文档内容
Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature
课时 1 Section A 1a-1d 分层作业
核心知识速记 01 基础达标 02 能力提升 03 拓展培优 0 4 思维进阶
词汇
wonder n. 奇观；惊叹 v. 琢磨；想知道 measurement n. 数量；测量
square kilometre n. 平方千米 below prep./adv. 在……下面；低于
level n. 高度；水平；程度 surface n. 表面；表层
highest adj. 最高的 biggest adj. 最大的
lowest adj. 最低的 deepest adj. 最深的
desert n. 沙漠 trench n. 海沟
短语
Mount Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰 Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠
Dead Sea 死海 Mariana Trench 马里亚纳海沟
Nile River 尼罗河 Angel Falls 安赫尔瀑布
below sea level 低于海平面 ... metres high 高……米
... square kilometres in size 面积……平方千米 ... metres deep 深……米
in the world 在世界上 on earth 在地球上
in the ocean 在海洋里
句型
1. 询问自然奇观特征的句型
What's the highest mountain in the world?世界上最高的山是什么？
How high is it?它有多高？
What's the biggest desert in the world?世界上最大的沙漠是什么？
How big is it?它有多大？
What's the lowest place on earth? 地球上最低的地方是哪里？
How low is it? 它有多低？Where's the deepest point in the ocean? 海洋中最深的地方在哪里？
How deep is it? 它有多深？
2. 描述自然奇观特征的句型
It's 8,848.86 metres high. 它有8848.86米高。
It's about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size. 它的面积大约是9,000,000平方千米。
Its surface is 416 metres below sea level. 它的表面低于海平面416米。
It's about 11,000 metres deep. 它大约有11,000米深。
It's the highest mountain in the world. 它是世界上最高的山。
It's the biggest desert in the world. 它是世界上最大的沙漠。
It's the lowest place on earth. 它是地球上最低的地方。
It's the deepest point in the ocean. 它是海洋中最深的地方。
一、单词默写。
1. ______ /ˈwʌndə(r)/ n. 奇观 v. 想知道 2. ______ /ˈmeʒəmənt/ n. 数量；测量
3. ______ /bɪˈləʊ/ prep./adv. 在……下面 4. ______ /ˈlevl/ n. 高度；水平
5. ______ /ˈsɜːfɪs/ n. 表面；表层 6. 最高的 ______
7. 最大的 ______ 8. 最低的 ______
9. 最深的 ______ 10. 平方千米 ______
二、词组默写。
1. 珠穆朗玛峰 ______ 2. 撒哈拉沙漠 ______
3. 死海 ______ 4. 马里亚纳海沟 ______
5. 低于海平面 ______ 6. 高……米 ______
7. 面积……平方千米 ______ 8. 深……米 ______
9. 在世界上 ______ 10. 在地球上 ______
11. 在海洋里 ______ 12. 尼罗河 ______
13. 安赫尔瀑布 ______
三、根据要求完成句子
1. 世界上最高的山是什么？
What's the ______ mountain ______ ______ ______?
2. 它有多高？
______ ______ is it?
3. 它有8848.86米高。
It's 8,848.86 ______ ______.4. 世界上最大的沙漠是什么？
What's the ______ desert ______ ______ ______?
5. 它的面积大约是9,000,000平方千米。
It's ______ 9,000,000 ______ ______ in size.
6. 地球上最低的地方是哪里？
What's the ______ ______ ______ ______?
7. 它的表面低于海平面416米。
______ ______ is 416 metres ______ ______ ______.
8. 海洋中最深的地方在哪里？
Where's the ______ ______ ______ ______ ______?
9. 它大约有11,000米深。
It's ______ 11,000 ______ ______.
四、请根据所给的首字母写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。
1. Mount Qomolangma is the h________ mountain in the world.
2. The Sahara is the b________ desert in the world.
3. The Dead Sea is the l________ place on earth.
4. The Mariana Trench is the d________ point in the ocean.
5. The Nile is one of the longest r________ in the world.
6. We can m________ the height of a mountain in metres.
7. The s________ of the Dead Sea is far below sea l________.
8. Angel Falls is an amazing natural w________.
五 、同义句转换。
1. How tall is Mount Qomolangma?
What is the ________ ________ Mount Qomolangma?
2. What is the largest desert on earth?
Which desert is the ________ ________?
3. The depth of the Mariana Trench is about 11,000 metres.
The Mariana Trench is about 11,000 metres ________.
4. The Dead Sea is 416 metres lower than sea level.
The ________ of the Dead Sea is 416 metres ________ sea level.
5. What's the highest point in the world?
Which is the ________ ________ in the world?
六 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Mount Qomolangma is the ________ (high) mountain in the world.
2. The Sahara is much ________ (big) than any other desert.
3. The Dead Sea has the ________ (low) surface on earth.4. The Mariana Trench is the ________ (deep) place in the ocean.
5. Scientists make accurate ________ (measure) of these natural wonders.
6. The ________ (surface) of the Dead Sea is 416 metres below sea level.
7. Angel Falls is one of the most beautiful ________ (wonder) in nature.
8. The Nile River flows through several ________ (Africa) countries.
七、选词填空。
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限
用一次。
call; around; visit; way; one; high; remember; boat; beautiful; brave
The world’s highest uninterrupted waterfall—Angel Falls
The best way to reach the Angel Falls is to take a plane. You can also get there by 1 in the rainy season.
