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上海卷 03（含听力）
1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷
上一律不得分。
3. 务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension
2023届上海市松江区高三上学期一模
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each
conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be
spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on
your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.
A. The girl’s teacher. B. The shop assistant.
C. The girl’s classmate. D. The calculator repairman.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Can we use our calculators on the test?
M: Yes, if you bring them at the beginning of the test. I’ll check them out and return them right away so you can
use them.
Q: Who is probably the man in the dialogue？
2.
A. Excited. B. Exhausted. C. Worried. D. Frightened.
【答案】B
【原文】M: It’s almost midnight. Why don’t we leave the laundry until tomorrow?
W: Good idea. I am almost beaten.
Q: How does the woman feel?
3.
A. In an electronics shop. B. In a foreign exchange market.
C. In a department store. D. In an old-fashioned print shop.【答案】C
【原文】W: Could you show me your receipt for this shirt in order to exchange it?
M: Ok, here it is. I downloaded the electronic receipt and printed it out.
Q: Where does the conversation most likely take place?
4.
A. She has to deal with the task first. B. She wants to put off the urgent task.
C. She’ll go for a holiday this weekend. D. She should leave for the emergency room.
【答案】A
【原文】M: You are leaving for your vacation as planned this weekend, aren’t you?
W: I had planned to, but an urgent task put me off.
Q: What does the woman imply?
5.
A. A city. B. A friend. C. A university. D. A book.
【答案】D
【原文】W: What do you think of You Just Don’t Understand?
M: Sorry, I haven’t the slightest clue about it. But I do know that the author studied at the University of
Pennsylvania for 6 years. It was about that part of her life.
Q: What are they mainly talking about?
6.
A. To have more sleep. B. To prepare breakfast.
C. To get up right away. D. To eat breakfast at once.
【答案】A
【原文】M: Sally, get up. Your breakfast is getting cold.
W: I don’t feel like having any breakfast yet.
Q: What is Sally probably going to do?
7.
A. Because he is in rather poor health.
B. Because he has trouble swallowing things.
C. Because he was refused by his favorite company.
D. Because he couldn’t work out a dream application.
【答案】C【原文】W: Jack looks depressed these days. Do you know why?
M: Oh, poor Jack. The application to his dream company was rejected. It may take days for him to swallow the
pain.
Q: Why does Jack look depressed?
8.
A. To read the essay out. B. To polish his ideas.
C. To work out an outline. D. To order cosmetics.
【答案】C
【原文】M: I can’t seem to organize my principles of the cosmetics industry.
W: Have you thought about giving a description of the main facts or points involved?
Q: What does the woman advise the man to do?
9.
A. The vision phone had better be shut off.
B. A convenient life can be enjoyed at home.
C. People make a smart phone with much ease.
D. Robots may replace people in the workplace.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Seeing the doctor at home, doing shopping at home, oh, we can do many things with vision phones at
home.
M: Certainly we can. It’s possible that we common people will have robots do the housework in the very near
future.
Q: What is implied in the conversation?
10.
A. He didn’t behave himself at school. B. He won’t graduate this summer.
C. He is too young to run a company. D. He puts his knowledge into use.
【答案】D
【原文】M: Steve won’t graduate until this summer, but did you know that he has already started his own
computer company?
W: Oh, he’s really using what he’s learned.
Q: What does the woman say about Steve?
Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or
conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but
the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your
paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
11. A. Penang is famous for precious pearls.
B. Enjoying Penang food on beaches is advised.
C. Mysteries in Penang are worthy of exploration.
D. Warm-hearted people are everywhere in Penang.
12. A. When the temple was finished.
B. When the temple was inhabited.
C. When they caught sight of sacred things.
D. When they sensed the popularity of the region.
13. A. A secret Asian attraction. B. A wonderful tourist spot.
C. A popular destination for food. D. A natural garden for specialists.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. B
【原文】Penang, which is also known as “Pearl of the Orient” in Malaysia, is a food paradise with long white
sandy beaches. Malaysia is also famous for its multi-racial culture and warm-hearted people. If you know more
about Penang and Malaysia, you’ll be fascinated. Penang needs little introduction to many visitors to Malaysia,
having long been known as one of Southeast Asia’s finest destinations. Penang’s outstanding beaches and typical
sights have made it one of the most popular destinations in the region. As fascinating as its beaches are, some of
Penang’s deeper mysteries should also be experienced. According to the folk tale, the Snake Temple was inhabited
by snakes which crawled out of the jungle on the night of the temple’s completion. The snakes are still there today.
Other worthwhile stops are the delightful Penang Bird Park at the romantic peak of Penang Hill. You may see
monkeys talking in the trees, sea eagles surveying their prey, and maybe you can also have a glimpse of a
Hawksbill turtle heading for the sea. Some hotels organize early morning walking through the forest.
Questions:
1.What would the speaker most probably agree with?
2.According to the folk tale, when did the snakes crawl out of the jungle?
3.What is the speaker mainly talking about?
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。14.
A. Become artists just like him. B. Understand him and learn from him.
C. Say something from their heart. D. Create beauty and dreams themselves.
15.
A. Because they don’t bother to express themselves.
B. Because they use complicated words and phrases.
C. Because they use shapes and colors rather than words.
D. Because they don’t show any interest in everyday life.
.
16
A. How painters communicate with each other.
B. How painters convey the ideas in their work.
C. Why painters are misunderstood by the public.
D. Why painters put much emphasis on creativity.
【答案】14. B 15. C 16. B
【解析】What does an artist want to do? The job involves creating beauty and dreams. Every artist knows in his
heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to say it well, but he wants it to be something
that has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and understand what he wants to teach, and he wants
them to learn from him. What painters want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to explain, because painters
translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes
and colors, is specially interesting for them and worth showing to us. Without their work we should never have
noticed these particular shapes and colors, or have felt the delight which they brought to the artist. Most artists take
their shapes and colors from the world or nature and from human bodies in motion and pose; their choices show
that these aspects of the world are worth looking at and that they contain beautiful sights. Modern artists might say
that they only choose objects that provide an interesting pattern and that there is nothing more in it. Yet they do not
choose entirely without reference to the character of their objects.
Questions:
14. What does an artist hope that the public will do ?
15. Why is it hard to explain what painters are saying?
16. What is the talk mainly about?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
17. A. Neighbors. B. Colleagues. C. Relatives. D. Schoolmates.18.
A. Producing fruits. B. Wrapping vegetables.
C. Cutting grass. D. Cleaning leaves.
19.
A. Enjoyable sometimes. B. Nice all along.
C. Meaningless at times. D. Hard all the time.
20.
A. High tuition the speakers are loaded with.
B. Part-time jobs the speakers are taking now.
C. Reasons why the speakers take part-time jobs.
D. Weaknesses the speakers think part-time jobs have.
【答案】17. D 18. B 19. A 20. B
【解析】M: Oh, Linda. What are you up to these days? It seems ages since we met in the canteen.
