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宁波市 2016 年初中毕业生学业考试
英语(含答案全解全析)
(满分:120分;考试时间:100分钟)
一、听力(略)
二、完形填空(本题有15小题,每小题1分;共计15分)
阅读下面短文,掌握大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Think before we speak!
It was a sunny and enjoyable day. Everyone in the 16 station was waiting for the
train to arrive. Among the crowd, there was a group of young friends who were on board
for vacation.
It was a 17 station with a lot of people and some juice shops, coffee and tea
stalls, newspaper shops, etc. The train was arriving and everyone prepared to 18 the
train to their seats.
The group of friends made loud noise to 19 the train as it moved into the station.
They ran to get their seats 20 anyone entered the train.
The empty seats were 21 and the train whistled(鸣汽笛)to move. An old man with
a young boy aged around 15 had their seats just next to the friends’ group. The young
boy was so 22 to see everything. He cheered,“Dad, the train is moving and the things
are moving backward.”
His father 23 and nodded his head.
As the train started moving fast, the young boy again screamed(尖叫),“Dad, the 24
are green in color and run backward very fast.”His father said,“Yes, dear,”and smiled.
Just like a kid, he was watching everything with great 25 .
A fruit seller passed selling apples, bananas and oranges. The young boy asked his
dad,“I want to eat 26 .”His father bought some for him. He said,“Oh, this apple looks
a lot sweeter than it tastes. I love this color.”
The group was watching all the 27 of this boy and asked the boy’s father,“Is your
son having any problem?Why is he behaving so 28 ?”
“His son is mad, I think,”a friend from the group made fun of him and shouted.
The father of the young boy, with patience, 29 the friends’ group,“My son was
born 30 .Only a few days ago he was operated. He is seeing different things in his life
for the first time.”
The young friends became very quiet.
16.A.railway B.bus C.police D.television17.A.darkB.silent C.busy D.lonely
18.A.get off B.get down C.get outD.get into
19.A.break B.welcome C.push D.leave
20.A.after B.until C.before D.as
21.A.washed B.moved C.filled D.carried
22.A.surprisedB.afraid C.sorry D.proud
23.A.shouted B.smiled C.cried D.refused
24.A.skies B.trees C.rivers D.houses
25.A.interest B.doubt C.courage D.sadness
26.A.apples B.bananas C.oranges D.strawberries
27.A.fruits B.words C.clothesD.activities
28.A.happily B.differently C.quietly D.quickly
29.A.quarreled with B.waited for
C.replied to D.pointed at
30.A.normal B.deaf C.mad D.blind
三、阅读理解(本题有15小题,每小题2分;共计30分)
阅读下面材料,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you like peanut butter, you’ll love this recipe. The steps are easy, and there’s
nothing to cook. You can make it all by yourself!
DIY Recipe
from the kitchen
What you need:
2 cups graham crackers(全麦饼干)
1/2 cup peanut butter
2 tablespoons sugar
1/3 cup corn syrup(糖水)
1/2 teaspoon cinnamon(肉桂皮)
1 cup powdered sugar
2/5 teaspoon nutmeg(肉豆蔻)
What you do:
First, mix together the graham crackers, sugar, cinnamon, and nutmeg in a bowl.
Next, add the peanut butter and corn syrup. Mix well.
Then, roll the mixture into balls. Place them on a large plate covered with wax
paper. Leave the plate in the fridge for an hour.
Finally, take peanut butter balls out of fridge. Put powdered sugar in a small bowl.
Roll each ball in the powdered sugar until it is covered.
31.How much peanut butter shall we prepare?
A.1/3 cup. B.1/2 cup. C.1 cup. D.2 cups.32.To make this recipe, you must use .
A.a blender B.a knifeC.an oven D.a fridge
33.How many steps are mentioned in this recipe?
A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.
B
I still remember quite clearly the day when my parents got divorced(离婚). Dad
kissed me goodbye and left.
For a long time Mum and I lived a peaceful life. Then one day, Jim came over for
lunch wearing a blue suit with a short brown tie and a green shirt. I couldn’t believe this
was going to be my new stepfather. It couldn’t be true that my beautiful mother would
marry someone who dressed like a clown(小丑). I hated him.
