. "I think it's
8important for young kids to have all kinds of role models.That way they know all the people who they
see as superheroes are just normal people who have crazy dreams.And sometimes the dreams aren't even
that crazy.If you work hard and you stick together with your friends，you can do anything You can
move mountains."
（1）What inspired Valenti to surf big waves？
A.Her gift in learning surfing skills.
B.Her near﹣death experience in 2007.
C.Her desire to be the best role model.
D.Her courage to challenge men surfers.
（2）What does the underlined phrase "fired up" in Paragraph 3 mean？
A.Angry.
B.Excited.
C.Disappointed.
D.Confused.
（3）What do we know about Mavericks in Valenti's time？
A.It was named after Half Moon bay.
B.All surfers were admitted to it freely.
C.It opened 12 spots for women surfers.
D.Surfers could only attend it by invitation.
（4）Which of the following words can best describe Valenti？
A.Tough and sensitive.
B.Emotional and passive.
C.Brave and determined.
D.Simple﹣minded and helpful.
8．（2023秋•宾县校级期末）The COVID﹣19 pandemic has been a frequent topic of conversation for
most of us over the past year.As we dreamt of indoor dining，vacations，and hugging our friends
again ， my friend Ana texted that her mother ， living in Brazil ， had been infected by the
coronavirus.I won't go into details here，but the disruption to life in Brazil have been especially
upsetting considering their social and cultural norms（规范）.
Ana is Brazilian，and I'm from the US.While living in New York City，we became fast friends
despite the few awkward cultural differences I learned to deal with.She was comfortable with intimacy；I
preferred to keep my distance.She liked the company of many；I liked the friendship of few.It was
9awkward for me to lean in for a quick hug，only to be embraced then kissed on the cheeks.To this
day，I'm not an excellent cheek kisser，but I try.She is one of many people over the years who have
educated me，in a way，about delighting in cultural difference.
I called Ana to check on her mother and I was primarily curious about how social and cultural
norms have been affected.It's difficult，said Ana，because the necessary health regulations are opposite
to "what we believe and everything we know about living in a community and displaying feelings of
love"，but she hasn't given up hope.I asked if the shifts made during the pandemic will change cultural
norms. "Absolutely not，" said Ana.This is who Brazilians are in nature and change doesn't happen
overnight.They spend a lot of time and energy investing in relationships，and the deeply rooted social
conventions won't change quickly.
Over the years，Ana has shared many stories that emphasize the differences in our upbringing.I
delight in our differences ， even if kissing on the cheek makes me uncomfortable.We find our
commonalities，like talking with our hands，being expressive，and valuing community.And we learn
from our differences.COVID disrupted many things，but through all of this，Ana said，we must
constantly be adjusting，understanding，and doing what's best for our communities and the people we
love.
（1）Which of the following words can best replace the underlined word in Paragraph 1？
A．Adjustment.
B．Disturbance.
C．Commitment.
D．Preference.
（2）What can we learn about Ann from Paragraph 2？
A．She is good at educating other people.
B．She prefers to stay alone in her own comfort zone.
C．She enjoys the close contact with others.
D．It took a long time for her to make friends with me.
（3）Why doesn't Ana think the pandemic will change social and cultural norms？
A．Because the Brazilians are born to be sociable.
B．Because the social conventions are easy to change.
C．Because the health regulations consist with her beliefs.
D．Because Brazilians rarely value investment in relationships.
10（4）What would be the best title for the passage？
A．My Attitude towards Friendship
B．Social and Cultural norms in the Pandemic
C．The Influence of COVID﹣19 on Life
D．My Acceptance of Cultural Differences
三．信息匹配（共3小题）
9．（2023•郑州二模）"Looking up，I find the moon bright；Bowing，in homesickness I'm drowned."
When Ifeoma Gladys from Nigeria，first read the line from Li Bai's Thoughts on a Tranquil Night，
the girl felt the poet's experiences and emotions （情感）. "I can't help but feel homesick，" said
Gladys，22，who is studying Chinese Language and Literature at Southwest University.
From then on，the Nigerian girl fell in love with ancient Chinese poetry. （1） For
example，in Li Bai's poem Hard Is the Way of the World，Gladys felt the ambition and faith of tile
poet.While reading Cao Cao's A Short Song，she learned that life is short and thus we should let go of
the difficulties we couldn't overcome and value the present. （2） In her eyes，it is how it can
travel over the mountains and spread from the ancient past to the present，but never change its original
intention，keeping its truth and emotional weight.
"This is what many popular novels and online articles are unable to do，" said the Nigerian girl.
（3） For example，Li Bai wrote， "Heaven has made us talents；we're not made in vain.A
thousand gold coins spent，more will turn up again." About 1，000 years later，Goethe，a German
poet，would say something quite similar ﹣（4） "Behind the beautiful poems，I discovered the
wisdom of the Chinese people，the charm of Chinese culture，and the worldwide basis of Chinese
culture as well，" said Gladys.
Now，the girl hopes to become a professional translator.（5）
A．She learned Chinese culture and wisdom through it.
B．What is the most attractive part of ancient Chinese poetry？
C．She gradually found foreign poems are different to Chinese poems.
D．How can ancient Chinese poetry attract so many people around the world？
E．The person born with a talent is meant to use it and will find great happiness.
F．She wants to promote Chinese culture and connect China with the whole world.
G．But she's more surprised how the cultural quality of Chinese poetry can reach audiences worldwide.
10．（2022•宁波二模）With the pandemic in full swing，most colleges and universities have
transitioned almost all of their classes online.Some students prefer online classes.They love having the
flexibility to work from home and to work in the hours they want to work. （1） They find
11working from home difficult and they learn better from in﹣person instruction.A number of students
fall in between.Whichever you prefer，you can always find ways to do better.Read on for some tips
for acing online classes.
Read the syllabus （大纲）.
When you need to know something，do not blindly go through your online education portal
clicking tabs or go ahead and email your professor.Wait until you have looked through the syllabus for
your answers.The syllabus is supposed to be your guide for the entire semester.（2） It should
tell you basically everything that you need to know for the class.Anytime you have a question about
your schedule，check the syllabus.
Note the deadlines.
In an online class，it is incredibly easy to let deadlines creep upon you or even pass you by
before you even know it.So make sure that you note the deadlines.However you need to do that or find
doing that to be most effective，do it.Find writing things down in your planner most effective？Do
it.Making reminders on your phone？Do it.Filling it out in your online calendar？Do it.（3）
Ask questions.
While strategy number one told you that you should not immediately email your professor with a
question，that was in regards to asking questions that could be answered by the syllabus.（4）
Professors do not actively want their students to fail，so if they can reasonably help you out，they
will.
（5） But knowing that and preparing for it is half the battle.Using these tips and
strategies will help you navigate the world of online learning and keep your GPA and morale up even
when the rest of the events of the world might be bringing you down.
A.Online classes can be tough.
B.It is fun to attend online classes.
C.They think they can save much time and energy.
D.Other students really struggle with online classes.
E.It tells you what you are doing，when，why，and how.
F.You do not want to fail a class because you never turned anything in.
G.However，you shouldn't be afraid to message your professor with thoughtful questions.
11．（2024 春•玉溪期末） Living heritages are cultural elements that are considered to be an
important part of the cultural heritage of our nation and that are still present and transmitted today.
12（1） It is an artistic practice of writing Chinese characters，often with a brush and ink on
Xuan paper.
The evolution of Chinese calligraphy began alongside the earliest Chinese characters discovered to
date —inscriptions on oracle bones （甲骨文），from the Shang Dynasty （c.16th century —11th
century BC） in Anyang，Henan province.
Over time，calligraphy gradually took shape as a form of art rather than a mere means of
record.Five major styles of script were born.They were running，cursive，official，seal and regular.
（2） The type of brush，density of ink and texture of paper can all change the
output.From brush inclination and direction to speed of writing，every twist and turn of the wrist is also
calculated.Structure of individual characters and special layout as a whole determine its
quality.Moreover，the emotions of the writer are directly reflected on calligraphy.
Calligraphy is a fine art.Lan Ting Xu is one of the most celebrated masterpieces. （3） Its
elegance and expressive brushwork gave it both historical and cultural significance in Chinese literature.
Calligraphy is also within reach.Like the Spring Festival couplets that decorate doors of everyday
folks，calligraphy has always been the sign of appreciation for the Chinese.Where there is Chinese
language，there is calligraphy. （4）
Chinese calligraphy is still highly valued today for its more than just writing. （5） It was
written on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO
in2009.We strongly believe Chinese calligraphy will be passed from generation to generation.
A.It is a living heritage.
B.Calligraphy is a demanding art.
C.Calligraphy can be learned easily.
D.Chinese calligraphy is one of them.
E.It is one of the most famous and favorite art works.
F.And where there is Chinese calligraphy，there is beauty.
G.It was created by Wang Xizhi during the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
四．语法填空（共7小题）
12．（2023•武汉模拟）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese astronauts completed extravehicular（出舱） activities （EVAs） and returned to the space
station core module Tianhe on July 4，2021， （1） （indicate） the first EVAs
during the construction of the country's space station were successful.
13After about 7 hours of EVAs ， the Shenzhou﹣ 12 spaceship crew ， the three of （ 2 ）
were sent into space（3） entered Tianhe on June，completed all the（4）
（ schedule ） tasks.Since then ， they have carried out a number of tasks as planned. （ 5 ）
（current），they are in good health and will perform EVAs for （6） second time during their
stay in orbit.
This was the second time that Chinese astronauts （7） （perform） EVAs
after the Shen﹣ zhou﹣ 7 mission in 2008.The planned tasks of the EVAs （ 8 ）
（complete） with close coordination （协作） （9） the astronauts inside and outside
of the spacecraft.
The EVAs tested the performance and function of the new﹣generation homemade extravehicular
mobility units，which laid an important （10） （found） for subsequent EVAs for
the space station construction.
13．（2023•定远县校级一模）You may think you couldn't live through summer without air conditioning.
（1） in ancient China，hand fans were almost the only way to drive the heat away.
Chinese people started to use hand fans over 2，000 years ago.The fans came in different shapes
and（2） （make） of various materials.Palm leaf fans were cheap and easy to
make.Feather fans marked the owner's high status.Sandalwood fans could send out（3） sweet
smell.Later，hand fans became far more than just something （4） could cool you
down.They developed into（5） （work） of art，in which Tuanshan — round fans，and
Zheshan — folded fans，were the most common.In the shape of a full moon，round fans were made of
silk.They had beautiful embroidery （刺绣）（6） （feature） birds and flowers on
them.Women，（7） （especial） those in the royal palace，liked to use them.Poets
in ancient China often compared a woman's round face to round fans.A poet in the Qing Dynasty，
Nalan Xingde was a typical example.He wrote， "If only life were as beautiful as we first met，why
should the autumn wind bother （8） （pity） painted fans？" Meanwhile，men
liked to use folded fans to paint and write poems on them.It was a way to show （9）
their skills in literature，painting and calligraphy.Today，Chinese people still use these fans，though not
many people write or paint on them （10） more.
14．（2022•九江二模）The design and colors of the Beijing Winter Olympic Villages reflect Chinese
aesthetics（美学）.The city（1） （see） 288 days of good air quality last year，up by
112 days from 2013.In history，Beijing 2022 is the first Games（2） all venues （场
地 ） are powered by clean energy and Beijing is the first city in the world （ 3 ）
14（host） both the Summer and Winter Games.Passenger vehicles used for the Games' official
transport service are powered by renewable energy.The world's first express train with a studio（4）
（power） by 5 G tech has been launched. "Green" tops（5） China﹣proposed concept
of hosting "green，inclusive，open and clean" Olympic Winter Games.A number of Olympic high
（6） （technology） have been applied for the first time in Beijing to ensure
（7） （it） goal of carbon neutrality.
The 2022 Paralympic Winter Games mascot Shucy RhonRhon symbolizes reunion and joy.China's
commitment to engage 300 million people in winter sports has already become a （ 8 ）
（real）.Named "Tongxin"，the medals are designed and inspired（9） Chinese ancient jade
concentric circle pendants （ 同 心 圆 吊 坠 ） .A menu of 678 dishes will be served （ 10 ）
（special） to athletes from diverse cultural backgrounds all around the world.
15．（2021•房山区二模）
A
The Spring Equinox（春分）starts on March 20 and ends on April 3 this year. It signals the equal
（1） （long） of the day and night time. The sun is directly above the equator（2）
the day of the Spring Equinox. After the equinox ， the sun moves northwards ， （ 3 ）
（result） in gradually longer day time in the Northern Hemisphere and longer night in the Southern
Hemisphere.
B
My brother was my personal guardian，a friend，and a mentor. Although we were 6 years apart in
age，（4） is considered a large gap between kids，my brother and I often played
together. During difficult times， my brother never（5） （fail） to give me his attention
and help. Whenever I had trouble with school work， he would make（6） （he）
available to help. When I was in 5th grade，I couldn't make sense of the music teachings of my
teacher. My brother took the time to study music in order to teach me the notes and scales. I was not
able to understand anything through my teacher（7） everything made sense and the logic of
music became apparent through my brother.
C
China is aiming for comprehensive，systemic reforms in green transformation to achieve carbon
neutrality by 2060. To achieve the goals， more effective measures（8） （take）
to strictly control the consumption of fossil fuels. It is also vital to establish a new power system（9）
15（center） around new energy to enhance the carbon sink capacity of the ecosystem and popularize the
idea among the public. Industrial（10） （chain），such as new energy vehicles and
hydrogen fuel cells， will develop rapidly， and energy﹣saving products will be highly promoted to the
public to reduce the demand for fossil energy.
16．（2021•石景山区一模）
A
Once it snowed，I netted a bird.（1） （hold） it in my hands，I felt very
excited.My father saw it and said he could turn this black bird into a colorful one.I didn't believe（2）
he said but decided to give it a go.I opened my hands and saw that the bird was edged with the color
of the sunshine when it（3） （fly） in the sky freely.My father said no matter how
beautiful a bird was，it would turn black when it was grasped in our hands and lost freedom.
B
China has achieved a total victory in lifting the whole nation out of poverty（贫困）.The poverty
relief policy was put forward in November 2013.（4） （finish） this task，about
800，000 officials have been sent to work at local levels.In the past 8 years，China（5）
（lift） 98.99 million poor rural（6） （resident） ﹣ a population larger than all but
a few countries ﹣ out of poverty under the current poverty line.
C
Known as a famous social media influencer，Pamela shares her interests on social media platforms
with her followers and has（7） （quick）grown her international following.She once
（8） （say）in a lecture， "Sometimes in life，you are in the right place at the right time
and you have a chance.If you don't take the chance at this particular moment ， it （ 9 ）
（go） forever." Pamela is an inspiration for young women（10） want to achieve their
goals by working hard.
17．（2024春•宣威市期末） The Double Ninth Festival，also known as the Chongyang Festival，is
a traditional Chinese holiday celebrated （1） the ninth day of the ninth lunar month.This
festival holds cultural significance，representing longevity and respect for （2） elderly.
One of the most （3） （wide） accepted stories credits the Han Dynasty poet Cai
Yong with the creation of the festival.Legend has it that Cai Yong （ 4 ）
（trouble） by an evil spirit that took the lives of his family members.On the advice of a sorcerer （术
士 ） ， he climbed a mountain ， carrying dogwood branches ， and wore them （ 5 ）
16（avoid） the spirit.From then on，climbing mountains and wearing dogwood （6）
（become） customary during the Double Ninth Festival.
It's a time for family reunions and showing appreciation for the older generation.One popular custom
is climbing mountains， （7） （symbolize） the promotion to a higher level of
life and health.Another practice is wearing cornel branches or dogwood leaves， （8） are
believed to keep away from evil spirits and bring good fortune.Additionally，some （9）
（region） have the tradition of drinking chrysanthemum wine，which possesses qualities that benefit the
immune system and promote longevity.
The Double Ninth Festival is not only a celebration of the elderly （10） a reminder of
the importance of the value of family connections in Chinese culture.
18．（2023秋•威宁县期末） Young inheritor of Shaanxi puppetry has plans to revitalize the ancient
cultural tradition，and many others with it，Li Yingxue reports.
Have you ever experienced one of the earliest precursors （前身） of movies？Only relying （1）
hands，the ancient Chinese art of shadow play （皮影戏） is a tradition with a history （2）
dates back 2，000 years，（3） it's also a representative（代表） of the Intangible Cultural
Heritage of Humanity （4） （recognize）by UNESCO.
Chinese shadow puppetry has its roots in the Han Dynasty （206 BC﹣AD 220），and （5）
（know）for its good craftsmanship.
The challenge of （6） （master） this technique within such a short time
seemed like mission impossible. （7） （fortunate），Nanxiang Buaichifan and
Jiuyue were lucky enough （8） （learn）from the best —Dang Feihua，（9）
23﹣year﹣old inheritor（继承人） of the shadow puppetry tradition.Dang is the fifth﹣generation
inheritor of Wang's Shadow.One of Dang's （10） （plan） is to redecorate their shadow
puppet themed hotel in Beijing at the end of the year.
五．其他阅读题型（共1小题）
19．（2021•滨海新区三模）Zhang Xingli，a 60﹣year﹣old villager，sat on a stone in front of his
house and struck a pose as painters quickly sketched him and his traditional house.At his age，Zhang
never thought he could earn money working as a model in Sanhe，a poverty﹣stricken mountain
village in Henan province.The village welcomes tourists who come to draw landscapes and recreate
the beauty of its traditional houses.
In fact，the village was once in poverty and the surrounding rolling hills and deep gorges made it
difficult to access.Most of the land was not fertile and there was no mineral wealth under the
17ground.One﹣third of the 415 village households lived in poverty.
In 2016，changes began when Feng Yake，a native，returned to the village from Zhengzhou，the
provincial capital.As a college﹣trained artist，the 33﹣year﹣old had run an art school in Zhengzhou for
years.During that period，Feng had taken his students to many places to draw landscapes，which made
him realize the value of the rustic village. "Mountains，groves by the river，cottages﹣this type of
scenery was exactly what schools and art studios needed for their students.I thought it would be
wonderful if I could return home and open a sketch base.So I decided to come back." Feng said.
Feng raised 1.5 million yuan and went back to his hometown.He turned his old house into a four﹣
floor hotel for art students who wanted to paint and draw landscapes.Six months later，Feng and his
family earned 200，000 yuan.His vision brought fellow villagers inspiration They were encouraged to
build and run homestays.Old houses and a bean curd workshop were repaired.The walls were painted
white to contrast with the gray roof tiles.The village signed contracts with more than 70 art studios to
receive artists and students.
Sanhe Village shook off poverty in 2018.Now，25 agritainment（农家乐）resorts have been built in
the village，receiving more than 30，000 tourists and generating an annual income of over 4 million
yuan.The influx of tourists has brought more job opportunities to Sanhe villagers，and many young
people have returned to start businesses.
（1）How does Zhang Xingli earn money？（no more than 5 words）
（2）What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us？（no more than 10 words）
（3）Why did Feng Yake return to his hometown from Zhengzhou？（no more than 20 words）
（4）What does the underlined part "shook off" in Paragraph 5 mean？（no more than 3 words）
（5）What do you think of Feng Yake？Please explain.（no more than 20 words）
六．短文改错（共6小题）
20．（2022•海拉尔区校级四模）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下
作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉。
修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Tom，
18Long time no see.Are you busy with your study？As a Chinese student，I am diligence and
hardworking，but I always feel I am under great pressure，what does harm to my physical and mental
health.Fortunately，to solve a problem，the Chinese government had launched a policy named "double
reduction" recently.Let me tell you anything about it.
