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2024 年高考英语一轮复习测试卷四（北京卷）
本试卷共100分。考试时长100分钟
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5份，共15份）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上
将该选项涂黑。
(2022-2023学年北京市海淀区)
Before Jenny passed away from cancer, she made her husband, Steve, and their daughter, Brittany, promise her
one thing: he would ___1___ Brittany, a high school senior, to the homecoming (返校节) game, where she was
___2___ for homecoming queen. It was important to her that her daughter should go. Brittany and Steve ___3___.
Days later, on the morning of Friday, September 24, Jenny died. Keeping their ___4___, that very afternoon,
an emotional Brittany walked arm in arm with her father across the football field with the other nominees (被提名
者) to await the ___5___ of the voting.
Brittany wasn’t named homecoming queen that day; Nyla was. But, like many in the close-knit community,
Nyli had heard about Jenny and her noble deeds for the community. In a(n) ___6___ gesture, moments after
receiving the crown, Nyla walked over to Brittany, removed the crown from her head, and placed it atop her
friend’s. The two embraced, ___7___ holding each other tightly for support.
“She’d rather have her mom than a crown,” Nyla said. By handing it to Brittany, “I was telling her that she
was her mom’s queen, and that she was loved by many, especially me.”
“I fell so much love from her, and I just felt s much love for her,” said Brittany, who paid Nyla the ultimate
praise. “I can see my mom through Nyla. They have the same caring, ___8___ spirit.”
“Nyla is no less queen for lack of a crown.” said a teacher. There’s a saying that real queens ___9___ each
other’s crowns. But the truth is, real queens give up their crowns to let other queens ____10____.
1．A．invite B．introduce C．recommend D．accompany
2．A．running B．voting C．seeking D．applying
3．A．agreed B．negotiated C．hesitated D．declined4．A．award B．promise C．appointment D．secret
5．A．session B．process C．outcome D．start
6．A．unplanned B．expectant C．unwilling D．typical
7．A．gratefully B．cheerfully C．sadly D．tearfully
8．A．volunteering B．nursing C．giving D．forgiving
9．A．wear B．make C．trade D．fix
10．A．stand B．shine C．lead D．celebrate
1．D 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．D 10．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Brittany的母亲患癌症去世了，虽然Brittany没能赢得返校节女
王，但她的朋友Nyla将自己的王冠戴在了她的头上，以表达自己的支持。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在珍妮死于癌症之前，她让她的丈夫史蒂夫和他们的女儿布列塔尼答应她
一件事：他会陪高中毕业班的布列塔尼去参加返校节比赛，在那里她竞选返校节女王。A. invite邀请；B.
introduce介绍；C. recommend推荐；D. accompany陪伴。根据后文“Brittany, a high school senior, to the
homecoming game”指陪伴女儿去参加返校节比赛，故选D。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在珍妮死于癌症之前，她让她的丈夫史蒂夫和他们的女儿布列塔尼答应她
一件事：他会陪高中毕业班的布列塔尼去参加返校节比赛，在那里她竞选返校节女王。A. running奔跑，
竞选；B. voting投票；C. seeking寻找；D. applying应用。根据后文“for homecoming queen”指竞选返校节
女王，应用run for表示“竞选”。故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：布列塔尼和史蒂夫同意了。A. agreed同意；B. negotiated协商；C. hesitated
犹豫；D. declined下降。结合后文“emotional Brittany walked arm in arm with her father”提到史蒂夫陪女儿
去竞选，可知女儿布列塔尼和史蒂夫同意了。故选A。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那天下午，布列塔尼遵守诺言，激动地与父亲手挽手，与其他被提名
者一起穿过足球场，等待投票结果。A. award奖励；B. promise承诺；C. appointment任命；D. secret秘
密。根据后文“emotional Brittany walked arm in arm with her father”可知，女儿遵守和母亲的诺言，短语
keep one’s promise表示“遵守诺言”。故选B。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那天下午，布列塔尼遵守诺言，激动地与父亲手挽手，与其他被提名
者一起穿过足球场，等待投票结果。A. session会议；B. process过程；C. outcome结果；D. start开始。根
据上文“the other nominees to await the”可知，此处是和其他被提名者一起穿过足球场，等待投票结果。故
选C。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一个意外的举动中，在接受皇冠后不久，尼拉走向布列塔尼，从她的头上取下皇冠，并把它放在她朋友的头上。A. unplanned意外的；B. expectant期待的；C. unwilling不情愿
的；D. typical典型的。根据后文“moments after receiving the crown, Nyla walked over to Brittany, removed
the crown from her head, and placed it atop her friend’s”可知，尼拉把自己的皇冠给了朋友，是意外的举动。
故选A。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：两人拥抱在一起，含泪紧紧地拥抱在一起。A. gratefully感谢地；B.