Lunch was terrible. Mother kept trying to start a conversation, but neither Jim nor I
would say much. Finally I offered to bring in the dessert just to get away from the
clown.
Something unpleasant happened, but I didn’t mean(故意)to do it. I guess the plate
slipped. But one minute I was handing Jim his blackberry pie, and the next, dark purple
berries were oozing(渗出)all over his shirt and tie.
I was mortified. My face turned bright red. Jim looked very much surprised at first,
but then he began to laugh. I started to laugh too. Maybe this guy was all right, after
all. Then I had a quick look at my mother. She looked happier than I had seen her in a
long time.
34.The writer thinks Jim’s clothes look .
A.nice B.expensive C.usual D.funny
35.From the story we might guess that .
A.Jim didn’t seem likeable at first
B.the writer liked Jim from the start
C.Jim was angry with the writer
D.Jim didn’t like blackberry pie
36.In this story the word“mortified”means .
A.happy B.bored C.embarrassedD.angry
37.The best title for this story would be .
A.I Love Pie
B.My New Stepfather
C.The World’s Worst Lunch
D.Mothers Shouldn’t Marry
C
The friendship between humans and dogs possibly began 14,000 years ago. Here are
four examples of “a dog’s life”in the human world today.
Treated like a queenTiffy is one of these dogs. Her owner, Nancy Jane Loewy, treats her like a queen.
She patiently prepares Tiffy’s meals of meat, fish, chicken and different kinds of fresh
vegetables. Tiffy also eats yoghurt and biscuits after dinner. Loewy’s husband has a very
good job and her two sons are away at university, so she has the time and money to
treat Tiffy very well, and she truly enjoys doing it.“I want to give her the healthiest,
most wonderful life as long as possible,”she says.
Food sniffer dogs(嗅探犬)
Food sniffer dogs work at international airports in the United States. Their job is to
smell and find illegal(不合法的)fruits, vegetables and other foods in bags and mail. These
foods sometimes bring insects and diseases which could be dangerous for plants and
animals. The dog calmly sits down next to anything that smells suspicious(可疑的). The
dog’s human partner then checks for illegal foods. Sniffer dogs are friendly and cute, so
they don’t scare people as they sniff through the crowds. More importantly, these dogs
have an astonishing nose for food. They can find food in bags 84% of the time.
Animal carers
Jessie is a whippet(小灵狗)that visits very sick children in hospital. She shows them
her love and when they feel down, Jessie makes them happy. Jessie helps patients to stay
strong during their time in hospital.
There are many different kinds of animals that help people. We train“service dogs”to
help people with physical disabilities. The best known service dogs are guides for the
blind. But they can also learn to , turn lights on and off, pick up objects from the
floor and even pull wheelchairs.
Doggie detectives(侦探犬)
Search-and-rescue(SAR)dogs use their amazing noses to find people. They can smell
tiny clues(线索)that people leave wherever they go. These include bacteria(细菌), small
pieces of clothing and hairs.They may find missing hikers and search through rubble(碎
石)after earthquakes and other disasters.
38.What food does Tiffy eat?
A.Only yoghurt and biscuits. B.Anything except vegetables.
C.Normal dog food from shops.D.Home-cooked meals.
39.Which of the following is the best expression to fill in the blank in the passage?
A.look for missing hikers B.open and close doors
C.do any tasks for people D.follow people here and there
40.What kind of dogs is the most helpful when a child is lost?
A.SAR dogs. B.Whippet dogs.
C.Sniffer dogs. D.Queen dogs.
41.What’s the purpose of the passage?
A.To introduce different kinds of food sniffer dogs.
B.To tell the readers the importance of protecting animals.
C.To show the special relationships between dogs and humans.
D.To share with the readers the pleasure of keeping dogs as pets.
DYour brain controls everything you do. It makes it possible for you to think, learn,
create and feel; to blink(眨眼)and breathe and for your heart to beat—this fantastic control
center is your brain. It is so amazing that a famous scientist once called it“the most
complex(复杂)thing we have yet discovered in our universe”.