To begin with，private tutoring will forbidden to help reduce our learning burden.Beside，the
amount of homework is lightened.In addition，schools will offer students with day care services during
holidays，so that parents don't have to arrange special classes designing for us during summer and
winter vacations.Thanks to the policy，I don't feel anxious any more.
What's your opinion about the policy？I'm looking forward to your replies.
Yours，
Li Hua
21．（2022•朝阳区校级模拟）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下
作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
On Friday，March 13，my six﹣year﹣old son came to home with a pack of worksheets in his
backpack.Then I got the terrified email what said school would close for at least two weeks.The COVID
﹣19 quarantine has begun.My initially reaction，after several day of uncertainty and anxiety over if
schools would close，was a relief.At least now I would know he was home safe.I spent the weekend
dig in my home like the groundhogs in my backyard，setting up classroom on my dining room table，
gathering pencils and paper.I thought I wouldn't have problems stayed calm during quarantine.
22．（2022•昆明模拟）假定英语课上，老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
作文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
19Millions of students across China watched the live broadcast of the lecture giving by Shenzhou﹣13
crew members in last month.During the one﹣hour class，students learned about the working environment
of the space station.Amazing，they observed experiments related to human body movement as well cell
growth in the weightless environment.They were so excited to attend such the wonderful live class in
which they learned much about space than before.After they hear about the negative effects of the space
environment on human body，they expressed their admiration for the astronaut. "They are really great
people.They have devoted himself to the space exploration though facing high risks.There is no doubt
whether their devotion deserves our respect."
23．（2021•四川模拟）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
In 2013，a 18﹣month﹣old boy got sick after playing near a hollow tree in his backyard.He was
developed a fever.Two days late，he died.And during the next two years more than 11，000 people
die.The World Health Organization put out a report，said the Ebola outbreak which probably came from
that hollow tree might have been caused by deforestation because foreign mining and wood cutting.
"When you disturb a forest，it actual upsets the balance of nature and the balance between pathogens
（病原体）and people，" said John E Fa，a professor in a team of researchers which linked recent
forest loss to the Ebola outbreak.Scientists have long warmed that the reshaping of Earth's landscape will
have worried consequences for the climate and biodiversity.More and more informations shows that forest
loss can also increase the risk of some infectious diseases.
24．（2021•宜宾模拟）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The person I respect most is my neighbor Uncle Li. He is so patient with each one that we are all
20like him. He was a volunteer whom worked as a gate guard during the epidemic of COVID﹣19， but
his main duty was to measure body temperature. Uncle Li was devoted his job， even in terribly
weather. It is his patient and the sense of responsibility which make me admire him.
Thanks to volunteers' efforts in epidemic prevention and control， we avoided getting infecting.
Actually， a number of selfless people like Uncle Li around us is on the rise， and they well deserve
us respect.
25．（2021•河南一模）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Because of the COVID﹣19 pandemic，people are required to wearing masks on buses in China.
However，one day，I forget to wear one when I was heading for a vital exam. While boarding the
bus，I stopped by the driver. Realizing what I would be late for the exam，I nearly burst into tear. Just
at that time，an old lady handed me with a mask，telling me not to worry. Thanks to his precious
gift，I was final in time for the exam.
Not only does the mask show our great qualities to help each other in face of great danger，but it
also represented the Chinese people's determination to prevent but control the pandemic.
212025年菁优高考英语解密之语篇
参考答案与试题解析
一．完形填空（共2小题）
1．（2021•历下区校级模拟）On Sept.1，Paul Miller，a teacher in America，（1） D a video on
YouTube where he does his take on "I'll Be There For You，" a song from Friends.
"No one told me school was gonna be this way，" Miller sings in a classroom，in（2） A to
the pandemic and the nationwide（3） B of in﹣person teaching. "I got my lessons ready but
students are absent.Though they are（4） C ，we can still have a great year.Cause I'll be here for
you when you're
learning at home."
"（5） B our social distance，school will still be great." Miller continues.Having（6） A he
reasons why online learning has its（7） D ，Miller jumps into the chorus，telling his students what
they can（8） A . "When back，" he sings. "You really start to shine.No matter what，I'm here for
you."
Miller's video has received over 25，000 views and lots of（9） D comments.One wrote：
"Teachers are（10） C on earth in human form."
In an（11） A with WMTY，Miller said he（12） B starts off every school year with a
song.This year，however，he had to be more creative.The teacher said he's been（13） C by the
positive responses he's gotten. "Really the（14） D we are getting this year is completely beyond
（15） C ，" he said. "I have gotten messages from Arizona to India.Apparently，Friends is a very
popular show. "
（1） A．marked B．recorded C．praised D．shared
（2） A．response B．relation C．devotion D．addition
（3） A．preparation B．cancellation C．admiration D．promotion
（4） A．private B．attractive C．virtual D．passive
（5） A．For B．Despite C．Against D．Across
（6） A．listed B．gained C．told D．realized
（7） A．contributions B．effects C．tendencies D．benefits
（8） A．expect B．develop C．treasure D．correspond
（9） A．objective B．indifferent C．casual D．supportive
（10） A．heroes B．spirits C．angels D．sponsors
22（11） A．interview B．conversation C．debate D．argument
（12） A．specially B．normally C．particularly D．temporarily
（13） A．influenced B．burdened C．overwhelmed D．defeated
（14） A．strength B．preference C．responsibility D．attention
（15） A．control B．reach C．expectation D．recognition
【考点】新型冠状病毒；网课．
菁优网版权所有
【答案】（1）﹣（5）DABCB（6）﹣（10）ADADC（11）﹣（15）ABCDC
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。美国教师Paul Miller疫情期间在YouTube上分享了一段视频，他在视频
中改编了《老友记》中的一首歌来回应疫情期间全国范围内取消面对面教学这件事，受到广泛关注和
好评。
【解答】（1）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.marked标记；B.recorded记录；C.praised赞扬；D.shared分
享。句意：9月1日，美国教师Paul Miller在YouTube上分享了一段视频，他在视频中改编了《老友
记》中的一首歌《我会在那里等你》。因为空后提到了社交媒体"on YouTube"，所以应该是在上面分
享了一个视频。故选D项。
（2）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.response回应；B.relation关系；C.devotion奉献；D.addition添加。句
意：Miller在教室里唱道："没人告诉我学校会这样。"以回应疫情和全国范围内取消面对面教学。根据
后文"I got my lessons ready but students are absent"可知，这位教师是为了回应疫情和全国范围内取
消面对面教学这件事而改编了歌曲。in response to意为"回应"。故选A项。
（3）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.preparation 准备；B.cancellation 取消；C.admiration 钦佩；
D.promotion提升。句意：Miller在教室里唱道："没人告诉我学校会这样。"以回应疫情和全国范围内
取消面对面教学。根据前文"the pandemic"和后文"in﹣person teaching"可知，此处是指疫情期间取消了
面对面教学。故选B项。
（4）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.private私有的；B.attractive吸引人的；C.virtual虚拟的；D.passive
被动的。句意：虽然他们是虚拟的，我们仍然可以度过愉快的一年。根据后文"when you're learning at
home"可知，疫情期间孩子们在家上网课，所以此处表示他们是虚拟的。故选C项。
（5）B.考查介词及语境理解。A.For为了；B.Despite尽管；C.Against反对；D.Across穿越。句意：
Miller继续道："尽管我们有社交距离，学校仍然很好。"根据后文"our social distance"和school will be
great"之间是让步关系，所以用despite。故选B项。
（6）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.listed列举；B.gained获得；C.told告诉；D.realized意识到。句意：在
列出了在线学习的好处之后，Miller加入了合唱，告诉他的学生他们可以期待什么。根据上文" school
will still be great"可知，Miller在歌里面列举在线学习的好处。故选A项。
（7）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.contributions贡献；B.effects影响；C.tendencies趋势；D.benefits好处。
23句意：在列出了在线学习的好处之后，Miller加入了合唱，告诉他的学生他们可以期待什么。根据上
文" we can still have a great year.Cause I'll be here for you when you're earning at home."可知，
Miller在歌里面列举在线学习的好处。故选D项。
（8）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.expect期待；B.develop发展；C.treasure珍爱；D.correspond符合。句
意：在列出了在线学习的好处之后，Miller加入了合唱，告诉他的学生他们可以期待什么。根据下
文""When back，" he sings. " You really start to shine.No matter what，I'm here for you"可知，
Miller告诉他的学生他们可以期待回到校园之后的生活。故选A项
（9）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.objective 客观的；B.indifferent 冷漠的；C.casual 随意的；
D.supportive支持的。句意：Miller的视频已经获得了超过25000次的点击量和许多支持的评论。根据
后文"positive responses"可知，此处表示他得到了支持的评论。故选D项。
（10）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.heroes英雄；B.spirits精神；C.angels天使；D.sponsors赞助者。句意：
老师是人间的天使。根据后文"positive responses"和空后的"on earth in human form"可知，Miller的视
频得到了积极的评论，有人把教师比喻成人间的天使
故选C项。
（11）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.interview采访；B.conversation对话；C.debate辩论；D.argument争
论。句意：在接受WMTV电视台采访时，Miller表示，他通常每学年都以一首歌开始。"WMTV"是电
视台，所以可知此处是接受采访。故选A项。
（12）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.specially 特别地；B.normally 通常地；C.particularly 尤其；
D.temporarily暂时地。句意：在接受WMTV电视台采访时，Miller表示，他通常每学年都以一首歌开
始。根据后文"every school year"可知，Miller经常这么做。故选B项。
（13）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.influenced 影响；B.burdened 使负担；C.overwhelmed 使征服；
D.defeated打败。句意：这位老师说，他被学生们的积极反应惊呆了。根据前文"he had to be more
creative"可知，此处指他被积极的评论所震惊，所以他必须更有创意。故选C项。
（14）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.strength力量；B.preference偏爱；C.responsibility责任；D.attention
注意。句意：我们今年得到的关注真的完全出乎意料。根据其前文"positive responses"可知，此处指受
到的关注。故选D项。
（15）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.control控制；B.reach达到；C.expectation期望；D.recognition识别。
句意：我们今年得到的关注真的完全出乎意料。根据前文"The teacher said he's been by the
positive responses he's gotten"可知，他被学生们的积极反应惊呆了，所以可以推断得到的关注是出乎
意料的。beyond expectation意为"出乎意料"。故选C项。
【点评】做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通
读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选
24择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，
检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
2．（2024春•九江期末） Many elderly people in India feel lonely with few visitors.With this （1）
B in mind，Shantanu Naidu，Niki Thakur，and Gargi Sandu started the organization the
Coodfellows.It （2） A these senior citizens in India with young volunteer "grandkids".
Families can nominate （提名） elderly relatives as "grandpals" （3） D "good fellows"，
typically if their closest family members aren't around anymore.Mr.Naidu，who leads recruitment，has a
basic （4） C with nominated people to check their cognitive abilities，and more （5） A ，
their interests to match them to suitable good fellows.The team currently has 65 fellows （6） B
over 400 grandpals.
Good fellows provide （7） D through visits and activities like chatting，shopping，and
attending to doctor appointments. "Uncle Kersi has been my grandpal for the last five months，" 23﹣
year﹣old good fellow Aarohi Sawant said. "We truly appreciate this opportunity to （8） C ".He's
had his fair share of （9） B moments，but I can see he is （10） A to focus on the beautiful
bits.That has （11） C people around him." One grandpal with Alzheimer's （12） B when his
fellow visits to chat，play music，and engage.Another grandpal considers herself （13） A to have a
tech﹣minded fellow helping her write memoirs.
These stories show the joy and meaning the intergenerational （14） D could provide.The
Goodfellows offers hope and enriches senior citizens' final years with friendship.This in turn （15） C
a sense of purpose among the young.
（1） A．mistake B．concern C．arrangement D．advantage
（2） A．pairs B．greets C．trains D．charges
（3） A．in place of B．in memory of C．in honor of D．in search of
（4） A．experiment B．competition C．interview D．exam
（5） A．importantly B．easily C．equally D．secretly
（6） A．testing B．serving C．guiding D．remembering
（7） A．business B．protection C．adventure D．company
（8） A．escape B．reflect C．socialize D．compete
（9） A．familiar B．tough C．slow D．peaceful
（10） A．determined B．unwilling C．welcome D．uncertain
（11） A．challenged B．embarrassed C．impacted D．separated
（12） A．steps aside B．brightens up C．shows off D．settles down
25（13） A．lucky B．shameful C．anxious D．fearful
（14） A．introduction B．promotion C．agreement D．connection
（15） A．requires B．avoids C．inspires D．risks
【考点】一带一路；社会．
菁优网版权所有
【答案】（1）﹣（5）BADCA（6）﹣（10）BDCBA（11）﹣（15）CBADC
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了在印度，Shantanu Naidu、Niki Thakur 和 Gargi Sandu 成立了
Coodfellows组织，将老年人与年轻的志愿者"孙子（女）"配对，以解决老年人的孤独生活的事迹。
【解答】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.mistake错误；B.concern关注，关心；C.arrangement安排；
D.advantage优势。句意：抱着这种关心的想法，Shantanu Naidu、Niki Thakur和Gargi Sandu成立了
Coodfellows组织。根据前文"Many elderly people in India feel lonely"和后文"Shantanu Naidu，Niki
Thakur，and Gargi Sandu started the organization the Coodfellows"可知，出于对老年人的关心，他们
成立了组织。故选B项。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.pairs配对；B.greets问候；C.trains训练；D.charges收费。句意：它将
这些印度的老年人与年轻的志愿者"孙子（女）"配对。根据后文"Families can nominate （提名）
elderly relatives as 'grandpals' （3）'good fellows'"以及"to check their cognitive abilities，and more
（5），their interests to match them to suitable good fellows"可知，志愿者和老年人匹配成"祖孙"关
系。故选A项。
（3）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.in place of代替；B.in memory of为了纪念；C.in honor of向……
表示敬意；D.in search of寻找。句意：在寻找"好配对"时，家庭可以提名年长的亲戚为"爷爷（奶
奶）"，通常是在他们最亲密的家庭成员不在身边的情况下。根据语境和后文"good fellows"可知，寻
找到"好配对"，让老年人做"爷爷（奶奶）"。故选D项。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.experiment实验；B.competition竞争；C.interview面试，采访；D.exam
考试。句意：Naidu负责招聘工作，他会对被提名者进行基本的面试，以检查他们的认知能力，更重
要的是，检查他们的兴趣，以便将他们与合适的好伙伴匹配起来。根据后文"to check their cognitive
abilities，and more（5），their interests to match them to suitable good fellows"可知，Naidu负责招
聘工作，要对被提名者进行面试，看他们是否合适。故选C项。
（5）考查副词及语境理解。A.importantly重要地；B.easily容易地；C.equally相等地；D.secretly秘密
地。句意：Naidu负责招聘工作，他会对被提名者进行基本的面试，以检查他们的认知能力，更重要
的是，检查他们的兴趣，以便将他们与合适的好伙伴匹配起来。根据语境和后文"their interests to
match them to suitable good fellows"可知，检查他们的兴趣和志愿者是否匹配是更重要的。故选A项。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.testing测试；B.serving服务；C.guiding指导；D.remembering记住。句
意：该团队目前有65名成员为400多名爷爷服务。根据后文"Good fellows provide（7）through visits
26and activities like chatting，shopping，and attending to doctor appointments."可知，志愿者为老年人服
务，帮助并陪伴他们。故选B项。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.business买卖，商业；B.protection保护；C.adventure冒险；D.company
陪伴。句意："好配对"会通过拜访、聊天、购物、看医生等活动提供陪伴。根据后文"through visits
and activities like chatting，shopping，and attending to doctor appointments"可知，志愿者会陪伴老人。
故选D项。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.escape逃避；B.reflect反应；C.socialize社交，交往；D.compete竞争。
句意：我们真的很感激这个社交的机会。根据前文"Good fellows provide（7）through visits and
activities like chatting，shopping，and attending to doctor appointments."可知，志愿者和老人之间的交
往是他们的社交机会。故选C项。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.familiar熟悉的；B.tough艰难的；C.slow缓慢的；D.peaceful平静的，
和平的。句意：他也有过艰难的时刻，但我能看出他决心专注于美好的一面。根据后文"but I can see
he is（10）to focus on the beautiful bits"的转折可知，美好的反面应该是艰难的。故选B项。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.determined决心的；B.unwilling不情愿的；C.welcome受欢迎的；
D.uncertain不确定的。句意：他也有过艰难的时刻，但我能看出他决心专注于美好的一面。根据前
文"We truly appreciate this opportunity to（8）"和后文"to focus on the beautiful bits"可知，他决心专
注于和老人交往美好的一面。故选A项。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.challenged挑战；B.embarrassed使尴尬；C.impacted影响；D.separated
分开。句意：这影响了他周围的人。根据后文"One grandpal with Alzheimer's（12）when his fellow
visits to chat，play music，and engage.Another grandpal considers herself （13）to have a tech﹣
minded fellow helping her write memoirs." 以 及 "These stories show the joy and meaning the
intergenerational（14）could provide."可知，他的行动影响了他周围的人，让其它志愿者也为这些老年
人带去帮助和陪伴。故选C项。
（12）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.steps aside靠边站；B.brightens up点亮，增添快乐；C.shows off
炫耀；D.settles down安置下来。句意：一位患有阿尔茨海默氏症的爷爷，当他的配对来聊天、放音乐
和参与时，他会变得开朗起来。根据前文"he is（10）to focus on the beautiful bits"可知，此处描述志
愿工作美好的一面，结合后文"when his fellow visits to chat，play music，and engage"可知，当他的
配对来陪伴时，他会快乐开朗起来。故选B项。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.lucky幸运的；B.shameful可耻的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.fearful恐惧
的。句意：另一位奶奶认为自己很幸运，有一个懂技术的伙伴帮她写回忆录。根据后文"have a tech﹣
minded fellow helping her write memoirs"可知，有一个懂技术的人帮她写回忆录，她认为自己很幸运。
故选A项。
27（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.introduction介绍；B.promotion晋升；C.agreement同意；D.connection
联系。句意：这些故事展示了代际联系所能提供的快乐和意义。根据语境和前文"These stories show
the joy and meaning the intergenerational"可知，年轻一代和老人配对交往，展示了代际联系的快乐和
意义。故选D项。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.requires需要；B.avoids避免；C.inspires启发，激励；D.risks冒险。句
意：这反过来又激发了年轻人的使命感。根据语境和后文"a sense of purpose among the young"可知，
年轻一代和老人配对交往，激发了年轻人的使命感。故选C项。
【点评】完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，
仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应和语境。
二．阅读理解（共6小题）
3．（2023•龙川县校级模拟）Covid﹣19 vaccines （疫苗） began saving lives in clinical trials.But a
new study，based in part on The Economist's estimate of the pandemic's true death toll （伤亡人
数），attempts to model just how many lives have been spared since vaccines became widely
available to the public.
