中考英语必背动词短语50个精讲与专项突破

📌 高频考点全覆盖｜✅ 核心用法与变形 ｜ 🎯 易混辨析与例句｜ 📅 5天打卡过关表

【适用年级】初二下 / 初三年级【资料定位】早读背诵单· 晚自习复习打卡表 · 考前冲刺语法与写作满分手册【使用建议】早读 15 分钟出声朗读「短语+释义+例句」；晚自习 10 分钟遮住中文回译默写；第 5 天集中完成当堂自测。

📅 5 天打卡通关计划表

🔑 核心动词短语 50 个精讲清单（按场景分组 · 每天 10 个）

▸ 第 1 天｜看、照顾、参加、发生（1–10）

1. look after /lʊk ˈɑːftə(r)/ v.phr. 照顾；照料

▸ 例句：Could you look after my little sister this afternoon?（今天下午你能帮我照顾一下妹妹吗？）

▸ 核心用法：look after sb/sth（后接名词/代词），不能写成 look aftering；宾语是人时等于 take care of。

▸ 形式变化：looked after / looked after（规则变化）  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：take care of / care for

2. look for /lʊk fɔː(r)/ v.phr. 寻找（强调动作过程）

▸ 例句：Tom is looking for his basketball in the gym.（汤姆正在体育馆里找他的篮球。）

▸ 核心用法：look for sb/sth；进行时很常见。不要和 find 混用：找的过程用 look for，找到结果用 find。

▸ 形式变化：looked for / looked for  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：search for / seek

3. look up /lʊk ʌp/ v.phr. 查阅（词典等）；抬头看

▸ 例句：If you don't know the word, look it up in the dictionary.（如果这个词不认识，就去词典里查一下。）

▸ 核心用法：look up a word；代词作宾语必须放中间：look it up，不能说 look up it。

▸ 形式变化：looked up / looked up  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：check / consult

4. look forward to /lʊk ˈfɔːwəd tuː/ v.phr. 期待；盼望

▸ 例句：We look forward to seeing you at the school art festival.（我们盼着在学校艺术节上见到你。）

▸ 核心用法：look forward to doing sth / n.；这里的 to 是介词，后面绝对不能接动词原形 to do。

▸ 形式变化：looked forward to / looked forward to  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：expect / can't wait to

5. look out /lʊk aʊt/ v.phr. 当心；留神

▸ 例句：Look out! A bike is coming toward you.（小心！一辆自行车朝你冲过来了。）

▸ 核心用法：常单独作警示语；也可接 look out for sth（留意某物）。不等于 look outside（往外看）。

▸ 形式变化：looked out / looked out  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：watch out / be careful

6. look through /lʊk θruː/ v.phr. 浏览；快速翻看；审核

▸ 例句：Please look through your test paper before you hand it in.（交卷前请把试卷再快速检查一遍。）

▸ 核心用法：look through sth（报纸、笔记、试卷）；强调“快速过一遍”，不是 look for 的“寻找”。

▸ 形式变化：looked through / looked through  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：go through / browse

7. take care of /teɪk keə(r) əv/ v.phr. 照顾；保管；处理

▸ 例句：I have to take care of my grandpa this weekend.（这个周末我得照顾爷爷。）

▸ 核心用法：take care of sb/sth；take 随主语变：takes / took / taken。Take care! 是“保重”，后面不加 of。

▸ 形式变化：took care of / taken care of  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：look after / care for

8. take off /teɪk ɒf/ v.phr. 脱下（衣帽）；起飞；突然走红

▸ 例句：The plane will take off in ten minutes. Please take off your headphones.（飞机十分钟后起飞。请把耳机摘下来。）

▸ 核心用法：脱衣服：take off sth / take it off；飞机起飞作不及物动词。反义短语：put on（穿上）。

▸ 形式变化：took off / taken off  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：remove（脱下）/ set off（出发，不完全等同）

9. take part in /teɪk pɑːt ɪn/ v.phr. 参加（活动、比赛）

▸ 例句：More than 200 students took part in the school sports meeting.（两百多名学生参加了校运会。）

