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上海卷 04（含听力）
1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷
上一律不得分。
3. 务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension
2023届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each
conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be
spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on
your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Relatives. B. Colleagues. C. Agent and customer. D. Postman and sender.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Can you take over the post for me here for a while? I have a regular customer coming to see me.
M: Well, I kind of have my hands full.
Q: What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?
2. A. $3. B. $5. C. $9. D. $15.
【答案】D
【原文】M: Excuse me, but I’d like to rent a locker for my backpack. How much is it?
W: We have lockers in two sizes. A1 is a small locker, 3 dollars each hour. A2 is larger, 5 dollars each hour. Hmm…
A2 is more suitable for your backpack.
Q: How much should the man pay if he rents a locker for his backpack for three hours?
3.
A. Her son doesn’t have a blue scarf. B. She’ll help the man look for his scarf.
C. The man didn’t take her son’s scarf. D. She likes the color of the man’s scarf.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Your son was also wearing a blue scarf when he came in, wasn’t he? I think I took his by mistake.
W: No, you didn’t. His is hanging beside the door. I can see it from here.Q: What does the woman mean?
4.
A. His aunt will buy him an e-dictionary. B. His aunt paid too much for the e-dictionary.
C. The woman needn’t buy an e-dictionary. D. He doesn’t know how much an e-dictionary costs.
【答案】D
【原文】W: What do you think would be a reasonable price for an e-dictionary?
M: You’re asking the wrong person. Mine is a gift from my aunt.
Q: What does the man mean?
5.
A. She missed the whole game. B. She is curious about the result of the game.
C. She also left the game early. D. She sat right behind the man during the game.
【答案】C
【原文】M: You know I had to leave the basketball game halfway last night, so I never found out who won.
W: Well, don’t look at me. I was just a few minutes behind you.
Q: What can be learned about the woman?
6.
A. Dustbins for garbage sorting. B. Benefits of recycling rubbish.
C. Charges for colored dustbins. D. Reasons for protecting the environment.
【答案】A
【原文】M: Why don’t we buy some dustbins of different colors so that everyone here can throw their rubbish into
different ones for recycling?
W: Oh, you can just call the department of environmental protection. They’ll be delivered at no charge.
Q: What are the two speakers discussing?
7.
A. The jacket is too big for him. B. It has been too warm to wear the jacket.
C. He doesn’t like cold weather. D. He didn’t buy the jacket until it got cooler.
【答案】B
【原文】W: That’s a nice-looking jacket. It fits you perfectly. Is it something you bought recently?
M: Thanks. I’ve had it for quite a while. I’ve just been waiting for the weather to cool down.
Q: What does the man imply?
8.A. She hates history lessons. B. She thinks Dr. Parker’s tests are easy.
C. Dr. Parker no longer teaches history. D. The man’s source of information is reliable.
【答案】B
【原文】M: We are taking our first test in Dr. Parker’s history class tomorrow. I hear those tests are impossible to
pass.
W: I don’t know whom you’ve been talking to. My experience was just the opposite.
Q: What does the woman imply?
9.
A. Have his desk repaired. B. Ask the bookstore for a refund.
C. Look for the misplaced check. D. Borrow some cash from the woman.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Have you cashed that refund check from the bookstore?
M: Oh! I must have misplaced that in my desk somewhere. But thanks for reminding me. My cash is running low.
I’d better find it soon.
Q: What will the man probably do?
10.
A. He isn’t allowed to tell the student her grade.
B. He doesn’t know how to find the student’s grade.
C. Dr. Wilson hasn’t finished grading the mid-term exam.
D. Dr. Wilson doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Good morning. I don’t know Dr. Wilson’s out of town at a conference, but I’m wondering if you can
check in your computer records and find out how I did on her mid-term exam.
M: I’m sorry, but I’m not authorized to give out that kind of information.
Q: What does the man mean?
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked
several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions
will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and
decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。11.
A. Proper ways of helping the homeless. B. Suitable places for helping the homeless.
C. Various views on helping the homeless. D. Underlying reasons for helping the homeless.
12.
A. The money may be stolen. B. They may get addicted to money.
C. The money may be misused. D. They may buy clothing with the money.
13.
A. Set up an organization. B. Teach homeless people a skill.
C. Save resources in the community. D. Build shelters for the homeless.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B
【原文】It’s hard not to feel sorry for a homeless person you see sitting on the sidewalk, but helping that
individual by dropping a dollar bill into his hand isn’t always the answer. Nearly half of those who are homeless
suffer from addiction issues, which means your money might not go toward food or clothing. There are better ways
to help.
Firstly, you can volunteer for an organization that makes a difference. Suitable places to begin include shelters,
food banks and charity shops. You can also volunteer to help the homeless learn a skill. Many organizations also
seek volunteers to provide legal aid or medical help to the homeless.
Of course, donations play a major role in improving the lives of the homeless. Make a financial donation to an
organization that helps them. If you don’t have the resources to give money, you can drop off food at a food bank or
find clothing and household items that a charity shop can sell to raise funds for the homeless. You can also support
shelters through donations of items such as computers, cell phones and household items.
What’s more, it’s also possible to help the homeless community by organizing an initiative yourself. For
example, you can start a food drive in your neighborhood, or you can assemble kits and distribute them to homeless
people yourself.
Questions:
1. What is the passage mainly about?
2. Why does the speaker not recommend helping homeless people by giving them money directly?
3. What does the speaker suggest you do to help the homeless?
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
14.
A. Sleep is vital to people’s health. B. Chinese people sleep least in the world.C. Chinese people are sleeping less. D. Sleep hours vary in different groups of people.
15.
A. Screen time. B. Attitude to age.
C. Mental disorders. D. Working relationships.
16.
A. The more people earn, the better they sleep.
B Over half of teenagers get less sleep due to study stress.
C. Chinese people’s average sleep quality is also worsening.
D. Office workers’ sleep quality is the worst among all the respondents.
【答案】14. C 15. A 16. C
【原文】The average Chinese person is getting less sleep a day than 10 years ago, with the duration falling from
8.5 hours in 2012 to just over seven hours last year, according to a report released ahead of World Sleep Day.
The report said Chinese people went to bed at around 00:33 last year, more than two hours later than a decade
ago. It also pointed out that people are tending to sleep less and average sleep quality is declining.
The study surveyed more than 6,000 people aged between 18 and 71. More than 60 percent of respondents had
less than eight hours of sleep a day, with new mothers, college students and office workers having more trouble
sleeping. Surfing the internet, long work or study hours, and sleep disorders such as sleeplessness are major factors
affecting sleep hours, according to the report.