The study—published on June 23rd in Lancet Infectious Diseases—found that in the first year of
vaccines that were invented and introduced to the public，jabs （注射疫苗） saved the lives of people
between 19.1 million and 20.4 million.Without vaccines，the study estimates，roughly three times as
many people would have died from Covid﹣19 in 2021 alone.And 6.8 million — 7.7 millon of the
prevented deaths were in countries covered by COVAX（Covid﹣19 Vaccines Global Access），an
initiative created to ensure vaccines were sent to poorer countries.Still，a lack of vaccines in some parts
of the world still led to avoidable deaths.Around 100 countries failed to reach the World Health
Organization's （WHO） goal of vaccinating 40% of their qualified populations by the end of 2021.The
researchers estimate that this cost around 600，000 lives.
To arrive at these estimates ， the researchers ， Oliver J.Watson ， Gregory Barnsley and their
colleagues at Imperial College London，began with an existing transmission model used to track the
spread of Covid﹣19 infections.They then combined this model with The Economist's estimate of the
pandemic's true death toll to estimate how deadly the pandemic would have been without vaccines.
As for the study，every coin has two sides.It relies on assumptions about the share of estimated
infections that led to death，for instance.Some small countries，which have limited reliable data，were
not included in the analysis.That means the total number of actual avoided deaths will be even
higher.On the other hand，the researchers did not attempt to model how people or governments might
have changed their behavior to limit infections in the absence of vaccines.For all that，it is the most
28definitive answer yet to how many people owe their lives to the jabs.
（1）Why are the vaccines significant according to Paragraph 2？ B
A．They can slow down the pain of the patients.
B．They can reduce the number of death toll.
C．They can promote the development of drugs.
D．They can realize the WHO's achievement.
（2）How do the researchers at Imperial College London draw the estimates？ B
A．By developing the transmission model.
B．By comparing data between model and study.
C．By combining with the previous study.
D．By tracking the spread of infections.
（3）What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？ A
A．The limitations of the study.
B．The assumptions of the study.
C．The results of the study.
D．The advantages of the study.
（4）What's the author's opinion about the current situation of vaccines？ D
A．Uncertain.
B．Pessimistic.
C．Cautious.
D．Confident.
【考点】新型冠状病毒；说明文．
菁优网版权所有
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】BBAD
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过研究人员利用模型和真实数据的对比，揭示了疫苗
对世界疫情爆发的重要意义。
【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第二段jabs saved the lives of people between 19.1 million and
20.4 million.Without vaccines，the study estimates，roughly three times as many people would have
died from Covid﹣I9 in 2021 alone（接种疫苗挽救了1910万至2040万人的生命。该研究估计，如果
没有疫苗，仅在2021年就会有大约三倍的人死于新冠肺炎）可知，注射疫苗挽救了1910万到2040万
人的生命，并且如果没有疫苗，仅在2021年，死于Covid﹣19的人数就大约是前者的三倍。因此，疫
苗的重要意义在于它可以减少伤亡人数。故选B。
29（2）B.细节理解题。根据第三段They then combined this model with The Economist's estimate of
the pandemic's true death toll to estimate how deadly the pandemic would have been without vaccines
（然后，他们将这个模型与《经济学人》对大流行的真实死亡人数的估计结合起来，来估计如果没有
疫苗大流行的致命程度）可知，在伦敦帝国学院的研究人员将传播模型与《经济学人》对疫情真实死
亡人数的估计相结合，来估计如果没有疫苗，疫情的死亡人数。因此，研究人员通过比较模型和研究
的数据得出估计值。故选B。
（3）A.段落大意题。根据第四段As for the study，every coin has two sides.It relies on assumptions
about the share of estimated infections that led to death，for instance.Some small countries，which
have limited reliable data，were not included in the analysis.That means the total number of actual
avoided deaths will be even higher.On the other hand，the researchers did not attempt to model how
people or governments might have changed their behavior to limit infections in the absence of
vaccines.For all that，it is the most definitive answer yet to how many people owe their lives to the
jabs.（至于这个研究，每个硬币都有两面。例如，它依赖于对导致死亡的估计感染比例的假设。一些
可靠数据有限的小国没有被纳入分析。这意味着实际避免的死亡总数将更高。另一方面，研究人员并
没有试图模拟在缺乏疫苗的情况下人们或政府如何改变行为以限制感染。尽管如此，这仍然是迄今为
止最明确的答案，说明有多少人是因为这些针刺才活下来的。）可知，这一段主要交代了这项研究依
赖于对导致死亡的估计感染份额的假设。有些小国可靠数据有限，不包括在分析之内。这意味着研究
人员估计实际避免的死亡总人数将会更高。由此可推知，本段主要是关于这个实验的局限性。故选
A。
（4）D.推理判断题。根据第四段the researchers did not attempt to model how people or governments
might have changed their behavior to limit infections in the absence of vaccines（研究人员并没有试
图模拟在缺乏疫苗的情况下人们或政府如何改变行为以限制感染）和"it is the most definitive answer
yet to how many people owe their lives to the jabs"（这是迄今为止最明确的答案，有多少人是因为
这些疫苗才活下来的）可知，作者对疫苗的现状是十分有信心的。故选D。
【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，
对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例
给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4．（2022•云岩区校级一模）Student from Taiwan played a key role in safeguarding his community in
Beijing during pandemic outbreak
and is working to establish closer ties between young people across the Straits.
Chen Wencheng from Taiwan ， a postdoctoral student at Peking University ， had been doing
volunteer work in his neighborhood since Spring Festival.This was the first Lunar New Year holiday he
30didn't celebrate in his hometown of Zhanghua，Taiwan，during his nine﹣year stay in Beijing.
Chen，31，from the university's department of philosophy and religious studies，chose to stay in
Beijing's Haidian District with his pregnant wife，who gave birth to their daughter last month.After the
COVID﹣ 19 outbreak hit Beijing in late January，he soon applied to be a community volunteer to help
with pandemic
prevention and control.
He started work on the day he signed as a volunteer on Feb4，with his duties including such tasks
as checking passes and the temperature of people entering the community or delivering food and other
necessities to his neighbors in self﹣quarantine.
The buildings in the community have five floors with no elevators.Chen sometimes had dozens of
deliveries each day，including big rice bags and barrels of cooking oil，among other daily supplies.
" Those were heavy，and that's why the community needed us younger people to help，"Chen says.
"The volunteer job looks like petty work，but it matters as it enhances the safety of the more than
2，000 residents in our community，"Chen says."The work also allowed me to gel to know more of my
neighbors，which makes the whole community feel like a big family."
（1）What made Chen Wencheng play a key role in safeguarding his community？ C
A．His rich knowledge.
B．His wife's request.
C．His selfless devotion.
D．His classmates' invitation.
（2）What does the underlined word"Those"in Paragraph 6 refer to？ A
A．The deliveries.
B．The big rice bags.
C．The barrels of cooking oil.
D．The daily supplies.
（3）Which of the following best describes Chen's work during pandemic outbreak？ A
A．The volunteer job.
B．The brave helper.
C．The teacher.
D．His septuagenarian.
（4）What's the purpose of the passage？ C
A．To praise students from Taiwan.
31B．To carry forward the national spirit.
C．To introduce a true volunteering spirit.
D．To help with pandemic prevention and control.
【考点】新型冠状病毒；记叙文．
菁优网版权所有
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】CAAC
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了来自台湾的学生Chen Wencheng在疫情期间做志愿者，为保护他在
北京的社区发挥了关键作用。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段 Chen Wencheng from Taiwan，a postdoctoral student at
Peking University，had been doing volunteer work in his neighborhood since Spring Festival. （来自
台湾的Chen Wencheng是北京大学的一名博士后，他从春节开始就在小区里做志愿者工作。）以及最
后一段The volunteer job looks like petty work，but it matters as it enhances the safety of the more
than 2，000 residents in our community.（这项志愿工作看起来很琐碎，但它很重要，因为它加强了
我们社区2000多名居民的安全。）等内容可知，是做志愿者这种无私的奉献让 Chen Wencheng在保
护他的社区方面发挥了关键作用。A.His rich knowledge他丰富的知识；B.His wife's request 他妻子的
要求；C.His selfless devotion他的无私奉献；D.His classmates' invitation 他同学的邀请。故选C。
（2）代词指代题。根据前文The buildings in the community have five floors with no elevators.Chen
sometimes had dozens of deliveries each day，including big rice bags and barrels of cooking oil，
among other daily supplies. （这个社区的建筑有五层，没有电梯。Chen有时每天要送几十件东西，
包括大饭袋和桶装食用油，以及其他日常用品。）可知，Chen每天需要爬楼梯运送几十件沉重的东西，
从而推知划线词句Those were heavy，and that's why the community needed us younger people to
help. （Those 很沉重，这就是为什么社区需要我们这些年轻人的帮助。）those是指代前文中提到的运
送的那些动词很沉重，可知those指代那些递送的东西。A.The deliveries传递的东西；B.The big rice
bags大的米袋C.The barrels of cooking oil几桶食用油；D.The daily supplies日常用品。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段After the COVID﹣ 19 outbreak hit Beijing in late January，he soon
applied to be a community volunteer to help with pandemic prevention and control. （今年1月底，
新冠肺炎疫情在北京爆发后，他很快就申请成为一名社区志愿者，帮助防控疫情。）以及最后一段中
The volunteer job looks like petty work，but it matters as it enhances the safety of the more than
2，000 residents in our community.（志愿者工作看起来很琐碎，但它很重要，因为它能提高我们社区
2000多名居民的安全。）可知，志愿者工作最能描述Chen Wencheng在疫情期间的工作。A.The
volunteer job志愿者工作；B.The brave helper勇敢的帮手；C.The teacher老师；D.His septuagenarian
他七十多岁了。故选A。
32（4）写作目的题。通读全文，根据最后一段The volunteer job looks like petty work，but it matters
as it enhances the safety of the more than 2，000 residents in our community. （这项志愿工作看起
来很琐碎，但它很重要，因为它加强了我们社区2000多名居民的安全。）以及The work also allowed
me to get to know more of my neighbors，which makes the whole community feel like a big family.
（这份工作也让我结识了更多的邻居，这让整个社区感觉像一个大家庭。）可知，本文目的是为了介
绍真正的志愿服务精神。故选C项。
【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，
对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例
给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
5．（2021•菏泽模拟）Charvi Goyal is a high school student from Dallas，Texas，who helps out other
classmates by tutoring them between classes.A tutor is someone who teaches one person or a very
small group of students.
When Goyal's high school moved online last spring because of COVID﹣19，she decided to also
take her teaching online.The 17﹣year﹣old junior and three of her fellow students created TutorScope，a
program that offers free tutoring services to other children，including younger ones.It started with a
small number of tutors who helped young people in their city.But it has grown into a group of 22
tutors from Texas，Arizona and Ohio.They have helped more than 300 students，some from as far away
as South Korea.
TutorScope aims to give the one﹣on﹣one help that teachers have traditionally given while walking
around their classrooms.But now，many teachers cannot provide that one﹣on﹣one support because they
lack time or have issues with technology.
Sarah Newman said her children，7﹣year﹣old twins，have had helpful TutorScope experiences.The
service has freed up her and her 17﹣year﹣old son in pay attention to their work. "With these tutors，I
realize they have time，" she said， "I think they are very patient with these younger kids，which I do
not even have as a mother.I have patience in other things，but I don't have patience for teaching."
What makes the TutorScope effort special is the connection between the teenage volunteers and the
other students they are helping.Although the pandemic疫情）has forced many students to look inward，
Goyal said that working with others on a big project has permitted her to look outward. "My confidence
level has increased，" Goyal said.She added that she has made friends with other students from her
school.She said one of the best things about running a growing non﹣profit is that it does help with the
boredom of being stuck at home.
33（1）What did Goyal do last spring？ C
A．She helped her classmates at school.
B．She got active in fighting COVID﹣19.
C．She offered online classes to students.
D．She went to South Korea for help.
（2）What's the purpose of TutorScope？ A
A．To give online help.
B．To make profits.
C．To make friends.
D．To choose volunteers.
（3）What's Sarah Newman's attitude towards the program？ A
A．Favorable.
B．Tolerant.
C．Skeptical.
D．Critical.
（4）What can we learn from Goyal's success？ D
A．Putting the cart before the horse.
B．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C．No man can do two things at once.
D．Helping others will benefit oneself.
【考点】网课；记叙文．
菁优网版权所有
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】CAAD
【分析】文章讲述了17岁高中生如何在疫情期间成功的经营了一个网络教学组织的事迹。
【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据原文第二段 The 17﹣year﹣old junior and three of her fellow
students created TutorScope，a program that offers free tutoring services to other children，including
younger ones.17岁读高二和她的三名同学创建了TutorScope项目，为其他孩子提供免费辅导服务，包
括年龄较小的孩子。可知疫情期间她在网上授课，C选项"She offered online classes to students她给
学生上网课"符合题意。故选C.
（2）A.推理判断题。根据原文第三段 TutorScope aims to give the one﹣on﹣one help TutorScope旨
在提供一对一的帮助，以及上文提到的TutorScope项目是网上教学，可知A选项"To give online help.
提供在线帮助"符合题意。故选A.
（3）A.观点态度题。根据原文第四段 "With these tutors，I realize they have time，" she said， "I
34think they are very patient with these younger kids，which I do not even have as a mother.I have
patience in other things，but I don't have patience for teaching."有了这些导师，我意识到他们有时
间，"她说，"我认为他们对这些更小的孩子很有耐心，而我作为一个母亲，甚至不如这些孩子。"我在
其他事情上有耐心，但在教学上就没有耐心了。"可知她认为这个项目很有帮助。A.Favorable有利的；
B.Tolerant宽容的；C.Skeptical持怀疑态度；D.Critical至关重要的。故选A.
（4）D.推理判断题。根据原文最后一段She said one of the best things about running a growing non
﹣profit is that it does help with the boredom of being stuck at home.她说，经营一个不断壮大的非
营利组织的好处之一是，它确实有助于摆脱被困在家里的无聊时光。可知 D选项"Helping others will
benefit oneself帮助他人也是帮助自己"符合题意。故选D.
【点评】做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找处相关语
句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
6．（2024 春•阿勒泰地区期末） In ancient Greece，festivals were an essential part of their
culture.These festivals were celebrated in honor of various gods and goddesses and were a way for
people to come together and celebrate their beliefs.
One of the most important festivals in ancient Greece was the Eleusinian Mysteries.This festival was
held in honor of Demeter，the goddess of agriculture and fertility （丰产）.The Eleusinian Mysteries
were a series of rituals （仪式） that celebrated the cycle of life and death.Participants would go
through a process that involved fasting （斋戒），purification，and secret rituals.
The Dionysia was another significant festival in ancient Greece.This festival was intended for
Dionysus，the god of wine，fertility，and theater.The Dionysia consisted of several days of dinning，
drinking wine，and watching plays performed by playwrights such as Sophocles and Euripides.
Festivals were not just about honoring gods；they also served as a way for people to come together
as a community.During festivals，people would gather in public spaces to socialize，watch performances
or sporting events，or participate in religious ceremonies.
In addition to these major festivals，there were many other smaller festivals throughout ancient
Greece that celebrated local traditions or honored specific gods or goddesses.These festivals varied from
region to region but all shared the common purpose of bringing people together to celebrate their
beliefs.
In conclusion ， festivals played an important role in ancient Greek culture as they provided
opportunities for people to come together and celebrate their shared culture.These festivals were not just
about honoring the gods；they were also a way for people to socialize and participate in community
events.The use of festivals as a means of cultural expression is still popular in modern times，and
35serves as a proof to the enduring treasure of ancient Greece.
（1）What's the function of festivals in Greece？ D
A.Chances for people to know other cultures.
B.Honor to people's glorious process of life.
C.Rewards for people's devotion to the society.
D.Religious themes and occasions for gatherings.
（2）Why were the Eleusinian Mysteries and the Dionysia held？ C
A.To hold a music party.
B.To have a big dinner party.
C.To honor the rich gift from nature.
D.To put on plays written by famous people.
（3）Whether big festivals or small ones，they serve as an occasion for A .
A.social contacts
B.people's show of talents
C.volunteer activities
D.choices of the good tradition
（4）What's a suitable title for the text？ B
A.The Major Festivals in Greece.
B.Reasons Behind Festivals in Greece.
C.Activities in Greek Festivals.
D.Changes about Festivals in Greece.
【考点】一带一路；传统习俗与文化．
菁优网版权所有
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】DCAB
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了希腊一些节日举办的原因和共同目的。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。文章第一段讲到These festivals were celebrated in honor of various gods
and goddesses and were a way for people to come together and celebrate their beliefs. （这些节日是
为了纪念各种神和女神而庆祝的，也是人们聚在一起庆祝自己信仰的一种方式）可知，希腊的节日既
有宗教主题，也是人们相聚的场合。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。文章第二段讲到 This festival was held in honor of Demeter，the goddess of
agriculture and fertility（丰产）. （这个节日是为了纪念农业和生育女神德米特而举行的）以及第三段
讲到This festival was intended for Dionysus，the god of wine，fertility，and theater. （这个节日是
36为酒神、生育之神和戏剧之神狄奥尼索斯而设的）可知，举行两个节日的目的都是纪念自然给予的丰
产，向大自然赐予的丰富礼物致敬。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 These festivals were not just about honoring the gods；they
were also a way for people to socialize and participate in community events.（这些节日不仅仅是为了
纪念众神；它们也是人们社交和参与社区活动的一种方式。）可知，作者讲述了节日在人们社交方面
的积极作用，无论是大型节日还是小型节日，都是社会交往的节日。故选A。
（4）标题判断题。全文讲述了在希腊人们举办各种节日的原因。文章最后一段讲到 In conclusion，
festivals played an important role in ancient Greek culture as they provided opportunities for people
to come together and celebrate their shared culture.These festivals were not just about honoring the
gods；they were also a way for people to socialize and participate in community events. （总之，节
日在古希腊文化中发挥了重要作用，因为它们为人们提供了聚在一起庆祝共同文化的机会。这些节日
不仅仅是为了纪念众神；它们也是人们社交和参与社区活动的一种方式。）可知，这篇文章的合适标
题是：希腊节日背后的原因。选项B.Reasons Behind Festivals in Greece.（希腊节日背后的原因）符
合本文最佳标题。故选B。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相
关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
7．（2024 春•锦州期末） Bianca Valenti had an experience which nearly killed her.One day in
2007，when she paddled （划船） out at Ocean Beach in San Francisco，she met a wave the height
of a two﹣story house.
"The moment I went under water，I was just getting knocked.And then my feet touched the sand
bottom there.I swam to the surface.At this point my lungs were burning painfully.Luckily there wasn't
another wave." That was when Valenti knew she had the drive and skill to surf big waves.
By 2014，Valenti surfed and won her first big waves match at Nelscott Reef in Oregon.There，she
met fellow professionals Paige Alms，Andrea Moller，and Keala Kennelly. "Two things got me fired up
at that point，" she said. "I wanted to have the opportunity to win more events，but there weren't more
events for women.Also I noticed that just the sight of women surfing big waves was opening people's
minds…That's really annoying." Luckily，Valenti，Alms，Moller，and Kennelly became a group and
decided to stick together，support each other，and then fight together.
The four surfers formed Committee for Equity in Women's Surfing （CEWS） to fight for entrance
at Mavericks—a match set in the surfing location of the same name，north of Half Moon Bay.Mavericks
was invitation﹣ only and was open to only men when CEWS was formed.Now ， through the
organization's hard work with the State of California，women are awarded 12 spots to surf.
37When Valenti was young，there weren't many women represented in surfing culture. "I think it's
important for young kids to have all kinds of role models.That way they know all the people who they
see as superheroes are just normal people who have crazy dreams.And sometimes the dreams aren't even
that crazy.If you work hard and you stick together with your friends，you can do anything You can
move mountains."
