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Unit 1 Helping at home 知识清单
2025-2026 学年人教版英语(2024)四年级上册
内容导航
一、词汇清单
二、重点短语清单
三、词汇详解
四、重点句子详解
五、重点语法精讲
六、通关练习
一、词汇清单
三
会/四
序号 单词 音标 词性 中文释义 会
1 PE /ˌpiː ˈiː/ 缩写词 体育(课) 三会
2 job /dʒɒb/ 名词 工作;职业 四会
3 doctor /ˈdɒktə(r)/ 名词 医生 四会
4 farmer /ˈfɑːmə(r)/ 名词 农场主;农民 四会
5 worker /ˈwɜːkə(r)/ 名词 工人 四会
6 nurse /nɜːs/ 名词 护士 四会
7 office /ˈɒfɪs ˈwɜːkə(r)/ 名词短语 公司职员 三会
worker
8 factory /ˈfæktri ˈwɜːkə(r)/ 名词短语 工厂工人 三会
worker
9 busy /ˈbɪzi/ 形容词 忙碌的 四会
10 tired /ˈtaɪərd/ 形容词 疲倦的 三会
11 chore /tʃɔː(r)/ 名词 家庭杂务 三会
12 cook /kʊk/ 动词/名词 烹饪;煮/厨师 四会
13 clean /kliːn/ 动词/形容词 打扫/干净的 四会
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01三
会/四
序号 单词 音标 词性 中文释义 会
14 room /ruːm/ 名词 房间 四会
15 also /ˈɔːlsəʊ/ 副词 也 三会
16 look after /lʊk ˈɑːftə(r)/ 动词短语 照顾 四会
17 sweep /swiːp/ 动词 扫 四会
18 floor /flɔː(r)/ 名词 地板;地面 四会
19 together /təˈɡeðə(r)/ 副词 在一起;共同 四会
20 fun /fʌn/ 名词 享乐;乐趣 三会
21 helpful /ˈhelpfl/ 形容词 有帮助的;有用的 四会
22 people /ˈpiːpl/ 名词 人;人们 四会
23 child /tʃaɪld/ 名词 儿童;小孩(复数: 四会
children /ˈtʃɪldrən/)
二、重点短语清单
序号 短语 中文释义 例句/用法
help at home 在家帮忙 We can learn to help at home by doing chores.
2 family activities 家庭活动 Talk about your favorite family activities, like
cooking.
3 do some chores 做一些家务活 Mum is busy, so I do some chores like
cleaning.
4 clean the room 打扫房间 I often clean the room on weekends.
5 look after 照顾 Can you look after my pet dog today?
6 sweep the floor 扫地 He helps his grandma sweep the floor every
day.
7 cook for the family 为家人做饭 She can cook eggs for the family.
8 have fun together 一起玩得开心 We have fun together by singing songs.
9 make a list 列清单 Lets make a list of things we can do to help.
10 help others 帮助他人 Family members should always help others.
11 look after my 照顾我的弟 I can look after my sister when my parents are
brother/sister 弟/妹妹 out.
12 do chores together 一起做家务 We do chores together to make our home clean.
三、词汇详解(15 个重点单词)
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021. job /dʒɒb/
用法讲解:名词,指具体的工作或职业,侧重“职业类型”,可数名词。
常见搭配:find a job 找工作;lose a job 失业;Whats your job? 你做什么工作?