Can this small grey organ(器官), which weighs less than one and a half kilos,really
do so much?Amazingly, your brain contains about 100 billion neurons(神经元)—it would
take you over 3,000 years to count them all. Believe it or not, the activity in your brain
never stops. Your neurons create and send more messages than all the phones in the
world. And although one neuron creates only a little electricity, all your neurons together
can produce enough electricity to power a light bulb(灯泡).
So exactly how fast does your brain work?Well, imagine this: a bee lands on your
foot. Neurons in your skin send this information to your brain at a speed of more than
240 kilometers per hour. Your brain then uses other neurons to send the message back to
your foot to shake the bee off quickly. These neurons can send this information at more
than 320 kilometers per hour. No computer has your brain’s unbelievable ability to deal
with the amount of information coming from your eyes, ears and other sensory organs.
But how does your brain allow you to learn things that you will use in the future?
The structure(结构)of your brain changes every time you have a new thought, remember
or learn something. For example, riding a bike seems impossible at first, but soon you are
able to do it. How?As you practice,your brain sends“bike riding”messages again and again.
Soon, the actions are learnt and you are able to ride a bike easily from then on.
42.From the passage we know that neurons .
A.receive messages very slowly B.are only found in your skin
C.send messages to your brain D.need electricity to work
43.In Paragraph 3, the writer mentions computers to .
A.compare them with the human brain
B.show how fast they have become
C.say that computers have no abilities
D.ask people to use computers more
44.When you have a new thought, .
A.your brain will power a light bulbB.your heart beats faster
C.you remember something D.the structure of your brain changes
45.The article is mainly about .
A.all the steps when your brain learns things
B.what an unbelievable organ the human brain is
C.how the brain makes people smarter than computers
D.the things you can do to make your brain work faster
四、词汇运用(本题有15小题,每小题1分;共计15分)
A.根据短文内容和括号内所给汉语意思,写出空白处各单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
More and more teenagers are using the Internet nowadays, but some of them aren’t
using it in a proper way. If you follow these suggestions, it’ll be much 46 (安全
的)than you might think.★Do not give your password to others and never give out your home 47 (地址),
real name, age, school or phone number to those 48 (陌生人).
★Do not share your 49 (私密的)information in Moments(朋友圈).
★Never answer unwanted 50 (电子邮件).
★Be 51 (小心的)when you are using public Wi-Fi or scanning QR code (扫二维码).
★Never go and meet anyone you met online 52 (没有)your parents’ permission
and never go 53 (单独地).
★Keep a separate credit(信用)card just for 54 (购物)online. This will make it
easier to 55 (取消)if something bad happens and your other credit cards can still be
used uninfluenced.
B.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使对话通顺、正确。每词仅用一次(每空一词)。
steal matter friend valuable attend
Sandy:Mom, I’m really worried.
Mom:Why?What’s the 56 ?
Sandy:I can’t find my schoolbag.
Mom:Well, where did you last put it?
Sandy:I can’t remember!I 57 a concert yesterday so it might still be in the museum
hall.
Mom:Do you have anything 58 in your schoolbag?
Sandy:No, just my books, my pink hair band and some tennis balls.
Mom:So it can’t be 59 .
Sandy:Oh, wait!I went to a picnic after the concert. I remember I had my schoolbag with
me at the picnic.
Mom:So could it still be at the park?
Sandy:Yes. I left early, before the rest of my 60 .I’ll call them now to check if
anybody has it.
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.
五、语法填空(本题有10小题,每小题1分;共计10分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式(最多限
填3个单词)。
Long long ago, there was a small village in the Middle East. In the village there
was 61 old man called Sthira. He lived by himself. His only son had gone far away to
study. Sthira’s friends 62 (wonder)whether his son would return, 63 Sthira always
said,“Whatever happens, happens for good.”
One day the old man’s son returned and the villagers were very happy for Sthira. He
thanked the villagers and said 64 (polite),“Whatever happens, happens for
good.”However, later, Sthira’s son broke his 65 . Once again the villagers came to visit
him and once again the old man thanked 66 (they)and said,“Whatever happens,
happens for good.”Some of the villagers were surprised 67 (hear)this. Why?What was
good?His son’s leg got badly hurt!