W: Hi, Phil. I’m on my way home from work.
M: I didn’t know you had a job.
W: Yeah, I work part time at a supermarket.
M: What do you do there?
W: I work in the produce section, wrapping fresh fruit and vegetables. I also put goods on shelves. Sometimes
when it really gets busy, I will assist at the check-out counter. Have you got a job, Phil?
M: Yeah, I do garden work for people. You know, cutting grass, watering, cleaning leaves, pulling weeds, things
like that.
W: I’d like doing that. It must be nice to work outdoors.
M: Sometimes it is, except when it rains or snows or gets too hot or too cold or...
W: I guess every job has its drawbacks. There are times when I get pretty tired of carrying things around at my job.
But a job is a job, and on the whole it ensures a great sense of achievement. And you know, I don’t want to burden
my parents with the high college fees.
M: Me too. Tuition in our college is high, isn’t it? Well, I’d better get going. I’ve got to plant some trees for my
neighbors this afternoon.
W: All right, see you!
M: It is great seeing you, Linda. Bye!
Questions:17. What’s the relationship between the two speakers?
18.Which of the following is Linda’s job?
19. How does the man think of his part-time job?
20. What is the conversation mainly about?
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a
given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with
one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.
(2023届上海市奉贤区高三一模英语试题)
Gray Hair Can Return to Its Original Color
Few signs of old age are clearer than the sight of gray hair. ____21____ we grow older, our strands of hair lose
their youthful color. Although this may seem like a permanent change, new research reveals that gray hairs
____22____ miraculously regain color — at least temporarily.
In one 1972 paper, the late doctor Stanley Comaish reported an isolated case of a 38-year-old man, with his
three strands ____23____(be) light near the ends but dark near the roots. This signaled a reversal in the normal
graying process, ____24____ begins at the root.
A new study from researchers at Columbia University is the first ____25____(offer) quantitative evidence
linking psychological stress to graying hair in people. Having analyzed individual hairs from 14 volunteers,
researchers compared the results with each volunteer’s stress diary, in which individuals’ review of their calendars
and each week’s level of stress rated are included.
When hairs were aligned with (与……对照) stress diaries, striking associations between stress and hair
graying ____26____(reveal) and, in some cases, there was a reversal of graying when stress was removed. There
was one individual who went on a long vacation, and five hairs on that person’s head returned back to dark during
the vacation.
Although it may seem easy to understand ____27____ stress can speed up graying, the researchers were
surprised to discover that hair color can be restored when stress is eased. We could picture hair as a powerful tool to
assess the effects of ____28____(early) life events on aging — because hair provides a kind of physical record of
past events, much____29____ the rings of a tree. It’s pretty clear that the hair encodes part of your biological
history in some way. Hair grows out of the body, and then it crystallizes into _____30_____ hard and stable thatholds the memory of your past.
【答案】21. As 22. can##could##may##might 23. being 24. which 25. to offer
26. were revealed 27. that 28. earlier 29. like 30. something##the
【解析】这是一篇说明文。新的研究表明，白发可以奇迹般地恢复颜色——至少是暂时的。文章介绍了这
项研究的具体开展情况以及研究发现。
21考查状语从句。句意：随着年龄的增长，我们的头发失去了青春的颜色。此处引导时间状语从句，表示
“随着”应用as，句首单词首字母要大写。故填As。
22考查情态动词。句意：虽然这似乎是一个永久性的改变，但新的研究表明，白发可以/可能奇迹般地恢
复颜色——至少是暂时的。后跟动词原形，表示“可以”或“可能”，应用情态动词can/could/may/
might。故填can/could/may/might。
23考查非谓语动词。句意：在1972年一篇论文中，已故医生斯坦利·科迈什报告了一个38岁男子的孤立病
例，他的三股发丝末端较浅，但发根附近较深。此处为with的复合结构，strands与be构成主动关系，应
用现在分词，作宾补。故填being。
24考查定语从句。句意：这标志着从根开始的正常变灰过程的逆转。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先
行词process，从句缺少主语，指物，应用which引导。故填which。
25考查非谓语动词。句意：哥伦比亚大学研究人员的一项新研究首次提供了心理压力与人们头发变白之间
的定量证据。序数词后跟不定式，作后置定语。故填to offer。
26考查时态语态。句意：当头发与压力日志对照时，压力和头发变白之间的显著关联被揭示出来，在某些
情况下，当压力消失时，头发变白的情况会逆转。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文was可知，应用一
般过去时的被动语态，主语为striking associations，谓语用复数。故填were revealed。
27考查宾语从句。句意：虽然压力会加速头发变白似乎很容易理解，但研究人员惊讶地发现，当压力缓解
时，头发的颜色可以恢复。此处引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，应用that引导。故填that。
28考查比较级。句意：我们可以把头发描绘成一个强有力的工具，来评估早期生活事件对衰老的影响，因
为头发提供了一种过去事件的物理记录，就像树木的年轮一样。结合语境表示“更早的”，应用比较级。
故填earlier。
29考查介词。句意：我们可以把头发描绘成一个强有力的工具，来评估早期生活事件对衰老的影响，因为
头发提供了一种过去事件的物理记录，就像树木的年轮一样。后跟名词作宾语，表示“像”，应用like。
故填like。
30考查不定代词或冠词。句意：头发从身体里长出来，然后结晶成坚硬而稳定的东西，保存着你过去的记
忆。此处表示“坚硬的某物”应用不定代词something或用定冠词+形容词，表示一类事物。故填something或the。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
(2023届上海市金山区高三上学期一模)
A. abandoned B. challenge C. colored D. demonstrate E. ensures
F. initiatives G. innovation H. pilot I. purchased J. recycled K. tailors
Lego: One Step Closer to Being Sustainable
The Lego Group is one step closer to reaching its goal of making all its products from sustainable materials by
2030.
The Danish toymaker revealed a prototype (雏形) brick made from ____31____ plastic. In a news release,
Lego said the PET plastic from ____32____ bottles makes up the first brick to meet the company’s “strict quality
and safety requirements.” One way the company ____33____ safety is by sourcing materials from suppliers that
use processes approved by the US Food & Drug Administration and European Food Safety Authority.
“The biggest ___34___ on our sustainability journey is rethinking and innovating new materials that are as
long-lasting, strong and high quality as our existing bricks—and fit with LEGO elements made over the past 60
years,” Lego Group Vice President of Environmental Responsibility Tim Brooks said. “With this prototype we’re
able to____35____ the progress we’re making to the public.”
It will be “some time” before bricks made from used materials can be ____36____, Lego said. The company
will continue to test and develop the PET formulation (配方) and decide whether to move to the ____37____
production phase, which is expected to take at least a year. One factor the company is testing is how the material
can be ____38____.
“Experimentation and failing is an important part of learning and ____39____. Just as kids build, unbuild and
rebuild with LEGO bricks at home, we’re doing the same in our lab,” Brooks said.