cheerfully高兴地；C. sadly悲伤地；D. tearfully含泪地。根据后文“holding each other tightly for support”可
知，此处指两人拥抱在一起，因为感动而含泪。故选D。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们有同样的关怀和给予精神。A. volunteering志愿；B. nursing护理；C.
giving给予；D. forgiving原谅。根据上文可知，尼拉把自己的王冠给了布列塔尼，此处指给予精神。故选
C。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：俗话说，真正的女王会为彼此整理王冠。A. wear穿；B. make制作；C.
trade交易；D. fix整理。根据上文两个朋友的故事可知，此处real queens fix each other’s crowns“真正的女
王会为彼此整理王冠”用来表示朋友之间互相扶持与提携。故选D。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但事实是，真正的女王会放弃自己的王冠，让其她女王发光。A. stand站
立；B. shine闪耀；C. lead带领；D. celebrate庆祝。根据上文“real queens give up their crowns to let other
queens”可知，真正的女王会放弃自己的王冠，让其她女王发光。故选B。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分）
(2023门头沟区)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处
用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Standing on the shore of a lake, I couldn’t help admiring the hundreds of small rock
that____11____(surround) my shoes. All created from hard surfaces, the rocks soften over time. And I was
wondering ____12____we could learn from a pile of rocks. Once was a sharp rock that was covered with pointy
edges, and now I have found my attitude have softened and my desire to understand others ____13____(expand)
with time.
【答案】11. surrounded 12. what 13. has expanded
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者站在湖岸边，看着鞋子周围的小石子，油然而生对生活的感悟。
11考查时态。句意：站在湖岸上，我忍不住欣赏着鞋子周围的数百块小石头。分析句子结构，空白处在定
语从句中作谓语，因句子表达的是一个过去的动作，应使用一般过去时，故填surrounded。12考查名词性从句。句意：我想知道我们能从一堆石头中学到什么。分析句子结构，这是一个包含宾语从
句的复合句，因空白处在句子中做主语表示内容，使用what引导定语从句，故填what。
13考查时态。句意：随着时间的推移，我发现自己的态度被软化了，理解他人的欲望也扩大了。分析句子
结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，谓语动词使用现在完
成时，故填has expanded。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处
用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Oil dominates every aspect____14____our life. It fuels our cars, and it is used in production of our plastic
goods and the electricity for our homes and factories. Moreover, it can even____15____(find) in the fertilizer for
the soil in which our food grows. Oil makes nations ____16____ (extreme) wealthy, while shortages of oil can
bring economies to their knees. In short, this black and sticky substance has been running____17____(we) world.
【答案】14. of 15. be found 16. extremely 17. our
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了石油控制着我们生活的方方面面。
14考查介词。句意：石油主宰着我们生活的方方面面。根据空白处上文“aspect (方面)”以及下文“our life
(我们生活)”可知上下文之间为所属关系，故填of。
15考查被动语态。句意：此外，它甚至可以在我们食物生长的土壤的肥料中找到。分析句子结构，空白处
在句子中作谓语，与主语之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态，因空白处前面有情态动词can，空白处只需
填be+过去分词，故填be found。
16考查副词。句意：石油使国家变得极其富有，而石油短缺会使经济陷入瘫痪。分析句子结构，空白处在
句子中作状语，使用副词，故填extremely。
17考查代词。句意：简而言之，这种黑色粘稠的物质一直在统治着我们的世界。分析句子结构，空白处在
句子中作定语，应使用形容词性物主代词，故填our。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处
用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When we go outdoors in winter,cold wind gets through our clothes, ____18____(hit)our body parts fiercely.
Then we may feel cold. How do we feel cold? Actually human skin is filled with temperature-sensing nerve
receptors named TRPs,which receive stimuli (刺激) from the environment. ____19____(sense) the cold，the brain
uses one of the receptors called TRPM8.When the TRPM8 is hit by stimuli,it will send an electric signal to thebrain,___20___understands the signal as “cold”.
【答案】18. hitting 19. To sense 20. which
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍我们是怎样感知到冷的。
18考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：当我们在冬天外出时，冷风穿过我们的衣服，猛烈地袭击我们的身体
部位。此处句子主语cold wind和动词hit之间是主动关系，是现在分词作伴随状语。故填hitting。
19考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为了感知寒冷，大脑使用一种名为TRPM8的受体。此处是动词不
定式作目的状语，且to的首字母大写。故填To sense。
20考查非限制性定语从句。句意：当TRPM8受到刺激时，它会向大脑发送一个电信号，大脑将这个信号
理解为“冷”。此处the brain作先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，定语从句由关系代
词which引导。故填which。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
(2022-2023平谷区)
Enjoy the family-friendly adventure at Dino Park in Myrtle Beach! This exciting museum gives guests the
chance to come face-to-face with life-sized dinos! These beasts have a vast history that will spark imagination and
allow visitors of all ages to enjoy educational fun.