例句:My mother has a good job as a nurse.(我妈妈有一份护士的好工作。)Whats your
fathers job? Hes a farmer.(你爸爸做什么工作?他是农民。)
2. doctor /ˈdɒktə(r)/
用法讲解:名词,指从事医疗工作的专业人员,可用于询问职业或介绍身份,可数名词。
常见搭配:see a doctor 看医生;a doctors office 医生办公室;become a doctor 成为医生
例句:The doctor helps sick people every day.(医生每天帮助病人。)Her aunt is a doctor in a
hospital.(她姑姑是医院的医生。)
3. farmer /ˈfɑːmə(r)/
用法讲解:名词,指经营农场或从事农业生产的人,可数名词。
常见搭配:a hard - working farmer 勤劳的农民;on a farmers farm 在农场主的农场里
例句:The farmer grows many vegetables and fruits.(这位农民种了很多蔬菜和水果。)His
grandfather was a farmer all his life.(他爷爷一生都是农民。)
4. worker /ˈwɜːkə(r)/
用法讲解:名词,泛指从事各种工作的人,可与其他词组合表示不同职业(如 office worker,
factory worker),可数名词。
常见搭配:factory worker 工厂工人;office worker 公司职员;model worker 劳动模范
例句:My uncle is a factory worker. He works very hard.(我叔叔是工厂工人,他工作很努
力。)There are many workers in the factory.(工厂里有很多工人。)
5. nurse /nɜːs/
用法讲解:名词,指在医院里照顾病人的护士,可数名词。
常见搭配:a nurse uniform 护士服;nurse station 护士站;head nurse 护士长
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03例句:The nurse gives the patient medicine.(护士给病人吃药。)My sister wants to be a nurse
when she grows up.(我妹妹长大后想当护士。)
6. cook /kʊk/
用法讲解:动词,意为“烹饪、煮”,强调动作;也可作名词,指“厨师”,可数名词。
常见搭配:cook dinner 做晚餐;cook for the family 为家人做饭;a good cook 一位好厨师
例句:He can cook delicious noodles.(他会煮美味的面条。)My mother is a great cook.(我
妈妈是个很棒的厨师。)
7. clean /kliːn/
用法讲解:动词,意为“打扫”,表示动作;形容词,意为“干净的”,描述状态。
常见搭配:clean the house 打扫房子;keep clean 保持干净;clean and tidy 干净整洁
例句:I need to clean my bedroom today.(今天我需要打扫我的卧室。)The classroom is clean
because we clean it every day.(教室很干净,因为我们每天打扫。)
8. look after
用法讲解:动词短语,意为“照顾、照料”,后接人或物,相当于take care of。
常见搭配:look after sb. well 好好照顾某人;look after pets 照顾宠物;look after the old 照
顾老人
例句:Can you look after my baby for a while?(你能帮我照顾一下宝宝吗?)He looks after
his pet cat carefully.(他细心照顾他的宠物猫。)
9. sweep /swiːp/
用法讲解:动词,意为“扫、清扫”,过去式为swept,强调用扫帚等清扫地面。
常见搭配:sweep the floor 扫地;sweep the room 打扫房间;sweep away 扫走
例句:She sweeps the floor every morning after getting up.(她每天早上起床后扫地。)The
wind swept the leaves into a pile.(风把树叶扫成一堆。)
10. floor /flɔː(r)/
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04用法讲解:名词,意为“地板;地面”,指房间的地面,可数名词;也可表示“楼层”(美
语中常用floor表示楼层)。
常见搭配:clean the floor 擦地板;on the floor 在地板上;the first floor 一楼(英式)/二楼
(美式)
例句:There is a book on the floor. Please pick it up.(地板上有一本书,请捡起来。)Our
classroom is on the third floor.(我们的教室在三楼。)
11. together /təˈɡeðə(r)/
用法讲解:副词,意为“在一起;共同”,表示多人或事物一起做某事。
常见搭配:work together 一起工作;play together 一起玩;live together 住在一起
例句:We study together and help each other.(我们一起学习,互相帮助。)The family often
has dinner together.(这家人经常一起吃晚餐。)
12. helpful /ˈhelpfl/
用法讲解:形容词,意为“有帮助的、有用的”,常用于描述人或事物对他人有帮助。
常见搭配:be helpful to sb. 对某人有帮助;a helpful suggestion 有用的建议;helpful books
有帮助的书籍
例句:This tool is very helpful for fixing the bike.(这个工具对修自行车很有帮助。)He is a
helpful student and often helps teachers carry books.(他是个乐于助人的学生,经常帮老师搬
书。)
13. people /ˈpiːpl/
用法讲解:名词,意为“人;人们”,是集合名词,本身表示复数概念,不能加-s。
常见搭配:many people 许多人;people around us 我们周围的人;help people 帮助人们
例句:There are a lot of people in the park on weekends.(周末公园里有很多人。)We should
be kind to the people around us.(我们应该对周围的人友好。)
14. child /tʃaɪld/
用法讲解:名词,意为“儿童、小孩”,复数形式为children,可数名词。
常见搭配:a child star 童星;childrens day 儿童节;take care of children 照顾孩子
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05例句:The child is playing with a toy car.(那个小孩在玩玩具汽车。)There are twenty
children in the class.(班里有二十个孩子。)
15. busy /ˈbɪzi/
用法讲解:形容词,意为“忙碌的”,常用于描述人或事物处于繁忙状态。
常见搭配:be busy with sth. 忙于某事;be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事;a busy day 忙碌的一
天
例句:My parents are busy with their work every day.(我父母每天都忙于工作。)She is busy
cleaning the house.(她正忙着打扫房子。)