The move follows last year’s announcement that the company was making a $400 million investment over
three years into sustainability ____40____. It included phasing out the single-use plastic bags from its boxes and
instead using recyclable paper for its packaging.
【答案】31. J 32. A 33. E 34. B 35. D 36. I 37. H 38. C 39. G 40. F
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了乐高目前在可持续材料制造上获得的成就和未来的计划。31考查形容词。句意：这家丹麦玩具制造商展示了一款由回收塑料制成的积木原型。分析句子结构可知，
此处需要形容词做定语，修饰空后的plastic，此处表达是“可回收塑料制造”之意，recycled“回收利用
的”符合题意。故选J项。
32考查形容词。句意：乐高在一份新闻稿中表示，来自废弃瓶子的PET塑料构成了满足该公司“严格的质
量和安全要求”的第一块砖。分析句子结构可知，此处需要形容词做定语，修饰空后的bottles，
abandoned“被遗弃的”符合题意。故选A项。
33考查动词。句意：该公司确保安全的一种方法是，从使用美国食品药品管理局(Food & Drug
Administration)和欧洲食品安全局(European Food safety Authority)批准工艺的供应商那里采购材料。分析句
子结构可知，此处是定语从句，从句中缺少谓语，应填动词，ensure“保证”为动词符合题意，主语是the
company为第三人称单数，描述的是一般的状态，应该用一般现在时，应填ensures。故选E项。
34考查名词。句意：乐高集团负责环境责任的副总裁蒂姆·布鲁克斯说:“我们在可持续发展之旅中面临的最
大挑战是重新思考和创新新材料，这些材料要像我们现有的砖一样持久、坚固和高质量，并且与过去60年
生产的乐高元素相适应。”。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词，challenge“挑战”符
合题意。故选B项
35考查动词。句意：通过这个原型，我们能够向公众展示我们正在取得的进展。分析句子结构可知，空前
的to是不定式标志，空处应填动词原形，demonstrate“演示”符合题意。故选D项。
36考查动词。句意：乐高表示，购买二手材料制成的积木还需要“一段时间”。分析句子结构可知，此处
是before引导的状语从句，从句中缺少谓语动词，所以应填动词purchase“购买”符合题意，又从句主语是
bricks与purchase之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，空前已有be动词，所以空处填purchased。故选I项。
37考查形容词。句意：该公司将继续测试和开发PET配方，并决定是否进入试生产阶段，预计至少需要一
年时间。分析句子结构可知，空气是冠词the，空后是名词production，所以空处应填形容词做的定语，
pilot“试验性的”符合题意。故选H项。
38考查动词。句意：该公司正在测试的一个因素是这种材料如何着色。分析句子结构可知，此处是后文引
导的表语从句，从句中缺少谓语动词，应填动词，color“着色”为动词符合题意，从句主语是material与
color之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，空前已有be动词，所以空处填colored。故选C项。
39考查名词。句意：实验和失败是学习和创新的重要组成部分。分析句子结构可知，根据空前and，空处
应和learning并列，应填名词，innovation“创造”为不可数名词，符合题意。故选G项。
40考查名词。句意：去年，该公司宣布将在三年内投资4亿美元用于可持续发展计划。分析句子结构可
知，此处考查固定搭配：sustainability initiatives意为“可持续发展计划”。故选F项。
Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.
Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
(2023届上海市宝山区高三一模)
Online art of all kinds can be accessed by as many people as the hosting server permits. But there is a(n)
___41___ that is allowing people to buy digital art.
Digital art that is sold online is known as an NFT, which ___42___ non-fungible token(非同质化代币). Non-
fungible means that the item cannot be ___43___ by a similar item. For example, coins and bills are fungible
because they have a set value and are easily exchanged. ___44___, trading cards are non-fungible because their
worth varies depending on which card you have. An NFT can be ___45___ anything digital -songs, videos, images
or even a social media post, one of which sold for almost USS3 million!
Others may be able to see this NFT, or art, but one person is listed as the owner on a blockchain-that is, a
public ___46___. Blockchains are well equipped to keep track of the owner of NFT. In fact, they are used to record
all kinds of online ___47___.
Some people are describing NFTs as an online version of collecting fine art. And collectors are ___48___ to
put their money where their mouth is, paying thousands or even millions of dollars for NFTs.
As with fine art collecting, some people see purchasing NFTs as a(n) ___49___, buying art that they plan to
sell at a higher price later. Others want the esteem (成就感) that comes with owning an NFT made by a famous
___50___. But given that a copy of an NFT is identical to the ___51___, the wisdom of paying massive amounts of
money for one may seem ___52___.
On the other hand, the popularity of NFTs is ___53___ good news for the artists who create them. Upon
selling their works as NFTs, artists receive much more than the small amounts of money they get when someone
streams their video, for example. Some NFTs are even set up so that every time a work changes hands, the creator
receives a percentage of the price. Thus, the artist can be paid for a single NFT many times over.
___54___, every NFT is unique, though some creators produce multiple very similar NFTs sort of like how
multiple copies of any given trading card exist). ___55___ will tell whether NFT art will pay off for collectors in
the long run, but for now it’s providing some people-including the artists with large sums of money.
41. A. regulation B. art C. skill D. trend
42. A. focuses on B. stands for C. points to D. consists in
43. A. replaced B. produced C. released D. covered44. A. In a word B. In other words C. In contrast D. In conclusion
45. A. practically B. extremely C. eventually D. constantly
46. A. image B. database C. relationship D. benefit
47. A. activities B. performances C. communications D. deals
48. A. afraid B. eager C. willing D. doubtful
49. A. amusement B. investment C. donation D. hobby
50. A. creator B. craftsman C. official D. scientist
51. A. critical B. moderate C. final D. original
52. A. foolish B. intelligent C. questionable D. mysterious
53. A. generally B. definitely C. consequently D. specifically
54. A. Theoretically B. Objectively C. Honestly D. Strictly
55. A. Standard B. Money C. Time D. Technology
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. A
51. D 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了生活中人们在网上购买数字艺术品的一个趋势。
41考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是有一个趋势是允许人们购买数字艺术品。A. regulation管理；规章；B.
art艺术；C. skill技巧；D. trend趋势。根据下文“allowing people to buy digital art”及“Some people are
describing NFTs as an online version of collecting fine art.”可知，这里指人们从网络上购买数字艺术品成为了
趋势。故选D。
42考查短语词义辨析。句意：在网上销售的数字艺术品被称为 NFT，代表非同质化代币。A. focuses on集
中于； B. stands for 代表；C. points to指向；D. consists in组成。根据空前“known as an NFT”及空后
“non-fungible token”可知，此处NFT代表non-fungible token，故选B。
43考查动词词义辨析。句意：不可替换意味着该项不能被类似的项替换。A. replaced替换；B. produced制
造；C. released释放；发射；D. covered覆盖。根据下文“For example, coins and bills are fungible because
they have a set value and are easily exchanged. 4 4 , trading cards are non-fungible because their worth
varies depending on which card you have.”可知，硬币和纸币是可替换的，交易卡是不可替代的，因而这里指
不能被相似的物品来替换。故选A。
44考查短语词义辨析。句意：例如，硬币和纸币是可替换的，因为它们有一个固定的价值，并且易于交
换。相比之下，交易卡是不可替代的，因为它们的价值取决于你持有的卡。A. In a word总之；一句话；B.