During your self-guided adventure through Dino Park, you will be treated to up-close views at dazzling
animatronics(电子动画) of your favorite scaly dinosaurs. There are more than 20 life-sized dinosaurs to discover.
Along the way, you will be able to learn about some awesome dino facts and get your fill of prehistoric fun!
Additionally, visitors will be able to enjoy CGI footage that gives a glimpse into the lives of the dinos. It is the
perfect way to learn all about the dinosaurs through interesting facts and hands-on activities. Throughout the
museum are various facts about the dinosaurs displayed on informative and colorful posters.
Dino Park activities
Dino Explore Pit: The kids will have a blast diving into the Dino Explore Pit! This ball pit features 100,000
balls offering tons of room to bounce around. It is a fun attraction for all ages to enjoy.
Dig a Dino Fossil: Become a real-life archaeologist as you put your digging skills to the test! Look out for
some awesome fossils as you search for the next greatest dinosaur discovery.Ride a Tyrannosaurus: This fun animatronic ride is perfect for kids who want to experience some thrilling
fun! Climb aboard for an action-packed ride that you won’t soon forget.
Play Area: Kids will enjoy burning off some extra energy at the playground area. The playground features
dino-themed puzzle floors, bright pictures on the walls, and play equipment featuring a slide and dinosaurs they can
climb on.
So, whether you are a longtime dinosaur lover or want to bring the kids to see some moving dino park
exhibits, you are sure to have a great time here!
21. At Dino Park, visitors ________.
A. can feel the joy of prehistoric times
B. will be taught animatronics face to face
C. will be able to find the perfect way to see CGI film
D. can participate in hands-on poster making activities
22. Which of the following will remain fresh in the minds of kids?
A. Dino Explore Pit. B. Dig a Dino Fossil.
C. Ride a Tyrannosaurus. D. Play Area.
23. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To introduce a variety of life-sized dinosaurs.
B. To recommend a museum with educational fun.
C. To compare the different activities at the Dino Park.
D. To provide archaeologists with some clues about dinosaurs.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章对默特尔海滩的迪诺公园进行了介绍。
21细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Along the way, you will be able to learn about some awesome dino facts
and get your fill of prehistoric fun!(在此过程中，您将能够了解一些令人敬畏的恐龙事实，并获得史前乐
趣！)”可知，在Dino公园，游客可以感受到史前时代的欢乐。故选A。
22细节理解题。根据第六段Ride a Tyrannosaurus最后一句“Climb aboard for an action-packed ride that you
won’t soon forget.(登上这趟惊险刺激的旅程，你不会很快忘记。)”可知，“骑暴龙”会让孩子们记忆犹新。
故选C。
23推理判断题。根据第一段“Enjoy the family-friendly adventure at Dino Park in Myrtle Beach! This exciting
museum gives guests the chance to come face-to-face with life-sized dinos! These beasts have a vast history that
will spark imagination and allow visitors of all ages to enjoy educational fun.(在默特尔海滩的迪诺公园享受适合家庭的冒险吧！这个令人兴奋的博物馆让游客有机会与真人大小的恐龙面对面！这些动物有着丰富的历
史，将激发想象力，让所有年龄段的游客都能享受教育的乐趣。)”可知，这篇文章的目的是推荐一个具有
教育意义的博物馆。故选B。
B
（2022·北京·人大附中校考三模）
Is there a magic cutoff period when children become responsible for their own actions? Is there a wonderful
moment when parents can become spectators in the lives of their children and shrug, “It’s their life,” and feel
nothing?
When I was in my twenties, I stood in a hospital passage waiting for doctors to put a few stitches (缝线) in my
son’s head. I asked, “When do you stop worry?” The nurse said, “When they get out of the accident stage.” My
mother just smiled faintly and said nothing.
When I was in my thirties, I sat on a little chair in a classroom and heard how one of my children talked
continually and disrupted the class. As if to read my mind, a teacher said. “Don’t worry, they all go through this
stage and then you can sit back, relax and enjoy them.” My mother just smiled faintly and said nothing.
When I was in my forties, I spent a lifetime waiting for the phone to ring, the cars to come home, the front
door to open. A friend said, “They’re trying to find themselves. Don’t worry, in a few years, you can stop worrying.
They’ll adults.” My mother just smiled faintly and said nothing.
By the time I was 50, I was sick and tired of being weak. I was still worrying over my children, but there was a
new wrinkle, there was nothing I could do about it. My mother just smiled faintly and said nothing.
I continued to suffer from their failures, and be absorbed in their disappointments. My friends said that when
my kids got married, I could stop worrying and lead my own life. I wanted to believe that, but I was haunted by my
mother’s warm smile and her occasional “You look pale. Are you all right? Call me the minute you get home. Are
you depressed about something?” Can it be that parents are sentenced to a lifetime of worry?
One of my children telephoned me last month, saying, “Where were you? I’ve been calling for three days, and
no one answered. I was worried.”