The Chinese Sleep Research Society also released a white paper last week that analyzed the sleep conditions
of different groups in China.
It said that more than 60 percent of teenagers use smartphones, play games and watch TV series when they
should be sleeping.
The white paper also looked at sleep patterns among eight income groups. Those with no income slept best,
followed by those on high-middle annual incomes of 300,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan.
Questions:
1. What does the recently-released report mainly reveal?
2. According to the report, which of the following is one of the major factors affecting sleep hours?
3. What can be learned from the report?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
17. What are the two speakers mainly discussing?
A. Studying for an exam. B. A computer game the man is playing.C. Visiting a close friend of theirs. D. A class presentation they’re preparing.
18. Why is the man using the computer when the woman enters?
A. He’s already finished studying. B. He’s taking an online biology test.
C. He’s taking a break from studying. D. He’s searching for some information.
19. How does the man feel when the woman wants to study with him?
A. Excited. B. Surprised. C. Frustrated. D. Embarrassed.
20. Why doesn’t the man want the woman to call Elizabeth right now?
A. He owed her a favor. B. He heard she did poorly on the last test.
C. He’d rather study on his own. D. He hates to bother her late in the evening.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. D
【原文】W: Hi, Kevin. Your roommate told me I could find you here. What are you doing here?
M: What does it look like I’m doing?
W: Oh, are you playing a computer game? But we’ll have a biology mid-term tomorrow, so I thought you’d be
studying for it and maybe I can study with you.
M: Well, I’m just taking a break. This biology stuff gives me a headache if I work on it too long.
W: I know what you mean. I’ve been working on it for three hours already, but I’m still confused about some of the
theories.
M: I couldn’t believe you were coming to me. I mean you know what I got on the last test, don’t you?
W: Yeah, I know. But I just thought two heads might be better than one.
M: Yeah, that’s a nice idea. But I wish I knew the student in Class 2 who got full marks on the last test. Umm…was
it Elizabeth?
W: Yes! She’s a friend of mine. She can be a big help and I’m calling her right now.
M: What? At this hour? It’s already 10:30. I don’t want to impose on her.
W: I guess you are right, but you know what, she owes me a big favor. Let’s at least give her a call and see what she
says. Maybe going over some of the problems with us would help her review the material.
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a
given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with
one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.
2023届上海市黄浦区高三下学期二模The cost of complexity in supply chains
Adam Smith, the father of modern capitalism, famously thought that fair markets required a common moral
framework between buyer and seller. That’s no surprise, considering that his ideas came out of the 18th-century
marketplace, in ___21___ producers and consumers were likely to be neighbours. Advances in technology,
transport and communications have taken us a long way since then, ___22___ (create) complex global supply
chains. These ___23___ (reduce) consumer prices but introduced risks of their own, from labour exploitation and
environmental degradation.
One of the costs of these supply chains has been the rise of powerful corporate middlemen between home
buyers and sellers. These middlemen, including Big Tech platforms like Amazon, make it possible for us to buy
goods made ___24___ the other side of the world, but this connective power is threatening accountability by
creating so much separation between buyers and sellers ___25___ it’s impossible to match up with the real cost of
convenience and low prices.
There are plenty of examples ___26___ (support) the case, from textiles made with child labour, to the
unequal rents taken by middlemen in financial services or platform technology. In the latter, lack of information
equality makes it difficult for market participants to have a(n) ___27___ (share) understanding of what is being
bought and sold.
The two big questions are how to create system change and ___28___ will bear the cost of it. There are no
simple answers to ___29___ of the questions, though technology offers new possibilities to connect buyers and
sellers. Direct-to-consumer retailers and 3D printing, which ___30___(allow) for shorter supply chains, are both
examples of this, though neither currently provides anywhere near the scale to replace current systems of finance or
manufacturing.
【答案】21. which 22. creating 23. have reduced 24. on 25. that 26. to support
27. shared 28. who 29. either 30. allow
【解析】本文为一篇议论文。人类得益于技术、运输和通信的进步，创造出了复杂的全球供应链，从而降
低了消费价格，但也带来了跟多问题，如劳动力剥削和环境退化，新式的供应链分离了买卖双方，导致信
息不平等，要进行系统变革，谁来为此买单，暂时没有简单的答案 。
21考查非限制性定语从句的关系代词。句意：这并不奇怪，因为他的想法来自18世纪的市场，在这个市
场中，生产者和消费者很可能是邻居。设空处考查非限制性定语从句的关系代词，先行词为marketplace，
在从句中作地点状语，in后用关系代词which，引导从句。故填which。
22考查非谓语动词。句意：从那时起，技术、运输和通信的进步带我们走了很长的路，创造了复杂的全球供应链。设空处为结果状语，应用现在分词creating，意为“创造，创建”，故填creating。
23考查时态。句意：这些措施降低了消费价格，但也带来了自身的风险，包括劳动力剥削和环境恶化。根
据前一句的时态，此处也用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响，主语为These，助动词用have。
故填have reduced。
24考查介词。句意：这些中间商，包括亚马逊这样的大型科技平台，让我们有可能购买到世界另一端制造
的商品，但这种联系的力量正在威胁着问责制，因为它在买家和卖家之间制造了如此多的分离，以至于不
可能与便利和低价的实际成本相匹配。此处考查介词短语on the other side of，意为“在……的另一边”，
作地点状语；设空处应用介词on。故填on。
25考查连接词。句意：这些中间商，包括亚马逊这样的大型科技平台，让我们有可能购买到世界另一端制
造的商品，但这种联系的力量正在威胁着问责制，因为它在买家和卖家之间制造了如此多的分离，以至于
不可能与便利和低价的实际成本相匹配。此处考查so...that...，that引导结果状语从句。设空处应用that。
故填that。
26考查非谓语动词。句意：有很多例子可以支持这一观点，从童工制造的纺织品，到金融服务或平台技术
中中间商收取的不平等租金。设空处为动词不定式，作examples 的后置定语。故填to support。
27考查形容词。句意：在后者中，缺乏信息平等使得市场参与者很难对正在买卖的东西有一个共同的理
解。设空处修饰名词understanding，应用形容词shared，意为“分享的，共有的”，为前置定语。故填
shared。
28考查表语从句的引导词。句意：两大问题是如何进行制度改革，以及谁将承担改革的成本。设空处引导
表语从句，缺主语，为人，故用who引导从句。故填who。
29考查代词。句意：这两个问题都没有简单的答案，但技术为连接买家和卖家提供了新的可能性。根据句
意，设空处应用代词either，作to的宾语，指两者中的任何一个。故填either。
30考查动词时态。句意：直接面向消费者的零售商和3D打印，使得供应链更短，都是这方面的例子，尽
管目前这两种技术的规模都不足以取代当前的金融或制造系统。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事
实，用一般现在时，主语which指代先行Direct-to-consumer retailers and 3D printing，因此which是复数意
义，谓语动词用原形。故填allow。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
2023届上海市青浦区高三下学期二模
A. heading B. incredibly C. adaptable D. alternative E. pursuit F. dumpedG. recycled H. global I. calculated J. precisely K. generated
Planet Plastic
Here’s a shocking statistic. Scientists have calculated the total amount of plastic ever made: 8.3 billion tonnes.