▸ 核心用法：take part in + 活动/比赛；加入社团/组织常用 join the club / join the league。

▸ 形式变化：took part in / taken part in  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：join in / participate in

10. take place /teɪk pleɪs/ v.phr. 发生；举行（无被动）

▸ 例句：The final exam will take place next Monday.（期末考试将在下周一举行。）

▸ 核心用法：不及物短语，无被动语态、无进行时！不能写成 be taken place；happen 偏偶然发生。

▸ 形式变化：took place / taken place  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：happen / be held

▸ 第 2 天｜穿戴收纳、放弃分发、开关电器（11–20）

11. put on /pʊt ɒn/ v.phr. 穿上；戴上；上演；增加（体重）

▸ 例句：It's cold outside. Put on your coat before you go out.（外面冷，出门前把外套穿上。）

▸ 核心用法：put on sth / put it on。强调“穿上”的动作；表示“穿着的状态”要用 wear。

▸ 形式变化：put on / put on（原形=过去式=过去分词）  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：wear（状态）/ dress（给某人穿衣）

12. put off /pʊt ɒf/ v.phr. 推迟；延期

▸ 例句：Don't put off today's work until tomorrow.（别把今天的事拖到明天。）

▸ 核心用法：put off sth / put off doing sth。不能接 to do；不要和 take off（脱下）混淆。

▸ 形式变化：put off / put off  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：delay / postpone

13. put up /pʊt ʌp/ v.phr. 张贴；举起；搭建

▸ 例句：They put up a “No Parking” sign in front of the gate.（他们在大门口贴了一张“禁止停车”的告示。）

▸ 核心用法：put up a poster / a tent / one's hand。拓展：put up with 表示“忍受”。

▸ 形式变化：put up / put up  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：hang / raise / set up

14. put away /pʊt əˈweɪ/ v.phr. 把……收起来放好

▸ 例句：Put away your books. It's time for dinner.（把书收好，该吃饭了。）

▸ 核心用法：put away sth / put them away。强调归位放好，不是 throw away（扔掉）。

▸ 形式变化：put away / put away  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：tidy up / pack away

15. put out /pʊt aʊt/ v.phr. 扑灭；熄灭；伸出

▸ 例句：The firefighters put out the fire in twenty minutes.（消防员用二十分钟把火扑灭了。）

▸ 核心用法：put out a fire / a cigarette。关灯、关电器用 turn off，不用 put out。

▸ 形式变化：put out / put out  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：extinguish

16. give up /ɡɪv ʌp/ v.phr. 放弃；戒掉

▸ 例句：He gave up smoking last year.（他去年戒烟了。）

▸ 核心用法：give up doing sth / give up sth。后接动名词，不能接 to do；不加宾语时表示“认输”。

▸ 形式变化：gave up / given up  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：quit / stop

17. give away /ɡɪv əˈweɪ/ v.phr. 赠送；捐赠；泄露（秘密）

▸ 例句：She gave away her old toys to the children's home.（她把旧玩具捐给了儿童福利院。）

▸ 核心用法：give away sth；泄露：give away a secret。不要和 give out（分发）混淆。

▸ 形式变化：gave away / given away  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：donate / reveal

18. give out /ɡɪv aʊt/ v.phr. 分发；用尽；发出（光、热、气味）

▸ 例句：The teacher gave out the test papers to the class.（老师把试卷发给了全班。）

▸ 核心用法：及物：give out sth（分发）；不及物：Our money gave out.（钱用光了）。

▸ 形式变化：gave out / given out  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：hand out / run out

19. turn on /tɜːn ɒn/ v.phr. 打开（电器、水龙头、煤气）

▸ 例句：It's dark. Please turn on the light.（太暗了，请把灯打开。）

▸ 核心用法：turn on sth / turn it on。开门、开窗用 open，不用 turn on。

▸ 形式变化：turned on / turned on  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：switch on

20. turn off /tɜːn ɒf/ v.phr. 关闭（电器、水龙头、煤气）

▸ 例句：Remember to turn off the tap after you wash your hands.（洗完手记得关上水龙头。）

▸ 核心用法：turn off sth / turn it off。关门用 close / shut，不用 turn off。

▸ 形式变化：turned off / turned off  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：switch off