In other words换句话说；C. In contrast相对比而言；D. In conclusion最后；总之。结合上文“coins and bills
are fungible because they have a set value and are easily exchanged”及下文“trading cards are non-fungiblebecause their worth varies depending on which card you have”可知，此处是拿能交换的硬币和纸币与交易卡进
行对比，故选C。
45考查副词词义辨析。句意：NFT 实际上可以是任何数字化的东西——歌曲、视频、图像甚至是社交媒
体帖子，其中一个售价接近300万美元！A. practically实际地；B. extremely 极其；非常；C. eventually最
终；D. constantly持续地。根据下文“anything digital -songs, videos, images or even a social media post”拿实
际的数码歌曲、视频等来解释NTF，所以NTF指实际上的这些东西。故选A。
46考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他人可能能够看到这个 NFT，或艺术，但一个人被列为所有者的区块链
——即公共数据库。A. image形象；B. database数据库；C. relationship关系；D. benefit好处。根据下文
“In fact, they are used to record all kinds of online 4 7 .”可知，此处指网上交易都被记录在这里，即
是所有交易的数据库。故选B。
47考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，它们被用来记录各种在线交易。A. activities活动；B. performances
表演；C. communications交流；D. deals交易。根据上文“allowing people to buy digital art”可知，这里指人
们在网上购买数字艺术品，即网上交易。故选D。
48考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而且收藏家愿意把钱花在他们所说的地方，为 NFT 支付数千甚至数百万
美元。A. afraid害怕的；B. eager渴望的；C. willing乐意的；D. doubtful怀疑的。根据下文“paying
thousands or even millions of dollars for NFTs”可知，收藏家们愿意把钱花在NFT上。故选C。
49考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像收藏艺术品一样，有些人把购买 NFT 视为一种投资，购买他们计划以
更高价格出售的艺术品。A. amusement乐趣；娱乐活动；B. investment投资；C. donation捐献；捐赠物；
D. hobby爱好。根据上文“ purchasing NFTs”及下文“ sell at a higher price later”可知，低价买NFT，之后
以高价卖出，即有些人把购买NFT 视为一种投资。故选B。
50考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他人则希望拥有由著名创作者制作的 NFT，从而获得尊重。A. creator创
造者；B. craftsman工匠；技工；C. official官员；D. scientist科学家。根据上文“an NFT made by a
famous”，可知，这里指创造NFT的创造者。故选A。
51考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，鉴于 NFT 的拷贝与原件完全相同，花大价钱购买 NFT 的明智之
举似乎值得怀疑。A. critical批评的；爱挑剔的； B. moderate适度的；C. final最终的；D. original最初
的。根据上文“a copy of an NFT is identical to ”可知，复制体和原始的应是一致的。故选D。
52考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，鉴于 NFT 的拷贝与原件完全相同，花大价钱购买 NFT 的明智之
举似乎值得怀疑。A. foolish愚蠢的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. questionable可疑的；有疑问的；D.
mysterious神秘的。结合空前内容，可知，复制体和原始版是一致的，所以花大价钱购买复制体这个行为
是可疑的。故选C。53考查副词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，NFT 的流行对于创作它们的艺术家来说无疑是个好消息。A.
generally大体地； B. definitely明确地；C. consequently因此；D. specifically特有地；特定地。根据空处前
后内容可知，NFT受欢迎，因而对于创作它们的艺术家来讲肯定是好消息。故选B。
54考查副词词义辨析。句意：从理论上讲，每个 NFT 都是独一无二的，尽管有些创造者会生成多个非常
相似的 NFT，就像任何给定交易卡的多个拷贝存在一样。A. Theoretically理论地；B. Objectively客观的；
C. Honestly诚实地；D. Strictly严格地。根据下文“every NFT is unique”可知，在理论上，任何一个NFT都
是独一无二的。故选A。
55考查名词词义辨析。句意：从长远来看，NFT 艺术品是否会为收藏家带来回报，时间会告诉我们答
案，但就目前而言，它为一些人——包括艺术家——提供了大笔资金。A. Standard标准；B. Money金钱；
C. Time时间；D. Technology技术。根据下文“in the long run”，所以此处指从时间上来看。故选C。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best
according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
(2023届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模)
Francis Kéré appears on the screen in a loose white Oxford shirt and an enormous, slightly amazed smile.
“Can you imagine?” the newest Pritzker Architecture Prize winner says. “I was born in a little village in BurkinaFaso where there was no school then. And my father wanted me to learn how to read and write very simply because
then I could then translate or read him his letters.”
The first African winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize had already received numerous awards in his field,
but Kéré was as surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field’s most famous prize. “Francis Kéré is
pioneering architecture — sustainable to the earth and its inhabitants — in lands of extreme scarcity,” said
committee chair, Tom Pritzker, in a statement. “He is equally architect and servant, improving upon the lives and
experiences of countless citizens in a region of the world that is at times forgotten. Through buildings that
demonstrate beauty, modesty, boldness and invention, Kéré gracefully deserves this Prize.”
Kéré says his architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending school with around 100 other
children in a region where temperatures are regularly higher than 100 degrees Fahrenheit. “You will sit and it’s very
hot inside,” he said. “And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was strong and in my head the idea one
day grew that as an adult, I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I can feel
better.”
In his designs for Gando Primary School and Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School in Burkina Faso, Kéré
drew on traditional building materials and emphasized shade and shadows with well-ventilated (通风良好的)
spaces that reduce the need for air conditioning.
When he was twenty, in 1985, Kéré earned a vocational scholarship to study carpentry in Berlin. But while
absorbed in the practicality of roofing and furniture making, he also attended night school and was admitted to
Technische Universität Berlin, from which he graduated in 2004 with an advanced degree in architecture. He was
still a student when he designed and built Gando Primary School. It turned out to be a springboard for his career
and still guides his ethos (理念) today.
56. Which of the following is a reason for Kéré’s winning the Pritzker Architecture Prize?
A. His designs are innovative and eco-friendly.
B. He’s received plenty of awards in architecture.
C. His designs mainly consist of school buildings.
D. He’s good at using new materials in his architecture.
57. ________ acts as a stimulus to Kéré’s becoming an architect.