（1）What inspired Valenti to surf big waves？ B
A.Her gift in learning surfing skills.
B.Her near﹣death experience in 2007.
C.Her desire to be the best role model.
D.Her courage to challenge men surfers.
（2）What does the underlined phrase "fired up" in Paragraph 3 mean？ A
A.Angry.
B.Excited.
C.Disappointed.
D.Confused.
（3）What do we know about Mavericks in Valenti's time？ D
A.It was named after Half Moon bay.
B.All surfers were admitted to it freely.
C.It opened 12 spots for women surfers.
D.Surfers could only attend it by invitation.
（4）Which of the following words can best describe Valenti？ C
A.Tough and sensitive.
B.Emotional and passive.
C.Brave and determined.
D.Simple﹣minded and helpful.
【考点】一带一路；品行与态度．
菁优网版权所有
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】BADC
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了冲浪者Bianca Valenti在一次死里逃生的经历中意识到自己有动力和
技巧在巨浪中冲浪，后来她与结识的几位专业冲浪者为女性在冲浪领域能够获得平等的机会做出许多
努力。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段That was when Valenti knew she had the drive and skill to
38surf big waves.（那时Valenti 知道她有在巨浪中冲浪的动力和技巧。） 可知，前文讲述的死里逃生
的经历使得Valenti决定在巨浪中冲浪。故选B。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第三段Valenti所述I wanted to have the opportunity to win more events，but
there weren't more events for women.Also I noticed that just the sight of women surfing big waves
was opening people's minds…That's really annoying.（我想有机会赢得更多的赛事，但没有更多的女性
赛事。我还注意到，仅仅是看到女人在巨浪上冲浪，就能让人们觉得新奇。真烦人） 可知，这两件事
是对"Two things got me fired up at that point"的解释，由此可知annoying与fired up意思相近，都表
示"令人生气的"，与 A 选项 Angry（生气的）意思相同。A.Angry 生气的；B.Excited 激动的；
C.Disappointed失望的；D.Confuse困惑的。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段 Mavericks was invitation﹣only and was open to only men when
CEWS was formed. （在CEWS成立时，Mavericks只能通过邀请参加，且只对男性开放） 可知，只
有受到邀请的冲浪者才能参加Mavericks。故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段When Valenti was young，there weren't many women represented in
surfing culture.（Valenti年轻时，冲浪文化中没有多少女性参与）可知，Valenti敢做大多数女性不敢做
的事情，说明她是勇敢的；根据第四段 The four surfers formed Committee for Equity in Women's
Surfing（CEWS）to fight for entrance at Mavericks — a contest set in the surfing location of the
same name，north of Half Moon Bay.（这四名冲浪者组成了CEWS，奋力争取参与Mavericks这一赛
事——比赛地点设在半月湾以北的同名冲浪场地）以及最后一段 If you work hard and you stick
together with your friends，you can do anything.You can move mountains. （如果你努力工作，与朋
友们团结在一起，你可以做任何事。你可以移动高山） 可知，Valenti是一位意志坚定的人。综上可知，
Valenti是一位勇敢且意志坚定的人。故选C。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相
关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8．（2023秋•宾县校级期末）The COVID﹣19 pandemic has been a frequent topic of conversation for
most of us over the past year.As we dreamt of indoor dining，vacations，and hugging our friends
again ， my friend Ana texted that her mother ， living in Brazil ， had been infected by the
coronavirus.I won't go into details here，but the disruption to life in Brazil have been especially
upsetting considering their social and cultural norms（规范）.
Ana is Brazilian，and I'm from the US.While living in New York City，we became fast friends
despite the few awkward cultural differences I learned to deal with.She was comfortable with intimacy；I
preferred to keep my distance.She liked the company of many；I liked the friendship of few.It was
awkward for me to lean in for a quick hug，only to be embraced then kissed on the cheeks.To this
39day，I'm not an excellent cheek kisser，but I try.She is one of many people over the years who have
educated me，in a way，about delighting in cultural difference.
I called Ana to check on her mother and I was primarily curious about how social and cultural
norms have been affected.It's difficult，said Ana，because the necessary health regulations are opposite
to "what we believe and everything we know about living in a community and displaying feelings of
love"，but she hasn't given up hope.I asked if the shifts made during the pandemic will change cultural
norms. "Absolutely not，" said Ana.This is who Brazilians are in nature and change doesn't happen
overnight.They spend a lot of time and energy investing in relationships，and the deeply rooted social
conventions won't change quickly.
Over the years，Ana has shared many stories that emphasize the differences in our upbringing.I
delight in our differences ， even if kissing on the cheek makes me uncomfortable.We find our
commonalities，like talking with our hands，being expressive，and valuing community.And we learn
from our differences.COVID disrupted many things，but through all of this，Ana said，we must
constantly be adjusting，understanding，and doing what's best for our communities and the people we
love.
（1）Which of the following words can best replace the underlined word in Paragraph 1？ B
A．Adjustment.
B．Disturbance.
C．Commitment.
D．Preference.
（2）What can we learn about Ann from Paragraph 2？ C
A．She is good at educating other people.
B．She prefers to stay alone in her own comfort zone.
C．She enjoys the close contact with others.
D．It took a long time for her to make friends with me.
（3）Why doesn't Ana think the pandemic will change social and cultural norms？ A
A．Because the Brazilians are born to be sociable.
B．Because the social conventions are easy to change.
C．Because the health regulations consist with her beliefs.
D．Because Brazilians rarely value investment in relationships.
（4）What would be the best title for the passage？ D
40A．My Attitude towards Friendship
B．Social and Cultural norms in the Pandemic
C．The Influence of COVID﹣19 on Life
D．My Acceptance of Cultural Differences
【考点】新型冠状病毒；说明文．
菁优网版权所有
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】BCAD
【分析】本文是一篇新型冠状病毒类阅读。作者是一名美国人，在与巴西友人安娜的相处中，她了解
到虽然疫情在一定程度上影响了巴西人的生活，但是根植的传统文化是不会轻易改变的，得益于与安
娜多年的友谊，作者学会了求同存异，最后欣然接受了文化差异。
【解答】（1）B.词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句I won't go into details here，but the disruption to
life in Brazil have been especially upsetting considering their social and cultural norms （规范）.（在
这里我就不细说了，但考虑到巴西的社会和文化规范，这种对生活的 disruption尤其令人不安。）句中
have been especially upsetting可推知，划线词是指对生活造成打扰或破坏 ，所以尤其令人不安。划
线词意为"扰乱，干扰"。结合选项：A.Adjustment调整；B.Disturbance干扰；C.Commitment承诺；
D.Preference偏好。故选B。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据第二段 She was comfortable with intimacy；I preferred to keep my
distance.（她对亲密无间感到很自在；我宁愿保持距离。）可知，即便有新冠疫情的影响，安娜仍喜欢
与人亲近。故选C。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据第三段I asked if the shifts made during the pandemic will change cultural
norms. "Absolutely not，" said Ana.This is who Brazilians are in nature and change doesn't happen
overnight.They spend a lot of time and energy investing in relationships，and the deeply rooted social
conventions won't change quickly.（我问，疫情期间所做的改变是否会改变文化规范。"绝对不是，"安
娜说。这就是巴西人的本质，改变不会在一夜之间发生。他们在人际关系上投入了大量的时间和精力，
根深蒂固的社会习俗不会很快改变。）可知，安娜认为大流行不会改变社会和文化规范，是因为巴西
人天生善于交际，在人际关系上投入了大量的时间和精力，根深蒂固的社会习俗不会很快改变。故选
A。
（4）D.标题判断题。通读全文，并结合文章最后一段中I delight in our differences，even if kissing
on the cheek makes me uncomfortable.（我喜欢我们的不同，即使亲吻脸颊让我不舒服。）可知，作
者在巴西友人的影响下，改变了对文化差异的看法，最后作者学会了求同存异，欣然接受了文化差异，
由此可知，本文的最佳标题是：我对文化差异的接受。结合选项：A.My Attitude towards Friendship
我对友谊的态度；B.Social and Cultural norms in the Pandemic流行病中的社会和文化规范；C.The
41Influence of COVID﹣19 on Life新冠肺炎对生活的影响；D.My Acceptance of Cultural Differences
我对文化差异的接受。故选D。
【点评】阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般
没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；
其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带
着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对
性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到
稳、准。
三．信息匹配（共3小题）
9．（2023•郑州二模）"Looking up，I find the moon bright；Bowing，in homesickness I'm drowned."
When Ifeoma Gladys from Nigeria，first read the line from Li Bai's Thoughts on a Tranquil Night，
the girl felt the poet's experiences and emotions （情感）. "I can't help but feel homesick，" said
Gladys，22，who is studying Chinese Language and Literature at Southwest University.
From then on，the Nigerian girl fell in love with ancient Chinese poetry. （1） A For
example，in Li Bai's poem Hard Is the Way of the World，Gladys felt the ambition and faith of tile
poet.While reading Cao Cao's A Short Song，she learned that life is short and thus we should let go of
the difficulties we couldn't overcome and value the present. （2） B In her eyes，it is how it can
travel over the mountains and spread from the ancient past to the present，but never change its original
intention，keeping its truth and emotional weight.
"This is what many popular novels and online articles are unable to do，" said the Nigerian girl.
（3） G For example，Li Bai wrote， "Heaven has made us talents；we're not made in vain.A
thousand gold coins spent，more will turn up again." About 1，000 years later，Goethe，a German
poet，would say something quite similar ﹣（4） E "Behind the beautiful poems，I discovered the
wisdom of the Chinese people，the charm of Chinese culture，and the worldwide basis of Chinese
culture as well，" said Gladys.
Now，the girl hopes to become a professional translator.（5） F
A．She learned Chinese culture and wisdom through it.
B．What is the most attractive part of ancient Chinese poetry？
C．She gradually found foreign poems are different to Chinese poems.
D．How can ancient Chinese poetry attract so many people around the world？
E．The person born with a talent is meant to use it and will find great happiness.
F．She wants to promote Chinese culture and connect China with the whole world.
42G．But she's more surprised how the cultural quality of Chinese poetry can reach audiences worldwide.
【考点】传统文化；记叙文．
菁优网版权所有
【答案】ABGEF
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了尼日利亚女孩Ifeoma Gladys喜欢中国的古诗，并从古诗了解到
了中国的文化和古人的智慧。现在她打算成为一名专业的翻译，推广中国文化。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据上文 From then on，the Nigerian girl fell in love with ancient
Chinese poetry. （从那时起，这个尼日利亚女孩爱上了中国古诗。）和下文For example，in Li Bai's
poem Hard Is the Way of the World，Gladys felt the ambition and faith of tile poet.While reading
Cao Cao's A Short Song，she learned that life is short and thus we should let go of the difficulties
we couldn't overcome and value the present.（例如，在李白的诗《行路难》中，格拉迪斯感受到了诗
人的雄心壮志和信念。在阅读曹禺的《短歌行》时，她了解到生命是短暂的，因此我们应该放下无法
克服的困难，珍惜现在。）可知，尼日利亚女孩Ifeoma Gladys爱上了中国故事，并从一些诗中了解到
了中国文化和人生哲理。A项"她从中学到了中国文化和智慧。"符合语境，承上启下，下文是对选项
的举例说明。故选A。
（2）联系下文题。根据下文In her eyes，it is how it can travel over the mountains and spread from
the ancient past to the present，but never change its original intention，keeping its truth and
emotional weight.（在她眼中，就是它如何翻山越岭，从古代传播到现在，但始终不改变初衷，保持其
真实性和情感分量。）推知，上文提问Ifeoma Gladys觉得中国古诗中最吸引她的是什么。B项"中国
古代诗歌中最吸引人的部分是什么？"符合语境，引出下文，下文回答了选项的问题。故选B。
（3）联系下文题。根据下文For example，Li Bai wrote， "Heaven has made us talents；we're not
made in vain.A thousand gold coins spent，more will turn up again.About 1，000 years later，
Goethe，a German poet，would say something quite similar ﹣（例如，李白写道："天生我材必有用，
千金散尽还复来"。大约1000年后，德国诗人歌德也说过类似的话。）可知，让Ifeoma Gladys感到意
外的是中国诗歌所表现的东西在晚些时候的西方也出现过。G项"但更令她惊讶的是，中国诗歌的文化
品质能够使世界各地的人都明白。"符合语境，下文是对选项内容的举例说明。故选G。
（4）联系上文题。根据上文For example，Li Bai wrote， "Heaven has made us talents；we're not
made in vain.A thousand gold coins spent，more will turn up again.About 1，000 years later，
Goethe，a German poet，would say something quite similar ﹣（例如，李白写道："天生我材必有用，
千金散尽还复来"。大约1000年后，德国诗人歌德也说过类似的话。）推知，下文应之处歌德说的那
句和李白诗歌内容相似的话是什么。E项"天生有天赋的人注定要利用它，并会找到巨大的幸福。"符
合语境，该句和李白诗歌所呈现的意义一致。故选E。
（5）联系上文题。空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文 Now，the girl hopes to become a
43professional translator.（现在，这个女孩希望成为一名专业的翻译。）推知，下文应陈述她想成为翻译
的目的。F项"她想推广中国文化，将中国与全世界联系起来。"符合语境。故选F。
【点评】关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，
句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
10．（2022•宁波二模）With the pandemic in full swing，most colleges and universities have
transitioned almost all of their classes online.Some students prefer online classes.They love having the
flexibility to work from home and to work in the hours they want to work. （1） D They find
working from home difficult and they learn better from in﹣person instruction.A number of students
fall in between.Whichever you prefer，you can always find ways to do better.Read on for some tips
for acing online classes.
Read the syllabus （大纲）.
When you need to know something，do not blindly go through your online education portal
clicking tabs or go ahead and email your professor.Wait until you have looked through the syllabus for
your answers.The syllabus is supposed to be your guide for the entire semester.（2） E It should tell
you basically everything that you need to know for the class.Anytime you have a question about your
schedule，check the syllabus.
Note the deadlines.
In an online class，it is incredibly easy to let deadlines creep upon you or even pass you by
before you even know it.So make sure that you note the deadlines.However you need to do that or find
doing that to be most effective，do it.Find writing things down in your planner most effective？Do
it.Making reminders on your phone？Do it.Filling it out in your online calendar？Do it.（3） F
Ask questions.
While strategy number one told you that you should not immediately email your professor with a
question，that was in regards to asking questions that could be answered by the syllabus.（4） G
Professors do not actively want their students to fail，so if they can reasonably help you out，they
will.
（5） A But knowing that and preparing for it is half the battle.Using these tips and strategies
44will help you navigate the world of online learning and keep your GPA and morale up even when the
rest of the events of the world might be bringing you down.
A.Online classes can be tough.
B.It is fun to attend online classes.
C.They think they can save much time and energy.
D.Other students really struggle with online classes.
E.It tells you what you are doing，when，why，and how.
F.You do not want to fail a class because you never turned anything in.
G.However，you shouldn't be afraid to message your professor with thoughtful questions.
【考点】网课；说明文．
菁优网版权所有
【答案】DEFGA
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文就如何上好网课给出几点建议。
【解答】（1）D.细节理解题。根据前文"Some students prefer online classes.（一些学生喜欢上网
课）"可知，本段陈述学生对于网课的不同态度，D 项"Other students really struggle with online
classes.（其他学生在上网课时真的很吃力）"中的"Other students"与前文"Some students"对应。故选
D。
（2）E.细节理解题。前文"The syllabus is supposed to be your guide for the entire semester.（教学大
纲应该是你整个学期的指南）"指出"syllabus 教学大纲"的作用，E 项"It tells you what you are
doing，when，why，and how.（它告诉你需要做什么，什么时候，为什么，以及如何做）"中的it指代
syllabus，承接上文，继续说明它的作用。故选E。
（3）F.联系上文题。根据前文"However you need to do that or find doing that to be most
effective，do it.（不管你需要做什么，或者觉得做什么是最有效的，就去做吧）"可知，当确定做某件
事是有成效的时候，应该当即去做，F项"You do not want to fail a class because you never turned
anything in.（你不想因为从未提交过任何东西就不及格吧）"中"never turned anything in"与前文中
的"do it"表述意思相反，但都旨在说明应该在截止日期前完成一些事情。故选F。
（4）G.联系上文题。前文"While strategy number one told you that you should not immediately
email your professor with a question，that was in regards to asking questions that could be answered
by the syllabus.（虽然策略一告诉你，你不应该立即给教授发电子邮件问问题，但这是关于提出可以
由教学大纲回答的问题）"指出如果能通过教学大纲解决的问题就不必向教授提出，G项"However，
you shouldn't be afraid to message your professor with thoughtful questions.（然而，你不应该害怕向
教授提出有想法的问题）"与前文形成转折，指出可以提出有意义的问题，呼应段落标题"Ask
45questions提问题"。故选G。
（5）A.推理判断题。根据后文"But knowing that and preparing for it is half the battle.（但知道这一
点并做好准备就是成功的一半）"中的but可知，设空处与后文是转折关系，且最后一段作为总结段，
应该紧扣"网课"主题，A项"Online classes can be tough.（上网课可能会艰难）"在句意上符合与后文
的转折关系，也呼应了主题。故选A。
【点评】关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，
句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
11．（2024 春•玉溪期末） Living heritages are cultural elements that are considered to be an
important part of the cultural heritage of our nation and that are still present and transmitted today.
（1） D It is an artistic practice of writing Chinese characters，often with a brush and ink on
Xuan paper.
The evolution of Chinese calligraphy began alongside the earliest Chinese characters discovered to
date —inscriptions on oracle bones （甲骨文），from the Shang Dynasty （c.16th century —11th
century BC） in Anyang，Henan province.
Over time，calligraphy gradually took shape as a form of art rather than a mere means of
record.Five major styles of script were born.They were running，cursive，official，seal and regular.
（2） B The type of brush，density of ink and texture of paper can all change the output.From
brush inclination and direction to speed of writing ， every twist and turn of the wrist is also
calculated.Structure of individual characters and special layout as a whole determine its
quality.Moreover，the emotions of the writer are directly reflected on calligraphy.
Calligraphy is a fine art.Lan Ting Xu is one of the most celebrated masterpieces. （3） G Its
elegance and expressive brushwork gave it both historical and cultural significance in Chinese literature.
Calligraphy is also within reach.Like the Spring Festival couplets that decorate doors of everyday
folks，calligraphy has always been the sign of appreciation for the Chinese.Where there is Chinese
language，there is calligraphy. （4） F
Chinese calligraphy is still highly valued today for its more than just writing. （5） A It was
written on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO
46in2009.We strongly believe Chinese calligraphy will be passed from generation to generation.
A.It is a living heritage.
B.Calligraphy is a demanding art.
C.Calligraphy can be learned easily.
D.Chinese calligraphy is one of them.
E.It is one of the most famous and favorite art works.
F.And where there is Chinese calligraphy，there is beauty.
G.It was created by Wang Xizhi during the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
【考点】传统文化；说明文．
菁优网版权所有
【答案】DBGFA
【分析】本文是说明文。主要阐述了中国书法作为活态遗产的重要地位。
【解答】（1）语境衔接题。上文Living heritages are cultural elements that are considered to be an
important part of the cultural heritage of our nation and that are still present and transmitted today.