▸ 第 3 天｜音量态度、出行相处、想出实现（21–30）

21. turn up /tɜːn ʌp/ v.phr. 调大（音量）；出现；到达

▸ 例句：I can't hear the news. Could you turn up the radio?（我听不清新闻，能把收音机开大声点吗？）

▸ 核心用法：调音量：turn up the radio；露面：He didn't turn up at the party.（他没在聚会露面）。

▸ 形式变化：turned up / turned up  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：appear / show up / increase

22. turn down /tɜːn daʊn/ v.phr. 调小（音量）；拒绝

▸ 例句：He turned down the invitation because he had to study.（他拒绝了邀请，因为他得复习。）

▸ 核心用法：turn down sth（音量/邀请/工作申请）。拒绝邀请不能写成 refuse off。

▸ 形式变化：turned down / turned down  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：refuse / reject / lower

23. get on /ɡet ɒn/ v.phr. 上车（公交/火车/飞机）；相处；进展

▸ 例句：Hurry up, or we can't get on the bus.（快点，否则我们就赶不上这班公交车了。）

▸ 核心用法：get on the bus/train；相处：get on (well) with sb。上小轿车常用 get in the car。

▸ 形式变化：got on / got on (美式 gotten on)  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：board / get along

24. get off /ɡet ɒf/ v.phr. 下车；下班；脱下

▸ 例句：You should get off at the next stop and then walk for two minutes.（你应该在下一站下车，再走两分钟。）

▸ 核心用法：get off the bus/train。下小轿车常用 get out of the car；注意 off 是双写 f。

▸ 形式变化：got off / got off  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：alight（书面）

25. get along with /ɡet əˈlɒŋ wɪð/ v.phr. 与……相处

▸ 例句：Lucy gets along with her classmates very well.（露西和同学相处得非常好。）

▸ 核心用法：get along (well) with sb = get on (well) with sb。with 后接人，不能漏掉介词 with。

▸ 形式变化：got along with / got along with  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：get on with / be friendly with

26. get over /ɡet ˈəʊvə(r)/ v.phr. 克服；从（疾病、挫折）中恢复

▸ 例句：It took him two weeks to get over the flu.（他花了两周才从流感中恢复过来。）

▸ 核心用法：get over sth（困难/疾病/失败/打击）。不是 get on（上车）。

▸ 形式变化：got over / got over  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：overcome / recover from

27. pick up /pɪk ʌp/ v.phr. 捡起；学会（偶然地）；接送（人）；好转

▸ 例句：My dad will pick me up at the school gate at 5 p.m.（爸爸下午五点会来校门口接我。）

▸ 核心用法：接人：pick sb up；捡起：pick it up。代词必须放中间。注意不是 pick out（挑选）。

▸ 形式变化：picked up / picked up  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：collect / learn / lift

28. find out /faɪnd aʊt/ v.phr. 查明；弄清（事实、真相、信息）

▸ 例句：Please find out when the train leaves.（请查一下火车几点开。）

▸ 核心用法：find out sth / + 从句 / about sth。找具体实物用 look for / find，不用 find out。

▸ 形式变化：found out / found out  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：discover / figure out

29. come up with /kʌm ʌp wɪð/ v.phr. 想出（主意、计划、答案）

▸ 例句：Who came up with the idea of holding a food festival?（是谁想出办美食节这个主意的？）

▸ 核心用法：come up with an idea / a plan / a solution。必须带 with，主语是人。

▸ 形式变化：came up with / come up with  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：think of / think up

30. come true /kʌm truː/ v.phr. （梦想、愿望）实现

▸ 例句：If you keep working hard, your dream will come true.（只要你一直努力，梦想就会实现。）

▸ 核心用法：无被动语态：Dreams come true. 不能说 dreams are come true；主语通常是 dream/wish。

▸ 形式变化：came true / come true  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：be realized / be achieved