I smiled a warm smile.
24．The author intends to tell us in the passage that ________.
A．parents long for a period when they no longer worry about their children
B．there is no time when parents have no worry about their children
C．it’s parents’ duty to worry about their childrenD．parents don’t have to worry their children
25．The author mentioned her ages of twenties, thirties, forties and fifty in order to show ________.
A．the hard times she experienced in her life
B．the different stages of her children
C．she had been worrying about her children in her life
D．the support she received from her mother
26．What can we infer from the last sentence “I smiled a warm smile”?
A．Finally the mother didn’t have to worry about her children.
B．The mother was pleased that her child began to worry about her, too.
C．At last the mother could live her own life without worry.
D．The mother felt satisfied that she had succeeded in turning her children into adults.
【答案】24．B 25．C 26．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。以一名家长的视角阐述了一个道理：只要是家长都会关心和担心自己的孩
子。
24．推理判断题。根据文章开头“Is there a magic cutoff period when children become responsible for their own
actions?”(有没有一个神奇的截止期，让孩子们对自己的行为负责？)以及根据第二段中的“When I was in
my twenties, I stood in a hospital passage waiting for doctors to put a few stitches in my son’s head.”(当我二十岁
的时候，我站在医院的通道里，等着医生给我儿子的头上缝几针。)；和第三段中“When I was in my
thirties, I sat on a little chair in a classroom and heard how one of my children talked continually and disrupted the
class.”(30多岁的时候，我坐在教室的一把小椅子上，听到我的一个孩子不停地说话，扰乱了课堂。)；以
及第四段中“When I was in my forties, I spent a lifetime waiting for the phone to ring, the cars to come home, the
front door to open.”(在我四十多岁的时候，我花了一辈子的时间等着电话铃响，等着车开回家，等着前门打
开。)根据第五段“By the time I was 50, I was sick and tired of being weak. I was still worrying over my
children”（到我50岁的时候，我生病了，身体虚弱。我还在担心我的孩子们）可知，作者身为家长，在每
个年龄段都会对孩子时时牵挂。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“When I was in my twenties, I stood in a hospital passage waiting for
doctors to put a few stitches in my son’s head.”(当我二十岁的时候，我站在医院的通道里，等着医生给我儿子
的头上缝几针。)；和第三段中“When I was in my thirties, I sat on a little chair in a classroom and heard how
one of my children talked continually and disrupted the class.”(30多岁的时候，我坐在教室的一把小椅子上，
听到我的一个孩子不停地说话，扰乱了课堂。)；以及第四段中“When I was in my forties, I spent a lifetimewaiting for the phone to ring, the cars to come home, the front door to open.”(在我四十多岁的时候，我花了一辈
子的时间等着电话铃响，等着车开回家，等着前门打开。)，根据第五段“By the time I was 50, I was sick
and tired of being weak. I was still worrying over my children”（到我50岁的时候，我生病了，身体虚弱。我
还在担心我的孩子们）可知作者在提及各个年龄阶段，是为了说明无论孩子年龄多大，任何家长对子女的
担心和关心都是始终如一的。C项与此符合，也与本文的主旨：每个家长都会关心和担心自己的孩子，相
符。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“One of my children telephoned me last month, saying, Where were you?
I’ve been calling for three days, and no one answered. I was worried.”(上个月，我的一个孩子打电话问我：“你
在哪里？”我打了三天电话，没人接，我是很担心的。)可知，作者的孩子开始关心和担心作者了，作者觉
到孩子们懂事了长大了，因此很开心。故选B。
C
（2022·北京·北京市十一学校校考三模）
“Does my smile look big in this?” Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your
reflection to make you look—and hence feel—happier, encouraging you to like what you see.
That’s the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleagues at the
University of Tokyo in Japan. The system can manipulate, or in other words, control your emotions and personal
preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face.
The principle that physiological changes can drive emotional ones—that laughter comes before happiness,
rather than the other way around—is a well-established idea.
The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that manipulates how you
feel. The system works by presenting the user with a web-camera image of his or her face—as if they were looking
in a mirror. The image is then subtly altered with software, turning the corners of the mouth up or down and
changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown.
Without telling them the aim of the study, the team recruited 21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the
screen while performing an unrelated task. When the task was complete, the participants rated how they felt. When
the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier. On the other hand, when the image
was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy.
Yoshida and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers’ emotional state would influence their
preferences. Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image. The
volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it, andthose that saw themselves not smiling were less likely.
The system could be used to manipulate consumers’ impressions of products, said the researchers. For
example, mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections. They
also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying
them on.
“It’s certainly an interesting area,” says Chris Creed at the University of Birmingham, UK. But he notes that
using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of
expressions. “Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring that the reflected image looks believable
would be much more challenging,” he says.
Of course, there are also important moral questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology. “You
could argue that if it makes people happy, what harm is it doing?” says Creed. “But I can imagine that many people
may feel manipulated, uncomfortable and cheated if they found out.”