Looked at another way, that’s as heavy as 25,000 Empire State Buildings or one billion elephants. And ___31___,
almost all of it has been made in the last 65 years.
So what’s the problem? Much plastic is in the form of packaging which is used just once and then thrown
away. According to a major new study from the University of California, 9% of this is ___32___, 12% is burned
and 79% goes to landfill. And because most plastic doesn’t biodegrade (生物降解), once it’s in the ground, it
stays there.
It’s a situation that has led the paper’s lead author, ecologist Dr. Roland Geyer, to say that we are “rapidly
___33___ towards ‘Planet Plastic’”. He believes that there’s already enough waste out there to cover the whole of
Argentina.
The team behind this report also estimate that eight million tonnes of plastic waste are ___34___ into the sea
every year. This has ___35___ concern that plastic is entering the food chain through fish and other sea life which
consume the smaller pieces.
Of course, the reason why there’s so much plastic around is that it’s an amazingly useful material. We can’t get
enough of it. It’s durable and ___36___, and is used for everything from yoghurt pots to spaceships. But
it’s___37___ this quality that makes it a problem. The only way to destroy plastic is to heat or burn it — although
this has the side effect of harmful emissions.
So what’s the ___38___ other than using less plastic? Oceanographer (海洋学家) Dr. Erik van Sebille from
Utrecht University says we’re facing a flood of plastic waste, and that the ___39___ waste industry needs to “get its
act together”.
Professor Richard Thompson, a marine biologist from Plymouth University, says it’s poor design that is at
fault. He says that if products are currently designed “with recyclability in mind”, they could be recycled around 20
times over.
Dr. Geyer agrees: “The ____40____ of recycling is to keep material in use and in the cycle forever if you can.
But it turns out in our study that actually 90% of that material that did get recycled — which I think we calculated
was 600 million tonnes — only got recycled once.”
【答案】31. B 32. G 33. A 34. F 35. K 36. C 37. J 38. D 39. H 40. E
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了在过去的几十年里，我们赖以生存的地球已经成为了一个塑料星球，作者也呼吁大家要保护地球，少用塑料和尽量多回收利用塑料产品。
31考查副词。句意：令人难以置信的是，几乎所有这些都是在过去65年里制造出来的。分析句子成分，
去掉空处并不影响句子，故空处需要填一个副词；结合上下文，83亿吨的塑料垃圾竟然是在65年内制造
出来的，这个结果是令人难以置信的，故需要填incredibly。故选B项。
32考查形容词/动词。句意：根据加州大学的一项重要的新研究，其中9%被回收，12%被焚烧，79%被填
埋。空前有be动词is，故空处需要填形容词作表语或动词的过去分词形式构成被动语态。结合句意，可填
recycled表示“回收利用的”为形容词，也可以理解为过去分词形式，和is构成一般现在时的被动，表
“被回收”，符合题干和句意。故选G项。
33考查动词。句意：这一情况使得该论文的主要作者、生态学家罗兰·盖耶博士说，我们正在“迅速走
向‘塑料星球’”。此次表示“走向”，为动词短语head towards，空前有be动词are，结合句意需要表示
“正在”，故动词应用doing的形式表进行，故需要用heading。故选A项。
34考查动词。句意：撰写这份报告的团队还估计，每年有800万吨塑料垃圾被倒入大海。空前有be动词
are，故空处需要填形容词作表语或动词的过去分词形式构成被动语态。结合句意，可填过去分词形式
dumped与are构成一般现在时的被动，表示“被倒入”，符合句意。故选F项。
35考查动词。句意：这引起了人们的担忧，即塑料正在通过鱼类和其他海洋生物进入食物链，这些生物会
消耗塑料碎片。空前有助动词has，结合句意可知，此处需要填过去分词的形式构成现在完成时，表达
“已经”的含义。generated意为“引发；引起”，符合句意。故选K项。
36考查形容词。句意：它耐用，适应性强，从酸奶罐到宇宙飞船都可以使用。根据上下文可知，塑料的适
应性非常强，小到酸奶罐，大到宇宙飞船都能用，表示“适应性强的”可用形容词adaptable。故选C项。
37考查副词。句意：但正是这一特性使它成为一个问题。分析句子成分，去掉空处并不影响句子，故空处
需要填一个副词；上文提到塑料的优点，下文提到塑料的优点带来的缺点，故空处应填precisely表示强调
“正是”。故选J项。
38考查名词。句意：那么，除了少用塑料，还有什么别的选择呢？空前有定冠词the，故空处需要填名
词。后文给出了除了少用塑料之外的办法，故空处应填alternative表示“另外的选择”，由前面的is可
知，应用单数。故选D项。
39考查形容词。句意：乌得勒支大学的海洋学家Erik van Sebille博士表示，我们正面临着大量的塑料垃
圾，全球垃圾处理行业需要“共同行动起来”。分析句子成分，空处需要填形容词作定语修饰waste“垃
圾”，global意为“全球的”，符合题干，强调塑料问题是一个全球的垃圾，也是全球的问题。故选H
项。
40考查名词。句意：盖耶博士对此表示赞同：“对回收利用的追求是尽可能让材料永远处于使用和循环之中。由空前的定冠词The和空后的介词of可知，空出需要填一个名词。固定短语the pursuit of表示“追
求……”，符合句意。故选E项。
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.
Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模
What will you do when you are hungry? Of course, anyone would go and grab something to eat. And then,
what determines the ___41___ of food you take in? You may not be right if your answer is the degree of hunger.
The conventional concept that ____42____ is the key factor is open to challenge. In recent years, a growing body
of research has shown that our appetite and food intake (摄入) are influenced by a large number of factors besides
our ____43____ need for energy. Some of the factors include our eating ____44____ and our perception of the food
in front of us.
Studies have shown that ____45____ eating, for instance, eating while watching TV, or a similar distraction,
can increase both hunger and food consumption. Even simple ____46____ clues, like plate size and lighting, have
been shown to affect consumption.
A new study suggested that our short-term ____47____ also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a
meal, people’s hunger levels were predicted not by how much they’d eaten but rather by how much food they’d
seen in front of them — ____48____ , how much they remembered eating.