▸ 第 4 天｜成长社交、确认编造、复习注意、used to（31–40）

31. grow up /ɡrəʊ ʌp/ v.phr. 长大；成长；成熟

▸ 例句：I want to be a doctor when I grow up.（我长大后想当一名医生。）

▸ 核心用法：grow up 多作不及物动词；种植庄稼用 grow，不用 grow up。

▸ 形式变化：grew up / grown up  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：become an adult

32. hang out /hæŋ aʊt/ v.phr. 闲逛；待在一起（消磨时光）

▸ 例句：I like to hang out with my friends at the weekend.（我周末喜欢和朋友一起出去逛逛。）

▸ 核心用法：hang out with sb / hang out at + 地点。口语高频；hang on 是“稍等/抓紧”。

▸ 形式变化：hung out / hung out  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：spend time / get together

33. set up /set ʌp/ v.phr. 建立；设立；搭建

▸ 例句：They set up a volunteer club to help the old people.（他们成立了一个志愿者社团去帮助老人。）

▸ 核心用法：set up a company / a club / a tent。set 的三种形式同形：set / set / set。

▸ 形式变化：set up / set up  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：establish / found / put up

34. make sure /meɪk ʃʊə(r)/ v.phr. 确保；务必弄清楚

▸ 例句：Make sure you lock the door before you leave.（走之前一定要确保锁好门。）

▸ 核心用法：make sure + that 从句 / make sure of sth。一般不直接说 make sure doing。

▸ 形式变化：made sure / made sure  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：ensure / be sure

35. make up /meɪk ʌp/ v.phr. 编造；组成；和解；化妆

▸ 例句：Don't make up excuses. Tell me the truth.（别编借口了，跟我说实话。）

▸ 核心用法：编造：make up a story；组成：be made up of；和解：make up with sb。

▸ 形式变化：made up / made up  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：invent / consist of / make peace

36. work out /wɜːk aʊt/ v.phr. 算出；制定出；锻炼身体；进展顺利

▸ 例句：I work out at the gym three times a week.（我每周去健身房锻炼三次。）

▸ 核心用法：解决/算出：work out the problem；锻炼身体通常作不及物动词。

▸ 形式变化：worked out / worked out  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：calculate / exercise / figure out

37. go over /ɡəʊ ˈəʊvə(r)/ v.phr. 复习；仔细检查

▸ 例句：Let's go over the key points before the exam.（考试前我们把重点再过一遍吧。）

▸ 核心用法：go over sth（笔记、错题、课文）。不要和 go on（继续）混淆。

▸ 形式变化：went over / gone over  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：review / check

38. pay attention to /peɪ əˈtenʃn tuː/ v.phr. 注意；留心

▸ 例句：You should pay attention to your spelling in writing.（写作时你要注意拼写。）

▸ 核心用法：pay attention to n. / doing。这里的 to 是介词，不能接动词原形。

▸ 形式变化：paid attention to / paid attention to  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：notice / take notice of

39. used to /juːst tuː/ v.phr. / aux. 过去常常（现在已不）

▸ 例句：My father used to walk to work, but now he takes the subway.（我爸爸以前常走路上班，现在改坐地铁了。）

▸ 核心用法：used to do sth（接动词原形）。否定句：didn't use to / used not to。

▸ 形式变化：used to（固定谈论过去的习惯与状态）  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：would（过去反复发生，但不强调现在的对比）

40. be used to /bi juːst tuː/ v.phr. 习惯于……

▸ 例句：She is used to getting up early on weekdays.（工作日她已经习惯早起了。）

▸ 核心用法：be / get used to doing sth / n.。这里的 to 是介词；区别于 be used to do（被用来做）。

▸ 形式变化：was used to / been used to  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：be accustomed to

▸ 第 5 天｜追赶互助、达成熬夜、削减指出、耗尽提交（41–50）

41. catch up with /kætʃ ʌp wɪð/ v.phr. 追上；赶上（落后追赶）

▸ 例句：Work hard, and you will catch up with your classmates.（努力学习，你就会赶上你的同学。）

▸ 核心用法：强调从“落后状态”追赶上去；catch up with sb。区别：keep up with 是“并驾齐驱/保持不落后”。

▸ 形式变化：caught up with / caught up with  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：keep pace with / overtake

