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练习 54 语法填空＋阅读理解＋应用文写作
授课提示：对应学生用书135页
Ⅰ.语法填空
2024·广东广州调研 说明文 225词 ★★★★☆
Recently, Guangzhou has successfully hosted the 2023 Understanding China Conference, the
5th World Media Summit, and other significant events, once again highlighting its role as
1.________ window for the world to comprehend China's highquality development. So,
2.________ Guangzhou? Let's find out.
3．________ (gain) a deeper understanding of China, one must experience its history and
culture. With a history of over 2，000 years and a rich cultural heritage, Guangzhou offers a
variety of historical and cultural 4.________ (treasure). In this city, you can sip (呷) a cup
of coffee while watching Cantonese opera in Yongqingfang or taste Cantonese dim sum (点心)
while gazing at Westernstyle architecture on Shamian Island.
The economy is another crucial aspect in understanding China. In recent years, Guangzhou
has 5.________ (active) participated in the Belt and Road international cooperation, gradually
6.________ (establish) an allround, multilevel, and wideranging pattern of openingup. As a
thousandyearold commercial city known for the Canton Fair, Guangzhou has drawn 7.________
(globe) attention with its open genes and prosperous economy.
Connecting with the world also requires a highly 8.________ (develop) transportation
network. Guangzhou has constructed a modern threedimensional transportation system that links
airports, seaports, railway ports, and digital ports, providing easy access 9.________ both
domestic and foreign participants.
Guangzhou's openness, inclusiveness, vitality, and innovative spirit make it an ideal choice
for hosting international events, which, in turn, 10.________ (help) the economic and social
development of the city.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了广州之所以可以举办如此多的国
际性会议和活动的原因。
1．答案与解析：a 分析句子结构可知，空处限定可数名词window，应用冠词。结合
句意“近日，广州成功举办了2023年‘读懂中国’国际会议、第五届世界媒体峰会和其他
重大活动，再次凸显了其作为世界了解中国高质量发展的窗口的作用”可知，此处表泛指
概念，window的发音以辅音音素开头，所以空处填a。
2．答案与解析：why 根据空后的“Let's find out”(让我们一探究竟)可知，此处询问
“为什么是广州呢？”，所以空处填why。
3．答案与解析：To gain 分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语是must experience，空处在
此处作非谓语。结合句意“为了获得对中国更深入的了解，人们必须体验中国的历史和文
化”可知，此处构成非谓语动词短语作目的状语，应用动词不定式。由于空处位于句首，
首字母需要大写，所以空处填To gain。
4．答案与解析：treasures treasure在此意为“极贵重的物品，珍宝，宝物，珍品”，是可数名词。根据空前的“a variety of”(各种各样的)可知，空处应用名词复数形式，所以
空处填treasures。
5．答案与解析：actively 分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的动词 participated，应
用副词，所以空处填actively。
6．答案与解析：establishing 分析句子结构可知，空处在此作非谓语，此处构成非谓
语动词短语作状语，表示自然而然的结果，故空处填现在分词 establishing。句意：近年来，
广州积极参与“一带一路”国际合作，逐步建立了全方位、多层次、宽领域的开放模式。
7．答案与解析：global 分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的名词 attention，应用形
容词，所以空处填global。
8．答案与解析：developed 分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的名词词组
transportation network，应用形容词。结合句意“与世界连接还需要高度发达的交通网络”
可知，空处填developed“发达的”。本题结合常识和空后的“a modern threedimensional
transportation system that links airports, seaports, railway ports, and digital ports”也可以判断，
空处所填词的意思是“发达的”。
9．答案与解析：for 结合语境“为国内外参与者提供了便利的途径”可知，空处填
for。此处是“provide sth. for sb.”结构。
10．答案与解析：helps/will help 分析句子结构可知，空处作which引导的非限制性
定语从句的谓语。此处可理解为描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时；which指代前面的整
个句子，表示单数概念，且在从句中作主语，所以空处填helps。此处也可以理解为广州是
举办国际盛事的理想地点这件事也对该城市未来的经济和社会发展有帮助，故时态也可以
用一般将来时，填will help。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·全国乙卷 应用文 276词 ★★★★☆
Henry Raeburn (1756－1823)
The Exhibition
This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best
loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the
world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
Lecture Series
Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general
public.
They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.
An Introduction to Raeburn Raeburn's English Contemporaries Thursday
Sunday 26 Oct., 15：00 30 Oct., 13：10
DUNCAN THOMSON JUDY EGERTON
Characters and Characterisation in Raeburn and Artist's Training in the 18th
Raeburn's Portraits Century
Thursday 6 Nov., 13：10 Thursday 13 Nov., 13：10
NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON MARTIN POSTLE
Exhibition Times
MondaySaturday 10.0017.45 Sunday 12.0017.45
Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no readmission.
Closed: 2426 December and 1 January.Admission
￡4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.
Schools and Colleges
A special low entrance charge of ￡2 per person is available to all in fulltime education, up
to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了为纪念苏格兰最受欢迎的画家亨利·雷伯
恩爵士进行的展览的相关情况。
1．What is the right time for attending Raeburn's English Contemporaries?
A.Sun. 26 Oct. B．Thurs. 30 Oct.
C.Thurs. 6 Nov. D．Thurs. 13 Nov.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据表格右上角Raeburn's English Contemporaries部
分“Thursday 30 Oct. (10月30日星期四)”可知，在10月30日星期四可以去参加Raeburn's
English Contemporaries。故选B项。
2．How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?
A.￡4. B．￡8.
