专题10 七选五--2016-2020 高考真题
一、思维导图
二、高考考向
1.从体裁来看，说明文占据绝对优势，记叙文和议论文相对较少；
2.从话题来看，“人与自我”和“人与社会”占比偏多，“人与自然”偏少；
3.从位置来看，段中句最多，段首句和段尾句次之；还有半截儿句；
4.从技巧来看，代词替代、词语复现和逻辑关系是做好七选五必杀技；
5.从干扰来看，段落标题句和词语复现最容易设干扰选项，务必重视。
三、真题呈现
-----------------------------------------【2020 题组】----------------------------------------
（2020 课标卷）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. 36 Do you want to be a good public speaker?
Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to
give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking. ” 37 Focus on the speaking. Talk
directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is
the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of
a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one. 38
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker. 39 And like everything else in life, that takes practice.
Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
40 It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” On the other hand, you
probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!“” So
surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your
listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
（2020 全国I 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36
Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
● 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you
hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your
own; you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes
and our failures. 38 You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you
could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? “That didn’t go as planned.
But, I tried my best.”
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength
before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you
got out of bed today. 39
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words
why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40 Turn to
a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
（2020 全国II 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Emoji（表情符号）and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play.
36
. It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping
intention clear.
37
, encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in
communication style can be a challenge.
38
.
While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools
like email, it may feel like a learning curve（曲线）. The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the
effort.
There is also the matter of tone（语气）. Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day?
39
. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an
encouraging smile.
40
, and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin
adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work
culture.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
（2020 全国III 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or
house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the panty. The party is a chance for friends
and family to congratulate the person on the new home.
3 6
And it is good time to fill the new space with
love and hopefully presents.
37
Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local or store or
stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like
curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like
a piece of art or a plant.
38
This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually
no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably
give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person
moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood
to a new home as a gift.
40
Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
-----------------------------------------【2019 题组】----------------------------------------
（2019 全国I 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” 36 According to recent
studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.
37 If the air you’re breathing is clean--which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities--then the
air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more
deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain.
Recently people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing (治愈). 38
In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing
things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood (情绪). Greenery is good for us.
Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see
buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
40 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you
get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen
about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
（2019 全国II 卷）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项 选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I
jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of
same coin.
36
Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
37
More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate
yourself, your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires etc. Only then should
you set your goals.
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is
directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work.
38
So, slow down
and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity（清晰）of thoughts can help you move
forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in
mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.
39
They also need to be
measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but
can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough.
40
You should reassess your goals, and
motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot
overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of
setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself?
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
（2019 全国III 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important.
36
While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise.
Students should be able to extend the logic（逻辑）of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
•
37
Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about
the course design, read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management system information to be sure
the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
• Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.
38
Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do
the same.
Don'ts
• Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts
or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the
professor.
39
• Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class.
40
When a student attacks a professor on the
social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's
professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don’ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
----------------------------------------【2018 题组】----------------------------------------
（2018 全国I 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Color is fundamental in home design — something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage
color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of
life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 1 , color is the key to making
a room feel the way you want it to feel.
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important
point. 2 , they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you
need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.
3 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual
interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color
choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. Medium color choices are generally
furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. 4 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller
ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you’re looking at
wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 5 .
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you’re looking for
C. If you’re experimenting with a color
D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
（2018 全国II 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and
find the time to work out. 1 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically
fit.
●Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of
you for the day. 2 Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. 3 If you work out in the mornings, then
you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
● 4 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the
evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very
excited.
● 5 If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food
choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to
continue to focus on positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and
push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.
A. You will stick to your diet.
B. Your quality of sleep improves.
C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.
F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!
（2018 全国III 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and
sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between.
1
We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays,
office parties and just to fill the time.
"I adore dancing," says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. "I can’t imagine doing anything
else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. "Teaching dance is wonderful. 2 It’s great to watch
them. For many of them, it’s a way of meeting people and having a social life."
3 "I can tell you about one young couple," says Bridges. "They’re learning to do traditional dances. They
arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 4 "
So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, "Dance, like the
pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better. 5 I find it hard to
stop! Dancing reminds me I’m alive."
A. So why do we dance?
B. Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.
C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.
D. My older students say it makes them feel young.
E. I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired.
F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.
G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.
----------------------------------------【2017 题组】----------------------------------------
（2017 全国I 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have
laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable
sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 1
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.
2
We slept in a tent,
cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with
Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my
son’s food poisoning.
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.
3
Instead, we
had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to
bring all the necessities of life.
4
We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a
bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even
has matching carpet and curtains.
5
It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that
you find your way in style.
A. This time there was no tent.
B. Things are going to be improved.
C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
（2017 全国II 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done.
1
, there are
several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now.
2
.Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of
you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or
that you’ll find them then. 3 . It can help to eliminate (消除) future interruptions.
When you need to talk to someone, don’t do it in your own office.
4 . it’s much easier to excuse yourself to
get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are
If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 5 . If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter.
excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint (暗示) than when the door is closed,
you’re not to be disturbed.
A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no
B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C. Set boundaries for yourself as your time goes
D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area
E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available
F. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you
G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not
（2017 全国III 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy
morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock
1
Here is how to make one.
●
2
In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time
to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear
about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
● Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning
activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes,
shoes, and bags.
3
That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a
timer.
● Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday
could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week,
a recent study found.
4
● Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve
tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record.
5
If not, take another look at other methods you
could try.
A. Get a sleep specialist.
B. Find the right motivation.
C. A better plan for sleep can help.
D. And consider setting a second alarm.
E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee.
----------------------------------------【2016 题组】----------------------------------------
（2016 全国I 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Secret codes (密码) keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in
doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 1 Code breaking never lags (落后) far behind code
making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography. 2 For example, the first letters of "My elephant eats too many
eels" spell out the hidden message "Meet me."
3 You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let's number the letters of the alphabet, in
order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message "Meet me" would read "13 5 5 20 13 5."
A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a
code book. 4 For example, "bridge" might stand for "meet" and "out" might stand for "me." The message
"Bridge out" would actually mean "Meet me." 5 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.
So codes must be changed frequently.
A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.
C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.
（2016 全国II 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A garden that's just right for you
Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to
total more than the sum (总和) of its parts? 1 . But it doesn't happen by accident. It starts with looking inside
yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening
process.
● 2
Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are
concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料).
3
. However,
there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest
years.
●Recall (回忆) your childhood memories
Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma's rose garden and Dad's vegetable
garden might be good or bad, but that's not what's important. 4 — how being in those gardens made us feel. If
you'd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.
5
. Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.
A. Know why you garden
B. Find a good place for your own garden
C. It's our experience of the garden that matters
D. It's delightful to see so many beautiful flowers
E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants
F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too
G. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have
（2016 全国III 卷）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 1 But it seems that many people don't cook fish at home.
Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as
at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn't difficult. 2 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an
easy way.
3 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you're standing at the ocean's edge. Any fishy or
strong smell means the fish isn't fresh. 4 When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you'd better store the
fish in the refrigerator if you don't cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day
or two. Frozen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh one.
There are many common methods used to cook fish. 5 First, clean it and season it with your choice of
spices (调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one
pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it's ready to serve.
A. Do not buy it.
B. The easiest is to steam it.
C. This is how you can do it.
D. It just requires a little knowledge.
E. The fish will go bad within hours.
F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.
G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