四、重点句子详解
1. Can you help? Yes, I can. I can clean my room.
句型结构:一般疑问句 “Can + 主语 + 动词原形?” 肯定回答 “Yes, 主语 + can.” 后接
具体能做的事。
用法讲解:“can” 表示能力,用于询问对方是否能做某事,回答时直接用 “can” 或
“cant”。
例句扩展:Can he sweep the floor? Yes, he can.(他会扫地吗?是的,他会。)
2. Can she help? Yes, she can. She can do some chores.
句型结构:同上,主语为第三人称单数 “she”,回答时保持主语一致。
用法讲解:“do some chores” 是固定短语,“chores” 指各种家庭杂务,常用复数形式。
例句扩展:Can your sister do some chores? Yes, she can wash the dishes.(你妹妹会做家务吗?
是的,她会洗碗。)
3. Can he help? Yes, he can. He can sweep the floor.
句型结构:主语为第三人称单数 “he”,重点练习 “can” 用于第三人称的用法。
用法讲解:“sweep the floor” 强调具体的家务动作,与 “clean the room” 等短语并列学习。
例句扩展:Can your brother sweep the floor? No, he cant. But he can clean the desk.(你哥哥会
扫地吗?不会,但他会擦桌子。)
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064. Can we help? Yes, we can. Thats for sure.
句型结构:主语为第一人称复数 “we”,“Thats for sure.” 表示“那是肯定的”,加强肯定
语气。
用法讲解:用于询问包括自己在内的多人是否能帮忙,回答时用 “we can”,体现团队合
作。
例句扩展:Can we help you carry the books? Yes, we can. Thats for sure.(我们能帮你搬书吗?
是的,当然可以。)
5. You have a big family. Is this your father? Yes, it is. Hes a PE teacher.
句型结构:前句陈述事实,后句一般疑问句询问身份,回答用 “Yes/No, it is/isnt.”,后接职
业。
用法讲解:“PE teacher” 表示体育老师,“it” 在此指照片或图片中的人,用于不确定性别
时。
例句扩展:Is this your mother? Yes, it is. Shes a nurse.(这是你妈妈吗?是的,她是护士。)
6. Whats your mothers job? Shes a doctor.
句型结构:核心职业询问句型,“Whats + 形容词性物主代词/名词所有格 + job?” 回答用职
业名词。
用法讲解:注意 “mothers” 是名词所有格,表示“妈妈的”,用于修饰 “job”。
例句扩展:Whats your uncles job? Hes a factory worker.(你叔叔做什么工作?他是工厂工
人。)
7. Doctors are great! My father is a doctor too.
句型结构:前句评价职业,后句用 “too” 表示“也”,说明父亲职业与前文一致。
用法讲解:“too” 用于肯定句末尾,前面用逗号隔开,表示“也”,区别于 “also”(用于
句中)。
例句扩展:Nurses are kind! My sister is a nurse too.(护士很善良!我姐姐也是护士。)
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078. Mum and Dad are busy and tired. What can we do for them? We can do
some chores.
句型结构:前句描述父母状态,中间提出问题,后句用 “can” 给出建议,体现家庭责任
感。
用法讲解:“busy and tired” 并列形容词,描述忙碌疲倦的状态,“do chores” 是解决办法。
例句扩展:My grandparents are old. What can I do for them? I can look after them.(我祖父母年
纪大了,我能为他们做什么?我可以照顾他们。)
9. I can clean the room. We can also cook.
句型结构:两个 “can” 句子并列,“also” 表示“也”,补充说明另一件能做的事。
用法讲解:“also” 用于句中,位于情态动词 “can” 之后,实义动词之前,强调额外的能
力。
例句扩展:She can sweep the floor. She can also clean the window.(她会扫地,也会擦窗
户。)
10. I can look after my sister. We sweep the floor. We cook together. We have
fun.