This difference suggests that the recall of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our ___49___
than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the
University of Bristol.
These findings agree with the earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes
______50______ our body’s response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same
380-calorie milkshake on two ______51______ occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones
(荷尔蒙), depending on whether the shake’s ______52______ said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover,
the participants reported feeling ______53______ when they thought they’d consumed a higher-calories shake.
What does this mean to our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to cheat ourselves into eating
less, the new findings do highlight the benifit of focusing on our food, avoiding TV and multitasking while eating.
The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight against ______54______ while we are eating. By______55______ mindful eating techniques, you have the opportunity to change your current eating habits by
becoming more self-aware and in tune to your body’s hunger cues.
41. A. quality B. amount C. nutrient D. variety
42. A. deliciousness B. hunger C. nutrition D. flavor
43. A. occasional B. potential C. external D. biological
44. A. environment B. content C. time D. ability
45. A. habitual B. purposeful C. unfocused D. absorbed
46. A. optional B. visual C. hidden D. flexible
47. A. vacancy B. hunger C. supply D. memory
48. A. in other words B. as a whole C. by all means D. all in all
49. A. motive B. growth C. appetite D. health
50. A. advocate B. trick C. justify D. enhance
51. A. identical B. alternative C. dependent D. separate
52. A. label B. function C. usage D. material
53. A. wiser B. healthier C. happier D. fuller
54. A. distress B. waste C. distraction D. fullness
55. A. employing B. perceiving C. clarifying D. assuming
【答案】41. B 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. B 51. D
52. A 53. D 54. C 55. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了影响食物摄入量的因素以及饮食策略。
41考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，是什么决定了你摄入的食物量？A. quality质量；B. amount数量；C.
nutrient营养物质；D. variety类别。根据第3空所在的“In recent years, a growing body of research has shown
that our appetite and food intake (摄入) are influenced by a large number of factors besides our 4 3
need for energy. ”可知，此处讨论的是事物的摄入量，故选B项。
42考查名词词义辨析。句意：饥饿是关键因素的传统观念是可以挑战的。A. deliciousness美味；B. hunger
饥饿；C. nutrition营养；D. flavor味道。根据前文的“You may not be right if your answer is the degree of
hunger.”(如果你的答案是饥饿的程度，那么你可能是不对的)可知，传统的观念认为饥饿是影响食物摄入量
的关键因素，故选B项。
43考查形容词词义辨析。句意：近年来，越来越多的研究表明，我们的食欲和食物摄入量除了我们对能量
的生理需求外，还受到许多因素的影响。A. occasional偶然的；B. potential潜在的；C. external外部的；D.biological生理的。此处的需求指的是饥饿，这是人的一种生理需求，故选D项。
44考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一些因素包括我们的饮食环境和我们对面前食物的感知。A.
environment环境；B. content内容；C. time时间；D. ability能力。根据第5空的“Studies have shown that
5 eating, for instance, eating while watching TV, or a similar distraction, can increase both hunger and food
consumption.”( 研究表明，饮食，例如，边看电视边吃，或类似的分心行为，会增加饥饿感和食物消耗。)
可知，此处指的是饮食环境会影响食物摄入量，故选A项。
45考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，不集中注意力的饮食，例如，边看电视边吃，或类似的分心行
为，会增加饥饿感和食物消耗。A. habitual习惯的；B. purposeful故意的；C. unfocused心不在焉的；D.
absorbed全神贯注的。根据“eating while watching TV”可知，此处指的是不集中注意力地吃饭，故选C
项。
46考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使是简单的视觉线索，如盘子大小和照明，也被证明会影响消费。A.
optional选择的；B. visual视觉的；C. hidden隐藏的；D. flexible灵活的。根据“like plate size and lighting”
可知，这些指的是视觉影响，故选B项。
47考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项新的研究表明，我们的短期记忆也可能在食欲中发挥作用。A. vacancy
空缺；B. hunger饥饿；C. supply供给；D. memory记忆。根据第8空的“how much they remembered eating”
可知，此处指的是短期记忆的影响，故选D项。
48考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：饭后几个小时，人们的饥饿程度不是通过他们吃了多少来预测的，而是
通过他们已经看到面前有多少食物来预测的——换句话说，就是他们记得吃了多少。A. in other words换句
话说；B. as a whole作为整体；C. by all means千方百计；D. all in all总而言之。根据句意可知，后半句是
对前句的解释说明，“换句话说”，故选A项。
49考查名词词义辨析。句意：布里斯托尔大学实验心理学教授杰弗里·M·布伦斯特罗姆说，这种差异表
明，记起上一顿饭对我们的食欲的影响可能比实际饭量更大。A. motive动机；B. growth成长；C. appetite
胃口；D. health健康。本文主要谈论对饭量，即胃口的影响因素，故选C项。
50考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些发现与早期的研究一致，早期的研究表明，我们对食物的感知有时会欺
骗我们身体对食物本身的反应。A. advocate倡议；B. trick欺骗；C. justify为……辩解、说明；D. enhance
巩固。根据后文的“people who drank the same 380-calorie milkshake on two occasions produced different
levels of hunger-related hormones ”可知，此处指的是我们对事物的感知带来的欺骗性，故选B项。
51考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，在2011年的一项研究中，在两个不同的场合喝同一杯380卡路里
的奶昔的人产生了不同水平的饥饿相关激素, 这取决于奶昔的标签上说它含有620卡路里还是140卡路
里。A. identical同样的；B. alternative可供选择的；C. dependent依赖的；D. separate分隔的。根据语境可知，这是一个对比实验，在不同的场合喝同样的食物，符合实验逻辑，故选D项。
52考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. label标签；B. function功能；C. usage用途；D. material材料。根据
常识可知，食物的卡路里数量一般标记在标签上，故选A项。
53考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，参与者报告说，当他们认为自己摄入了更高热量的奶昔时，会感到
更饱。A. wiser更明智的；B. healthier更健康的；C. happier更开心的；D. fuller更饱的。根据前文提到欺骗
性可知，当参与者认为自己吃了更高热量的食物时，会觉得更饱，这正是欺骗性的一种体现，故选D项。
54考查名词词义辨析。句意：所谓的正念饮食策略可以在我们吃饭时对抗分心。A. distress忧虑、悲伤；
B. waste废物；C. distraction分散注意力；D. fullness饱。根据前文提到的不集中注意力的饮食会增加饮食
消耗可知，我们需要对抗这种饮食中的分心来控制食物摄入量，故选C项。
55考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过使用注意饮食的技巧，你有机会通过变得更加自我意识和适应身体的饥
饿提示来改变你目前的饮食习惯。A. employing雇佣，运用；B. perceiving感知；C. clarifying澄清；D.
assuming假定。根据“mindful eating techniques”可知，此处指的是采用正念饮食策略，故选A项。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best
according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
2023届上海市长宁区高三下学期二模
If you search the internet these days, you’ll likely run across some strange-looking, yet cheerful cartoon
characters. These computer-created people have small heads and overdone bodies. They’re created in daring color
with arms and legs that look like giant wet noodles. The happy figures are often moving or doing something
creative.
