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中考英语题型解析:语篇填空的语法思路
中考英语题型解析:语篇填空的语法思路
语篇填空，是中考英语里唯一纯粹考语法的题型。
核心方法：认清句子结构，找出句子成分，判断词性。
做题步骤：
1.找主语、谓语； 2.判断空格需要充当什么句子成分； 3.有提示词：动词优先先看语态，再看时态；其他词看词性转换；
无提示词：优先考虑虚词（介冠连）。
以山东2026中考真题为例来讲解语法思路。 
51.答案：was given
句子：When Fan Zhongyan was 22 years old, he 51 (give) a chance to study at the famous Yingtian Academy.
填空位置句子成分：谓语（缺谓语，看语态和时态）
思路：主语he，空格是谓语。he和give是被动关系，全文为过去时态，一般过去时被动。答案：was given
52.答案：and
句子：After four years of hard work, he passed the imperial examination 52 became a government official.
填空位置句子成分：连词（空前空后都有谓语成分，填连词）
思路：主语he，有两个谓语passed和became，需要连词连接两个顺承的谓语动作。答案：and
53答案：left
句子：When he 53 (leave) Yingtian Academy in 1015, Fan Zhongyan didn’t expect that he would return years later as its principal.
填空位置句子成分：谓语（跟51空同思路，只是此题为主动语态）
思路：从句主语he，空格是谓语。he和leave是主动关系，时间in 1015是过去时间，用一般过去时。答案：left
54答案：changes
句子：On his return, he made many positive 54 (change).
填空位置句子成分：宾语（基本为名词，看可数不可数，单数还是复数）
思路：主语he，谓语made，空格作宾语。many后面接可数名词复数。答案：changes
55.答案：to support
句子：Looking back on his own student days, he often used his own money 55 (support) poor students.
填空位置句子成分：目的状语（有谓语，后面还要填动词，考虑非谓语to do，do，doing）
思路：主干he used his own money已经完整，use sth. to do sth. 不定式作目的状语。答案：to support
56.答案：talented
句子：He also offered a 56 (talent) scholar named Sun Fu a position in the academy so that Sun Fu could work and study at the same time.
填空位置句子成分：定语（名词前的形容词）
思路：空格修饰后面名词scholar，作定语，需要形容词。talent变为形容词talented。答案：talented
57.答案：finally
句子：With money to raise his family, Sun Fu studied day and night, 57 (final) becoming a respected scholar.
填空位置句子成分：状语（修饰动词，形容词，整个句子）
思路：空格修饰后面的becoming，作状语，修饰动作要用副词。final变为副词finally。答案：finally 
58.答案：decision
句子：While working in what is today’s Henan Province in 1046, he made a 58 (decide) to improve education for the local people.
填空位置句子成分：宾语（思路同54，考虑名词，只是此处前面有a,因此不需变复数）
思路：主语he，谓语made，空格作宾语。a后面接单数名词。decide变为名词decision。答案：decision
59答案：wrote
句子：There, Fan Zhongyan 59 (write) his most famous article, “On Yueyang Tower”.
填空位置句子成分：谓语（思路跟53完全一样）
思路：主语Fan Zhongyan，空格是谓语。写文章是主动动作，故事发生在过去，一般过去时。答案：wrote
60.答案：his
句子：Fan Zhongyan devoted 60 (he) time and money to supporting people in their search for knowledge.
填空位置句子成分：定语（代词作定语，就用形物代）
思路：空格修饰后面名词time and money，作定语，需要形容词性物主代词。he变为his。答案：his
结尾小结
语篇填空，核心就是先判断空格在句子里充当什么成分：
✅ 充当谓语 → 考虑被动语态（必考）、时态态 （51*53*59三题）
✅ 充当宾语 → 考虑名词（单复数） 54*58题
✅ 充当定语 → 形容词、物主代词 56*60题
✅ 充当状语 → 副词、不定式 55*57题
✅ 连接两个谓语或句子 → 连词 52题
本题未考察的其他中考常见考点： 1.介词 2.冠词a/an/the 3.名词所有格 4.反身代词 5.形容词/副词比较级或最高级 6.非谓语：doing/（to）do 7.其他中考时态：现在完成时（常考），过去进行时，过去将来时
1.找主语、谓语；
无提示词：优先考虑虚词（介冠连）。
句子：After four years of hard work, he passed the imperial examination 52 became a government official.
句子：When he 53 (leave) Yingtian Academy in 1015, Fan Zhongyan didn’t expect that he would return years later as its principal.
55.答案：to support
句子：Looking back on his own student days, he often used his own money 55 (support) poor students.
句子：With money to raise his family, Sun Fu studied day and night, 57 (final) becoming a respected scholar.
句子：While working in what is today’s Henan Province in 1046, he made a 58 (decide) to improve education for the local people.
思路：主语Fan Zhongyan，空格是谓语。写文章是主动动作，故事发生在过去，一般过去时。答案：wrote
句子：Fan Zhongyan devoted 60 (he) time and money to supporting people in their search for knowledge.
思路：空格修饰后面名词time and money，作定语，需要形容词性物主代词。he变为his。答案：his
语篇填空，核心就是先判断空格在句子里充当什么成分：
✅ 充当谓语 → 考虑被动语态（必考）、时态态
✅ 充当宾语 → 考虑名词（单复数）
✅ 充当定语 → 形容词、物主代词
✅ 充当状语 → 副词、不定式
✅ 连接两个谓语或句子 → 连词