27．What’s the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System?
A．To see whether laughter comes before happiness.
B．To see whether one’s facial expressions can be altered.
C．To see whether one’s feeling can be unconsciously affected.
D．To replace the mirrors in future clothing-store fitting rooms.
28．What can we learn about the web-camera image in the study?
A．It gave the volunteers a false image.
B．It attempted to make the volunteers feel happier.
C．It recorded the volunteers’ performance in the task.
D．It beautified the volunteers’ appearance in the mirror.
29．What does Creed mention as a limitation of the technology?
A．It only works in clothing stores.
B．It only makes subtle changes to people’s expressions.
C．It only changes the areas around the mouth and the eyes.
D．It only deals with a limited number of facial expressions.
30．What does Creed’s comment on the moral issues with this technology imply?
A．Nothing is more important than happiness.
B．Technology is unable to manipulate people.
C．People should neglect the harm of the technology.D．People should have the right to make decisions independently.
【答案】27．C 28．A 29．D 30．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了未来服装店里的试衣间的镜子可以巧妙的调整
你的影像，让你看上去很漂亮并且感觉到很开心，从而使你喜欢上你看到的东西，这就是日本东京大学的
繁熊吉田和同事开发的情绪系统背后的理念，这个系统能通过呈现给你一个你自己的笑脸或者哭脸来控制
你的情绪以及个人偏好。
27．推理判断题。根据第二段的“The system can manipulate, or in other words, control your emotions and
personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face.(该系统可以操纵，
或者换句话说，通过呈现你自己的微笑或皱眉的脸的形象来控制你的情绪和个人偏好)”根据第五段“When
the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier. On the other hand, when the image
was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy.”（当屏幕上的面孔出现微笑时，人们报告说他们
感到更快乐。另一方面，当图片上有悲伤的表情时，他们报告说感觉不那么快乐。）可知，该系统的主要
目的是为了观察一个人的感觉是否可以不自觉地受到影响。故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据第四段的“The system works by presenting the user with a web-camera image of his or
her face as if they were looking in a mirror. The image is then subtly altered with-software, turning the corners of
the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown.(该系统
的工作原理是向用户展示他或她的脸的网络摄像头图像，就像他们在照镜子一样。然后用软件巧妙地改变
图像，上下转动嘴角，改变眼睛周围的区域，让人看起来像是微笑或皱眉。)”可知，网络摄像头的图像要
让志愿者感觉他们在照镜子，即让他们相信看到的图像，而这个图像是被修改了的。由此可见在研究中，
我们了解到的web-camera图像只是一种假象。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据第八段第二句“But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than
in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions.(但他指出，在商店里使用这种技术会比在实验
室里更难，因为人们会使用广泛的表达方式)”可知克里德提出在商店很难采用这项技术，原因在于人们的
表情太过于丰富，由此可见这项技术的局限性是只能处理相对简单的有限的面部表情。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘You could argue that if it makes people happy, what harm is it doing?’
says Creed. ‘But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated uncomfortable and cheated if they found
out.’(克里德说，“你可以说，如果它能让人们快乐，那它又有什么害处呢？但我可以想象，如果许多人弄
清楚了，他们可能会感到被操纵、不舒服和被欺骗。”)”可知克里德提出这项技术虽然可以让人快乐，但
如果被发现了，也可以让人产生被操控感，不安和被欺骗感。因此可知Creeds对这种技术的道德问题的评
价暗示着人们应该独立做决定。故选D。D
(2023房山区)
Have you ever seen a kid in class who wouldn’t volunteer to read or answer a question? I was that type of
student. Talking in class was a struggle for me because the fear of saying the wrong thing was always on my mind.
There were constant announcements about students in our class winning writing awards. It was a dream for
me. I have always felt unsure of myself when writing. Semicolons confused me and I used too many commas. I had
no idea how to cite anything. During my freshman year, the teacher would pick the best essay in our class to be
read out loud, but mine was never chosen. I found it really hard to write an essay.
One teacher Mr. Wilson, who taught me the next semester, changed everything. He was in his fifties and had a
reputation for having a particular teaching style. He connected writing and reading to football, but somehow it
made sense. What really made him special to me was that every class he would pick someone to read their writing
out loud to the class.
In one of his lessons, he said: “I will not always pick the essay that I think has the best grammar or use of
vocabulary. I will pick the one that I think has the most character.” This part was confusing tome because how can
writing have character? He went on to explain: “I want to read something that I can tell the writer feel a lot while
writing it. I want to feel the emotions you were going through as you wrote it.”
A few weeks later, for the first time, my essay was chosen to be read to my classmates. I can’t even remember
what it was about, but I remember how nervous I was to see his reaction, mixed with pride at the fact that he felt
like my work was worth sharing. He gave me his comments at the end of it, but I was too nervous to remember
them. After class, he told me he was excited to read more of my work.