In 2017 Facebook paid a design team to develop a positive illustration system. One of the designers took that
,
message to heart. She worked to show human connection motion, energy and joy in her drawings. She “wanted to
picture that sense of joy people feel when they’re sharing things together....” The name which was given to the new
art form when it was completed was very appropriate. They named it Alegria, which means joy in Spanish. Before
long Alegria became the go-to style for many technology and media businesses. Corporations such as Google,
Airbnb and YouTube began using Alegria or art with Alegria-type similarities. Today you can find Alegria art
across the internet, in print, on magazine covers and more.
Why did Alegria art become popular so quickly? There are many reasons. As websites depended onillustrations to fill space, Alegria-type art became increasingly useful. The style is flat, simple and easy to create.
By comparison, more detailed art designs require extra time, skill and money to produce. Businesses also love the
fact that Alegria’s characters celebrate diversity by featuring international cultural events. The illustrations convey
good feelings. Those feelings help people believe they can trust the companies that feature them on their pages.
For some consumers, though, that’s a problem. These people think some companies have simply papered over
their problems with positive images. They’ve failed to address their wrongdoings or make lasting changes. For
many, however, Alegria is a nice visual language that represents happiness. From children hugging to couples
dancing, the images are all about positive energy. All in all, it seems that Alegria is the perfect name of this playful,
fun art style.
56. Which of the following features makes Alegria art style so well received quickly?
A. Its cheerful room-filling images.
B. Its trustworthy figures.
C. Its role as cultural representatives.
D. Its eye-catching details.
57. We can learn from the passage that ______.
A. Alegria images may help hide faults
B. positive images convey funny messages
C. illustrations can be audio in some way
D. small-sized cartoon characters enjoy popularity
58. Alegria is thought as the perfect name for the art style because of its ______.
A. system and creativity B. technology and impact
C. popularity and profit D. meaning and function
【答案】56. A 57. A 58. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了Alegria艺术风格作品。
56推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“If you search the internet these days, you’ll likely run across some strange-
looking, yet cheerful cartoon characters. (如果你这些天在网上搜索，你很可能会遇到一些长相奇怪但又很快
乐的卡通人物)”可知，该艺术风格的作品拥有快乐的卡通人物形象；根据第三段前三句“Why did Alegria
art become popular so quickly? There are many reasons. As websites depended on illustrations to fill space,
Alegria-type art became increasingly useful. (为什么Alegria艺术如此迅速地流行起来？原因有很多。随着网
站依赖插图来填补空间，阿莱格里亚类型的艺术变得越来越有用)”可知，该艺术风格的作品在填补空间方
面很起作用，这是它流行起来的原因。基于以上内容可推断出该艺术风格被迅速接受的原因是它的作品形象很快乐，又能有效填补空间。故选A项。
57推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“These people think some companies have simply papered over their
problems with positive images. (这些人认为一些公司只是用正面形象掩盖了他们的问题)”可知，该艺术风格
的形象可能能帮助掩盖问题，即掩盖错误。故选A项。
58细节理解题。根据第二段第六句“They named it Alegria, which means joy in Spanish. (他们将它命名为
Alegria，在西班牙语中意思是开心)”和最后一段后三句“For many, however, Alegria is a nice visual language
that represents happiness. From children hugging to couples dancing, the images are all about positive energy. All
in all, it seems that Alegria is the perfect name of this playful, fun art style. (然而，对许多人来说，阿莱格里亚
语是一种很好的视觉语言，代表着幸福。从孩子们拥抱到情侣们跳舞，这些画面都是关于正能量的。总而
言之，Alegria似乎是这种有趣好玩的艺术风格的完美名字)”可知，这个名字所呈现的含义和这种艺术风格
的形象具有的功能是一致的。故选D项。
(B)
2023届上海市青浦区高三下学期二模
Do you want to open a shop in London? First: you must be aware that, as of today, running a local independent
shop is anything but simple. Second: you must know which is the most responsive area of the city for what
concerns your specific business. Or as an alternative, you must gain full knowledge of which areas have proved to
be super high-paying basically for any kind of business.
As for London, everybody knows that it is one of the world capitals of trading and commerce. The enormous
number of residents, combined with the continuous inflow of tourists, makes it a highly wanted city for every kind
of commercial activity.
Clearly, everyone — whether he/she is a British citizen or a foreigner investor — who wants to start a business
in London must detect first the most profitable areas. And the four most appealing ones are listed below.
Covent Garden
Opening a commercial space in Covent Garden, or in the West End in general, is always a winning idea. This
area represents the perfect balance between luxury and sustainability. A band of musicians that never cease to
attract both clients and new investors.
Carnaby
For over sixty years, Carnaby Street and the other surrounding secondary roads have represented an authentic
oasis or paradise for those who want to go shopping in London. First, the Swinging London vibe, then the punk
rock revolution: everything — especially in terms of fashion — has been created or passed through there. And evenin the Third Millennium, it remains a landmark for everything related to fashion and new trends.
Mayfair
Are you planning to open a luxury shop? Then Mayfair is undoubtedly your spot. Renting a place here is
highly expensive, but it’s a risk worth taking. If you play your cards wisely, profits will not be long in coming. The
only question is: have you got enough funds to start a business in such an expensive area?
Bond Street
Another luxury area with a gathering of many established high-end brands, maybe the most complicated one.
It is recommended only to those investors who aim to start a real first-rate business. Many small entrepreneurs or
businessmen work a lifetime in order to gain the privilege or the great advantage of upgrading their business in this
area.
59. This article is intended for ______.
A. British citizens who want to buy luxury goods
B. visitors looking for recreational activities in Britain
C. investors interested in starting a business in London
D. foreigners participating in commercial activities in London
60. According to the article, if you are planning to do business in London, which factor is worth considering the
most?
