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年 全 国 教 师 资 格
2 0 2 4
理 论 精 讲 -句 法 5
讲师：李婉君
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If+主语+
与将来事实相反 If+主语+ 主语+__________+___________
If+主语+
：
1.had +expected/ hoped/ supposed, etc _____________
从句
2.It's (high/about) time + _________
宾语从句 与将来事实相反
3.would rather/ had rather : _______
：与现在事实相反
4. If only _________
与愿望、建议、要求、命令等相关名词性从句
5. :____________
介词或介词短语 等 名词结构代替 条件句表示的虚拟语气；
6. __________________ + if
如果条件从句中包含有 ， 有时可把 省略掉，形成倒装虚拟语气。
7. _______ if倒 装 句
Inverted sentence什 么 是 倒装 ？
谓 语 的 全 部或 部分 （助动词 或 情 态 动词 ）放在 主 语 之 前 的 现象
称为 倒装 。
这事儿我要强调一下！全部倒装
将谓语动词完全移到主语前
倒装
谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至
部分倒装
主语之前， 若无可添加助词do/does/did.
试判断：
Here comes the bus.
Only in this way can I achieve success.
Never did I meet her.（一 ）全 部倒装
有 时 表 地 方地点 方位 时间
1. here, there, up, down, in, out, off, away, now, then 等副词开头的句子表示强调.
有
【例1】The children rushed out. Out rushed the children.
【例2】Your turn comes now. Now comes your turn.
时
【例3】There is a cup on the table. 有
2. 表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首
表
【例】Two tables and four chairs stood under the tree .
Under the tree stood two tables and four chairs.
3 . 强调表语， 置于句首
表 地
【例1】1,000 students were present at the meeting.
Present at the meeting were 1,000 students.
方
【例2】 This kind of cloth feels very soft.
_____________________________________________• 【巩固提升3】Here ________. Let’s welcome him.
A. the new teacher comes B. comes the new teacher
C. came the new teacher D. the new teacher has come
• _________ who had arrested him three times for smuggling.
A. Before John stood the policeman B. Before the policeman stood John
C. Before the policeman John stood D. Before John the policeman stood• ---How can I achieve my dreams in a short time?
---Be practical. Between you and your dreams ___________ a lot of hard work.
A. stand B. stands C. had stood D. are standing
• __________ and the mouse was caught.
A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped
C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped the cat• 注意 ： 以上三类情况，如果主语是代词时不倒装：
1 Here you are. Out he ran.
• 注意 ：当表示地点的介词短语放到句首时，如果谓语部分用 动词＋现在分词 过去分词时，
2 be /
需把现在分词或过去分词提到介词短语的前面。
【例 】
1 A boy aged about twelve was lying on the floor.
•
Lying on the floor was a boy aged about twelve.
【例 】
2 The guests were seated in the front.
•
_________________________________________________________.• In the distance, _____________ a little girl with her lovely dog following her closely.
A. walking in the rain was B. was walking in the rain
C. in the rain was walking D. was in the rain walking（二 ）部分 倒装不只如此让步也虚祝福
never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, not，by no means，in no way等表否定意义的副词放句首
否定形式: no sooner...than, hardly/scarcely...when..; not only...but also...; not until
•
Hardly did I know what had happened.
•
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
•
Not until 10 o'clock did he come back. = He didn't come back until 10 o'clock.
•
Not until he returned did we have supper. = We didn't have supper until he returned.
主 倒从不 倒不只如此让步也虚祝福
neither...nor...连接并列的句子，前后都倒。
【例1】Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.
【例2】Neither I nor you care about it.
not only…but also 连接并列的句子，前倒后不倒。
【例1】Not only does he know French, but also he is expert at it.
【例2】Not only I but also Tom and Mary are fond of watching television.
看否定的位置！• 【巩固提升1】Under no circumstances ________ our car.
A. they are borrow B. are they to borrow
C. they will borrow D. could they be borrowing
• 【巩固提升2】No sooner ________ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into
thunderous applause.
A. had Mo Yan B. Mo Yan had
C. has Mo Yan D. Mo Yan has• 【巩固提升4】From then on we never saw her again, nor ________ from her.
A. heard we B. had we heard
C. we have heard D. did we hear
• --- How was the televised debate last night?
--- Super! Rarely ______ so much media attention.
A. a debate attracted B. did a debate attract
C. a debate did attract D. attracted a debate• Not only __________, but they also should avoid making phone calls or looking at WeChat while
driving.
A. should the food delivery drivers wear helmets
B. the food delivery drivers should wear helmets
C. wear the food delivery drivers helmets
D. do the food delivery drivers wear helmets不只如此让步也虚祝福
2. only 和修饰的状语放于句首
Only then did he realize the importance of English.
Only when I left my parents for Italy did I realize how much I loved them.
Only the senior staff are allowed to use this room. 若 only 不在句首或 only 修饰的不是状语 则不倒装
不只如此让步也虚祝福
3. so…that, such…that 中的 so 或 such 及修饰的成分放于句首时, 前倒后不倒。
So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.
Such a clever student is she that all teachers like her.• 【巩固提升5】________ you eat the correct foods ________ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.
A. Only if; will you B. Only if; you will
C. Unless; will you D. Unless; you will
• Only under special circumstances ________ to take those tests.
A. are freshmen permitted B. freshmen are permitted
C. permitted are freshmen D. are permitted freshmen• _____________ homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest.
A. So much B. Too much
C. Too little D. So little不只如此让步也虚祝福
4. as 引导的让步状语， 把需要强调的部分提前（如名词、 动词、 形容词、 副词）
Child as he is, he has learned a lot.
Successful as he is, he is not proud.
Fast as you read, you can’t finish the book in two days.
Search as they would, they could find nothing in the house.• 【2016上初中】Again as ______ in this experiment, he didn’t lose heart.
A. he failed B. did he fail
C. he did fail D. had he failed
• __________ , he couldn’t earn enough to support the family.
A. Hard as he worked B. As he worked hard
C. As hard he worked D. Hard as did he work不只如此让步也虚祝福
助动词 情态动词 系动词 主语 表示前面说过的情况也适用于另一人或物时，要部分倒装。
5. “so/nor/neither+ / / + ”
【例 】
1 --- He can play the piano. --- So can I.
【例 】
2 --- Li Lei can’t dance. --- Nor can Tom.• 【2017下初中】—Will John come to the party? —No, he won’t come and _______.
A. Antony neither won’t B. won’t Antony neither
C. either will Antony D. neither will Antony
• 【2014下高中】I will never know all that was in his head at the time, _______.
A. nor will anyone else B. nor anyone else will
C. nor won’t anyone else D. nor anyone else won’t• If you don’t go, neither ______.
A. shall I B. do I C. I do D. I shall
• I can’t change what I did; ______.
A. neither can you B. so you can C. you can neither D. nor can’t you不只如此让步也虚祝福
6. 省略 if 的虚拟条件
Were I you, I would not do it in this way.
不只如此让步也虚祝福
7. 用于表示祝愿的祈使句中
May you be in good health!
May you succeed!整 体 回 顾• Mary never does any reading in the evening, ___________.
A. so does John B. John does too
C. John doesn’t too D. nor does John
• In front of the house ___________.
A. a boy sat B. did a boy sit
C. sat a boy D. was sitting a boy• No sooner ___________ asleep than a knock at the door ___________ him.
A. he had fallen; awakened B. he fell; did awakened
C. had he fallen; awakened D. did he fall; was awakened
• —Why can’t I smoke? —At no time ___________ in the meeting room.
A. smoking is permitted B. is smoking permitted
C. permits smoking D. does smoke permit