42. hear from /hɪə(r) frɒm/ v.phr. 收到……的来信 / 消息

▸ 例句：I am very glad to hear from you.（收到你的来信我非常高兴。）

▸ 核心用法：hear from sb（宾语只能是写信人/发信人）。区别：hear of / hear about 是“听说某事”。

▸ 形式变化：heard from / heard from  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：receive a letter from / get news from

43. stay up /steɪ ʌp/ v.phr. 熬夜；深夜不睡

▸ 例句：Don't stay up late, or you will feel sleepy in class.（别熬夜太晚，否则上课会犯困。）

▸ 核心用法：stay up late 熬夜到很晚；stay up 作不及物短语。写作健康类常考短语。

▸ 形式变化：stayed up / stayed up  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：sit up / burn the midnight oil

44. cheer up /tʃɪə(r) ʌp/ v.phr. （使）振作起来；（使）高兴起来

▸ 例句：We told some funny jokes to cheer him up.（我们讲了些笑话让他振作起来。）

▸ 核心用法：及物：cheer sb up（代词放中间）；不及物：Cheer up! Things will get better.（振作点！一切都会好起来的。）

▸ 形式变化：cheered up / cheered up  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：comfort / encourage

45. clean up /kliːn ʌp/ v.phr. 打扫干净；清理；整顿

▸ 例句：Let's clean up the classroom before going home.（回家前咱们把教室彻底打扫干净吧。）

▸ 核心用法：clean up sth / clean it up。常用于志愿者、环保、大扫除情境。区别：clean out 彻底清理内部。

▸ 形式变化：cleaned up / cleaned up  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：tidy up / sweep

46. agree with /əˈɡriː wɪð/ v.phr. 同意（某人/观点）；（气候、食物）适宜

▸ 例句：I completely agree with what you said just now.（我完全同意你刚才说的话。）

▸ 核心用法：agree with sb / one's idea / opinion；agree to 后面常接 plan/suggestion；agree on 达成一致协议。

▸ 形式变化：agreed with / agreed with  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：approve of / be in favor of

47. cut down /kʌt daʊn/ v.phr. 砍倒；削减；缩减（开支/数量）

▸ 例句：We should stop people from cutting down too many trees.（我们应该阻止人们乱砍滥伐树木。）

▸ 核心用法：砍倒：cut down trees；削减：cut down the cost / spending。环保与节约主题高频词。

▸ 形式变化：cut down / cut down（cut/cut/cut 同形）  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：chop down / reduce

48. point out /pɔɪnt aʊt/ v.phr. 指出；指明（错误、事实）

▸ 例句：The teacher pointed out my mistakes in the composition.（老师指出了我作文里的错误。）

▸ 核心用法：point out sth / point it out。代词居中。区别：point at 指着近处；point to 指向远处。

▸ 形式变化：pointed out / pointed out  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：indicate / show

49. run out of /rʌn aʊt əv/ v.phr. 用完；耗尽（及物，主语为人）

▸ 例句：We have run out of water, so we need to buy some.（我们的水用完了，得去买点。）

▸ 核心用法：人 + run out of + 物（及物）；物 + run out（不及物，主语是物，无被动）。

▸ 形式变化：ran out of / run out of  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：use up / exhaust