After a few days, the army came to the village and forced all the young men to 68
the army. When they found his son had a 69 (break)leg, they left him behind. Once
again, all the villagers came to congratulate him on his 70 luck, like always, the old
man was still thankful to them and said,“Whatever happens, happens for good.”
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
66. 67. 68. 69. 70.
六、任务型阅读(本题有5小题,每小题1分;共计5分)以下是一篇记者对杂技演员Michael的采访记录。请仔细阅读Michael的回答,从A—E
中选出对应的记者提问填入空白处。
A.How is a day at work?
B.What is hard about your job?
C.Why do you love your job?
D.How much are you usually paid?
E.What skills do you need to be a trapeze(高空秋千)artist?
Reporter: 71
Michael:I perform in the evenings, but luckily I don’t have to get up early. So in the
mornings I sleep in, then practise on stage for 45 minutes. I have to do a lot of exercise
before each show.
Reporter: 72
Michael:Because it’s like a dream of flying. When you do a great performance on the
trapeze, it’s an unbelievable feeling.
Reporter: 73
Michael:Working at such a high level every day. Sometimes you wake up with a
stomachache, but you have to perform.
Reporter: 74
Michael:You need to be strong to deal with physical training. You mustn’t be heavy, or
your partner can’t catch you easily. You can’t be at all nervous when there are 5,000
people watching you.
Reporter: 75
Michael:We get paid per show and the amount depends on your contract(合同).Of course,
we can get extra money for extra performances.
71. 72. 73. 74. 75.
七、书面表达(本题有1小题;共计20分)
76.“传递爱心,服务他人”是文明社会所倡导的理念。狮子会(the Lions)就是一个以此
为宗旨的国际性服务团队。杨敏是狮子会的一名成员,多年来她一直乐于助人。请根据提示
用英语写一篇短文,向校刊的English World栏目投稿,简要介绍杨敏的事迹,然后谈谈你的观
点和打算。
Ready to help others
Yang Min
◆help others for years
◆go to the old people’s home twice a month(cut hair, wash clothes, do some cleaning)
◆offer people umbrellas or raincoats on rainy days
◆your opinion...
◆your plan...
要求:
1.短文内容必须包含表格所提供的要点,可适当发挥;
2.文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名及地名;
3.词数:80—100(短文开头已给出,仅供选择使用,不计入总词数)。
短文开头:From time to time, we are moved by the people and things around us.
Yang Min is one of the persons I admire most.
答案全解全析二、完形填空
[语篇解读] 本文属于记叙文。讲述了一群年轻人在火车上遇到了一对父子,让他们匪夷所
思的是男孩对于司空见惯的事物表现出了极大的惊奇,而父亲耐心地微笑着看着儿子。年轻
人不解甚至嘲笑,当父亲讲了实情后,年轻人沉默了。
16.A 通过本句中waiting for the train to arrive可知。
17.C 通过第一段的crowd,第二段中a lot of people, shops,stalls等可知。
18.D 通过上文可知大家在等着火车进站,准备上车。get off下车;get down下来;get out出
来;get into上车。
19.B 句意:当火车驶入站台的时候,这群朋友发出很大的噪音迎接火车。welcome欢迎,迎接。
20.C 句意:他们跑着在其他人上车前去找到他们的座位。本题考查连词。after在……之