There is no 2 leading you to the bottom of the Angel Falls. Besides the Angel Falls, there are rainforests.
The waterfall is about 979 metres 3 . It is the highest uninterrupted waterfall in the world. An American
pilot 4 James Angel was the first person to fly over the falls. To 5 him, people called the waterfall the
Angel Falls.
You can see 6 rainbows and many kinds of nice birds 7 the Angel Falls. The waterfall is also a
famous filming location. The wonderful waterfall in the 3-D film Up is just the Angel Falls.
Every year, many people all around the world visit the Angel Falls, but only a few 8 people can get the
full view of the waterfall. Everyone who takes the plane to 9 the Angel Falls can get a certificate (证书)
printed with “the brave explorer”. Do you want to get 10 ?
八、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次 ,有一个选
项 多余。
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, known as “the roof of the world”, is the highest plateau in the world. 1
Though the weather conditions are not the same in different areas of the plateau, they have something in
common (有共同之处). 2 The sunshine is strong and the temperature is low. It helps stop the cold wind from
North Asia coming into South Asia.
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is famous for its beautiful view. 3 Mount Qomolangma stands on the south-
west of the plateau. Besides, both the Yellow River and the Yangtze River start there and run towards the east. The
plateau has rich natural resources (自然资源). 4 _ Many of them can be used as Chinese medicine (中药).
With new technology, the plateau has been developing fast these years. In 2019, Chinese government helped
build a 5G base station on the plateau. 5 In 2023, the Fuxing high-speed train series began to run on the Qinghai-
Xizang Railway. It can travel fast, cutting down the travel time.
根据短文内容，从下面五个选项中选择合适的选项还原到文中。A．The air is usually dry and thin (稀薄的).
B．There are all kinds of wild plants.
C．It covers an area of about 2.5 million square kilometers.
D．The 5G service made the local people’s life much easier.
E．It shows a large picture of snow mountains, green forests, wide grasslands, running goats and flying birds.
九、阅读理解。
(A)
①Do you know Dongting Lake? It’s a famous lake in Hunan, China. It covers about 2,625 square kilometers.
②Dongting Lake is so beautiful. Many famous people, like Li Bai and Liu Yuxi, wrote poems (诗) about
Dongting Lake. The best time to visit it is from March to October.
③Dongting Lake keeps the water from the Yangtze River. When it’s summer, there is a lot of rain. Water in the
Yangtze River flows (流入) into Dongting Lake. It can protect the land and people. So the water in the lake in
summer is more than that in winter.
④Dongting Lake provides us with plenty of fish every year. There are 140 kinds of fish living in the lake.
⑤If you have time, please come and have a visit to Dongting Lake.
1．How does the writer start the text?
A．By giving an example. B．By listing numbers.
C．By asking a question. D．By showing facts.
2．When is the best time to visit Dongting Lake?
A．In January. B．In April. C．In November. D．In December.
3．What can we learn from the text?
A．Dongting Lake is in Hubei.
B．There are many famous poems about Dongting Lake.
C．The water in Dongting Lake in winter is more than that in summer.
D．There are 117 kinds of plants living in Dongting Lake.
4．What is the structure of this text?
A． B． C． D．
(B)
The Yangtze River
It is the longest river in Asia, about 6,300 kilometers long. It flows through many provinces in China,
providing water for millions of people. There is a lot of beautiful scenery (风景) along the river, such as the Three
Gorges.
The Danube River
It is the second longest river in Europe, with a length of about 2,850 kilometers. It runs through ten countries.It is an important waterway for transportation (运输) and tourism.
The Mekong River
It is about 4,909 kilometers long. It starts from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and flows through six countries. It is
rich in water resources and plays an important role in the agriculture (农业) of the countries along it.
1．How many rivers does the text mention (提到)?
A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4.
2．How long is the Yangtze River?
A．About 2,850 kilometers. B．About 4,909 kilometers.
C．About 6,300 kilometers. D．About 7,870 kilometers.
3．_________ runs through the most countries according to the text.
A．The Yangtze River B．The Danube River
C．The Mekong River D．The Amazon River
十、任务型阅读。
The Amazon River is in South America. It is 6,440 kilometers long and is the second longest river in the
world. The Amazon River begins in the high mountains of Peru (秘鲁). It then crosses over into Brazil (巴西).
Most of the Amazon is in Brazil. Finally, it ends in the Atlantic Ocean. It has more water than any other river in the
world.
Along the river are some of the wettest places in the world. They are called the Amazon Rainforest. It is the
largest rainforest in the world. It covers five and a half million square kilometers of the Amazon Basin and spreads
across eight countries. In the rainforest, there are many animals that are very different from the ones in China.