（活态遗产是我们国家文化遗产的重要组成部分，至今仍然存在并传承。） 可知活态遗产至今仍然存
在并传承，D.Chinese calligraphy is one of them.（中国书法就是其中之一。）中的"them"则指的就是
上文中的"Living heritages"，并且D项中的"Chinese calligraphy"直接对应下文It is an artistic practice
of writing Chinese characters，often with a brush and ink on Xuan paper.（这是一种书写汉字的艺术
实践，通常用毛笔和墨水在宣纸上书写）中的"It"，讲明中国书法是一种活态遗产。故选D。
（2）段落主旨题。下文The type of brush，density of ink and texture of paper can all change the
output.From brush inclination and direction to speed of writing，every twist and turn of the wrist is
also calculated.（画笔的类型、墨水的密度和纸张的纹理都会改变输出。从画笔的倾斜和方向到书写速
度，还计算了手腕的每一次扭曲和转动。）可知中国书法对于画笔的类型、墨水的密度和纸张的纹理
都有要求，握笔的倾斜和方向、书写速度都会影响字的效果，这些和 B.Calligraphy is a demanding
art.（书法是一门要求很高的艺术。）中的"demanding"完全能吻合。故选B项。
（3）联系上文题。上文提到Lan Ting Xu is one of the most celebrated masterpieces.（《兰亭序》是
最著名的杰作之一。）可知书法著作《兰亭序》是最著名的杰作之一，G.It was created by Wang
Xizhi during the Eastern Jin Dynasty.（它是王羲之在东晋时期创造的。）进一步解释它是王羲之在东
晋时期创造的。G选项中的"It"指的就是上文的"Lan Ting Xu"。故选G。
（4）联系上文题。上文提到Where there is Chinese language，there is calligraphy.（有中文的地方就
有书法。）可知有中文的地方就有书法，F.And where there is Chinese calligraphy，there is beauty.
（有中国书法的地方，就有美。）进一步陈述有中国书法的地方就有美，与上文形成连贯的逻辑关系，
47表达了中国书法的普及性和美学价值。故选F。
（5）联系上文题。上文提到 Chinese calligraphy is still highly valued today for its more than just
writing.（中国书法今天不仅仅因为书写而受到高度重视。）可知中国书法的价值不仅仅在于写，A.It
is a living heritage.（这是一种活态遗产。）中的"a living heritage."进一步说明了其宝贵，并且和后文
的"will be passed from generation to generation" 相吻合。故选A。
【点评】关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，
句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
四．语法填空（共7小题）
12．（2023•武汉模拟）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese astronauts completed extravehicular（出舱） activities （EVAs） and returned to the space
station core module Tianhe on July 4，2021， （1） indicating （indicate） the first EVAs during
the construction of the country's space station were successful.
After about 7 hours of EVAs，the Shenzhou﹣12 spaceship crew，the three of （2） whom were
sent into space（3） and entered Tianhe on June，completed all the（4） scheduled （schedule）
tasks.Since then，they have carried out a number of tasks as planned.（5） Currently （current），
they are in good health and will perform EVAs for （6） a second time during their stay in orbit.
This was the second time that Chinese astronauts （7） had performed （perform） EVAs after
the Shen﹣ zhou﹣ 7 mission in 2008.The planned tasks of the EVAs （ 8 ） were completed
（complete） with close coordination （协作） （9） between the astronauts inside and outside of
the spacecraft.
The EVAs tested the performance and function of the new﹣generation homemade extravehicular
mobility units，which laid an important （10） foundation （found） for subsequent EVAs for the
space station construction.
【考点】航空航天；记叙文．
菁优网版权所有
【答案】（1）indicating（2）whom（3）and（4）scheduled（5）Currently（6）a（7）had performed
（8）were completed（9）and（10）foundation
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了神舟十二号载人飞船的宇航员成功完成出舱活动及其重要意义。
48【解答】（1）考查现在分词。句意：中国宇航员于21年7月4日完成舱外活动，返回天和核心舱，
这表明中国空间站建设过程中的第一次出舱活动是成功的。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词
作结果状语，结合句意可知，所以应使用现在分词表示自然而然的结果。故填indicating。
（2）考查定语从句关系词。句意：经过大约7个小时的疏散，神舟十二号载人飞船完成了所有预定任
务，其中三人于6月被送入太空并进入天和。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词
为the Shenzhou﹣12 spaceship crew，指人，在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以应使用关系代词whom
引导。故填whom。
（3）考查连词。句意：经过大约7个小时的疏散，神舟十二号载人飞船完成了所有预定任务，其中三
人于6月被送入太空并进入天和。根据句意可知，"被送入太空"与"进入天和"之间为顺承关系，应用
and连接，故填and。
（4）考查形容词。句意：经过大约7个小时的疏散，神舟十二号载人飞船完成了所有预定任务，其中
三人于6月被送入太空并进入天和。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词scheduled"预先安排的，预定
的"作定语，修饰名词tasks。故填scheduled。
（5）考查副词。句意：目前，它们的健康状况良好，在轨道停留期间将进行第二次出舱活动。分析可
知，此处应用副词currently"目前"作时间状语，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Currently。
（6）考查冠词。句意：目前，它们的健康状况良好，在轨道停留期间将进行第二次出舱活动。根据句
意可知，此处应用"a/an+序数词+n"表示"又一次"，且second是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定
冠词a。故填a。
（7）考查动词时态。句意：这是继2008年神舟七号任务之后，中国宇航员第二次执行出舱活动。分
析句子结构可知，所填词为从句谓语动词，在"It/This was the first time+that..."句型中，that﹣从句通
常使用过去完成时。故填had performed。
（8）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：在飞船内外宇航员的密切协调下，出舱活动的计划任务
得以完成。分析句子结构可知，所填词为句子谓语动词，结合上下文可知，句子描述的是过去的事情，
应用一般过去时，主语the planned tasks与动词complete之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语
态，主语the planned tasks为复数，be动词应用were。故填were completed。
（9）考查固定搭配。句意：在飞船内外宇航员的密切协调下，出舱活动的计划任务得以完成。
between...and..."在......和......之间"，固定搭配。故填and。
（10）考查可数名词单数。句意：出舱活动测试了新一代国产舱外机动装置的性能和功能，为后续空
间站出舱活动的建设奠定了重要基础。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词 foundation"基础"作laid的宾
语，结合空前冠词an可知，此处应用其单数形式。故填foundation。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句
型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
4913．（2023•定远县校级一模）You may think you couldn't live through summer without air conditioning.
（1） Bu t in ancient China，hand fans were almost the only way to drive the heat away.
Chinese people started to use hand fans over 2，000 years ago.The fans came in different shapes
and（2） were made （make） of various materials.Palm leaf fans were cheap and easy to
make.Feather fans marked the owner's high status.Sandalwood fans could send out（3） a sweet
smell.Later，hand fans became far more than just something （4） tha t could cool you down.They
developed into（5） work s （work） of art，in which Tuanshan — round fans，and Zheshan —
folded fans，were the most common.In the shape of a full moon，round fans were made of silk.They
had beautiful embroidery （刺绣）（6） featuring （feature） birds and flowers on them.Women，
（7） especially （especial） those in the royal palace，liked to use them.Poets in ancient China
often compared a woman's round face to round fans.A poet in the Qing Dynasty，Nalan Xingde was a
typical example.He wrote， "If only life were as beautiful as we first met，why should the autumn
wind bother （8） t o pit y （pity） painted fans？" Meanwhile，men liked to use folded fans to paint
and write poems on them.It was a way to show （9） of f their skills in literature，painting and
calligraphy.Today，Chinese people still use these fans，though not many people write or paint on them
（10） an y more.
【考点】传统文化；说明文．
菁优网版权所有
【答案】（1）But（2）were made（3）a（4）that（5）works（6）featuring（7）especially（8）to
pity（9）off（10）any
【分析】这是一篇说明文。全文主要介绍了中国古代扇子在人们生活中的意义和价值。
【解答】（1）考查连词。句意：你可能会认为没有空调你无法度过夏天。但在古代中国，扇子几乎是
驱走热量的唯一方法。由句意可知，空格前强调空调的作用，空格后强调古代扇子的作用，前后句意
呈转折关系，所以空格处but。空格置于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填But。
（2）考查动词的时态语态。句意：扇子形状各异，由各种材料制成。分析句子结构，and前后并列两
个谓语动词，所以该空填谓语动词。根据提示词came可知，时态用一般过去时。动词make和主语
The fans之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态，主语是复数，谓语动词也要用复数 were。故填were
made。
（3）考查冠词。句意：檀香扇可以散发出一种香甜的味道。分析句子结构，smell是可数名词，译
为"味道"，且以单数的形式出现，故空格处需要填冠词。此处泛指"香味"，所以用不定冠词a，sweet
发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
（4）考查定语从句关系词。句意：后来，扇子变得远不止是能让你凉爽的东西。分析句子结构，该句
子是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词something，在从句中作主语，因为something是不定代词，只能用
50关系代词that引导从句。故填that。
（5）考查名词的单复数。句意：它们发展成为艺术作品，其中团山圆扇和浙山折扇是最常见的。分析
句子结构，介词into后接名词作宾语，所以空格处填名词。结合句意，此处 work表示"作品"，可数名
词，所以要用其复数形式泛指。故填works。
（6）考查现在分词。句意：它们身上有漂亮的花鸟刺绣。分析句子结构，此处feature作动词，表
示"以……为特色"，本句话的谓语动词是had，所以空格处要使用feature的非谓语形式。embroidery
和feature之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词featuring作后置定语。故填featuring。
（7）考查副词。句意：女性，尤其是皇宫里的女性喜欢使用它们。分析句子结构，此处需要填副词来
作状语。especial的副词形式是especially，译为"尤其，特别"。故填especially。
（8）考查动词不定式。句意：他写道："人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？"分析句子结构，bother
to do sth表示"费心去做某事"，所以空格处填不定式to pity作宾语。故填to pity。
（9）考查固定搭配。句意：这是他们展现文学、绘画和书法技能的一种方式。根据句意可知，空格处
填介词off，构成短语show off，表示"炫耀，显摆"。故填off。
（10）考查副词。句意：今天，中国人仍然使用这些扇子，尽管不再有很多人在上面写字或画画了。
由句意可知，空格处填副词any，构成短语not...any more，表示"不再"。故填any。
【点评】在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本
形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于 3
个单词。要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国
家的背景知识是必要的补充。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接
词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，
是否符合语境。
14．（2022•九江二模）The design and colors of the Beijing Winter Olympic Villages reflect Chinese
aesthetics（美学）.The city（1） saw （see） 288 days of good air quality last year，up by 112
days from 2013.In history，Beijing 2022 is the first Games（2） wher e all venues （场地） are
powered by clean energy and Beijing is the first city in the world（3） t o hos t （host） both the
Summer and Winter Games.Passenger vehicles used for the Games' official transport service are
powered by renewable energy.The world's first express train with a studio （ 4 ） powered
（power） by 5 G tech has been launched. "Green" tops（5） th e China﹣proposed concept of
hosting "green，inclusive，open and clean" Olympic Winter Games.A number of Olympic high（6）
technologies （technology） have been applied for the first time in Beijing to ensure（7） it s
（it） goal of carbon neutrality.
The 2022 Paralympic Winter Games mascot Shucy RhonRhon symbolizes reunion and joy.China's
51commitment to engage 300 million people in winter sports has already become a（8） reality
（real）.Named "Tongxin"，the medals are designed and inspired（9） by Chinese ancient jade
concentric circle pendants （同心圆吊坠）.A menu of 678 dishes will be served（10） specially
（special） to athletes from diverse cultural backgrounds all around the world.
【考点】碳中和．
菁优网版权所有
【答案】（1）saw （2）where （3）to host （4）powered （5）the （6）technologies （7）its（8）
reality（9）by （10）specially
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2022北京冬季奥会所体现的中国美学、北京冬奥会的与众不
同之处和北京冬季奥会吉祥物的设计理念。
【解答】（1）saw．考查动词。句意：北京冬季奥运村的设计和色彩体现了中国美学。北京去年空气
质量良好的天数为288天。设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语last year，可知句子的时态为一般过
去时。设空处应用动词的过去式的形式。故填saw。
（2）where．考查定语从句的引导词。句意：北京2022年冬奥会是历史上第一届所有场馆都使用清洁
能源的奥运会，也是世界上第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。设空处引导定语从句且在句中
作地点状语，先行词为games，故填where。
（3）to host．考查不定式。句意：北京2022年冬奥会是历史上第一届所有场馆都使用清洁能源的奥
运会，也是世界上第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。设空处在句中作非谓语，当名词被序数
词修饰时，应用动词不定式的形式作定语。故填to host。
（4）powered．考查过去分词。句意：世界上首次在高速列车上安装了 5 G技术驱动的工作室。设空
处在句中作非谓语，根据空后的by，可知应用动词的过去分词的形式。故填powered。
（5）the．考查冠词。句意："绿色"优于中国提出的举办"绿色、包容、开放、清洁"冬奥会的首要理念。
设空处特指后面的办奥理念。应用定冠词the。故填the。
（6）technologies．考查名词。句意：为了实现碳中和的目标，一些奥运高科技首次在北京得到应用。
设空处在句中作主语，应用名词的形式，a number of 许多，后应用名词的复数形式。故填
technologies。
（7）its．考查代词。句意：为了实现碳中和的目标，一些奥运高科技首次在北京得到应用。设空处后
为名词，设空处应用形容词的形式修饰名词。故设空处应为形容词性的物主代词。故填its。
（8）reality．考查名词。句意：中国承诺的3亿人参加冬季运动已经成为现实。设空处前为不定冠词
a，设空处应为名词的单数形式。故填reality。
（9）by．考查介词。句意：奖牌的设计灵感来源于中国古代玉石同心圆挂件。根据句意，此处表达
受……启发，应用by。故填by。
（10）specially．考查副词。句意：有678道菜的菜单将为来自世界各地不同文化背景的运动员提供。
52设空处后为动词，副词修饰动词，设空处应用副词的形式。故填specially。
【点评】语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，
在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实
的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。
15．（2021•房山区二模）
A
The Spring Equinox（春分）starts on March 20 and ends on April 3 this year. It signals the equal
（1） length （long） of the day and night time. The sun is directly above the equator（2） on
the day of the Spring Equinox. After the equinox， the sun moves northwards， （3） resulting
（result） in gradually longer day time in the Northern Hemisphere and longer night in the Southern
Hemisphere.
B
My brother was my personal guardian，a friend，and a mentor. Although we were 6 years apart in
age，（4） which is considered a large gap between kids，my brother and I often played together.
During difficult times， my brother never（5） failed （fail） to give me his attention and help.
Whenever I had trouble with school work， he would make（6） himsel f （he） available to help.
When I was in 5th grade，I couldn't make sense of the music teachings of my teacher. My brother took
the time to study music in order to teach me the notes and scales. I was not able to understand
anything through my teacher（7） bu t everything made sense and the logic of music became apparent
through my brother.
C
China is aiming for comprehensive，systemic reforms in green transformation to achieve carbon
neutrality by 2060. To achieve the goals， more effective measures（8） wil l b e taken （take） to
strictly control the consumption of fossil fuels. It is also vital to establish a new power system（9）
centered （center） around new energy to enhance the carbon sink capacity of the ecosystem and
popularize the idea among the public. Industrial（10） chain s （chain），such as new energy vehicles
and hydrogen fuel cells， will develop rapidly， and energy﹣saving products will be highly promoted
to the public to reduce the demand for fossil energy.
【考点】碳中和．
菁优网版权所有
【答案】（1）length；（2）on；（3）resulting；（4）which；（5）failed；（6）himself；（7）but；
（8）will be taken；（9）centered；（10）chains.
53【分析】A：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了春分和春分之后的季节特点。
B：这是一篇记叙文。"我"的哥哥是"我"的私人监护人、朋友和导师，文章讲述了哥哥为"我"做的事情。
C：这是一篇说明文。中国的目标是在绿色转型方面进行全面、系统性的改革，到 2060年实现碳中和。
为了实现这一目标，文章提出了几点措施。
【解答】（1）length.考查名词。句意：它表示白天和黑夜时间的长度相等。the...of中间应用名词。
long是形容词，其名词是length，意为"长度"。故填length.
（2）on.考查介词。句意：春分那天，太阳正位于赤道上方。表示在具体的某一天应用介词on，故填
on.
（3）resulting.考查现在分词。句意：春分后，太阳向北移动，北半球白昼逐渐变长，南半球黑夜逐渐
变长。result in意为"导致"，和主句构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作结果状语，表示意料之中的结
果。故填resulting.
（4）which.考查定语从句。句意：虽然我们的年龄相差6岁，这被认为是孩子之间的一个很大的差距，
但我和哥哥经常在一起玩。分析句子结构可知，句中含有非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且修
饰整个句子，所以应用关系代词which.故填which.
（5）failed.考查时态。句意：在困难时期，我哥哥总是关心我，帮助我。根据"Whenever I had
trouble with school work"（每当我在学校作业上遇到困难时）可知，此处讲述过去的事情，应用一般
过去时。故填failed.
（6）himself.考查反身代词。句意：每当我在学校作业，上遇到困难时，他总是乐于帮助我。宾语和
主语相同，宾语应用反身代词。故填himself.
（7）but.考查连词。句意：通过我的老师，我无法理解任何东西，但通过我的哥哥，一切都有了意义，
音 乐 的 逻 辑 变 得 显 而 易 见 。 前 文 "I was not able to understand anything through my
teacher"和"everything made sense and the logic of music became apparent through my brother"之间构
成转折关系，且空格后没有逗号，所以应用转折词but.故填but.
（8）will be taken.考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：为了实现这一目标，将采取更有效的措施，
严格控制化石燃料的消费。动词 take 和主语 measures 构成被动关系。根据"China is aiming for
comprehensive， systemic reforms in green trans formation to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060."
（中国的目标是在绿色转型方面进行全面、系统性的改革，到2060年实现碳中和。）可知，此处是指
将要采取更有效的措施，所以应用一般将来时。故填will be taken.
（9）centered.考查过去分词。句意：建立以新能源为核心的新型电力系统，提高生态系统的碳汇能力，
并向公众普及这一理念也至关重要。center意为"使围绕"，和逻辑主语system构成被动关系，且动作
已完成，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填centered.
54（10）chains.考查名词复数。句意：新能源汽车、氢燃料电池等产业链将快速发展，节能产品将高度
推广到公众，以此减少对化石能源的需求。根据"such as new energy vehicles and hydrogen fuel
cells"可知，此处是指很多产业链，所以应用名词复数。故填chains.
【点评】语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，
在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析，要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实
的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。
16．（2021•石景山区一模）
A
Once it snowed，I netted a bird.（1） Holdin g （hold） it in my hands，I felt very excited.My
father saw it and said he could turn this black bird into a colorful one.I didn't believe（2） wha t he
said but decided to give it a go.I opened my hands and saw that the bird was edged with the color of
the sunshine when it（3） flew （fly） in the sky freely.My father said no matter how beautiful a
bird was，it would turn black when it was grasped in our hands and lost freedom.
B
China has achieved a total victory in lifting the whole nation out of poverty（贫困）.The poverty
relief policy was put forward in November 2013.（4） To finish （finish） this task，about 800，
000 officials have been sent to work at local levels.In the past 8 years，China（5） has lifted
（lift） 98.99 million poor rural（6） resident s （resident） ﹣ a population larger than all but a
few countries ﹣ out of poverty under the current poverty line.