A. His study of carpentry in Berlin B. His hometown’s extremely hot whether
C. His parents’ expectations of him D. His uncomfortable experience at school
58. ________ helps Kéré establish his status in architecture.A. His design of Gando Primary School B. His research in Technische Universität Berlin
C. His love for nature and his hometown D. His commitment to the development of Africa
59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Francis Kéré: a True Pioneer in African Architecture
B. Francis Kéré: a Great African Contributor to Architecture
C. Francis Kéré: the First African to Win Architecture’s Top Award
D. Francis Kéré: the First African Winner of Awards in Architecture
【答案】56. A 57. D 58. A 59. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作为首个获得建筑领域最高奖——普利兹克建筑奖的非洲人
Francis Kéré的成名经历。
56细节理解题。根据第二段中““Francis Kéré is pioneering architecture — sustainable to the earth and its
inhabitants — in lands of extreme scarcity,” said committee chair, Tom Pritzker, in a statement. “He is equally
architect and servant, improving upon the lives and experiences of countless citizens in a region of the world that is
at times forgotten. Through buildings that demonstrate beauty, modesty, boldness and invention, Kéré gracefully
deserves this Prize.” (“Francis Kéré是建筑学的先驱——对地球及其居民来说是可持续的——在极度稀缺的
土地上，”委员会主席Tom Pritzker在一份声明中表示。“他同样是建筑师和公务员，改善着这个世界上
有时被遗忘的地区无数公民的生活和经历。通过展示美丽、谦逊、大胆和创造力的建筑，Kéré理所当然地
获得了这个奖项。”)”可知，Kéré被授奖是因为他的作品具有创造性，同时也符合可持续发展。故选A。
57细节理解题。根据第三段“Kéré says his architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending
school with around 100 other children in a region where temperatures are regularly higher than 100 degrees
Fahrenheit. “You will sit and it’s very hot inside,” he said. “And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was
strong and in my head the idea one day grew that as an adult, I should make it better. I was thinking about space,
about room, about how I can feel better.”(Kéré说他的建筑实践是受到他自己的上学经历的启发，在那个温度
经常高于100华氏度的地区，他和大约100个其他的孩子一起上学。“你会坐在里面，里面非常热，”他
说。“外面没有光，阳光很强烈，有一天我的脑海里产生了一个想法，作为一个成年人，我应该让它变得
更好。我想到了空间，想到了房间，想到了如何让自己感觉更好。”)”可知，Kéré建筑的实践源于他自己
上学期间艰苦的生活。故选D。
58细节理解题。根据最后一段中“He was still a student when he designed and built Gando Primary School. It
turned out to be a springboard for his career and still guides his ethos (理念) today. (当他设计和建造甘多小学的
时候，他还是个学生。事实证明，这是他职业生涯的跳板，至今仍引导着他的精神)”可知，正是Kéré设计和建造甘多小学，才成就其在职业场上的地位。故选A。
59主旨大意题。通读全文，结合文章第一段中“Francis Kéré appears on the screen in a loose white Oxford
shirt and an enormous, slightly amazed smile. “Can you imagine?” the newest Pritzker Architecture Prize winner
says.(Francis Kéré身穿宽松的白色牛津衬衫出现在屏幕上，脸上带着微微惊讶的笑容。“你能想象吗？”
这位最新的普利兹克奖冠军说)”可知，Francis Kéré是最新的普利兹克奖冠军。第二段中“The first African
winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize had already received numerous awards in his field, but Kéré was as
surprised as anyone else to be selected for the field’s most famous prize.(被选为该领域最著名的奖项，Kéré和其
他人一样惊讶)”同时结合下文对Kéré在建筑领域的成名经历的叙说可知，本文主要讲述了作为首个获得建
筑领域最高奖——普利兹克建筑奖的非洲人Francis Kéré的成名经历。由此可知，文章的标题可以是
“Francis Kéré：第一个获得建筑最高奖的非洲人”。故选C。
(B)
(2023届上海市普陀区高三下学期二模)
If you really want to see all that Yellowstone Park has to offer, it would take you a lifetime! However, most of
us do not have a lifetime to spend in Yellowstone, but in 2-3 full days, you will be able to hit most of the highlights.
There is no such thing as racing around the park. Yellowstone has 154 miles of a main highway, known as the
Grand Loop Road. The general park speed limit is 45 miles per hour but in normal traffic, you will be lucky to
average 30 miles per hour. Figure at least an hour of driving time for every thirty miles of distance. If you plan to
get off the bus and visit the park, it will take at least 1.2 to 2 hours at almost every stop. In addition, there will be
any mumber of unscheduled stops, such as waiting for wild animals to cross the road
A suggested starting point for your tour of Yellowstone National Park is to enter through the South Gate,
which is approximately sixty-two miles north of Jackson, Wyoming. Everyone comes to Yellowstone to see Old
Faithful.Although,not the largest geyser (间歇泉) to erupt in the Park,it is the most reliable regarding the time of
eruption. The time of the eruption,the length of the eruption and the height of the eruption vary from year to year.
As you enter the Park, ask the Park Information Office if he has information on the expected times for the eruption
of Old Faithful.
As you drive north on the Grand Loop Road, keep an eye out for wildlife. At Grant Village Junction, turn left
(west) and head toward Old Faithful Village. Once at Old Faithful Village, take some time to walk around theboardwalks and visit some of the many other geysers in the Upper Geyser Basin. Include the 1.4-mile walk to
Morning Glory Pool, one of the most colorful thermal (热能) features in all of Yellowstone.And do not forget to
visit the Old Faithful Inn,which is the single most impressive human structure in Yellowstone.
Continue on north and visit the Lower Geyser Basin. The area is scattered and features regularly erupting
geysers, hot springs, and a fascinating mud pool. After leaving the Lower Geyser Basin, continue north to Norris
Junction and stay to the right to travel to Norris Geyser Basin. One of Yellowstone’s most popular geyser basins,
Norris is home to one of the Park’s most popular geysers and Steamboat. In addition, there are several miles of
boardwalks from which you can explore dozens of multi-colored thermal features.
As for more, go on a Sightseeing Tour of Yellowstone to see it all.