50. hand in /hænd ɪn/ v.phr. 上交；递交（作业、试卷、报告）

▸ 例句：Please hand in your English exercises before 4 o'clock.（请在4点前交上你的英语作业。）

▸ 核心用法：hand in sth / hand it in。代词必须放中间。区别：hand out 是“分发”；hand in 是“上交”。

▸ 形式变化：handed in / handed in  ｜  ▸ 近义拓展：submit / turn in

⚠️ 易混短语辨析专区（中考命题十大高频陷阱）

【辨析 1】look for / find / find out

🎯 考试绝杀点：考试最爱考：look for 是过程（常用于进行时），find 是结果，find out 查明抽象信息。

【辨析 2】look after / take care of / take care

🎯 考试绝杀点：考试最爱考：告别祝福用 Take care! 后面绝不能多写 of。

【辨析 3】put on / wear / dress / in

🎯 考试绝杀点：考试最爱考：He is putting on his shirt（正在穿）；He is wearing a red tie（正戴着）。

【辨析 4】take off / put off / take place

🎯 考试绝杀点：考试最爱考：脱衣服是 take off，推迟是 put off；take place 严禁加 be（无被动）。

【辨析 5】turn on / turn off / open / close / turn up / turn down

🎯 考试绝杀点：考试最爱考：开灯是 turn on the light，开门是 open the door，写反直接零分！

【辨析 6】used to do / be used to doing / be used to do

🎯 考试绝杀点：考试最爱考：看 to 后面接动名词（习惯于）还是原形（过去常常 / 被用来做）。

【辨析 7】take part in / join / join in / attend

🎯 考试绝杀点：考试最爱考：join the club（俱乐部），take part in the sports meeting（运动会），attend the meeting（出席会议）。

【辨析 8】give up / give in / give out / give away

🎯 考试绝杀点：考试最爱考：放弃用 give up，屈服用 give in；give out 分发，give away 捐赠/泄密。

【辨析 9】catch up with / keep up with

🎯 考试绝杀点：考试最爱考：落后要追赶用 catch up with；已经齐平要保持用 keep up with。

【辨析 10】run out / run out of

🎯 考试绝杀点：考试最爱考：主语是人选 run out of；主语是物选 run out（物 run out 严禁被动！）。

🔁 一词多义与熟词生义（完形与阅读提分专区）

📌 中考动词短语 6 大满分速记铁律

铁律 1【介词 to 陷阱】：look forward to / pay attention to / be (get) used to 里的 to 全部是介词（prep.），后接动名词 doing 或名词 n.，绝对不是动词原形！

铁律 2【代词居中法则】：动副短语接代词时，代词必须放中间：pick me up、look it up、put it on、turn it off、hand it in、point it out。接名词时放中间或后面皆可。

铁律 3【无被动语态四剑客】：take place / come true / happen / run out（物作主语）都是不及物性质，中考绝无被动语态！选项中出现 is taken place / was come true 直接排除。

铁律 4【开关看对象法则】：电器、水源、煤气开关用 turn on / off；门窗、书本、箱子用 open / close；声音音量用 turn up / down；衣帽穿脱用 put on / take off。

铁律 5【放弃 vs 屈服】：give up doing（主动放弃做某事）；give in to sb（向某人/困难妥协屈服）。up 是彻底放手，in 是顶不住低头。

铁律 6【用完耗尽人与物】：人作主语及物用 run out of（We have run out of time）；物作主语不及物用 run out（Time has run out）。

🏆 当堂过关专项训练（20题全真突破 + 逐题解析）

一、选词填空（从方框中选出合适短语并用其正确形式填空）

【备选短语】look up / put off / be used to / pick up / came up with / catch up with / hear from / cheer up / run out of / hand in