后;until直到;before在……之前;as当……的时候。根据语境,选择C项。
21.C 句意:空椅子被坐满了,火车鸣笛开始移动了。本题考查动词词义辨析。wash洗;move
移动;fill填满;carry 携带。根据句意选择C项。
22.A 通过后文可知男孩生来就是盲童,对于手术成功后看到的一切,都感到非常惊奇。
23.B 由第六段中His father said,“Yes, dear,” and smiled.可知。
24.B 通过本句中的green in color可知。
25.A 句意:就像个孩子一样,他带着极大的兴趣看着一切。本题考查名词辨析。interest兴
趣;doubt怀疑;courage勇气;sadness伤心。通过上文中the young boy again screamed可知,
孩子充满了兴趣。
26.A 通过后文this apple looks a lot sweeter than it tastes可知。
27.D 通过上下文可知,大家感觉男孩的行为很不一样。
28.B 见上题解析。
29.C 通过上文The group was watching...and asked...可知,父亲要回答他们的问题。
30.D 通过本段中的operated,seeing...for the first time可知。
[长难句] An old man with a young boy aged around 15 had their seats just next to the
friends’ group.一个带着年纪约15岁左右男孩的老人挨着这群年轻人坐下了。
本句中包含with的复合结构。
评析 本文考查名词、形容词、动词短语、动词、介词、副词等词汇辨析,解题的关键在于
要在通读原文的基础上,结合上下文及语言知识进行解题。
三、阅读理解
A
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文,说明制作peanut butter ball的原料和步骤。
31.B 细节理解题。在What you need中可以找到。
32.D 细节理解题。在What you do中的第三步和第四步中可以找到。
33.B 细节理解题。在What you do 中可以得知,有4步。
[长难句] Place them on a large plate covered with wax paper. 把它们放到一个用蜡纸盖
起来的大盘子上。
本句是一个祈使句。covered with wax paper作后置定语修饰plate。
评析 本文的问题设置都是细节理解题,在通读全文的前提下,答案比较容易找出。
B
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了“我”父母离婚很久以后,母亲把继父带回家里吃
午饭,作者和他第一次见面的情景。
34.D 细节理解题。通过第二段中作者的描述,特别是dressed like a clown可知。
35.A 细节理解题。通过第二段中的最后一句话I hated him.可知。
36.C 词义猜测题。通过上下文可知,作者并非故意的错误使自己很尴尬。
37.B 主旨大意题。通过全文可知,本文主要讲述作者和其继父第一次见面的记忆。
[长难句] 1.It couldn’t be true that my beautiful mother would marry someone who
dressed like a clown. 难以置信我漂亮的妈妈竟然会嫁给一个穿得像小丑的人。
who dressed like a clown是定语从句。2.But one minute I was handing Jim his blackberry pie, and the next, dark purple berries
were oozing all over his shirt and tie. 但是我刚把黑莓馅饼递给他,接着,黑紫色的莓就渗
出来弄得他的衬衫和领带上都是。
在该句中,one minute引导时间状语从句,含义为“一……就……”。
评析 本文的问题设置出现了三种题型,从多角度考查学生对文章的理解,解题时注意文章的
基调,难度不大。
C
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。说明狗和人类的关系,狗在人类的生活的各个方面发挥着
作用。
38.D 细节理解题。从第二段的第二句和第三句中可以得知。
39.B 细节理解题。从第四段的上下文中可知,导盲犬为盲人做事,特别是最后一句中提到的
具体的生活中的帮助。
40.A 推理判断题。从四种类型的狗提供的作用来看,侦探犬的作用是找人。从最后一段的
第一句话可知。
41.C 主旨大意题。从文中的第一段可知。
[长难句] These foods sometimes bring insects and diseases which could be dangerous for
plants and animals. 这些食物有时候会携带对动植物具有危险的昆虫和疾病。
本句含有一个定语从句。
评析 本文注意区别四种狗的不同作用,第40题虽然不能直接从原文找出答案,但根据文章
进行推理,答案就容易了。
D
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇科普文章,讲述了大脑的功能和作用。
42.C 细节理解题。从第二段的第四句可知。
43.A 细节理解题。从第三段的上下文可知,本段是说明大脑传递复杂信息的速度和能力,就
是电脑也赶不上。
44.D 细节理解题。从第四段的第二句可知。
45.B 主旨大意题。从第一段的最后一句,再综合全文,可知大脑的功能和作用,它处理复杂
信息的速度和能力令人惊叹!
