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练习 49 语法填空＋阅读理解
授课提示：对应学生用书123页
Ⅰ.语法填空
2024·重庆市质研 说明文 198词 ★★★☆☆
Mining has seen ups and downs but traditional condiments (调味料) continue to appeal.
Any mention of Zigong, Sichuan Province, reminds people 1.________ its salt production
and this is 2.________ important source of revenue (财政收入).
The city, about 200 kilometers from Chengdu, has a history of mining salt 3.________
(stretch) back 2，000 years. The salt was sold all over Sichuan and other provinces, and was
consumed by onetenth of China's population. The salt is from wells. One of them, the Shenhai
well, was opened in 1835, and is still in 4.________ (operate). With a depth of 1，001. 42
meters, it is among the world's deepest of its kind and 5.________ (current) produces around 2，
000 kilograms of salt per day. Visitors to the well can buy packs of iodinefree salt 6.________
(mine) just three days earlier.
But, during Spring Festival, 7.________ ends with the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of
the first lunar month—falling on Sunday this year—more people from around the country flock
to Zigong 8.________ (view) its worldfamous lanterns. Viewing lanterns became a Spring
Festival custom in Zigong during the Tang Dynasty. Since then, the 9.________(city) lantern show
has been held in more than 70 countries and regions around the world, becoming a calling card of
both Zigong and China. The popular show 10.________ (start) from the economic dilemma in the
1980s, when Zigong's economy overrelying on a single product became a problem.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了四川省自贡市的井盐和那里的灯笼展的情况。
1．答案与解析：of 考查介词。remind sb.of sth.“提醒某人某事，让某人想到某事”，
是固定用法。句意：一提到四川自贡，人们就会想起它的盐生产，这是重要的财政收入来
源。
2．答案与解析：an 考查冠词。根据空后的“形容词＋名词单数”可知，空处应用冠
词；结合句意可知，此处表泛指，且important的发音以元音音素开头。所以空处填an。
3．答案与解析：stretching 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是
has，空处在句中作非谓语，与其逻辑主语history of mining salt之间是主谓关系，所以空处
填stretching。stretch back“回溯到”。
4．答案与解析：operation 考查名词。in operation“运转着”，是固定表达。句意：
其中一口盐井叫粲海井，它凿成于1835年，至今仍在运转。
5．答案与解析：currently 考查副词。空处修饰后面的动词 produces，应用副词
currently。
6．答案与解析：mined 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是
can buy，空处在句中作非谓语。mine在此作动词，意为“开矿，采矿”，与其逻辑主语
iodinefree salt之间是动宾关系，所以空处填mined。
7．答案与解析：which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语
从句，先行词为表示物的名词 Spring Festival，关系词在从句中作主语，所以空处填which。
8．答案与解析：to view 考查非谓语动词。结合句意可知，空处＋后面的名词短语构
成非谓语动词短语作目的状语，所以空处填不定式to view。句意：但是，今年的春节是星
期天，在春节期间，更多的人涌向自贡去观看世界著名的灯笼。春节一般以农历正月十五
的元宵节为结束标志。
9．答案与解析：city's 考查名词所有格。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的名词
短语lantern show，此处为所属关系，所以填city's。
10．答案与解析：started 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，空处作主句
的谓语。结合时间状语 in the 1980s可知，时态用一般过去时；主语 The popular show与
start之间是主动关系，所以空处填started。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2024·云南高三质检 说明文 327词 ★★★★☆
In about 23 years, it may finally be time to look up. A recently discovered asteroid (小行
星) has a chance of hitting the earth on Valentine's Day in 2046. It was discovered on Feb.26 at
an observatory in San Pedro de Atacama, Chile.
While the thought of an asteroid hitting the earth may sound concerning, National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) says people shouldn't be worried.
The asteroid has an estimated diameter of around 160 feet, which is about the same size as
an Olympic swimming pool or the width of a football field.
“We've been tracking a new asteroid named 2023 DW that has a very small chance of
impacting the earth. Often when new objects are discovered, it takes several weeks' data to reduce
the uncertainties and adequately predict their orbits years into the future ，” NASA's
Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO) said.
The asteroid is ranked on the Torino Scale as Level 1 threat. The scale is a tool to categorize
potential earth impacts, with zero being no threat and 10 being something that can cause a global
disaster. One on the Torino Scale means 2023 DW is in the normal or green zone.
“Current calculations show the chance of collision (碰撞) is extremely unlikely with no
need for public concern，” NASA says of the green zone. “New telescopic observations will
very likely lead to reassignment to Level 0.”
Although 2023 DW doesn't pose a great risk to the earth, NASA has been continuing to work
to defend our planet from any asteroid that could cause disasters.
In September, 2022, NASA crashed its Double Asteroid Redirection Test spacecraft, or
DART, into an asteroid to see if it could change the trajectory of the space rock. NASA later
confirmed the mission was a success, and is continuing to research how effective the method is,
should a massive asteroid be headed our way.