A. London appeals to high-paying investors from all over the world.
B. London is the most promising center for trading, commerce and fashion.
C. London is where many landmark buildings and every kind of business lies.
D. London boasts ongoing floods of tourists and enormous potential consumers.
61. If you get enough funds and fancy opening a luxury shop, which is the last area to choose?
A. Bond Street. B. Carnaby.
C. Mayfair. D. Convent Garden.
【答案】59. C 60. D 61. B
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦四个最适合投资者投资的地方。
59推理判断题。根据第三自然段“Clearly, everyone — whether he/she is a British citizen or a foreigner investor
— who wants to start a business in London must detect first the most profitable areas. And the four most appealing
ones are listed below. (显然，每个想在伦敦创业的人，无论是英国公民还是外国投资者，都必须首先发现最
有利可图的领域。下面列出了四个最吸引人的)”可推知，本文是的受众群体是有兴趣在伦敦创业的投资
者。故选C。60推理判断题。根据第二自然段“The enormous number of residents, combined with the continuous inflow of
tourists, makes it a highly wanted city for every kind of commercial activity. (庞大的居民数量，加上不断涌入的
游客，使其成为各种商业活动的热门城市)”可推知，如果投资者计划在伦敦做生意，最值得考虑的因素是
伦敦有不断涌入的游客和巨大的潜在消费者。故选D。
61 细节理解题。根据 Covent Garden 部分“This area represents the perfect balance between luxury and
sustainability. (这个区域代表了奢华与可持续发展之间的完美平衡)”、 Mayfair部分“Are you planning to
open a luxury shop? Then Mayfair is undoubtedly your spot. (你打算开一家奢侈品店吗？那么梅菲尔无疑是你
的位置)”以及 Bond Street 部分“Another luxury area with a gathering of many established high-end brands,
maybe the most complicated one. (另一个豪华区，聚集了许多知名高端品牌，可能是最复杂的一个)”可知，
Covent Garden、Mayfair和Bond Street适合开奢侈品店。故用排除法，如果你有足够的资金，想要开一家
奢侈品店，最不应该选择Carnaby。故选B。
C
2023届上海市浦东新区高三下学期二模
Plugs across America
The United States has around 150,000 fuel stations to re till fossil-fuel-burning vehicles. Despite the rapid
growth of all-electric vehicle in America — 400,000 of them were sold in 2021, up from barely la, 000 in 2012 —
the country has only 6,000 fast electric charging stations, the kind that can rapidly charge a battery-powered car.
A glance at America’s charging map reveals a lot of charging deserts. This makes sense, as EVs (electric
vehicle) still represent less than 3% of new car sales. Large cities have a growing number of fast charges, but not
nearly enough to accommodate so many EVs. Away from cities, these charters are along interstate highways closely
enough to allow electric cars safe passage. Otherwise, they are nearly nonexistent in rural America. And EV
stations have a problem that gas stations don’t: “Even the fastest Tesla supercharger is still going to take 15 minutes
to put a couple hundred miles on the vehicle,” says Jeremy Michalek, a professor at Carnegie Mellon University.
Michalek says American charging facilities fall far behind what’ needed for the whole country to transition to
electric driving. On the bright side, there is time to catch up, because not all Americans will embrace at once. Most
early adopters were those with access to a charge at home in their garage or parking space. Those owners can wake
up with a full battery and only need to rely on public charters when they leave town on an extended trip. But as the
country gets to higher levels of EV adoption, the current facilities won’t be enough. That is why Michalek says the
US needs to prioritize increasing the number of charges at rest stops along well-traveled highways, especially as
more people use electric cars for summer-time road trips.“As we act to higher levels of EV adoption, if we don’t have enough chargers for peak demand, the wait times
are going to be unlike what we see with gas stations,” he says.
Charging dead bones will be larger as more Americans consider an EV. Renters who do not have the option to
install a home charges will be hesitant to go fully electric until they can feel confident a public plug will be there
when they need it. And as more households drive only electric vehicles, it will be crucial that people can get to all
the places they want to go.
In the best case, Michalek envisions public-private cooperation to build a national charging network. The US
government has promised to install plugs throughout rural areas, while companies constructing charging stations
across America will have a strong motivation to fill in the country’s biggest cities. After all, companies like
Electrify America, EV go, and Charge Point charge customers of energy they use.
62. It can be learned from the 2nd paragraph that ______.
A. there is a shortage of charging stations in the rural areas of America
B. it takes about 15 minutes for an average charge to charge a battery-powered car
C. more electric vehicles are sold than fossil-fuel burning cars in large cities in America
D. there are enough charges in America considering the limited sales of new electric vehicles
63. Which of the following statements would Michalek most probably agree with ?
A. Companies setting up charging stations are hesitant to go electric.
B. Those who already have a home charge don’t have to find a public plug.
C Top priority needs to be given to adding more charging stations across the country.
D. There is enough time to establish a charging network, because not many EVs are uscd.
64. What can be inferred about the renters ?
A. Some renters don’t have the intention to go electric.
B. Some renters might not be authorized to install a home charge.
C. As more renters are unwilling to use public plugs, the charging dead bones are growing.
D. Some renters might not have enough confidence in the public plugs for the safety reasons.
65. Who does Michalek expect to work together to establish the charging network nationwide?
A. The government and some companies.
B. The local government and every household.
C. The charging facility providers and every family.
D. The federal government and the local rural government.
【答案】62. A 63. C 64. B 65. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了尽管全电动汽车在美国增长迅速——从2012年的不到1000辆
增长到2021年的40万辆——但美国只有6000个快速充电站，这种快速充电站可以为电池驱动的汽车快速
充电。文章主要介绍了美国充电站不足的现状以及解决建议。
62细节理解题。根据第二段“Otherwise, they are nearly nonexistent in rural America.(除此之外，它们在美国
农村几乎不存在)”可知，美国农村地区充电站不足。故选A。
63细节理解题。根据第三段“That is why Michalek says the US needs to prioritize increasing the number of
charges at rest stops along well-traveled highways, especially as more people use electric cars for summer-time
road trips.(这就是为什么Michalek说，美国需要优先增加交通繁忙的高速公路上休息站的充电数量，尤其
是越来越多的人在夏季使用电动汽车进行公路旅行)”可知，Michalek会认同当务之急是在全国范围内增加
更多的充电站。故选C。
64推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Renters who do not have the option to install a home charges will be hesitant
to go fully electric until they can feel confident a public plug will be there when they need it.(没有选择安装家庭
充电器的租户会犹豫是否要完全电动，直到他们确信在他们需要的时候会有一个公共插头)”可推知，一些
租客可能没有被授权安装家庭充电站。故选B。
65细节理解题。根据最后一段“In the best case, Michalek envisions public-private cooperation to build a
national charging network. The US government has promised to install plugs throughout rural areas, while
companies constructing charging stations across America will have a strong motivation to fill in the country’s
biggest cities. After all, companies like Electrify America, EV go, and Charge Point charge customers of energy
they use.(在最好的情况下，Michalek设想公私合作建立一个全国性的充电网络。美国政府已承诺在整个农
村地区安装充电插头，而在美国各地建设充电站的公司将有强大的动力在该国最大的城市充电。毕竟，像
Electrify America, EV go和Charge Point这样的公司会向客户收取他们使用能源的费用)”可知，Michalek希
望与政府和一些公司合作建立全国范围内的充电网络。故选A。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each
sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
2023届上海市长宁区高三下学期二模
Greening the blue
Is there a “natural” way to enhance the potential of the oceans to lock away climate-warming CO ? Planting
2
more trees on land can help draw down more CO from the atmosphere—the basis of many plans for carbon credits
2
that companies buy to offset their emissions (抵消其排放). _____66_____ Seaweed forests and saltmarshes (盐碱滩) are common examples.