Yellowstone Scenic Tours - Private Day Trips
Yellowstone YearRound Adventures
Experience Montana With Front Seat Guided Bus Tour
60. What can you learn from the first paragraph?
A. Some people live in parks all their lives. B. Hardly anyone can see the whole park.
C. The park can provide you with everything. D. It’s enough to spend a few days in the park.
61. What does the underlined phrase “unscheduled stops” refer to?
A. The walking speed of wild animals being affected.
B. Travelers’ stopping and going in the park.
C. The vehicles’ being parked in the proper area.
D. The traffic’s stopping to make way for wild animals.
62. Which of the following travel maps is true according to Paragraph 4-5?A. B.
C. D.
【答案】60. B 61. D 62. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍对黄石国家公园的旅游，让你在2到3天内将能够到达大部分的亮
点。
60推理判断题。根据第一段“If you really want to see all that Yellowstone Park has to offer, it would take you a
lifetime! However, most of us do not have a lifetime to spend in Yellowstone, but in 2-3 full days, you will be able
to hit most of the highlights.（如果你真的想看到黄石公园提供的一切，它将花费你一生的时间!然而，我们
大多数人都没有一辈子的时间在黄石公园度过，但在2-3天内，你将能够到达大部分的亮点。）”可知，
从第一段我们可以知道“几乎没有人能看到整个公园。”故选B。
61词义猜测题。根据第二段中“If you plan to get off the bus and visit the park, it will take at least 1.2 to 2 hours
at almost every stop.（如果你打算下车参观公园，几乎每一站都需要至少1.2到2个小时。）”和划线后面
的内容“such as waiting for wild animals to cross the road（比如等待野生动物过马路）”，由此推测划线词
的意思是“车辆停下来给野生动物让路。”故选D。
62细节理解题。根据第四段中“As you drive north on the Grand Loop Road, keep an eye out for wildlife. At
Grant Village Junction, turn left (west)and head toward Old Faithful Village.（当您沿着大环路向北行驶时，请
留意野生动物。在Grant Village Junction，左转(向西)，向Old Faithful Village方向前进。）”和第五段中
“Continue on north and visit the Lower Geyser Basin. The area is scattered and features regularly erupting
geysers, hot springs, and a fascinating mud pool. After leaving the Lower Geyser Basin, continue north to Norris
Junction and stay to the right to travel to Norris Geyser Basin.（继续向北，参观下间歇泉盆地。该地区分布分
散，以定期喷发的间歇泉、温泉和迷人的泥池为特色。离开下间歇泉盆地后，继续向北前往诺里斯枢纽，
并停留在右侧前往诺里斯间歇泉盆地。）”可知，从the Grand Loop Road开始，然后到Old FaithfulVillage，再到the Lower Geyser Basin，最后到Norris。故选C。
C
(2023届上海市徐汇区高三二模)
Casting blame is natural: it is tempting to fault someone else for a mistake rather than taking responsibility
yourself. But blame is also harmful. It makes it less likely that people will own up to mistakes, and thus less likely
that organizations can learn from them. Research published in 2015 suggests that firms whose managers pointed to
external factors to explain their failings underperformed companies that blamed themselves.
Blame culture can spread like a virus. Just as children fear mom and dad’s punishment if they admit to
wrongdoing, in a blaming environment, employees are afraid of criticism and punishment if they acknowledge
making a mistake at work. Blame culture asks, “who dropped the ball?” instead of “where did our systems and
processes fail?” The focus is on the individuals, not the processes. It’s much easier to point fingers at a person or
department instead of doing the harder, but the more beneficial, exercise of fixing the root cause, so the problem
does not happen again.
The No Blame Culture was introduced to make sure errors and deficiencies (缺陷) were highlighted by
employees as early as possible. It originated in organizations where tiny errors can have catastrophic (灾难性的)
consequences. These are known as high reliability organizations (HROs) and include hospitals, submarines and
airlines. Because errors can be so disastrous in these organizations, it’s dangerous to operate in an environment
where employees don’t feel able to report errors that have been made or raise concerns about that deficiencies may
turn into future errors. The No Blame Culture maximizes accountability because all contributions to the event
occurring are identified and reviewed for possible change and improvement.
The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), which supervises air traffic across the United States,
makes it clear that its role is not to assign blame or liability but to find out what went wrong and to issue
recommendations to avoid a repeat. The proud record of the airline industry in reducing accidents partly reflects no-
blame processes for investigating crashes and close calls. The motive to learn from errors also exist when the risks
are lower. That is why software engineers and developers routinely investigate what went wrong if a website
crashes or a server goes down.
There is an obvious worry about embracing blamelessness. What if the website keeps crashing and the same
person is at fault? Sometimes, after all, blame is deserved. The idea of the “just culture”, a framework developed in
the 1990s by James Reason, a psychologist, addresses the concern that the incompetent and the malevolent (恶意
的) will be let off the hook. The line that Britain’s aviation regulator draws between honest errors and the other sortis a good starting-point. It promises a culture in which people “are not punished for actions or decisions taken by
them that are commensurate with their experience and training”. That narrows room for blame but does not remove
it entirely.
63. According to the research published in 2015, companies that ________ had better performance.
A. blamed external factors B. owned up to mistakes
C. conducted investigations D. admitted failures
64. According to the passage, the No Blame Culture ________.
A. encourages the early disclosure of errors
B. only exists in high reliability organizations
C. enables people to shift the blame onto others
D. prevents organizations to learn from errors
65. What is the major concern about embracing blamelessness according to the passage?
A. Innocent people might take the blame by admitting their failure.
B. Being blamed for mistakes can destroy trust in employees.
C. The line between honest errors and the other sort is not clear.
D. People won’t learn their lessons if they aren’t blamed for failures.
66. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Why We Fail to Learn from Our Own Mistakes
B. How to Avoid Disastrous Errors in Organizations
C. Why We Should Stop the Blame Game at Work
D. How to Deal with Workplace Blame Culture
【答案】63. B 64. A 65. D 66. C
【解析】这是一篇议论文。主要论述了职场中“责怪文化”的弊端及引进“不责怪”文化的好处及担忧。
63细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Research published in 2015 suggests that firms whose managers pointed
to external factors to explain their failings underperformed companies that blamed themselves.”（2015年发表的
一项研究表明，那些经理把失败归咎于外部因素的公司，其表现不如那些把失败归咎于自己的公司。）可
知，把失败原因归咎于自身即承认自身错误的公司比把失败归咎于外部因素的公司表现得好。故选B项。
64细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The No Blame Culture was introduced to make sure errors and deficiencies
(缺陷) were highlighted by employees as early as possible. ”（引入“不责怪文化”，确保员工尽早指出错误和
不足。）可知，“不责怪文化”可以鼓励员工尽早揭露错误和不足。故选A项。
65细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句“There is an obvious worry about embracing blamelessness. What if thewebsite keeps crashing and the same person is at fault? Sometimes, after all, blame is deserved.”（对于拥护“不
责怪文化”也存在明显的担忧。如果网站一直崩溃，而罪魁祸首是同一个人，该怎么办？毕竟，有时候，
被责备是罪有应得。）可知，如果对于错误不再指责，有些人可能会不断地犯同样的错误，无法吸取教
训。故选D项。
66主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句“But blame is also harmful. It makes it less likely that people will own up to
mistakes, and thus less likely that organizations can learn from them.”（但是责备也是有害的。这使得人们不太
可能承认错误，因此组织也不太可能从中吸取教训。）及第二段第一句“Blame culture can spread like a
virus.”（责备就像病毒一样传播。）可知文章前两段主要论述了职场中“责怪文化”的弊端，并结合下文
对“不责怪文化”好处的论述可知，文章主要分析了职场中应该停止“责怪文化”的原因，并引进“不责
怪文化”，C项“为什么我们应该停止工作中的指责文化”适合做文章标题。故选C项。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each
sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
(2023届上海市静安区高三一模英语试卷)
Recently, there’s been a lot of talk in U.S. about the “data problem.” It ought to give the “datadriven” school
reformers pause to reconsider. Maybe we are just creating a bubble that too will burst if we continue to base our
actions on the belief that only scores on standardized instruments are evidence of success.____67____ Margo, a
famous commenter, states that at least tests are more “reliable” than professional judgment. How can she tell? We
want a nation of citizens who are less ready to think that the “truth” can only be captured in one of four answers—
a, b, c, or d. ____68____ But how can the general trend guarantee the reliability of the score of one particular test-
taker? Some educator dares to replace these tests with professional human judgments, which must still rest on a
numerical rank order based on a, b, c and d. The big problem is that there is often no technical assurance for the
reliability of such exams. No wonder many big-name psychologists avoid them.