[长难句] 1.It is so amazing that a famous scientist once called it “the most complex
thing we have yet discovered in our universe”. 它是如此令人惊讶以至于一个著名的科学
家曾经称它为“我们所发现的宇宙中最复杂的东西”。
这个长句比较复杂,注意we have yet discovered in our universe是定语从句,修饰先行
词thing。
2.No computer has your brain’s unbelievable ability to deal with the amount of
information coming from your eyes, ears and other sensory organs. 没有一台电脑能拥有
大脑那样难以置信的能力,同时处理来自你眼睛、耳朵和其他感觉器官的庞大的信息。
to deal with...是动词不定式作名词ability的定语,coming from...是现在分词短语作名词
information的定语。
评析 本文是一篇科普文章,语言较其他类型的语篇理解起来具有难度,在阅读文章时,一定
要有耐心,并且注意长句的正确理解,虽然语言结构比较复杂,但题目并非很难。
四、词汇运用
A.
46.safer 本句中的关键词than提示要用比较级形式。
47.address 本题考查名词。注意该词的拼写形式。
48.strangers 本题考查名词。设空处前的those提示要使用名词的复数形式。
49.private/personal 设空处后为名词,因此要使用形容词。
50.emails 本题考查名词。要注意的是email是可数名词,此处应为复数形式。
51.careful 本题考查形容词。设空处前是系动词,因此要使用形容词形式。
52.without 本题考查介词。without permission没有得到许可。53.alone 本题考查副词。go alone独自去。
54.shopping 本题设空处前出现介词for, 因此使用动名词形式。
55.cancel 本题考查动词。注意该词的拼写形式,由于设空处是在动词不定式符号to后,因此
使用原形。
B.
56.matter 本题考查习惯用语。What’s the matter?怎么啦?
57.attended 本题考查动词。根据本句中的yesterday可知,要使用一般过去时。
58.valuable 本题考查形容词。此处作后置定语修饰anything。anything valuable有价值的
东西。
59.stolen 本题考查动词的被动语态。设空处和前面的be 动词一起构成被动语态结构,注意
steal的过去分词书写形式。
60.friends 本题考查名词。通过rest和call them可知,设空处要用复数形式。
五、语法填空
[语篇解读] 本文讲述了与“塞翁失马,焉知非福”同样的道理,告诉我们坏事有时候会转变
为好事。
61.an 本题考查冠词。根据句意可知此处表示泛指,old以元音音素开头,因此使用an。
62.wondered 本题考查动词。通过上下文可知要用一般过去时。
63.but 本题考查连词。通过上下文可知,此处为转折。
64.politely 本题考查副词。用副词修饰动词said。
65.leg 本题考查名词。由后文可知Sthira的儿子摔伤了腿。
66.them 本题考查代词。设空处作动词thanked的宾语,因此使用人称代词的宾格形式。
67.to hear 本题考查非谓语动词。be surprised to do sth.对做某事感到惊讶。
68.join 本题考查动词。join the army参军。
69.broken 本题考查形容词。a broken leg意思是“断了的腿”。
70.good 本题考查形容词,修饰名词luck。通过“Whatever happens, happens for good.”可
知。
六、任务型阅读
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记者对杂技演员的采访记录。
71.A Michael的回答是告知他一天的活动,由此可知选A。
72.C 由回答中的Because可知,问题是Why...?
73.B 由回答中的wake up with a stomachache, but... 可知,工作中有困难。
74.E 由回答中的need to, mustn’t be, can’t be可知作为一个杂技演员有很多的技能需要
培训。
75.D 由回答中的get paid可知。
七、书面表达
76.[写作要点]
1.本文要记叙和议论相结合,时态为一般现在时和一般将来时。
2.第一段介绍Yang Min助人为乐的事情。观点包括:(1) 她是狮子会的成员。(2)她帮
助他人多年。(3)经常去养老院帮忙。(4)在雨天借给他人雨伞和雨衣。
3.第二段表明自己的观点,并表明自己的计划。
4.语句通顺,行文流畅。
[参考范文]
From time to time , we are moved by the people and things around us . Yang Min is
one of the persons I admire most . As a member of the Lions, she has been helping
others for many years. She goes to the old people’s home twice a month to cut hair,
wash clothes and do some cleaning for them. Besides, on rainy days she offers people
umbrellas or raincoats for free.
I’m deeply moved by her story.I’m going to start with small things around me. I
plan to give books and clothes to children in poor villages. What’s more, I’ll ask my
parents and more friends to join me.Small action can make a big difference. Let’s help those who need help!