He made me feel special in the way he led the class, and I got over my fear of sharing my work in class. He
made me believe in my writing abilities and gave me the confidence to continue writing.
31. Talking in class used to be difficult for the author because __________.
A. he had never won any awards for speaking B. he didn’t know how to answer questions
C. he had no idea how to cite anything D. he was afraid of making mistakes
32. According to the author, what made Mr. Wilson different from other teachers?
A. His style of teaching. B. His love for students.
C. His interest in writing. D. His passion for football.
33. From the passage, we can know that __________.
A. Mr. Wilson preferred essays with good use of vocabularyB. the author remembered Mr. Wilson’s comments very well
C. Mr. Wilson thought the author’s passage was full of emotions
D. the author believed that his essay was worth sharing in the class
34. Which of the following words can best describe Mr. Wilson?
A. Kind and ambitious. B. Honest and confident.
C. Creative and inspiring. D. Reliable and generous.
【答案】31. D 32. A 33. C 34. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了威尔逊先生特别的教学方式对作者的积极影响，他让作者觉得
自己很特别，也克服了在课堂上分享的恐惧。
31细节理解题。根据第一段“Talking in class was a struggle for me because the fear of saying the wrong thing
was always on my mind.(在课堂上讲话对我来说是一场斗争，因为我总是担心说错话)”可知，在课堂上说话
对作者来说曾经是困难的，因为他害怕犯错。故选D。
32细节理解题。根据第三段“He was in his fifties and had a reputation for having a particular teaching style. He
connected writing and reading to football, but somehow it made sense.(他五十多岁，以其独特的教学风格而闻
名。他把写作和阅读与足球联系在一起，但不知何故，这是有道理的)”和最后一段“He made me feel
special in the way he led the class, and I got over my fear of sharing my work in class. (他带领课堂的方式让我感
到特别，我克服了在课堂上分享作业的恐惧)”可知，根据作者的观点，威尔逊先生与其他老师的不同之处
是他的教学风格。故选A。
33细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“I want to read something that I can tell the writer feel a lot while writing it. I
want to feel the emotions you were going through as you wrote it.(我想读一些我能告诉作者在写作时感受很多
的东西。我想感受你写这文章时的感情)”以及倒数第二段“A few weeks later, for the first time, my essay was
chosen to be read to my classmates.(几个星期后，我的文章第一次被选上读给同学们听)”可知，威尔逊先生认
为作者的文章充满了感情。故选C。
34推理判断题。根据第三段“He was in his fifties and had a reputation for having a particular teaching style. He
connected writing and reading to football, but somehow it made sense.(他五十多岁，以其独特的教学风格而闻
名。他把写作和阅读与足球联系在一起，但不知何故，这是有道理的)”以及最后一段“He made me feel
special in the way he led the class, and I got over my fear of sharing my work in class. He made me believe in my
writing abilities and gave me the confidence to continue writing.(他带领班级的方式让我觉得自己很特别，我也
克服了在课堂上分享我的工作的恐惧。他让我相信自己的写作能力，给了我继续写作的信心)”可推知，威
尔逊先生有创造力和鼓舞人心的人。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。
“Just think positively!”
“It could be worse.”
“You should look at the bright side!”
We’ve all heard (and maybe used) these phrases without much thought. But they could be contributing to a
culture of toxic(有毒的) positivity. For those new to this term, it might sound like an oxymoron(矛盾修辞法). How
can positivity be toxic? Isn’t it supposed to be helpful, or “positive”, as the name suggests? ____35____
“Toxic positivity is when somebody avoids all negative thoughts or feelings, pretending everything is going
well when it is not,” explains Melissa Dowd, a therapist at PlushCare, a virtual health platform for primary care and
mental health services.Whitney Goodman, the author of Toxic Positivity describes toxic positivity as the “endless
pressure to be happy and positive, no matter what the circumstances are.” ____36____ It’s also something we can
cause other people to experience.
Expressing toxic positivity to others may look like offering them a simple solution to a complicated problem
that we know nothing about, or not allowing people around you to appropriately express negative emotions.
Toxic positivity causes us to suppress our emotions, which can make them worse. ____37____ “Although it
can be helpful to look on the bright side when facing challenges,” Dowd says, “not coping with negative feelings in
a healthy way in the moment can lead to those feelings resurfacing later in different areas of your life or as a form
of anxiety.” ____38____ “If I feel like you’re going to dismiss me, I’m going to stop sharing how I’m feeling,”
Goodman adds.
____39____ If you’re using toxic positivity against yourself, Goodman suggests remembering it’s OK if
you’re upset about something. It’s valid if something annoys you. “Allow ourselves and other people to share when
they’re going through a difficult time,” she says. Dowd adds that it’s essential that “we all learn to cope with and
process our emotions in a healthy way as opposed to avoiding how we feel” as life’s stressors continue to rise. For
example, instead of simply saying “Just think positively,” we’d better say “Sometimes bad things happen. How can
I help?”