1. If you don't know the new word, please ________ it ________ in the dictionary.

✅ 答案：look; up   💡 解析：祈使句用动词原形。look up 为“查阅”，代词 it 必须居中。

2. The sports meeting was ________ ________ because of the heavy rain yesterday.

✅ 答案：put off   💡 解析：被动语态 was + 过去分词 put off，表示运动会“被推迟”。

3. He used to hate sports, but now he ________ ________ ________ jogging every morning.

✅ 答案：is used to   💡 解析：now 提示现在的状态，be used to doing 习惯于做某事，后接 jogging。

4. Could you please ________ me ________ at the airport at 8:00 tomorrow?

✅ 答案：pick; up   💡 解析：pick sb up 表示“开车接某人”，代词 me 放中间。

5. Who ________ ________ ________ the great idea of starting a reading club last week?

✅ 答案：came up with   💡 解析：last week 提示用一般过去时 came up with，表示“想出好主意”。

6. Don't worry! If you keep working hard, you will ________ ________ ________ your classmates soon.

✅ 答案：catch up with   💡 解析：will 后接动词原形 catch up with，表示落后追赶并“赶上同班同学”。

7. I am really looking forward to ________ ________ you as soon as possible.

✅ 答案：hearing from   💡 解析：look forward to 中 to 为介词，接动名词 hearing from，表示“收到你的来信”。

8. Let's make a fruit cake to ________ ________ the little boy who is crying.

✅ 答案：cheer up   💡 解析：不定式 to 后接动词原形 cheer up，表示“使……振作/高兴起来”。

9. We must hurry up because our car has ________ ________ ________ petrol (汽油).

✅ 答案：run out of   💡 解析：现在完成时 has + 过去分词 run out of，主语是 our car（此处指车上的人消耗掉了汽油），后接宾语 petrol。

10. Students are required to ________ ________ their homework on time every day.

✅ 答案：hand in   💡 解析：be required to do sth 要求做某事，接动词原形 hand in 表示“按时交作业”。

二、根据汉语完成句子（每空一词或按括号要求翻译）

11. 我非常期待在即将到来的夏令营里见到你。（look forward to）   I'm looking forward to ________ you at the coming summer camp.

✅ 答案：seeing   💡 解析：look forward to doing sth，to 是介词，后接 see 的动名词形式 seeing。

12. 离开教室之前，请务必确保关掉所有灯。（make sure / turn off）   ________ ________ you ________ ________ all the lights before leaving.

✅ 答案：Make sure; turn off   💡 解析：祈使句 Make sure + that 从句；关灯用 turn off。

13. 这项重要的英语演讲比赛将在下周五举行。（take place）   The important English speech competition will ________ ________ next Friday.

✅ 答案：take place   💡 解析：will 后接动词原形 take place；take place 无被动语态，不可写成 will be taken place。

14. 他去年戒烟了，而且从此再也没熬过夜。（give up / stay up）   He ________ ________ smoking last year and never ________ ________ late.

✅ 答案：gave up; stayed up   💡 解析：根据 last year 判定两处动词均使用一般过去时：gave up 和 stayed up。

15. 老师经常指出我们在发音上的错误。（point out）   The teacher often ________ ________ our mistakes in pronunciation.

✅ 答案：points out   💡 解析：often 表示经常性动作，主语 the teacher 为第三人称单数，动词加 -s 写作 points out。

三、中考真题单项选择（直击中考考点）

16. — The dictionary is so useful. Where did you buy it?— Oh, I didn't buy it. My uncle ________ to me as a birthday present.    A. gave it up       B. gave it away       C. gave it out       D. gave it in

✅ 答案：B. gave it away   💡 解析：give away 赠送/捐赠；give up 放弃；give out 分发；give in 屈服。句意为叔叔作为生日礼物送给我。代词 it 居中。

17. — Jack, remember to ________ the lights when you leave the classroom.— OK, I won't forget.    A. close            B. turn off           C. take off          D. put off

✅ 答案：B. turn off   💡 解析：关灯、电器用 turn off；close 针对门窗；take off 为脱下/起飞；put off 为推迟。

18. — Why are you in such a hurry, Linda?— The plane will ________ in thirty minutes. I must get to the airport now.    A. take off         B. put on             C. get off           D. turn on

✅ 答案：A. take off   💡 解析：飞机“起飞”用 take off。put on 穿上；get off 下车；turn on 打开电器。

19. — I find it hard to ________ with Tony. He is always changing his mind.— Just give him some time.    A. catch up         B. get along          C. come up           D. stay up

✅ 答案：B. get along   💡 解析：get along (well) with sb 与某人相处。catch up with 赶上；come up with 想出；stay up 熬夜。

20. — We should do something to save energy.— Exactly! For example, we shouldn't ________ the tap running after washing hands.    A. leave            B. take               C. make              D. keep

✅ 答案：A. leave   💡 解析：leave the tap running 表示“任凭水龙头一直流着（不关）”，leave + 宾语 + 宾补（形容词/分词）表示“使处于某种状态”。考查熟词生义与短语搭配。

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