C
Known as a famous social media influencer，Pamela shares her interests on social media platforms
with her followers and has（7） quickly （quick）grown her international following.She once（8）
said （say）in a lecture， "Sometimes in life，you are in the right place at the right time and you
have a chance.If you don't take the chance at this particular moment，it（9） wil l go （go）
forever." Pamela is an inspiration for young women（10） who want to achieve their goals by
working hard.
【考点】脱贫攻坚．
菁优网版权所有
【答案】（1）Holding（2）what（3）flew（4）To finish（5）has lifted（6）residents（7）quickly
（8）said（9）will
go（10）who
【分析】A篇告诉我们要让小鸟在天空中自由飞翔，不要捉鸟；B篇展示了中国脱贫攻坚战的措施和
55成果；C篇讲了著名社交媒体影响者帕梅拉的事迹。
【解答】（1）Holding.考查现在分词。句意：把小鸟拿在手里，我感到非常兴奋。分析句子成分并结
合句意可知，设空处为状语，hold 与I之间为为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词，且位于句首，故
填Holding。
（2）what.考查连接代词。句意：我不相信他说的话，但决定试一试。分析句子成分可知，设空处引
导宾语从句，且作从句的宾语，故填what。
（3）flew.考查时态。句意：我张开双手，看到那只鸟在天空中自由飞翔时，身上镶着阳光的颜色。结
合前半句可知，应用一般过去时，故填flew。
（4）To finish.考查目的状语。句意：为了完成这项任务，大约80万名官员被派往地方工作。根据句
意可知，设空处表目的且位于句首，故填To finish。
（5）has lifted.考查时态。句意：在过去的8年里，中国已经解救了9899万农村贫困人口。In the
past 8 years和现在完成时连用，故填has lifted。
（6）residents.考查名词。句意：在过去的8年里，中国已经解救了9899万农村贫困人口。由98.99
million可知，应用复数，故填：residents。
（7）quickly.考查副词。句意：帕梅拉被称为著名的社交媒体影响者，她在社交媒体平台上与追随者
分享自己的兴趣，并迅速发展了自己的国际追随者。分析句子成分可知，设空处应填副词，修饰谓语
动词has grown，故填quickly。
（8）said.考查时态。句意：她曾经在一次演讲中说："有时候在生活中，你在正确的时间，在正确的
地点，你就有机会……"根据前文once可知，应用一般过去时，故填said。
（9）will go.考查时态。句意：如果你在这个特殊的时刻不抓住机会，它将会永远消失。if引导的条
件状语从句，主句应用一般将来时，故填will go。
（10）who.考查关系代词。句意：帕梅拉是年轻女性的灵感来源，她们希望通过努力工作来实现自己
的目标。分析句子成分可知，设空处引导定语从句且先行词是young women，故填who。
【点评】语法填空考查内容广泛，涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。知识覆盖面比较广，考查学
生在一定语境中综合运用语言知识的能力。
17．（2024春•宣威市期末） The Double Ninth Festival，also known as the Chongyang Festival，is
a traditional Chinese holiday celebrated （1） on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month.This
festival holds cultural significance，representing longevity and respect for （2） th e elderly.
One of the most （3） widely （wide） accepted stories credits the Han Dynasty poet Cai
Yong with the creation of the festival.Legend has it that Cai Yong （4） wa s troubled （trouble）
by an evil spirit that took the lives of his family members.On the advice of a sorcerer （术士），he
climbed a mountain，carrying dogwood branches，and wore them （5） to avoid （avoid） the
56spirit.From then on，climbing mountains and wearing dogwood （6） have become （become）
customary during the Double Ninth Festival.
It's a time for family reunions and showing appreciation for the older generation.One popular custom
is climbing mountains， （7） symbolizing （symbolize） the promotion to a higher level of life
and health.Another practice is wearing cornel branches or dogwood leaves， （8） which are
believed to keep away from evil spirits and bring good fortune.Additionally，some （9） regions
（region） have the tradition of drinking chrysanthemum wine，which possesses qualities that benefit the
immune system and promote longevity.
The Double Ninth Festival is not only a celebration of the elderly （10） bu t a reminder of the
importance of the value of family connections in Chinese culture.
【考点】传统文化；传统习俗与文化．
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【答案】（1）on （2）the （3）widely （4）was troubled （5）to avoid （6）have
become （7）symbolizing （8）which （9）regions （10）but
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统节日重阳节（又称重阳节）的起源、习俗和文化意
义。
【解答】（1）考查介词。句意：重阳节，又称重阳节，是中国的传统节日，在农历九月初九庆祝。分
析句子可知，介词on后接具体的某一天。故填on。
（2）考查定冠词。句意：这个节日具有文化意义，代表长寿和对老人的尊重。分析句子可知，句中
the+形容词表示"一类人"，此处表示"老年人们"。故填the。
（3）考查副词。句意：最广为接受的故事之一是汉代诗人蔡邕创造了这个节日。分析句子可知，设空
处使用副词widely作状语，修饰accepted。故填widely。
（4）考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：传说蔡邕被恶灵所困扰，夺去了他家人的生命。分析
句子可知，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中Cai Yong与trouble之间是被动关系，同时根据句意和后文
的took可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was troubled。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：在一个术士的建议下，他带着山茱萸的树枝爬上了一座山，戴上它们来
躲避幽灵。分析句子可知，句中climbed和wore构成谓语动词的并列，设空处应该使用非谓语动词，
此处表示目的作状语，故使用不定式结构。故填to avoid。
（6）考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：从那时起，在重阳节登山和佩戴茱萸就成为了习俗。分析句
子可知，句中 from then on 为现在完成时的时间标志，主语为 climbing mountains and wearing
dogwood是复数。故填have become。
（7）考查现在分词。句意：一个流行的习俗是爬山，象征着提升到更高的生活和健康水平。分析句子
可知，句中is climbing为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，动词symbolize与climbing mountains之
57间是主动关系，此处使用现在分词作定语。故填symbolizing。
（8）考查定语从句。句意：另一种习俗是佩戴茱萸枝或山茱萸叶，人们认为这可以驱邪并带来好运。
分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的"佩戴茱萸枝或山
茱萸叶的习俗"，应用which。故填which。
（9）考查可数名词复数。句意：此外，一些地区有喝菊花酒的传统，这种酒具有有益于免疫系统和延
年益寿的品质。分析句子可知，设空处使用名词作主语，region为可数名词，意为"地区"，由some可
知，此处表示复数意义。故填regions。
（10）考查连词。句意：重阳节不仅是对老年人的庆祝，也是对中国文化中家庭关系重要性的提醒。
分析句子可知，句中构成not only…but （also）…的结构，意为"不仅……；而且……"。故填but。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面
综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
18．（2023秋•威宁县期末） Young inheritor of Shaanxi puppetry has plans to revitalize the ancient
cultural tradition，and many others with it，Li Yingxue reports.
Have you ever experienced one of the earliest precursors （前身） of movies？Only relying （1）
on hands，the ancient Chinese art of shadow play （皮影戏） is a tradition with a history （2）
that/which dates back 2，000 years，（3） and it's also a representative（代表） of the
Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity （4） recognize d （recognize）by UNESCO.
Chinese shadow puppetry has its roots in the Han Dynasty （206 BC﹣AD 220），and （5） i s
known （know）for its good craftsmanship.
The challenge of （6） mastering （master） this technique within such a short time seemed
like mission impossible. （7） Fortunately （fortunate），Nanxiang Buaichifan and Jiuyue were
lucky enough （8） to learn （learn）from the best —Dang Feihua，（9） a 23﹣year﹣old
inheritor（继承人） of the shadow puppetry tradition.Dang is the fifth﹣generation inheritor of Wang's
Shadow.One of Dang's （10） plan s （plan） is to redecorate their shadow puppet themed hotel in
Beijing at the end of the year.
【考点】传统文化；说明文．
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【答案】（1）on（2）that/which（3）and（4）recognized（5）is known（6）mastering（7）
Fortunately（8）to learn（9）a（10）plans
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了皮影戏的历史背景，意义以及其传承人努力将这一传统
艺术形式发扬光大的事情。
【解答】（1）考查介词。句意：中国古老的皮影戏是一种仅依靠双手的传统，可以追溯到2000年前，
也是联合国教科文组织认定的非物质文化遗产的代表。rely on"依靠"，固定短语，故填on。
58（2）考查定语从句关系词。句意：中国古老的皮影戏是一种仅依靠双手的传统，可以追溯到 2000年
前，也是联合国教科文组织认定的非物质文化遗产的代表。分析可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先
行词为a history，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词that/which引导该定语从句，故填
that/which。
（3）考查连词。句意：中国古老的皮影戏是一种仅依靠双手的传统，可以追溯到 2000年前，也是联
合国教科文组织认定的非物质文化遗产的代表。分析可知，is a tradition with a history和dates back
2，000 years之间是并列关系，应用连词and，故填and。
（4）考查过去分词。句意：中国古老的皮影戏是一种仅依靠双手的传统，可以追溯到 2000年前，也
是联合国教科文组织认定的非物质文化遗产的代表。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修
饰 a representative（代表）of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity，动词 recognize 和 a
representative（代表）of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故应
用过去分词作后置定语，故填recognized。
（5）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：中国皮影戏起源于汉代（公元前206年至公元220年），
并以其精湛的工艺而闻名。分析可知，所填词在句中作谓语，主语 Chinese shadow puppetry和动词
know 之间是被动关系，且句子是在描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是 Chinese shadow
puppetry，be动词应用is。故填is known。
（6）考查动名词。句意：在如此短的时间内掌握这项技术的挑战似乎是不可能完成的任务。介词of
后应用动名词作宾语，故填mastering。
（7）考查副词。句意：幸运的是，Nanxiang Buaichifan和Jiuyue有幸向仅有23岁的最优秀的皮影传
承人党飞华学习。分析可知，此处应用副词fortunately作状语，修饰后文整个句子，句首单词首字母
应大写，故填Fortunately。
（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，Nanxiang Buaichifan和Jiuyue有幸向仅有23岁的最优秀的
皮影传承人党飞华学习。"be+enough+形容词+to do sth."为固定句型，意为"足够......能做某事"，故填
to learn。
（9）考查冠词。句意：幸运的是，Nanxiang Buaichifan和Jiuyue有幸向仅有23岁的最优秀的皮影传
承人党飞华学习。根据句意可知，此处泛指"一个继承人"，应用不定冠词，且23﹣year﹣old的发音以
辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，故填a。
（10）考查可数名词复数。句意：党的计划之一是在今年年底重新装修他们在北京的皮影主题酒店。
plan"计划"是可数名词，"one of+可数名词复数"表示"……之一"，故此处应用其复数形式，故填
plans。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词汇和语法等方面
综合考虑，结合上下文语境填写正确答案。
59五．其他阅读题型（共1小题）
19．（2021•滨海新区三模）Zhang Xingli，a 60﹣year﹣old villager，sat on a stone in front of his
house and struck a pose as painters quickly sketched him and his traditional house.At his age，Zhang
never thought he could earn money working as a model in Sanhe，a poverty﹣stricken mountain
village in Henan province.The village welcomes tourists who come to draw landscapes and recreate
the beauty of its traditional houses.
In fact，the village was once in poverty and the surrounding rolling hills and deep gorges made it
difficult to access.Most of the land was not fertile and there was no mineral wealth under the
ground.One﹣third of the 415 village households lived in poverty.
In 2016，changes began when Feng Yake，a native，returned to the village from Zhengzhou，the
provincial capital.As a college﹣trained artist，the 33﹣year﹣old had run an art school in Zhengzhou for
years.During that period，Feng had taken his students to many places to draw landscapes，which made
him realize the value of the rustic village. "Mountains，groves by the river，cottages﹣this type of
scenery was exactly what schools and art studios needed for their students.I thought it would be
wonderful if I could return home and open a sketch base.So I decided to come back." Feng said.
Feng raised 1.5 million yuan and went back to his hometown.He turned his old house into a four﹣
floor hotel for art students who wanted to paint and draw landscapes.Six months later，Feng and his
family earned 200，000 yuan.His vision brought fellow villagers inspiration They were encouraged to
build and run homestays.Old houses and a bean curd workshop were repaired.The walls were painted
white to contrast with the gray roof tiles.The village signed contracts with more than 70 art studios to
receive artists and students.
Sanhe Village shook off poverty in 2018.Now，25 agritainment（农家乐）resorts have been built in
the village，receiving more than 30，000 tourists and generating an annual income of over 4 million
yuan.The influx of tourists has brought more job opportunities to Sanhe villagers，and many young
people have returned to start businesses.
（1）How does Zhang Xingli earn money？（no more than 5 words） B y workin g a s a model .
（2）What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us？（no more than 10 words） Sanhe wa s once in
poverty./ The households of Sanhe （ The Sanhe villagers ） once lived in poverty .
（3）Why did Feng Yake return to his hometown from Zhengzhou？（no more than 20 words）
Because he realized the value of the rustic village and wanted to open a sketch base in his
hometown .
60（4）What does the underlined part "shook off" in Paragraph 5 mean？（no more than 3 words）
Got rid of./Eliminated .
（5）What do you think of Feng Yake？Please explain.（no more than 20 words） On e possibl e
answer ： He is creative and determined because he helped his hometown shake off poverty .
【考点】脱贫攻坚．
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【答案】（1）By working as a model.
（2）Sanhe was once in poverty./ The households of Sanhe （The Sanhe villagers）once lived in
poverty.
（3）Because he realized the value of the rustic village and wanted to open a sketch base in his
hometown.
（4）Got rid of./Eliminated.
（5）One possible answer：He is creative and determined because he helped his hometown shake off
poverty.
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了艺术家冯亚科帮助家乡三合村摆脱贫困的故事。
【解答】（1）By working as a model.细节理解题。根据文章第一段"At his age，Zhang never
thought he could earn money working as a model in Sanhe，a poverty﹣stricken mountain village in
Henan province. （在他这个年纪，张从未想过自己能在河南省贫困山村三合村当模特挣钱。） "可知，
张兴利是通过当模特挣钱的。故答案为By working as a model.
（2）Sanhe was once in poverty./ The households of Sanhe （The Sanhe villagers）once lived in
poverty.细节理解题。通过文章第二段"In fact，the village was once in poverty and the surrounding
rolling hills and deep gorges made it difficult to access.Most of the land was not fertile and there
was no mineral wealth under the ground.One﹣third of the 415 village households lived in poverty.
（实上，这个村庄曾一度陷入贫困 ，周围连绵起伏的山丘和深邃的峡谷使其难以进入。大部分土地并
不肥沃，地下也没有矿藏。415户村民中有三分之一生活贫困。 ）可知，三合村曾经很贫穷，三台村
民的家庭曾经生活在贫困中。故答案为Sanhe was once in poverty./ The households of Sanhe （The
Sanhe vllagers）once lived in poverty.
（3）Because he realized the value of the rustic village and wanted to open a sketch base in his
hometown.细节理解题。通过文章第三段"During that period，Feng had taken his students to many
places to draw landscapes，which made him realize the value of the rustic village. "Mountains，
groves by the river，cottages﹣this type of scenery was exactly what schools and art studios needed
for their students.I thought it would be wonderful if I could return home and open a sketch base.So I
decided to come back." Feng said. （在那段时间里，冯亚科带着学生们到许多地方去画风景画，这使
61他认识到乡村的价值。冯亚科说： "山峦、河边的小树林、村舍这种景色正是学校和艺术工作室所需
要的。我想如果能回家开个素描基地就太好了。所以我决定回来。" ）"可知，冯亚科从郑州回到家乡
的原因是意识到了乡村的价值，想在家乡开个素描基地。故答案为 Because he realized the value of
the rustic village and wanted to open a sketch base in his hometown.
（4）Got rid of./Eliminated.词义猜测题。根据画线词下文"Now，25 agritainment（农家乐）resorts
have been built in the vllage，receiving more than 30，000 tourists and generating an annual income
of over 4 million yuan.The influx of tourists has brought more job opportunities to Sanhe villagers，
and many young people have returned to start businesses. （目前，村里已建成25个农家乐度假村，
每年接待游客超过3万人次，年收入超过400万元。游客的涌入为三台村民带来了更多的就业机会，
许多年轻人回国创业。）"可推知，目前三合村已经摆脱了贫困，shook off意为摆脱，脱离"。故答案
为Got rid of./Eliminated.
（5）One possible answer：He is creative and determined because he helped his hometown shake off
poverty.开放回答题。答案不唯一。通过文章倒数第二段"Feng raised 1.5 million yuan and went back
to his hometown.He turned his old house into a four﹣floor hotel for art students who wanted to
paint and draw landscapes.Six months later，Feng and his family earned 200，000 yuan.His vision
brought fellow vllagers inspiration They were encouraged to build and run homestays.
Old houses and a bean curd workshop were repaired.The walls were painted white to contrast with
the gray roof tiles.The village signed contracts with more than 70 art studios to receive artists and
students. （冯亚科筹集了150万元，回到了家乡。他把他的老房子变成了一个四层楼的旅馆，供那些
想画风景画的艺术学生住。半年后，冯亚科和家人赚了 20万元。他的远见给村民们带来了灵感，鼓励
他们建造和经营寄宿家庭。旧房子和豆腐作坊都修好了。墙壁被漆成白色以与灰色的屋顶瓦形成对比。
该村与70多家艺术工作室签订合同，接收艺术家和学生。） "可推知，冯亚科有创造力和决心，帮助
家乡摆脱了贫困。故答案为One possible answer：He is creative and determined because he helped
his hometown shake off poverty.
【点评】阅读表达题往往从不同的角度命题，既考查学生的阅读理解能力，也考查他们的英语表达能
力和概括能力，另外，对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的也有较高的要求。
六．短文改错（共6小题）
20．（2022•海拉尔区校级四模）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下
作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉。
修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
62注意：1.每处错误及其修改仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Tom，
Long time no see.Are you busy with your study？As a Chinese student，I am diligence and
hardworking，but I always feel I am under great pressure，what does harm to my physical and mental
health.Fortunately，to solve a problem，the Chinese government had launched a policy named "double
reduction" recently.Let me tell you anything about it.
To begin with，private tutoring will forbidden to help reduce our learning burden.Beside，the
amount of homework is lightened.In addition，schools will offer students with day care services during
holidays，so that parents don't have to arrange special classes designing for us during summer and
winter vacations.Thanks to the policy，I don't feel anxious any more.
What's your opinion about the policy？I'm looking forward to your replies.
Yours，
Li Hua
【考点】双减政策．
菁优网版权所有
【答案】1.diligence改为diligent；2.what改为which；3.a改为the；4.had改为has；5.anything改为
something；6.在forbidden前加 be；7.Beside 改为Besides；8.去掉with；9.designing改为designed；
10.replies改为reply.
【分析】本文是一封书信。信中介绍了中国政府最近推出的为学生减负的"双减"政策。
【解答】Dear Tom，
Long time no see.Are you busy with your study？As a Chinese student，I am diligence and
hardworking，but I always feel I am under great pressure，what does harm to my physical and mental
health.Fortunately，to solve a problem，the Chinese government had launched a policy named "double
reduction" recently.Let me tell you anythin g about it.
To begin with，private tutoring will∧ forbidden to help reduce our learning burden.Beside，the
amount of homework is lightened.In addition，schools will offer students with day care services during
holidays，so that parents don't have to arrange special classes designing for us during summer and
winter vacations.Thanks to the policy，I don't feel anxious any more.
What's your opinion about the policy？I'm looking forward to your replies.