A．Are there ways to avoid toxic positivity?
B．Toxic positivity also disrupts connection.
C．It can harm people who are going through difficult times.
D．This can come up in different situations when we are dealing with pressure.E．They become more intense and can cause long-lasting health concerns in the future.
F．Experts say constant forced positivity can lead to the opposite, and have a negative effect.
G．This is what we may bring on to ourselves by not allowing negative thoughts and feelings.
35．F 36．G 37．E 38．B 39．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，短文介绍了“有毒的积极性”的不良影响和应对措施。
35．根据上文“How can positivity be toxic? Isn’t it supposed to be helpful, or “positive”, as the name
suggests?”（积极性怎么会有毒？它不应该像名字所暗示的那样有帮助，或者是“积极的”吗？）可知，选
项承接上文说明专家对此的观点。故F选项“专家表示，持续的强迫积极可能会导致相反的结果，并产生
负面影响。”切题。故选F项。
36．根据上文“Whitney Goodman, the author of Toxic Positivity describes toxic positivity as the “endless
pressure to be happy and positive, no matter what the circumstances are.”（ 《有毒的积极性》一书的作者惠特
尼·古德曼将“有毒的积极性”描述为“无论环境如何，都要保持快乐和积极的无尽压力。）可知，选项承
接上文近一步总结所带来的后果。故G选项“这就是我们不允许消极的想法和感觉给自己带来的后果”切
题。故选G项。
37．根据上文“Toxic positivity causes us to suppress our emotions, which can make them worse.”（有毒的积极
情绪会让我们压抑自己的情绪，这可能会让情绪变得更糟）选项承接上文说明有毒的积极情绪的不良影
响。故E选项“它们变得更加强烈，并可能在未来引起长期的健康问题”切题。故选E项。
38．根据下文““If I feel like you’re going to dismiss me, I’m going to stop sharing how I’m feeling,” Goodman
adds.”（如果我觉得你要不理会我，我就会停止分享我的感受，”古德曼补充道。）可知，有毒的积极情
绪会会破坏人际关系。故B选项“有毒的积极情绪会会破坏人际关系”切题。故选B项。
39．根据下文“If you’re using toxic positivity against yourself, Goodman suggests remembering it’s OK if you’re
upset about something. It’s valid if something annoys you. “Allow ourselves and other people to share when they’re
going through a difficult time,” she says. Dowd adds that it’s essential that “we all learn to cope with and process
our emotions in a healthy way as opposed to avoiding how we feel” as life’s stressors continue to rise.”（古德曼建
议，如果你对自己使用了有毒的积极性，记住如果你对某件事感到不安也没关系。如果有什么事惹恼了
你，那是有效的。她说：“让我们自己和其他人在经历困难的时候分享。” 古德曼补充道，随着生活压
力的不断增加，“我们都必须学会以健康的方式应对和处理自己的情绪，而不是避免自己的感受”）可
知，下文是对上文有办法避免有毒的积极性的回答。故A选项“有没有办法避免有毒的积极情绪？”切
题。故选A项。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，共32分）第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
(2023门头沟区)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Last year, I baked biscuits for complete strangers to say “thank you”. I’d had to call 999 because I found my
husband unconscious on the floor. Within minutes, a police car arrived and soon my husband received medical care
in hospital.
A week later, when I dropped off still-warm biscuits and presented a thank-you note at the police station, the
policemen thanked me for delivering gifts.
I drove away feeling light and happy. Later, I realized that my natural high might have been more than it
seemed.Research has shown that sharing gratitude has positive effects on health. People who express gratitude will
increase their happiness levels, lower their blood pressure and get better sleep.
What about people who receive gratitude?Research has confirmed that when people receive thanks, they
experience positive emotions.“Those are happy surprises,”says Jo-Ann Tsang, a professor of psychology. When
someone is thanked,he’s more likely to return the favor or pass kindness on, and his chances of being helpful again
doubles, probably because he enjoys feeling socially valued.
The give-and-take of gratitude also deepens relationships. Studies show that when your loved ones regularly
express gratitude,making you feel appreciated,you’re more likely to return appreciative feelings, which leads to
more satisfactory in your relationships.
Nowadays,however,many people don’t express gratitude. Our modern lifestyle may be to blame. With
commercial and social media, everything is speeding the younger generation to feel they’re the center of the world.
If it’s all about them, why thank others?
Why not thank others? Just take a look at how many positive effects can saying “thank you”have on personal
.
health—and the well-being of others
If you aren’t particularly grateful, I strongly suggest you learn to be.People who are instructed to keep
gratitude journals,in which they write down positive things that happen to them,cultivate gratitude over time.