C.￡12. D．￡16.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据 Admission 部分“￡4. Children under 12 years
accompanied by an adult are admitted free.(4英镑。12岁以下儿童在一位成人陪同下免费入
场。)”可知，一对夫妇应付4＋4＝8英镑，两个12岁以下的儿童在成人陪同下免费，即
入场费为8英镑。故选B项。
3．How can fulltime students get group discounts?
A.They should go on Sunday mornings.
B.They should come from art schools.
C.They must be led by teachers.
D.They must have ID cards with them.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据最后一段“A special low entrance charge of ￡2 per
person is available to all in fulltime education, up to and including those at first degree level, in
organised groups with teachers.(所有全日制教育的学生，高至并包括那些学士学位水平的学
生，在有教师的组织团体中，均可享受每人2英镑的特别低入场费。)”可知，全日制学生
在有教师的组织团体中，可以获得折扣，即他们必须由教师带领。故选C项。
B
2024·东北三省质检Ⅱ 说明文 324词 ★★★★☆
SWOT satellite is scheduled to be launched on Thursday morning to conduct a
comprehensive survey of Earth's vital__resource. By using advanced microwave radar technology
it will collect heightsurface measurements of oceans, lakes and rivers in highdefinition detail over
90% of the globe. It's really the first time to observe nearly all water on the planet's surface.
The major mission is to explore how oceans adjust climate change by absorbing
atmospheric heat and carbon dioxide in a natural process. Oceans are estimated to have absorbed
more than 90% of the extra heat trapped in the Earth's atmosphere by humancaused greenhouse
gases. SWOT will scan the seas and precisely measure fine differences in surface elevations (高
度) around smaller currents and eddies (涡流), where much of the oceans' decrease of heat andcarbon is believed to occur. “Studying the mechanism will help climate scientists answer a key
question: What the turning point is at which oceans start releasing, rather than absorbing, huge
amounts of heat back into the atmosphere and speed up global warming, rather than limiting
it，” said Nadya Shiffer, SWOT's program scientist.
By comparison, earlier studies of water bodies relied on data of rivers or oceans taken at
specific points, or from satellites that can only track measurements along a onedimensional line,
requiring scientists to fill in data gaps through extrapolation (外推法). Thanks to the radar
instrument, SWOT can scan through cloud cover and darkness over wide ranges of the Earth.
This enables scientists to accurately map their observations in two dimensions regardless of
weather or the time of day and to cover large geographic areas far more quickly than was
previously possible.
“Rather than giving us a line of elevations, it's giving us a map of elevations, and
that's just a total gamechanger，” said Tamlin Pavelsky, SWOT's freshwater science leader.
【语篇解读】 科学家通过利用SWOT将收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高
度表面测量数据，这是第一次对地球表面几乎所有的水资源进行测量。
4．What do the underlined words “vital resource” in the first paragraph refer to?
A．Technology. B．Climate.
C．Oceans. D．Water.
答案与解析：D 理解词汇。根据画线词所在句可知，发射人造卫星 SWOT是为了对
地球上的重要资源进行测量。再根据第一段的最后一句“It's really the first time to observe
nearly all water on the planet's surface”可知，这是第一次对地球表面几乎所有的水资源进行
测量。由此可知，这个重要的资源指的是水。故D项正确。
5．What is the major mission of SWOT satellite?
A．To identify when global warming is worsened.
B．To explore where oceans absorb heat and CO .
2
C．To study how oceans influence climate change.
D．To explain why greenhouse gases come into being.
答案与解析：C 理解具体信息。根据第二段中的“The major mission is to explore how
oceans adjust climate change by absorbing atmospheric heat and carbon dioxide in a natural
process”可知，SWOT的主要任务是探究海洋如何在自然过程中通过吸收大气热量和二氧化
碳来调节气候变化。故C项“为了研究海洋如何影响气候变化”正确。
6．What makes it possible for SWOT to measure precisely?
A．The highdefinition computer.
B．Advanced radar technology.
C．The threedimensional image.
D．An accurate map of elevations.
答案与解析：B 理解具体信息。根据第三段中的“Thanks to the radar instrument...
This enables scientists to accurately map their observations...than was previously possible”可知，
多亏了这个雷达仪器，不管什么天气或什么时间，科学家都能够准确地绘制他们的二维观
测图，并且比以前更快地覆盖大面积的地理区域。故B项正确。
7．Which can be the best title for the text?
A．A Solution to Climate Change
B．A Breakthrough in Space Travel
C．The Successful Launch of SWOT SatelliteD．The First Global Water Survey from Space
答案与解析：D 理解文章主旨要义。通读全文可知，本文第一段点明文章主题，即
利用人造卫星SWOT，科学家第一次对全球水资源进行全面的测量；第二段主要介绍了
SWOT的主要任务是探究海洋如何在自然过程中通过吸收大气热量和二氧化碳来调节气候
变化；第三和第四段主要介绍了与之前研究依靠的数据和人造卫星相比，SWOT给科学家
带来的突破和具有的优势。故D项作本文的标题最佳。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
[2024·济南市高三模拟]假定你是校学生会主席李华，时值春暖花开，万物复苏，请你
围绕“走进春天，锻炼身体”这一主题，在校英文报上发一封倡议书，要点如下：
1．倡议的目的；
2．具体内容；
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear friends，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
The Students' Union
One possible version：
Dear friends，
Spring has come! Flowers blossom and everything is coming back to life. It is high time
that we embraced the bright spring and built up our body (虚拟语气). So it is strongly advocated
that we go outdoors and take exercise regularly (主语从句，it作形式主语).
First, we are supposed to do more sports daily, which is definitely beneficial to our
immune system (非限制性定语从句). We can play ball games, jog or take a walk after school.
Besides, at weekends, it is a good choice to go hiking with our friends or family.
Let's act together now to strengthen our physical health and create a better life.
The Students' Union