Some regard the potential for this “blue carbon” as huge, although as yet there is no mechanism for integrating
it into carbon offsetting plans. John Virdin of Duke University in North Carolina says, “_____67_____” He adds,
“You have to go out and measure all the carbon that’s there, you have to show that it’s not going to be lost, you
have to keep monitoring it.” Virdin and others have proposed extending an existing land-based plan called REDD +
(reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation) to the ocean, but that is an idea whose ship has yet
to sail.
_____68_____ In March, the UK government’s climate adviser, the Climate Change Committee, found that
restoring and creating seagrass and saltmarsh ecosystems in the country would only lock away a small amount of
CO, removing “well below” 1 million tonnes a year. Nonetheless, these are efficient carbon stores according to the
2
committee. _____69_____
A. Using the oceans as a solution to climate change is hardly a new idea.
B. There is still some doubt about how big the marine offsetting effect might be.
C. It’s really hard to turn blue carbon conservation and restoration into carbon credits that you can sell.
D. Something similar might work in the oceans, by stimulating the growth of marine and coastal ecosystems.
E. And conserving them is important given how much fishing and other activities have degraded them.
F. The big objection to all these plans is the possibility of negative environmental side effects.
【答案】66. D 67. C 68. B 69. E
【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一些自然的锁住二氧化碳的方法。
66 上文“Planting more trees on land can help draw down more CO from the atmosphere—the basis of many
2
plans for carbon credits that companies buy to offset their emissions (抵消其排放). (在土地上种植更多的树木有
助于从大气中吸收更多的二氧化碳，这是许多公司购买碳信用额度以抵消其排放的计划的基础)”指出，种
植更多树木对吸收二氧化碳有好处。下文“Seaweed forests and saltmarshes (盐碱滩) are common examples.
(海藻林和盐碱滩就是常见的例子)”提出了种植树木外的措施例子，故可推测上文提出了另一种措施。选项
D“Something similar might work in the oceans, by stimulating the growth of marine and coastal ecosystems. (类似
的东西可能通过刺激海洋和沿海生态系统的生长而在海洋中发挥作用)”指出，过刺激海洋和沿海生态系统
的生长也能起到类似的作用，是对上文的延续，其下文又是对此的举例说明，符合语境。故选D项。
67下文“He adds, “You have to go out and measure all the carbon that’s there, you have to show that it’s not going
to be lost, you have to keep monitoring it.”(他补充道，“你必须出去测量所有的碳，你必须证明它不会丢
失，你必须继续监测它。”)”指出测量碳与蓝碳保护相关的工作必须完成多项任务，很难。选项 C“It’sreally hard to turn blue carbon conservation and restoration into carbon credits that you can sell. (很难将蓝碳保护
和恢复转化为可以出售的碳信用)”与下文联系密切，符合语境。故选C项。
68 下文“In March, the UK government’s climate adviser, the Climate Change Committee, found that restoring
and creating seagrass and saltmarsh ecosystems in the country would only lock away a small amount of CO ,
2
removing “well below” 1 million tonnes a year. (今年3月，英国政府的气候顾问气候变化委员会发现，在该
国恢复和创建海草和盐碱滩生态系统只会锁住少量二氧化碳，每年去除量“远低于”100万吨。)”指出，
恢复和创建海草和盐碱滩生态系统起到的效果有限，似乎并不理想。选项B“There is still some doubt about
how big the marine offsetting effect might be. (对于海洋抵消效应可能有多大，仍有一些疑问)”对该效果也提
出质疑，而质疑的原因就是下文所呈现出的锁住的二氧化碳量有限，不理想，故该选项能引出下文，符合
语境。故选B项。
69上文“Nonetheless, these are efficient carbon stores according to the committee. (尽管如此，根据委员会的说
法，这些都是有效的碳储备)”总结了本文一些有效的碳储备。选项E“And conserving them is important given
how much fishing and other activities have degraded them. (考虑到捕鱼和其他活动使它们退化的程度，保护它
们很重要)”指出保护这些碳之所以重要是因为退化严重，符合语境。故选E项。
Ⅳ. Summary Writing
70.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
2023届上海市浦东新区高三下学期二模
A plan to restore green spaces
The UK government has revealed a plan to protect and restore England’s wild life. It focuses on at-risk species
by making canals, rivers and streams cleaner and expanding green spaces.
The new Environmental Improvement Plan sets goals to create or restore more than 5,000 square kilometres of
wildlife habitats across England and restore 400 miles of rivers. It will create or expand 25 national nature reserves.
New woodland will also be planted alongside rivers. At the moment, access to green spaces is not equal across the
UK. Around 4% of people live more than 10 minutes away from their nearest park. The Environmental
Improvement Plan aims to make sure households in England are within a 15-minute walk to a green space.
As well as helping more people to act close to nature, the plan should increase England’s biodiversity. A
species Survival Fund will be set up to help some of England’s most endangered animals, such as red squirrels (松
鼠) and watch rats. The Government has set targets to boost these species by 2030. There are also targets to reduce
food waste, glass, metal, paper and plastic by 2028, and to improve the quality of water in rivers.New rules mean that the Government will have to consider the environmental effects of any policy it puts
forward. These goals are part of a 25- year plan that was launched in 2018. The aim of the plan is to improve the
environment “within a generation ” which is roughly 25 years.
Although lots of people have welcomed the plan, not everyone is impressed. Pail de Zylva, from the charity
Friends of the Earth, said it wasn’t clear enough how the goals would be met and that many of them were like
promises the Government had already made but not yet delivered.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】British government plans to preserve the endangered wildlife via watch purification and extension of
greens. Large-scale restoration of the ecological environment aims to level off the inequality of access to green
spaces and to boost biodiversity with the support of a fund. Despite the long-term plan’s pro-environmental
intention, some people doubt whether these goals are achievable. (56)
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，英国政府计划通过观察绿色植物的净化和扩展来保护濒危野生
动物。大规模恢复生态环境的目的是在基金的支持下，消除绿色空间的不平等，促进生物多样性。尽管长
期规划的意图是环保，但一些人怀疑这些目标是否可以实现。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①The UK government has revealed a plan to protect and restore England’s wild life.