Many special plants in it can be made into medicine to help people. However, many living things lose their homes
because people cut down many trees. As a result, there are fewer animals, birds and insects in the forests.
1．How long is the Amazon River? (不超过5个词)
________________________________________________________.
2．How do many special plants in the Amazon Rainforest help people? (不超过10个词)
________________________________________________________.
3．What can we do to protect the Amazon Rainforest? Please give an example. (不超过15个词)
________________________________________________________.
十一、完形填空。
The natural world is full of amazing wonders. The Sahara Desert is 1 biggest desert in the world. It covers a
huge area and you can see sand 2 as far as the eye can see. The Dead Sea is a special salt lake. It’s about 430
meters 3 sea level, and no fish can live in it. The Mariana Trench is the 4 point on earth. Deep-sea researchers 5
hard to study it and they have 6 many unusual deep-sea animals there.
The Amazon Rainforest is called “the lungs of the earth”. It has the largest variety of plants and animals in the
world. We must 7 it because it’s very important to our earth. Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.
Many climbers 8 their lives to climb it. The Chinese climbing team first 9 the top in 1960. They showedhuman curiosity and ambition.
These natural wonders are precious. We should 10 them and learn more about them.
1．A．a B．an C．the D．/
2．A．stretching B．running C．rushing D．traveling
3．A．above B．below C．on D．in
4．A．deepest B．highest C．biggest D．longest
5．A．work B．works C．worked D．working
6．A．find B．found C．will find D．are finding
7．A．protect B．research C．measure D．reach
8．A．risk B．risks C．risked D．risking
9．A．reached B．climbed C．measured D．Located
10.A．pay attention to B．connect with C．note down D．look for
Nature's Extremes and Human Exploration
Part 1: Read and Explore
Nature is full of extremes that both challenge and inspire us. Mount Qomolangma, the highest point on earth,
has attracted climbers for decades. The highest mountain in the world stands at 8,848.86 metres, where the air is
thin and temperatures can drop below -60°C. Climbers spend months preparing for this journey, knowing that
reaching the summit is both a physical and mental challenge.
On the opposite extreme lies the Dead Sea, the lowest place on earth. Its surface sits at 416 metres below sea
level. The water here is so salty that people can float easily on its surface. While Qomolangma challenges human
limits, the Dead Sea offers healing properties—its mineral-rich mud is used for skin treatments.
Deep in the Pacific Ocean is the Mariana Trench, the deepest point in the ocean, reaching about 11,000
metres deep. The pressure here is over 1,000 times greater than at sea level. Only specially designed submarines
can reach these depths, where strange and unique sea creatures live in complete darkness.
Finally, covering northern Africa is the Sahara Desert, the biggest desert in the world, spanning about
9,000,000 square kilometres. Despite its harsh conditions—extreme heat and little water—people have adapted to
live here for centuries, developing unique cultures and survival skills.
These natural wonders show us the incredible diversity of our planet. They remind us that even in the most
extreme conditions, life finds a way, and humans continue to explore and learn from nature's boundaries.
Task 1: Reading Comprehension
1. What is mentioned as the main challenge for climbers on Mount Qomolangma?
A) The water is too salty.
B) The thin air and extremely low temperatures.
C) There are too many tourists.
D) It's too close to the sea.
2. What special feature does the Dead Sea have?A) It has the highest mountain nearby.
B) Its water allows people to float easily due to high salt content.
C) It is the deepest point in the ocean.
D) It is the hottest place on earth.
3. Why can only special submarines reach the Mariana Trench?
A) Because it's too shallow.
B) Because the water is too warm.
C) Because of the extremely high pressure.
D) Because there are too many sea creatures.
4. What does the article suggest about people living in the Sahara Desert?
A) They cannot survive there.
B) They have developed unique cultures and survival skills.
C) They all live in modern cities.
D) They are planning to leave soon.
Task 2: 简单任务 (Simplified Tasks)
Based on the passage, complete the mind map table .
自 然 奇 观 Natural 特征与描述 Features & Description
Wonder
1. Mountain Extreme _______________
2. Desert Extreme _______________
3. Sea Level Extreme _______________
4. Ocean Depth Extreme _______________
Task Three: Real-Life Connection - "Your Local Extreme"
The article describes extreme natural landscapes on earth. Around you, there might also be special natural or man-
made landmarks.
Please complete the following two steps:
1. Identify & Describe 识别与描述
Think about your city or region. What is the "most" thing there? (e.g., the tallest building, the longest river, the
oldest tree, the biggest park, the deepest lake).
· The "most" thing in my area is:
我所在地区最______________的是： ________________ (e.g., the tallest building)
· Its key feature/measurement is:
它的关键特征/数据是： ________________ (e.g., It is 450 metres tall.)
2. Compare & Contrast 比较与对比
Compare your local "extreme" with one from the article. Write two sentences: one similarity and one difference.
· Similarity (相同点): Both ________________ and ________________ are amazing natural/man-made wonders.
(Both 后填你当地的景观和文章中的一个景观)
· Difference (不同点): However, ________________ while ________________.