All “reliability” tells us is that the student would get a similar score on a similar test if given at another time or
place. But all scores on old or new tests have measurement errors. Like Wall Street’s numbers, we have no
independent basis for relying on these scores. Likewise, validity is in the eye of a certain standard of judgments.
How ridiculous it is to say for sure that these judgments are justified!
When some parents told me that their children seemed to read well, but scored poorly, they often believed the
indirect evidence, test score, and not the direct evidence, listening to their children read. Some parents had been
trained to distrust judgment and rely on “real evidence”. My own 8-year-old son also used to “fail” a 3rd gradereading test even though I “knew” he could read fluently. ____69____
We need schools that “train” our judgment, which help us become adults who are in the habit of bringing
judgment to bear on complex phenomenon. ____70____ It also involves acknowledging that even experts must live
with a substantial degree of uncertainty. Only in this way, can we, to some extent, rely on the results of the school
education in the U.S.
A. Even the technical meaning of “good tests” is open to question.
B. It’s when I became a test doubter.
C. Different groups of people fit different test patterns.
D. On all achievement tests, we’re promised beforehand a population that fits a normal curve (曲线).
E. This includes judging which expertise to “trust” and defending such choices.
F. Time spent on standardized tests is, in many cases, equal to that on study.
【答案】67. A 68. D 69. B 70. E
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是什么是“好的”考试，是测试还是专业判断。
67空前说“Maybe we are just creating a bubble that too will burst if we continue to base our actions on the belief
that only scores on standardized instruments are evidence of success.(也许我们只是在制造一个泡沫，如果我们
继续把我们的行动建立在只有在标准化工具上的分数才是成功的证据的信念上，这个泡沫也会破裂。)”，
因此到底什么才算是好的考试是值得让人质疑的，A选项“Even the technical meaning of “good tests” is open
to question.(甚至“好的测试”的技术意义也是存有疑问的。)”说明了什么才算是好的考试是值得让人质疑
的，因此A选项承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
68空前说“Margo, a famous commenter, states that at least tests are more “reliable” than professional judgment.
How can she tell? We want a nation of citizens who are less ready to think that the “truth” can only be captured in
one of four answers—a, b, c, or d.(一位著名的评论家Margo说，至少测试比专业判断更“可靠”。她怎么知
道的？我们想要的是这样一个国家，这个国家的公民不太愿意认为“真相”只能在四种答案之一中得到
——a、b、c或d。)”，空格处应说为什么测试比专业判断更“可靠”，D选项“On all achievement tests,
we’re promised beforehand a population that fits a normal curve (曲线).(在所有的成绩测试中，我们事先得到的
承诺都是符合正常曲线的总体。)”说明了测试比专业判断更“可靠”的原因，因此D选项承接上文，符合
语境，故选D。
69空前说“My own 8-year-old son also used to “fail” a 3rd grade reading test even though I “knew” he could read
fluently.(我自己8岁的儿子也曾在三年级的阅读测试中“不及格”，尽管我“知道”他能流利地阅读。)”，
空格处应说明作者对此的看法，作者应该会怀疑这样的考试，B选项“It’s when I became a test doubter.(那是我开始怀疑考试的时候。)”说明了作者从那以后开始怀疑考试，因此B选项承接上文，符合语境，故选
B。
70空前说“We need schools that “train” our judgment, which help us become adults who are in the habit of
bringing judgment to bear on complex phenomenon.(我们需要学校来“训练”我们的判断力，帮助我们成为成
年人，养成对复杂现象作出判断的习惯。)”，空后说“It also involves acknowledging that even experts must
live with a substantial degree of uncertainty.(它还包括承认，即使是专家也必须生活在很大程度的不确定性
中。)”，空格处应说“它包括什么”，E选项“This includes judging which expertise to “trust” and defending
such choices.(这包括判断应该“信任”哪些专业知识，并为这些选择辩护。)”说明这包括了什么，和空后的
“它还包括”相对应，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
Ⅳ. Summary Writing
71.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
(2023届上海市普陀区高三上学期一模)
Graduates Turn to Teaching
China has witnessed a 66-fold increase in the number of applicants for teaching qualification tests over the
past decade, and experts say the popularity has mainly been driven by more graduates chasing stable jobs.
According to the latest figures from the Ministry of Education, the number of applicants for teaching exams each
year has grown from 172,000 to 11.44 million in the past decade.
Experts said the sharp increase corresponds with the increase in teachers’ salaries and status within society,
and it is expected to bring about an overall improvement in quality teaching. However, another big reason for the
enthusiasm for teaching posts is that the challenging and complicated employment situation is driving graduates
toward stable jobs such as working as teachers and government officials.
Chu Zhaohui, a senior researcher at the National Institute of Education Sciences, said the popularity of
teaching posts is closely associated with people’s changing perception of the economic situation, job stability and
security, which are major concerns for graduates.
In view of the coronavirus epidemic in recent years, many college graduates just want a stable job, so teaching
suddenly becomes a very popular profession, and many students from well-known universities have joined the
competition. Of course, everyone has their own ideas. Take Wang Lin for example. Wang Lin, who graduated from
a famous university, said she had wanted to be a history teacher since middle school, inspired by her own history
teacher. She added she had a good impression of her teachers from an early age and was grateful to those who hadtaught her. In fact, there are many such cases.
While passing the teaching qualification test is the first step to becoming a teacher in China, landing a post at
schools in big cities can be very competitive.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】China has witnessed a tremendous increase in the number of applicants for teaching qualification tests
over the past decade. The sharp increase is expected to bring about an overall improvement in quality teaching.
What’s more practical reason is the challenging and complicated employment situation. Passing the teaching
qualification test is the first step to becoming a teacher in China.
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，在过去的十年里，中国参加教师资格考试的人数有了巨大的增
长。预计这一急剧增长将带来教学质量的全面提高。更现实的原因是就业形势的挑战和复杂。在中国，通
过教师资格考试是成为一名教师的第一步。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①China has witnessed a 66-fold increase in the number of applicants for teaching qualification tests over the past
decade, and experts say the popularity has mainly been driven by more graduates chasing stable jobs.