40. What health benefits can people gain from expressing gratitude?
_______________________________________________________
41. How do people probably respond when they receive gratitude and feel socially valued?
_______________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why.▷ Saying “thank-you”improves relationships,but nowadays some young people don’t want to do it because
everything is making them feel blamed by the whole society.
_______________________________________________________
43. If possible, who would you like to express gratitude to most? Why? (In about 40 words)
_______________________________________________________
【答案】40. People who express gratitude will increase their happiness levels, lower their blood pressure, and get
better sleep.
41. They are more likely to return the favor or pass kindness on, and their chances of being helpful again double.
42. Saying “thank-you” improves relationships, but nowadays some young people don’t want to do it because
everything is making them feel blamed by the whole society.
Everything is making some people feel they’re the center of the world.
43. I would like to express gratitude to my parents most, because they have always supported me through thick and
thin, and have sacrificed a lot to provide me with the best opportunities in life.
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了感激以及被感激都会对我们的身心带来积极的影响。
40考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“People who express gratitude will increase their happiness levels, lower
their blood pressure and get better sleep.(表达感激之情的人会增加他们的幸福感，降低他们的血压，并获得
更好的睡眠。)”可知，表达感激之情的人会增加幸福感、降低血压并获得更好地睡眠。故答案为 People
who express gratitude will increase their happiness levels, lower their blood pressure, and get better sleep。
41考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“When someone is thanked, he’s more likely to return the favor or pass
kindness on, and his chances of being helpful again doubles, probably because he enjoys feeling socially valued.(当
有人被感谢时，他更有可能回报你的帮助或传递善意，他帮助别人的可能性会增加一倍，可能是因为他喜
欢被社会重视的感觉。)”可知，当一个人被感谢了之后，他极有可能回报别人或传递爱意，而且他们帮助
别人的可能性也会翻倍。故答案为 They are more likely to return the favor or pass kindness on, and their
chances of being helpful again double。
42考查推理判断。根据文章第六段“Nowadays, however, many people don’t express gratitude. Our modern
lifestyle may be to blame. With commercial and social media, everything is speeding the younger generation to feel
they’re the center of the world.(然而，现在很多人不表达感激之情。我们的现代生活方式可能是罪魁祸首。
随着商业和社交媒体的发展，一切都在促使年青一代觉得自己是世界的中心。)”可知，年轻人不愿意表达
感激之情是因为社会的发展让年青一代觉得自己是世界的中心。由此判断 Saying “thank-you” improves
relationships, but nowadays some young people don’t want to do it because everything is making them feel blamedby the whole society.中的“because everything is making them feel blamed by the whole society.”是错误的。故
答案为Saying “thank-you” improves relationships, but nowadays some young people don’t want to do it because
everything is making them feel blamed by the whole society.
Everything is making some people feel they’re the center of the world.
43开放题。要求考生谈谈最想感谢的人以及原因，考生言之有理即可。参考答案为 I would like to express
gratitude to my parents most, because they have always supported me through thick and thin, and have sacrificed a
lot to provide me with the best opportunities in life.
第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分)
（2021·北京·校联考三模）
假设你是红星中学校学生会主席李华。校学生会将为留学生举办一次关于中国传统建筑的讲座，请你根据
以下内容向你校国际部留学生发出口头通知，内容包括：
1.讲座信息（时间、地点、内容等）；
2.注意事项。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Good afternoon, everybody! May I have your attention,please?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
That's all. Thank you for your listening. Wish you all a happy day.
【答案】
Good afternoon, everybody! May I have your attention, please?
Here’s an announcement for all the exchange students.
The Students’ Union is to hold a lecture on Chinese classical architecture for you. It is scheduled for this
Tuesday afternoon, June 15th, in the school auditorium. It will last for two hours from 3:00 to 5:00 pm. As a
popular professor in classical architecture in China, Mr. Zhang will uncover the beauty of different typical ancientarchitecture. He will also guide you to appreciate the marvelous Forbidden City.
Please remember to arrive on time. It would be great if you could prepare a notebook and a pen to take down
some vital points. There will be a Q&A section after the lecture, and you are warmly welcomed to ask any related
questions.
That’s all. Thank you for your listening. Wish you all a happy day.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生向你校国际部留学生发出口头通知，通知内容为校学生会将
为留学生举办一次关于中国传统建筑的讲座。
【详解】1.词汇积累
礼堂：auditorium →assembly hall
欣赏：appreciate →take enjoyment in
非凡的：marvelous →remarkable
写下：take down = write down
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：The Students’ Union is to hold a lecture on Chinese classical architecture for you. It is scheduled for this
Tuesday afternoon, June 15th, in the school auditorium.
拓展句：A lecture on Chinese classical architecture which is to be held by the Students’ Union is scheduled for
this Tuesday afternoon, June 15th, in the school auditorium.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Please remember to arrive on time. (运用了祈使句)
[高分句型2] It would be great if you could prepare a notebook and a pen to take down some vital points. (运用了
if引导的条件状语从句)