【语篇解读】 美国国家航空航天局通过目前的计算显示，2023 DW小行星碰撞地球
的可能性极低。
1．What does NASA's PDCO say about 2023 DW?
A．It is too close to the earth.
B．It must be destroyed in space.
C．Its orbit is still uncertain now.
D．Its orbit should be changed.答案与解析：C 理解具体信息。第四段说的是美国国家航空航天局的行星防御协调
办公室认为，2023 DW新小行星撞击地球的可能性非常小；当发现新天体时，他们往往会
通过几周的数据减少这些新天体的不确定性，并充分预测它们未来几年的轨道。由此可知
该部门认为2023 DW新小行星的轨道尚不确定，故选C。
2．How is 2023 DW ranked on the Torino Scale?
A．As Level zero threat.
B．As Level ten threat.
C．In the normal zone.
D．In the threatening zone.
答案与解析：C 理解具体信息。根据第五段中的“The asteroid is ranked on the Torino
Scale as Level 1 threat”和“One on the Torino Scale means 2023 DW is in the normal or green
zone”可知，2023 DW小行星在都灵等级中被列为1级威胁，且都灵等级中的1表示2023
DW处于正常区域。由此可知，2023 DW在都灵等级中被列入正常区域，故选C。
3．What does the underlined word “trajectory” mean in the last paragraph?
A．Size. B．Weight.
C．Angle. D．Path.
答案与解析：D 理解词汇。根据上文可知，美国国家航空航天局通过研究该天体的
轨道来预测并减少其对地球造成的威胁。由此可知，画线词意为“轨道”，故选D。句意：
美国国家航空航天局将双小行星重定向测试航天器(DART)撞向一颗小行星，以观察它是否
能改变太空岩石的轨道。
4．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．An Asteroid Was Discovered at an Observatory in Chile
B．An Asteroid Is Coming Our Way, Unlikely to Hit Us
C．A Space Rock Has Just Passed the Earth
D．A Spacecraft Has Been Crashed Recently
答案与解析：B 理解文章主旨要义。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了美国国家航空航
天局通过目前的计算显示，2023 DW小行星碰撞地球的可能性极低。故B项最适合作文章
的标题。
B
2023·全国卷Ⅱ 应用文 315词 ★★★★☆
Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park, and
throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer.
Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)
Whether you're hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park's
amazing wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to
look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon
Village Store.
Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)
Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for as
little or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center.
Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)
From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking
colors of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area's natural and human history. Discoverwhy artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower
platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.
Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10)
Enhance your photography skills—join Yellowstone's park photographer for a handson
program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.
6/19—Waterfalls & Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point.
7/10—Wildflowers & White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking
area.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员
项目。
5．Which of the four programs begins the earliest?
A．Photography Workshops.
B．Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C．Canyon Talks at Artist Point.
D．Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据每个项目后的时间“Experiencing Wildlife in
Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2) [在黄石体验野生动物(5 月 26 日至 9 月 2 日)]”和
“Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21) [少年游骑兵野生动物奥林匹克运
动会(6月5日至8月21日)]”与“Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2) [在
Artist Point的峡谷会谈(6月9日至9月2日)]”以及“Photography Workshops (June 19 &
July 10) [摄影研讨会(6月19日和7月10日)]”可知，四个项目中在黄石体验野生动物开始
的时间最早。故选D。
6．What is the short talk at Artist Point about?
A．Works of famous artists.
B．Protection of wild animals.
C．Basic photography skills.
D．History of the canyon area.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章“Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to
September 2) [在Artist Point的峡谷会谈(6月9日至9月2日)]”部分中的“From a classic
viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon
(峡谷) while learning about the area's natural and human history. (从一个经典的视角，欣赏下
瀑布、黄石河和峡谷的壮丽色彩，同时了解该地区的自然和人类历史)”可知，在Artist
Point的简短演讲主题是关于峡谷地区的历史的。故选D。
7．Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop?
A．Artist Point.
B．Washburn Trailhead.
C．Canyon Village Store.
D．Visitor Education Center.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据文章“Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10)
[摄影研讨会(6月19日和7月10日)]”部分中的“7/10—Wildflowers & White Balance: meet
at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area. (7/10—Wildflowers & White Balance：在奇
滕登停车场的 Washburn Trailhead 举行)”可知，7 月 10 日的摄影研讨会将在 Washburn
Trailhead举行。故选B。
答题策略语法填空——状语从句
状语从句的使用
The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left
例题
________ I could ask for their names.
步骤
分析句子结构判断从句类型：分析可知，couple作主
① 语，left作谓语，从句________I could ask for their
names在句中作状语，为状语从句
结合句意判断何种状语从句：那对年轻的夫妇归还了
我丢失的钱包，在我还没有问他们的名字之前他们就
②
离开了。可知，从句为时间状语从句，连词从when,
as, while, before, since, until等中选择。
结合句意确定连词：表示“在我问起他们的名字之
③
前”，连词用before
答案,Before 那对年轻的夫妇归还了我丢失的钱包，在我还没有问他们的名字之前他
们就离开了。根据句子的意思，空处表示“在……之前”，故填before