②Experts said the sharp increase corresponds with the increase in teachers’ salaries and status within society, and it
is expected to bring about an overall improvement in quality teaching.
③However, another big reason for the enthusiasm for teaching posts is that the challenging and complicated
employment situation is driving graduates toward stable jobs such as working as teachers and government officials.
④While passing the teaching qualification test is the first step to becoming a teacher in China, landing a post at
schools in big cities can be very competitive.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
China has witnessed a tremendous increase in the number of applicants for teaching qualification tests over the past
decade.
The sharp increase is expected to bring about an overall improvement in quality teaching.
What’s more practical reason is the challenging and complicated employment situation.Passing the teaching qualification test is the first step to becoming a teacher in China.
【点睛】[高分句型1] What’s more practical reason is the challenging and complicated employment situation.运
用主语从句对原文第二段进行了概括。
[高分句型2] Passing the teaching qualification test is the first step to becoming a teacher in China.用动名词作主
语对最后一段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
Ⅴ. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
(2023届上海市松江区高三上学期一模)
72. 清晨，窗外鸟儿的歌声将她从熟睡中唤醒。(wake)(汉译英)
【答案】In the morning, the birds’ singing / chirping outside the window(s) woke / wakes her (up) from a deep /
sound sleep.
【解析】考查动名词，动词短语，时态、介词短语。“清晨”表达为 in the morning，介词短语作时间状
语；“窗外”表达为outside the window(s) ，介词短语修饰主语“鸟儿的歌声”，作定语；“鸟儿的歌
声”表达为the birds’ singing或the birds’ chirping，动名词作主语；“熟睡”表达为名词短语a deep sleep或
a sound sleep；“将……从……中唤醒”表达为wake sb. (up) from ...。根据中文提示，谓语动词若陈述过去
的动作，谓语动词应用一般过去时，故此处应用 wake的过去式woke，若该动作为经常发生的动作，则用
一般现在时态，主语为“鸟儿的歌声”，为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式 wakes。故翻译为：In
the morning, the birds’ singing / chirping outside the window(s) woke / wakes her (up) from a deep / sound sleep.
73. 学点经济学常识，这样你就不会对这一社会现象感到云里雾里了。(and) (汉译英)
【答案】Learn some common knowledge in economics, and you won’t be confused about this social phenomenon.
【解析】考查“祈使句+and+含有一般将来时 的陈述句”。表示“学”应用动词learn；表示“一点经济学
常识”应用some common knowledge in economics；表示“……，这样你就（不）会……”可以使用“祈使
句+and+含有一般将来时的陈述句”这个句型结构，即Learn some common knowledge in economics, and you
will/won’t…；表示“对……感到云里雾里”用短语be confused about；表示“这一社会现象”用短语this
social phenomenon。故翻译为Learn some common knowledge in economics, and you won’t be confused about
this social phenomenon.
74. 虽然我抱怨他碍手碍脚，但他毫不计较，还是心甘情愿地帮我收拾厨房。(notice) (汉译英)【答案】Though I complained that he was getting in my way, he took no notice and helped me clean (up) the
kitchen willingly / was (most / very) willing to help me clean (up) the kitchen.
【解析】考查让步状语从句。表示“抱怨”用动词complain；表示“碍手碍脚”用短语get in one’s way；
表示“毫不在意”用短语take no notice；表示“心甘情愿”可用willing, 也可用短语be willing to do sth; 分
析句意可知，抱怨他碍手碍脚是过去习惯性的动作，本句要用过去式进行时，用though引导让步状语从
句，且后面不能用but；故翻译为Though I complained that he was getting in my way, he took no notice and
helped me clean (up) the kitchen willingly / was (most / very) willing to help me clean (up) the kitchen.
75. 在和交换生沟通时，务必要真诚，也要考虑他们的文化背景，以免产生误会。(sure) (汉译英)
【答案】When you communicate/When communicating with exchange students, be sure to be sincere and take
their cultural background into consideration in case misunderstandings arise/emerge/happen.
【解析】考查祈使句和状语从句。句子是描述一般的情况，应用一般现在时，“和……沟通”使用动词短
语communicate with，“交换生”译为exchange students，“在和交换生沟通时”用when引导时间状语从
句，译为when you communicate with exchange students，也可使用现在进行时when you are communicating
with exchange students，状语从句的主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词，可将从句的主语和be动词省
略，即when communicating with exchange students；“务必要”使用固定短语be sure to do sth，“真诚”使
用形容词sincere，“考虑”使用动词短语take...into consideration，“文化背景”译为cultural background，
此处使用祈使句，用动词原形开头，即 be sure to be sincere and take their cultural background into
consideration；“以免”使用in case引导目的状语从句，“误会”使用名词复数 misunderstandings，“产
生”使用动词 arise/emerge/happen，即in case misunderstandings arise/emerge/happen，综上，故翻译为：
When you communicate/When communicating with exchange students, be sure to be sincere and take their cultural
background into consideration in case misunderstandings arise/emerge/happen.。
Ⅵ. Guided Writing
(2022-2023学年上海市杨浦区高三上学期一模)
75.Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in
Chinese.
假设你是明启中学学生李华，你校英语广播站计划在每周五中午开设名为“Talk and Talk”的栏目，目
前正在招募主持人。请给广播站负责人 Mr. Li写一封信，应聘这一岗位。信中需包含以下内容：
1)应聘的理由;
2)专栏内容的策划。____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mr. Li,
I noticed in today’s school newspaper that you were looking for people to be a host of the program named
“Talk and Talk”. So I’m writing to say I’d like to apply the position. Here is a brief introduction of myself.
First of all, I am an outgoing person with strong cooperation ability. Secondly, I am very good at English. I can
speak fluent spoken English. Finally, and I think this is the most important point, I have relevant experience as a
presenter, which will greatly assist me in this position.
Of course, I have my own ideas about “Talk and Talk”. In my opinion, we can invite and interview some
excellent students to set a good example for students.
Sincerely, if this position is offered to me, I will devote all my wisdom and efforts to it. Looking forward to
your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给校英语广播站写一封申请信，应聘“Talk and Talk”的栏目
的主持人。信中包括以下内容：应聘的理由；专栏内容的策划。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：first of all→first and foremost
此外：secondly→ what’s more
我认为：I think→as far as I am concerned
喜欢：sincerely→ genuinely
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Of course, I have my own ideas about “Talk and Talk”. In my opinion, we can invite and interview some
excellent students to set a good example for students.
拓展句：Of course, I have my own ideas about “Talk and Talk” that we can invite and interview some excellent
students to set a good example for students.【点睛】【高分句型1】I noticed in today’s school newspaper that you were looking for people to be a host of
the program named “Talk and Talk”.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】 I have relevant experience as a presenter, which will greatly assist me in this position.（运用了
which引导的非限制性定语从句）