②It focuses on at-risk species by making canals, rivers and streams cleaner and expanding green spaces.
③The new Environmental Improvement Plan sets goals to create or restore more than 5,000 square kilometres of
wildlife habitats across England and restore 400 miles of rivers.
④At the moment, access to green spaces is not equal across the UK.
⑤As well as helping more people to act close to nature, the plan should increase England’s biodiversity.
⑥Although lots of people have welcomed the plan, not everyone is impressed.
⑦Pail de Zylva, from the charity Friends of the Earth, said it wasn’t clear enough how the goals would be met and
that many of them were like promises the Government had already made but not yet delivered.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2和6、7几个要点进行重组，将第3、4、5三个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句
British government plans to preserve the endangered wildlife via watch purification and extension of greens.
Large-scale restoration of the ecological environment aims to level off the inequality of access to green spaces and
to boost biodiversity with the support of a fund.
Despite the long-term plan’s pro-environmental intention, some people doubt whether these goals are achievable.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Large-scale restoration of the ecological environment aims to level off the inequality of
access to green spaces and to boost biodiversity with the support of a fund.(运用了不定式作宾语)
[高分句型2] Despite the long-term plan’s pro-environmental intention, some people doubt whether these goals are
achievable. (运用了whether引导的宾语从句)
Ⅴ. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模
72. 考虑到学生的实际需求，学校餐厅周末向学生开放。(open)(汉译英)
【答案】Considering the actual needs of the students, the school canteen is open to students on weekends.
【解析】考查名词、动词、形容词和时态以及介词。根据句意可知，“考虑到学生的实际需求”译为
considering the actual needs of the students，为介词短语做状语，“向学生开放”译为be open to students，陈
述目前事实，应用一般现在时，“周末”译为on weekends，作时间状语。故翻译为Considering the actual
needs of the students, the school canteen is open to students on weekends.
73. 教练和运动员为决赛做了详细的训练计划，对冠军志在必得。(determine) (汉译英)
【答案】The coach and players made a detailed training plan for the final and they are determined to win the
championship.
【解析】考查名词、动词、形容词和时态。根据句意可知，“教练和运动员”译为 the coach and
players，“为决赛做了详细的训练计划”译为make a detailed training plan for the final，句子陈述过去发生
的动作，应用一般过去时，“对冠军志在必得”即“他们对冠军志在必得”，陈述目前的状态，应用一般
现在时，译为they are determined to win the championship，使用连词and连接两个句子。故翻译为The coach
and players made a detailed training plan for the final and they are determined to win the championship.
74. 这家饭店对所有客人热情相迎，消费再低也不会被另眼相待。(no matter) (汉译英)
【答案】This restaurant warmly welcomes all the guests, and no matter how little people spend there, they won’tbe treated differently.
【解析】考查让步状语从句和时态。句子陈述客观事实，基础时态为一般现在时；根据汉语意思，“这家
饭店”用this restaurant，“欢迎”用动词welcome，作谓语；“所有客人用”all the guests，“消费再低也
不会被另眼相待”用no matter how引导让步状语从句，“消费”用动词spend，“被对待”用被动语态be
treated，再结合其他汉语意思，故翻译为 This restaurant warmly welcomes all the guests, and no matter how
little people spend there, they won’t be treated differently.
75. 这个街区缺乏健身设施的问题引起了当地政府高度关注，已筹措资金将一幢废弃的厂房改建成一座老
少咸宜的运动中心。(attention) (汉译英)
【答案】The lack of fitness facilities in this community has aroused high attention of the local government, and
funds have been raised to transform an abandoned factory building into a sports center suitable for all ages.
【解析】考查名词，动词，形容词，介词，短语，连词和时态。表示“这个街区”应用介词短语 in this
community；表示“缺乏”应用名词短语the lack of；表示“健身设施”应用名词短语fitness facilities；表
示“引起”应用动词arouse；表示“当地政府”应用名词短语the local government；表示“高度关注”应
用名词短语high attention；表示“筹措资金”应用动词短语raise funds；表示“一幢废弃的厂房”应用名词
短语an abandoned factory building；表示“将…改建成”应用动词短语transform…into…；表示“老少咸宜
的”应用形容词短语suitable for all ages；表示“一座运动中心”应用名词短语a sports center；分析句子结
构和意思可知，这句话描述的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，谓语用现在完成时，两个句子之间
是并列关系，用并列连词and连接。故翻译为The lack of fitness facilities in this community has aroused high
attention of the local government, and funds have been raised to transform an abandoned factory building into a
sports center suitable for all ages.
Ⅵ. Guided Writing
2023届上海市黄浦区高三下学期二模
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in
Chinese.
假设你是海平中学高三学生李明，你所在的社区将在暑假开设面向小学生的日间托管服务，现招募社区高
中生志愿者，要求每一位志愿者能根据自己的特长开设一门微课程。请写一封应聘信(信中请不要出现真实
的个人信息)，信的内容须包括：
1)简单的自我介绍；
2)你准备开设的微课程的名称和主要内容；3)你开设这门微课程的理由。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I am Li Ming from Class 1, Senior 3 of Haiping Middle School. I’m writing to apply for the position to help
the primary school students in our community.
I am very good at mathematics, and I often make some micro-courses for primary school students. I plan to set
up a micro-course, the name of which is “Mathematics in our daily life”. This course mainly introduces how to use
math in everyday life so that primary school students can have a deeper understanding of the importance of
mathematics through examples.
The reason why this micro-course is set up is that many students are not interested in learning mathematics.
What’s more, mathematics is rarely used in real life, so many people think that learning mathematics is
meaningless. I hope this course can help more primary school students, and I also hope to get this opportunity to
improve myself.
Yours,
Li Ming
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封应聘信应聘社区高中生志愿者，内容包括简单的自我
介绍，准备开设的微课程的名称和主要内容以及开设该课程的理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
计划：plan →intend
而且：what’s more →moreover
机会：opportunity →chance
提高：improve →promote
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句原句：I’m writing to apply for the position to help the primary school students in our community.
拓展句：I’m writing to apply for the position where I can help the primary school students in our community,
【点睛】【高分句型1】I plan to set up a micro-course, the name of which is “Mathematics in our daily life”.
（运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】The reason why this micro-course is set up is that many students are not interested in learning
mathematics.（运用了why引导的定语从句和that引导的表语从句）