Yours，
Li Hua
详解：
631.diligence改为diligent.考查形容词。句意：作为一名中国学生，我勤奋刻苦，但我总是感到压力很大，
这对我的身心健康有害。分析可知，此处作表语，说明主语的品质，故应用形容词 diligent"勤奋的"。
故diligence改为diligent。
2.what改为which.考查定语从句关系词。句意：作为一名中国学生，我勤奋刻苦，但我总是感到压力
很大，这对我的身心健康有害。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词pressure，先行词
指物，在定语从句中主语，故应用关系代词which引导。故what改为which。
3.a改为the.考查冠词。句意：幸运的是，为了解决这个问题，中国政府最近推出了一项名为"双减"的
政策。根据语境可知，此处指上文提到的"压力大"这一问题，为特指，应用定冠词the。故a改为the。
4.had改为has.考查时态及主谓一致。句意：幸运的是，为了解决这个问题，中国政府最近推出了一项
名为"双减"的政策。结合语境和句中时间状语 recently可知，句子应用现在完成时态，且主语 the
Chinese government是单数名词，助动词应用has。故had改为has。
5.anything改为something.考查不定代词。句意：让我告诉你一些关于它的事情。anything常用于否定
句或疑问句，表示"任何事物"；此处为肯定句，应使用不定代词 something，表示"一些事情"。故
anything改为something。
6.在forbidden前加be.考查语态。句意：首先，私人辅导将被禁止，以帮助减轻我们的学习负担。分析
可知，主语private tutoring与动词forbid之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。
故在forbidden前加be。
7.Beside改为Besides.考查副词。句意：此外，家庭作业也减少了。beside是介词，表示"在……旁边"，
分析可知，此处应用连接副词besides，表示"而且，此外"。故Beside改为Besides。
8.去掉with.考查介词。句意：此外，学校还会在节假日为学生提供日托服务，这样家长就不用在寒暑
假为我们安排专门的课程了。动词offer后跟双宾语，即offer sb.sth."给某人提供某物"，介词with多余。
故去掉with。
9.designing改为designed.考查过去分词。句意：此外，学校还会在节假日为学生提供日托服务，这样
家长就不用在寒暑假为我们安排专门的课程了。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词
classes，且design与其逻辑主语classes之间是被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。故designing改
为designed。
10.replies改为reply.考查可数名词单数。句意：我期待你的回复。reply"回复"是可数名词，结合语境可
知，此处指"你的回复"是单数概念，故reply应用单数形式。故replies改为reply。
【点评】短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；
3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
21．（2022•朝阳区校级模拟）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下
作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
64增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
On Friday，March 13，my six﹣year﹣old son came to home with a pack of worksheets in his
backpack.Then I got the terrified email what said school would close for at least two weeks.The COVID
﹣19 quarantine has begun.My initially reaction，after several day of uncertainty and anxiety over if
schools would close，was a relief.At least now I would know he was home safe.I spent the weekend
dig in my home like the groundhogs in my backyard，setting up classroom on my dining room table，
gathering pencils and paper.I thought I wouldn't have problems stayed calm during quarantine.
【考点】新型冠状病毒．
菁优网版权所有
【答案】1.删除 came 后的 to；2.terrified 改为 terrifying；3.what 改为 that/which；4.has 改为 had；
5.initially改为initial；6.day改为days；7.if改为whether；8.dig改为digging；9.在classroom前加a；
10.stayed改为staying；
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的儿子在新型冠状病毒肺炎隔离期间无法上学及作者对此
做出的反应。
【解答】On Friday，March 13，my six﹣year﹣old son came to home with a pack of worksheets in
his backpack.Then I got the terrified email wha t said school would close for at least two weeks.The
COVID﹣19 quarantine has begun.My initially reaction，after several day of uncertainty and anxiety
over if schools would close，was a relief.At least now I would know he was home safe.I spent the
weekend dig in my home like the groundhogs in my backyard，setting up∧ classroom on my dining
room table，gathering pencils and paper.I thought I wouldn't have problems stayed calm during
quarantine.
详解：
1.删除came后的to.考查固定短语。句意：3月13日，星期五，我六岁的儿子背包里装着一包活页练习
题回家了。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语come home，意为"回家"，home为副词，前面不与to连
用。故删除came后的to。
2.terrified改为terrifying.考查形容词。句意：然后我收到了一封可怕的电子邮件，说学校至少要关门两
周。分析句子可知，email为名词，指物，前面应用terrifying修饰，意为"令人害怕的"，形容词词性，
修饰物，作定语，terrified"害怕的"，形容词词性，修饰人，不符合语境。故将 terrified 改为
65terrifying。
3.what改为that/which.考查定语从句。句意：然后我收到了一封可怕的电子邮件，说学校至少要关门两
周。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为 email，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代
词that/which引导从句。故将what改为that/which。
4.has改为had.考查时态。句意：新型冠状病毒肺炎隔离期已经开始。分析句子可知，上文陈述的是过
去发生的事，"隔离期开始"的动作发生在过去的过去，故句子应用过去完成时，谓语动词为"had
done"。故将has改为had。
5.initially改为initial.考查形容词。句意：经过几天对学校是否会关闭的不确定性和焦虑，我最初的反
应是松了一口气。分析句子可知，"reaction"为名词，前面应用形容词修饰，"initially"为副词，对应的
形容词为initial"最初的"，作定语。故将initially改为initial。
6.day改为days.考查可数名词复数。句意：经过几天对学校是否会关闭的不确定性和焦虑，我最初的
反应是松了一口气。分析句子可知，day为可数名词，several后接可数名词复数形式，day的复数形式
为days。故将day改为days。
7.if改为whether.考查宾语从句。句意：经过几天对学校是否会关闭的不确定性和焦虑，我最初的反应
是松了一口气。分析句子可知，句子为宾语从句，over为介词，后面不用if引导从句，应用whether
引导从句，意为"是否"。故将if改为whether。
8.dig改为digging.考查动名词。句意：我整个周末都像我家后院的土拨鼠一样在我家里搜寻，在餐厅
的桌子上设置了一间教室，收集铅笔和纸。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语"人+spend+时间+（in）
doing sth."，意为"某人花费时间做某事"，dig"搜寻"，动词词性，动名词形式为digging。故将dig改为
digging。
9.在classroom前加a.考查不定冠词。句意：我整个周末都像我家后院的土拨鼠一样在我家里搜寻，在
餐厅的桌子上设置了一间教室，收集铅笔和纸。分析句子可知，句中 classroom为可数名词，根据句意
可知，句中泛指设置了一间教室，classroom的发音以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a修饰。故在
classroom前加a。
10.stayed改为staying.考查动名词。句意：我想我在隔离期间保持冷静不会有问题。分析句子可知，句
中涉及固定短语"have problems （in） doing sth."，意为"做某事时有问题"，stay"保持"，动词词性，
动名词形式为staying。故将stayed改为staying。
【点评】短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；
3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
22．（2022•昆明模拟）假定英语课上，老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
作文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
66删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Millions of students across China watched the live broadcast of the lecture giving by Shenzhou﹣13
crew members in last month.During the one﹣hour class，students learned about the working environment
of the space station.Amazing，they observed experiments related to human body movement as well cell
growth in the weightless environment.They were so excited to attend such the wonderful live class in
which they learned much about space than before.After they hear about the negative effects of the space
environment on human body，they expressed their admiration for the astronaut. "They are really great
people.They have devoted himself to the space exploration though facing high risks.There is no doubt
whether their devotion deserves our respect."
【考点】网络直播．
菁优网版权所有
【答案】（1）giving改为given （2）去掉in （3）Amazing改为Amazingly （4）well后加as （5）
the改为a （6）much改为more （7）hear改为heard（8）astronaut改为astronauts（9）himself改为
themselves （10）whether改为that
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍全国数百万学生观看了神舟十三号机组人员演讲的现场直
播的情况。
【解答】Millions of students across China watched the live broadcast of the lecture giving by
Shenzhou﹣13 crew members in last month.During the one﹣hour class，students learned about the
working environment of the space station.Amazing，they observed experiments related to human body
movement as well ∧cell growth in the weightless environment.They were so excited to attend such
the wonderful live class in which they learned much about space than before.After they hear about
the negative effects of the space environment on human body，they expressed their admiration for the
astronaut. "They are really great people.They have devoted himself to the space exploration though
facing high risks.There is no doubt whether their devotion deserves our respect."
【详解】
（1）giving改为given.考查过去分词。句意：上个月，全国数百万学生观看了神舟十三号机组人员演
讲的现场直播。名词lecture与give之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故将giving改为
given。
（2）去掉in.考查时间状语。句意：上个月，全国数百万学生观看了神舟十三号机组人员演讲的现场
直播。含有 this，that，last，next 等的时间状语前不加任何介词。故去掉in。
67（3）Amazing改为Amazingly.考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们在失重的环境中观察到与人体运
动和细胞生长有关的实验。句中用副词作状语，修饰整个句子。故将Amazing改为Amazingly。
（4）well后加as.考查短语。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们在失重的环境中观察到与人体运动和细胞生
长有关的实验。as well as也、以及，为连词短语，连接并列的名词。故在well后加as。
（5）the改为a.考查冠词。句意：他们很兴奋能参加这样一个精彩的现场课堂，他们学到了比以前更
多的关于太空的知识。such + a/an +adj.+ n.如此……。形容词wonderful发音以辅音音素开头，所以
用不定冠词a。故将the改为a。
（6）much改为more.考查比较级。句意：他们很兴奋能参加这样一个精彩的现场课堂，他们学到了比
以前更多的关于太空的知识。根据介词than可知，用副词的比较级形式。故将much改为more。
（7）hear改为heard.考查时态。句意：当他们听说太空环境对人体的负面影响后，他们表达了对宇航
员的钦佩之情。根据文章时态可知，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故将hear改为heard。
（8）astronaut改为astronauts.考查名词的数。句意：当他们听说太空环境对人体的负面影响后，他们
表达了对宇航员的钦佩之情。名词astronaut为可数名词，根据后句中的they可知，是多名宇航员，所
以用复数形式。故将astronaut改为astronauts。
（9）himself改为themselves.考查代词。句意：尽管面临着很大的风险，他们还是致力于太空探索。根
据主语 They 可知，用反身代词 themselves，表示"他们致力于太空探索"，故将 himself 改为
themselves。
（10）whether改为that.考查固定句型。句意：毫无疑问，他们的奉献值得我们尊敬。There is no
doubt that…毫无疑问……该句型是固定句型。故将whether改为that。
【点评】短文改错考查涉及面广，但却有所侧重。考查点测试频率最高的是动词，涉及动词考查的有
时态、语态、非谓语动词形式、情态动词和动词的用法等。此外，还考查名词、介词、代词、冠词、
形容词、副词、连词等，还涉及到句型结构、行文逻辑、固定搭配等。
23．（2021•四川模拟）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
In 2013，a 18﹣month﹣old boy got sick after playing near a hollow tree in his backyard.He was
developed a fever.Two days late，he died.And during the next two years more than 11，000 people
die.The World Health Organization put out a report，said the Ebola outbreak which probably came from
68that hollow tree might have been caused by deforestation because foreign mining and wood cutting.
"When you disturb a forest，it actual upsets the balance of nature and the balance between pathogens
（病原体）and people，" said John E Fa，a professor in a team of researchers which linked recent
forest loss to the Ebola outbreak.Scientists have long warmed that the reshaping of Earth's landscape will
have worried consequences for the climate and biodiversity.More and more informations shows that forest
loss can also increase the risk of some infectious diseases.
【考点】新型冠状病毒．
菁优网版权所有
【答案】1.a改为an；2.去掉was；3.late改为later；4.die改为died；5.said改为saying；6.because后加
of；7.actual改为actually；8.which改为who；9.worried改为worrying；10.informations改为information.
【分析】本文为说明文，主要讲述越来越多的信息表明，森林损失也会增加某些传染病的风险。
【解答】In 2013，a 18﹣month﹣old boy got sick after playing near a hollow tree in his
backyard.He was developed a fever.Two days late，he died.And during the next two years more than
11，000 people die.The World Health Organization put out a report，said the Ebola outbreak which
probably came from that hollow tree might have been caused by deforestation because∧ foreign
mining and wood cutting. "When you disturb a forest，it actual upsets the balance of nature and the
balance between pathogens（病原体）and people，" said John E Fa，a professor in a team of
researchers which linked recent forest loss to the Ebola outbreak.Scientists have long warmed that the
reshaping of Earth's landscape will have worried consequences for the climate and biodiversity.More
and more informations shows that forest loss can also increase the risk of some infectious diseases.
详解：
1.a改为an.考查冠词。句意：2013年，一个18个月大的男孩在后院的一棵空心树附近玩耍后生病。18
﹣month﹣old为元音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词an，故a改为an.
2.去掉was.考查动词语态。句意：他发烧了。he与develop之间是主动关系，故去掉was.
3.late改为later.考查副词。句意：两天之后，他死了。late表示"晚"，later表示"晚些时候，...之后"，
two days later表示"两天后"符合句意，故late改为later.
4.die改为died.考查动词时态。句意：在接下来的两年里，超过11000人死亡。结合句意可知，此处在
讲述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时，故die改为died.
5.said改为saying.考查现在分词。句意：世界卫生组织发布了一份报告，称埃博拉病毒的爆发可能是
由这棵空心树引起的，可能是由于外国采矿和伐木造成的森林砍伐。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动
词作状语，The World Health Organization与say之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故said改为
saying.
6.because后加of.考查介词。句意：世界卫生组织发布了一份报告，称埃博拉病毒的爆发可能是由这棵
69空心树引起的，可能是由于外国采矿和伐木造成的森林砍伐。because后面加句子，because of后面加
名词或动名词，此处后面加的是动名词foreign mining and wood cutting，故because后加of.
7.actual改为actually.考查副词。句意：当你扰乱一片森林时，它实际上破坏了自然的平衡以及病原体
和人之间的平衡。分析句子可知，此处修饰动词upsets，副词修饰动词，故actual改为actually.
8.which改为who.考查定语从句。句意：约翰•埃法是一个研究小组的教授，该小组将最近的森林损失
与埃博拉疫情联系起来。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为a team of researchers，在从句
中作主语，故用who引导定语从句，故which改为who.
9.worried改为worrying.考查形容词。句意：科学家们早就意识到，地球景观的重塑将对气候和生物多
样性产生令人担忧的后果。worried表示"感到担忧的"，多形容人，worrying表示"令人担忧的"多形容
物，结合句意可知，此处表示"令人担忧的后果"，故worried改为worrying.
10.informations改为information.考查名词。句意：越来越多的资料表明，森林的丧失也会增加一些传
染病的风险。information为不可数名词，故informations改为information.
【点评】短文改错是一项综合技能，考查学生对语言的综合运用能力。该题型要求学生在阅读中敏锐
地发现、判断、纠正语篇中的词法、句法及语法问题。
24．（2021•宜宾模拟）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The person I respect most is my neighbor Uncle Li. He is so patient with each one that we are all
like him. He was a volunteer whom worked as a gate guard during the epidemic of COVID﹣19， but
his main duty was to measure body temperature. Uncle Li was devoted his job， even in terribly
weather. It is his patient and the sense of responsibility which make me admire him.
Thanks to volunteers' efforts in epidemic prevention and control， we avoided getting infecting.
Actually， a number of selfless people like Uncle Li around us is on the rise， and they well deserve
us respect.
【考点】新型冠状病毒．
菁优网版权所有
【答案】（1）去掉are（2）whom改为who/that（3）but改为and（4）his前面加to（5）terribly改为
terrible（6）patient改为patience（7）which改为that（8）infecting改为infected（9）is改为are（10）
us改为our
70【分析】本文作者介绍了自己最尊敬的人：李叔叔﹣﹣﹣﹣一位耐心、负责的门卫。
【解答】The person I respect most is my neighbor Uncle Li. He is so patient with each one that we
are all like him. He was a volunteer whom worked as a gate guard during the epidemic of COVID
﹣19， but his main duty was to measure body temperature. Uncle Li was devoted∧ his job， even
in terribly weather. It is his patient and the sense of responsibility which make me admire him.
Thanks to volunteers' efforts in epidemic prevention and control， we avoided getting infecting.
Actually， a number of selfless people like Uncle Li around us is on the rise， and they well deserve
us respect.
详解：
（1）去掉are.考查句子结构。句意：他对每个人都很有耐心，我们都很喜欢他。like为"喜欢"，作谓
语，are多余，故去掉are.
（2）whom改为who/that.考查定语从句。句意：他是一名志愿者，在新冠肺炎流行期间担任门卫，他
的主要职责是测量体温。小鲜肉为人，在定语从句中作主语，故whom改为who/that.
（3）but改为and.考查连词。句意：他是一名志愿者，在新冠肺炎流行期间担任门卫，他的主要职责
是测量体温。前后是并列关系，而不是转折关系，所以用and连接，故but改为and.
（4）his前面加to.考查固定搭配。句意：即使在恶劣的天气里，李叔叔也全心投入工作。be devoted
to致力于，为固定搭配，故his前面加to.
（5）terribly改为terrible.考查形容词。句意：即使在恶劣的天气里，李叔叔也全心投入工作。修饰名
词，所以用形容词，故terribly改为terrible.
（6）patient改为patience.考查名词的数。句意：就是他的耐心和责任感使我钦佩他。本句为强调句，
强调句子的主语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故patient改为patience.
（7）which改为that.考查强调句。句意：就是他的耐心和责任感使我钦佩他。本句为强调句，强调句
型为it is+被强调部分+that+剩余部分，强调句子的主语，故which改为that.
（8）infecting改为infected.考查语态。句意：由于志愿者在防疫和控制方面的努力，我们避免了被感
染。表示"被感染"，所以用过去分词和get构成被动语态，故infecting改为infected.
（9）is改为are.考查主谓一致。句意：其实，我们身边像李叔叔这样无私的人越来越多，a number
of+复数名词作主语，故is改为are.
（10）us改为our.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他们很值得我们尊敬。放在名词前面，所以用形容
词性物主代词，故us改为our.
【点评】1. 先通读全文。认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清大意。注意文章中上下文的逻辑关
系是否正确，时态、人称、主谓、指代等是否一致。
2．聚焦出题热点、综合运用所学语言知识，对不同的错误情况进行分析和回答（即改词、加词或减
71词）。
3．再次通读全文，校对自己的改正是否正确。一般各种改错的方式都应该用到，如果出现了某一种改
法（如加词、减词等）没有用到，要考虑自己的改错应该有问题，要对刚才不是很有把握的行进行推
敲。
25．（2021•河南一模）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Because of the COVID﹣19 pandemic，people are required to wearing masks on buses in China.
However，one day，I forget to wear one when I was heading for a vital exam. While boarding the
bus，I stopped by the driver. Realizing what I would be late for the exam，I nearly burst into tear. Just
at that time，an old lady handed me with a mask，telling me not to worry. Thanks to his precious
gift，I was final in time for the exam.
Not only does the mask show our great qualities to help each other in face of great danger，but it
also represented the Chinese people's determination to prevent but control the pandemic.
【考点】新型冠状病毒．
菁优网版权所有
【答案】1.wearing改为wear；2.forget改为forgot；3.stopped前加was；4.what改为that/去掉what；
5.tear改为tears；6.去掉with；7.his改为her；8.final改为finally；9.represented改为represents；10.but
改为and.
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在疫情期间由于没有戴口罩而被司机拦住不让上车，
一位老太太给了他一个口罩，最终他及时赶上了考试。
【解答】Because of the COVID﹣19 pandemic，people are required to wearing masks on buses in
China. However，one day，I forget to wear one when I was heading for a vital exam. While
boarding the bus，I ∧ stopped by the driver. Realizing what I would be late for the exam，I
nearly burst into tear. Just at that time，an old lady handed me with a mask，telling me not to
worry. Thanks to his precious gift，I was final in time for the exam.
Not only does the mask show our great qualities to help each other in face of great danger，but it
also represented the Chinese people's determination to prevent but control the pandemic.
详解：
721.wearing改为wear.考查动词不定式。句意：由于新冠肺炎的流行，中国公共汽车上要求戴口罩。
require sb.to do sth.为固定用法，意为"要求某人做某事"，动词不定式to do sth.在该结构中作宾语补
足语。故wearing改为wear.
2.forget改为forgot.考查动词时态。句意：然而，有一天，我在去参加一个重要考试的路上忘记戴口罩
了。根据时间状语one day可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故forget改为forgot.
3.stopped前加was.考查被动语态。句意：上车时，我被司机拦住了。根据句意"被拦住"和句中"by"可
知，主语I和谓语动词stop为被动关系，且此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时的被动语态，
主语为l，be动词应使用was。故stopped前加was.
4.what改为that/去掉what.考查宾语从句。句意：意识到我考试要迟到了，我几乎哭了起来。此处引导
宾语从句，从句不缺成分，需用连接词that来引导，that可以省略。故what改为that/去掉what.
5.tear改为tears.考查名词。句意：意识到我考试要迟到了，我几乎哭了起来。burst into tears为固定短
语，意为"大哭起来"。tear为可数名词，此处使用名词复数形式。故tear改为tear.
6.去掉with.考查介词。句意：就在这时，一位老妇人递给我一个口罩，告诉我不要担心。hand sb. sth.
为固定短语，意为"递给某人某物"hand后接了双宾语，with是多余的。故去掉with.
7.his改为her. 考查代词。句意：多亏了她珍贵的礼物，我终于及时参加了考试。根据上文 an old lady
可知，此处应用her代指。故his改为her.
8.final改为finally.考查副词。句意：多亏了她珍贵的礼物，我终于及时参加了考试。final"最终的"是形
容词，但此处需用副词修饰整个句子，该词的副词形式为finally。故final改为finally.
9.represented改为represents.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：戴口罩不仅体现了中国人民同舟共济、
守望相助的伟大精神，也体现了中国人民防控疫情的决心。根据上文"Not only does "可知，时态是一
般现在时；"not only﹣﹣﹣but also﹣﹣﹣（不仅﹣﹣﹣而且﹣﹣﹣）"并列了两个句子，后句时态要
与前句的时态保持一致，主语为it，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故represented改为represents.
10.but改为and.考查连词。句意：戴口罩不仅体现了中国人民同舟共济、守望相助的伟大精神，也体
现了中国人民防控疫情的决心。此处prevent和control为并列关系，无转折之意，需用连词and连接。
故but改为and.
【点评】短文改错是一种综合技能，主要考查学生发现、判断、纠正错误的能力以及在语篇中准确地
综合运用所学知识的能力。
73考点卡片
1．传统文化
【考点介绍】
这类文章通常涉及不同国家和地区的文化传统、历史背景、风俗习惯等，常以完形填空、阅读理解、语
法填空、短文填空等形式出现，要求考生在理解语篇的基础上，对相关文化背景有一定的了解，并能够
准确把握语篇中的文化内涵和语言表达方式。
【解题思路】
1.了解文化背景：在阅读语篇之前，可以先通过查阅书籍、网络等途径，了解该文化的历史、地理、宗教、
习俗等方面的信息。
2.分析语篇结构：传统文化类语篇通常具有一定的结构特点，比如按照时间顺序或空间顺序来组织内容。
3.注意语言特点：传统文化类语篇通常使用一些特定的词汇、短语和表达方式，这些语言特点需要在翻译
或理解时特别注意。例如，一些文化特定的词汇可能涉及到历史、宗教、艺术等领域。
4.结合上下文理解：传统文化类语篇中可能会出现一些难以理解的典故、比喻等，需要结合上下文进行理
解。
5.练习和积累：可以多种途径积累相关的知识和经验，例如参加相关的文化交流活动，了解不同国家和地
区的文化传统。
2．一带一路
【考点介绍】
这类文章通常涉及一带一路的理念及发挥的作用等，常以完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空、短文填空等
形式出现，要求考生在理解语篇的基础上，对相关文化背景有一定的了解，并能够准确把握语篇中的文
化内涵和语言表达方式。
【解题思路】
1.快速阅读全文：了解文章的大致内容。在阅读时，要注意寻找主题句，通常主题句会出现在段首或段尾。
2.仔细阅读问题：明确每个问题的具体要求。
3.定位细节信息：在寻找细节信息时，要注意时间、数字、地点等关键信息，这些细节信息可能会对解题
产生帮助。
4.做出合理推断：除了从文章中直接找到的细节信息外，考生还需要根据文章中的内容进行合理推断。
5.仔细检查答案：检查时要注意是否符合原文中的表述、是否符合逻辑、是否有语法错误等。如果时间允
许，也可以再次浏览全文，确认所选答案是否正确。
3．脱贫攻坚
【考点介绍】
"脱贫攻坚"是中国政府近年来提出的一项重大政策，旨在消除贫困，实现全面小康。
74【解题思路】
1.快速阅读全文：了解文章的大致内容。在阅读时，要注意寻找主题句，通常主题句会出现在段首或段尾。
2.仔细阅读问题：明确每个问题的具体要求。
3.定位细节信息：在寻找细节信息时，要注意时间、数字、地点等关键信息，这些细节信息可能会对解题
产生帮助。
4.做出合理推断：除了从文章中直接找到的细节信息外，考生还需要根据文章中的内容进行合理推断。
5.仔细检查答案：检查时要注意是否符合原文中的表述、是否符合逻辑、是否有语法错误等。如果时间允
许，也可以再次浏览全文，确认所选答案是否正确。
4．碳中和
【考点介绍】
英语考试中，碳中和相关的文章可能涉及介绍碳中和的概念、重要性、实现方式、实践案例以及挑战等
方面，题型可能包括阅读理解、完形填空、写作等多种形式。
【解题思路】
1.阅读理解：在阅读理解部分，文章可能介绍碳中和的概念、重要性和实现方式等，也可能讨论碳中和面
临的挑战和实践案例。考生需要仔细阅读全文，理解文章的主旨和细节，并能够根据问题中的关键词在
文章中定位相关信息。根据问题要求，考生需要判断某个陈述是否正确或根据文章内容回答某个问题。
2.完形填空：在完形填空部分，文章可能以碳中和为主题，描述某个地区或国家的碳中和情况，包括其实
现方式、实践案例等。考生需要根据上下文和语法知识，从所给的选项中选择正确的单词完成文章。此
时，考生需要注意全文的逻辑结构和语法搭配。
3.写作：在写作部分，题目可能要求考生以碳中和为主题写一篇文章，介绍碳中和的概念、重要性、实现
方式、实践案例等。考生需要用正确的语法和词汇，清晰地表达自己的观点。在写作过程中，注意文章
的逻辑结构和语法搭配。
5．新型冠状病毒
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，与新型冠状病毒相关的文章可能涉及介绍新型冠状病毒的基本信息、传播方式、症状、
预防措施以及社会影响等方面。题型可能包括阅读理解、完形填空、写作等多种形式。
【解题思路】
1.阅读理解：在阅读理解部分，文章可能介绍新型冠状病毒的基本信息、传播方式、症状、预防措施以及
社会影响等。考生需要仔细阅读全文，理解文章的主旨和细节，并能够根据问题中的关键词在文章中定
位相关信息。根据问题要求，考生需要判断某个陈述是否正确或根据文章内容回答某个问题。
2.完形填空：在完形填空部分，文章可能以新型冠状病毒为主题，描述该病毒的传播方式、症状、预防措
施等。考生需要根据上下文和语法知识，从所给的选项中选择正确的单词完成文章。此时，考生需要注
意全文的逻辑结构和语法搭配。
753.写作：在写作部分，题目可能要求考生以新型冠状病毒为主题写一篇文章，介绍该病毒的传播方式、症
状、预防措施等。考生需要用正确的语法和词汇，清晰地表达自己的观点。在写作过程中，注意文章的
逻辑结构和语法搭配。
6．网络直播
【考点介绍】
在英语阅读理解中，与网络直播相关的文章可能涉及介绍网络直播的概念、特点、发展历程、应用场景
以及优劣等方面，考生需要通过阅读全文，理解文章的主旨和重要信息，并基于文章内容回答问题。
【解题思路】
1.仔细阅读问题。明确题目所涉及的主题和问题，避免答题时跑题。
2.略读文章，抓住主旨。在阅读网络直播相关的文章时，需要抓住文章的主旨和关键信息，包括文章的主
题、主要内容和重要观点等，以便更好地回答问题。
3.仔细阅读文章，寻找关键信息。如数据、事实、例证等。注意细节信息的把握，特别是涉及到时间、地
点、人物等重要信息的描述。
4.理解作者意图和观点以及对网络直播的评价和态度。
5.根据问题类型回答问题。如果是细节题，要仔细阅读题干中的关键词，在文中找到对应的句子或段落，
直接回答问题；如果是主旨题，要认真阅读全文，把握文章的主旨和重要观点，用自己的语言概括回答
如果是推断题，要根据文章中的细节信息和作者的观点进行推断；如果是观点题，要在阅读文章的基础
上形成自己的观点，用自己的语言表述出来。
6.检查答案是否合理。在回答问题后，要仔细检查答案是否合理，是否符合文章的意思。如果发现错误，
要及时修改。
7．航空航天
【考点介绍】
在英语大题中，航天航空相关的文章可能涉及介绍航天航空的发展历程、基本概念、应用领域等方面的
内容，也可能包括对某一特定航天事件的介绍、评价和展望等。
【解题思路】
1.仔细阅读题干，明确题目要求：明确题目所问的是什么，需要从哪些角度回答问题，回答问题的字数限
制等。
2.略读全文，抓住文章的主旨和重要信息：在阅读航天航空相关的文章时，需要先快速浏览全文，抓住文
章的主旨和重要信息。注意文章的标题、开头和结尾部分，以及每个段落的中心内容。这些部分通常会
给出文章的主题、主要观点和重要信息。通过略读全文，可以大致了解文章的内容和结构。
3.仔细阅读问题，找到关键词并定位到文章相关段落：注意问题中提到的细节信息和文章中提到的关键信
息，例如时间、地点、人物等。找到相关段落后，需要仔细阅读并理解段落的内容，结合上下文信息和
76自己的判断，选择正确的答案。
4.注意细节信息，理解作者的意图和态度：特别是涉及到时间、地点、人物等重要信息的描述。同时，还
需要注意理解作者的意图和态度。作者可能会在文章中表达对航天航空的正面或负面评价，以及对未来
发展的预测等。
5.基于文章内容形成自己的观点并组织答案：在回答问题时，需要尽量用自己的语言来回答，同时要确保
答案符合文章的意思。如果问题要求考生表达自己的观点或态度，那么考生需要明确提出自己的立场，
并对相关问题进行分析和评价。在组织答案时，需要注意答案的逻辑性和条理性，可以按照问题的顺序
来回答，同时要注意使用连接词和短语来使答案通顺流畅。
8．网课
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，网课相关的文章可能涉及介绍网课的概念、特点、发展历程、应用场景以及优劣等方面
也可能包括对某一特定网课平台的介绍、评价和展望等。
【解题思路】
1.仔细阅读题干，明确题目要求：明确题目所问的是什么，需要从哪些角度回答问题，回答问题的字数限
制等。
2.略读全文，抓住文章的主旨和重要信息：在阅读网课相关的文章时，需要先快速浏览全文，抓住文章的
主旨和重要信息。注意文章的标题、开头和结尾部分，以及每个段落的中心内容。这些部分通常会给出
文章的主题、主要观点和重要信息。通过略读全文，可以大致了解文章的内容和结构。
3.根据问题类型回答问题：如果是细节题，要仔细阅读题干中的关键词，在文中找到对应的句子或段落，
直接回答问题；如果是主旨题，要认真阅读全文，把握文章的主旨和重要观点，用自己的语言概括回答
如果是推断题，要根据文章中的细节信息和作者的观点进行推断；如果是观点题，要在阅读文章的基础
上形成自己的观点，用自己的语言表述出来。
4.注意细节信息：特别是涉及到时间、地点、人物等重要信息的描述。同时，还需要注意作者的观点和态
度。作者可能会在文章中表达对网课的正面或负面评价，以及对未来发展的预测等。
5.检查答案是否合理：在回答问题后，要仔细检查答案是否合理，是否符合文章的意思。如果发现错误，
要及时修改。
9．双减政策
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，双减政策相关的文章可能涉及介绍双减政策的概念、目的、措施及其影响等方面，也可
能包括对双减政策实施中遇到的问题和挑战的分析等。
【解题思路】
1.仔细阅读题干，明确题目要求：明确题目所问的是什么，需要从哪些角度回答问题，回答问题的字数限
77制等。
2.略读全文，抓住文章的主旨和重要信息：注意文章的标题、开头和结尾部分，以及每个段落的中心内容。
这些部分通常会给出文章的主题、主要观点和重要信息。通过略读全文，可以大致了解文章的内容和结
构。
3.根据问题类型回答问题：如果是细节题，要仔细阅读题干中的关键词，在文中找到对应的句子或段落，
直接回答问题；如果是主旨题，要认真阅读全文，把握文章的主旨和重要观点，用自己的语言概括回答
如果是推断题，要根据文章中的细节信息和作者的观点进行推断；如果是观点题，要在阅读文章的基础
上形成自己的观点，用自己的语言表述出来。
4.注意细节信息：特别是涉及到时间、地点、人物等重要信息的描述。同时，还需要注意作者的观点和态
度。作者可能会在文章中表达对双减政策的正面或负面评价，以及对未来发展的预测等。
5.检查答案是否合理：在回答问题后，要仔细检查答案是否合理，是否符合文章的意思。如果发现错误，
要及时修改。
10．品行与态度
【考点介绍】
这类文章通常会提供一些关于品行、态度或价值观的论述或事例，例如介绍诚实和正直的重要性，学生
需要理解文章中的信息并推断作者的意图和态度。
【解题思路】
1.速读全文：了解文章的大致内容，特别注意文章的开头和结尾部分，这些部分通常会提供关键信息。
2.细节阅读：仔细阅读题目，带着问题回到文本中，找到相关的细节信息。注意文章中的论述、事例等关
键信息。
3.语境理解：对于一些不熟悉的词汇或表达，可以通过上下文推断其含义。
4.逻辑推理：根据文章中的信息进行推理，注意避免过度推理和主观臆断。
5.检查答案：完成所有的题目后，再次检查答案，确保没有遗漏或误解题意。如果对某个答案有疑问，可
以重新阅读相关段落，再次进行推理和分析。
11．传统习俗与文化
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，"传统习俗与文化"类语篇主要涉及不同国家和地区的文化传统和习俗。这类语篇通常会以
介绍、叙述、论述等形式出现，考查学生对文化传统和习俗的了解和表达能力。
【解题思路】
1.阅读理解：阅读时，要抓住主题或关键信息，这类题目通常会涉及到特定的文化传统和习俗。考生需要
理解文章的整体结构和作者的意图，注意细节信息的提取和整合。对于涉及文化传统和习俗的特定词汇
和表达方式，需要特别留意。
2.完形填空：注意上下文之间的联系和逻辑关系，根据题目所给的上下文信息，确定正确的选项。考生在
78做题时需要注意全文的语境和上下文的联系，尤其是题目中的空格与上下文之间的关联。
3.写作：这类题目可能要求考生就某个文化传统或习俗写一篇文章。考生需要了解不同国家和地区的文化
传统和习俗，掌握相关的术语和表达方式。写作时要注重文章的逻辑性和连贯性，同时运用适当的修辞
手法增强文章的表现力。
12．社会
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，"社会"类文章主要涉及社会现象、社会问题、社会政策等方面。这类文章通常会以论述题、
短文阅读、新闻报道等形式出现，考查学生对社会问题的了解和语言表达能力。
【解题思路】
1.阅读理解：阅读时，要抓住主题或关键信息，这类题目通常会涉及到某个社会现象或政策的解析和评价。
考生需要理解文章的整体结构和作者的意图，注意细节信息的提取和整合。对于涉及社会的专业词汇和
表达方式，需要特别留意。
2.完形填空：注意上下文之间的联系和逻辑关系，根据题目所给的上下文信息，确定正确的选项。考生在
做题时需要注意全文的语境和上下文的联系，尤其是题目中的空格与上下文之间的关联。
3.写作：这类题目可能要求考生就某个社会问题或现象写一篇文章。考生需要了解社会现象和社会政策的
形成原因、影响等，掌握相关的术语和表达方式。写作时要注重文章的逻辑性和连贯性，同时运用适当
的修辞手法增强文章的表现力。
13．记叙文
【考点介绍】
在英语考试中，"记叙文"类文章主要涉及个人或他人的经历、事件、情感等方面，通常以第一人称或第三
人称的角度进行叙述。这类文章可能包括故事、回忆录、游记、传记等不同形式，考查学生对语言表达
和情感态度的理解能力。
【解题思路】
1.抓住主题和关键信息：阅读时要注意文章中的时间、地点、人物和事件等关键信息，并理解作者的情感
态度和主题。
2.理解文章结构：记叙文通常有时间顺序、因果关系等结构特点，注意把握文章中的转折、承接等逻辑关
系。
3.注意细节：阅读时要注重细节描写，这些细节可能直接或间接地反映出作者的情感和态度，也可能构成
文章的线索。
4.完形填空：在完形填空题中，要根据上下文语境和语法知识选择正确选项。注意人物性格和情感的变化
以及情节的推进。
5.写作：如果要求写作记叙文，要明确人称和时态，注意事件的起承转合和人物性格的刻画。同时，运用
79适当的修辞手法可以增强文章的表现力。
14．说明文
【考点介绍】
在英语中，"说明文"类文章通常涉及对某个特定主题或观点的详细阐述。这类文章通常具有明确的目的，
旨在解释某个概念、过程或观点，帮助读者更好地理解和掌握。与议论文不同的是，说明文不涉及个人
观点和立场，而是侧重于客观地阐述事实和信息。
【解题思路】
1.理解主题和目的：注意文章的标题和开头段落，这可以帮助你快速了解文章的主题和作者要阐述的内容。
2.抓住主要特点：例如事物或现象的主要特点、工作原理或操作步骤等。
3.分析文章结构：通常来说，说明文会按照以下结构展开：引言（Introduction）、主体（Body）和结论
（Conclusion）。
4.细节阅读：注意文章中使用的实例、数据和插图等辅助材料。
5.完形填空：要根据上下文语境和语法知识选择正确选项。注意选项之间的逻辑关系和语法搭配，同时要
结合文章的主题和内容进行推理。
6.写作：要明确主题和目的，安排好文章结构。在写作过程中，使用适当的语言表达自己的观点和解释，
同时要注意语言的准确性和逻辑性。可以使用实例、数据和图表等辅助材料来支持你的观点。
声明：试题解析著作权属菁优网所有，未经书面同意，不得复制发布日期：2024/11/5 15:01:45；用户：组卷59；邮箱：zyb059@xyh.com；学号：41419022
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