句型结构:多个简单句并列,分别描述能做的事和家庭活动,体现家庭互动。
用法讲解:“look after” 照顾,“sweep the floor” 扫地,“cook together” 一起做饭,“have
fun” 玩得开心,都是重点短语。
例句扩展:He can look after his brother. They play games. They watch TV together.(他会照顾
弟弟,他们一起玩游戏、看电视。)
11. I am a big boy now. I can sweep the floor. I can cook. I can look after
Sally too!
句型结构:用 “now” 强调现在的能力,多个 “I can” 句子并列,突出成长和责任感。
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08用法讲解:“too” 用于句末,再次强调“也能”,增强语气,展示自己能做的多项家务。
例句扩展:She is a big girl now. She can wash her clothes. She can tidy her bed. She can help her
parents too!(她现在是大女孩了,她会洗自己的衣服、整理床铺,也能帮助父母!)
12. Whats the mothers job? She is a nurse. What can the boy do? He can
sweep the floor and look after his sister.
句型结构:前两问分别询问职业和能力,回答时结合具体信息,巩固重点句型。
用法讲解:通过问答形式,综合运用 “Whats...job?” 和 “What can...do?” 两个核心句型。
例句扩展:Whats the fathers job? He is a worker. What can the girl do? She can cook and clean the
room.(爸爸做什么工作?他是工人。女孩能做什么?她会做饭和打扫房间。)
五、重点语法精讲
(一)情态动词 “can” 的用法
用法
分类 结构 例句
表示 主语 + can + 动词原形 + 其他. I can clean my room.(我会打扫我的房
能力 间。) She can cook for her family.(她会为
家人做饭。)
表示 Can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 肯 Can we help you?(我们能帮助你吗?)
建 定回答:Yes, 主语 + can. 否定回 Yes, please.(好的,麻烦了。) No, thanks.
议/允 答:No, 主语 + cant. (不用了,谢谢。)
许
特殊 “can” 无人称和数的变化,后接动词 He can sweep the floor.(他会扫地。) They
用法 原形,不可接不定式或动名词。 cant play basketball today.(他们今天不能打
篮球。)
(二)名词所有格(Possessive Nouns)
s 所有格
构成:单数名词或不以-s结尾的复数名词后加 “s”。
例句:my mothers job(我妈妈的工作);the childs toy(孩子的玩具);Childrens Day
(儿童节)
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09用法:表示所属关系,“...的”,用于人或有生命的事物。
of 所有格
构成:无生命的事物用 “名词 + of + 名词”。
例句:the floor of the room(房间的地板);the job of a doctor(医生的工作)
用法:强调事物的属性或部分与整体的关系。
(三)一般现在时(Simple Present Tense)—— 职业与能力表达
用法
场景 结构 例句
询问 Whats + 形容词性物主代 Whats your fathers job?(你爸爸做什么工作?) Whats
职业 词/名词所有格 + job? her job?(她做什么工作?)
描述 主语 + be 动词 + 职业名 He is a farmer.(他是农民。) They are office workers.
职业 词. (他们是公司职员。)
描述 主语 + can + 动词原形 + I can do some chores.(我会做一些家务活。) She can
能力 其他. look after her brother.(她会照顾她弟弟。)
六、通关练习
一、词汇分类(将下列单词按词性分类)
单词:doctor, busy, cook, clean, nurse, tired, sweep, floor, helpful, worker
名词:________________________________________
动词:________________________________________
形容词:______________________________________
二、短语匹配(连线)
英文短语 中文释义
1. do some chores A. 照顾我的妹妹
2. clean the room B. 一起玩得开心
3. look after my sister C. 做一些家务活
4. have fun together D. 打扫房间
5. cook for the family E. 为家人做饭
三、语法选择(单项选择)
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0101.—What’s your mother’s job? —She’s ______ nurse.
A. a B. an C. /
2.—I can ______ the floor and cook dinner.
A. sweeping B. sweep C. sweeps
3.—My father is a factory ______. He works in a factory.
A. worker B. doctor C. farmer
4.—Can she help at home? —Yes, she ______.
A. can’t B. can C. is
5.—The child often ______ his parents do chores.
A. help B. helping C. helps
6.—What’s ______ job? —He’s an office worker.
A. your brother B. your brother’s C. you brother’s
7.—We ______ busy today. Let’s do chores tomorrow.
A. am B. is C. are
8.—She can ______ her sister and cook for her family.
A. looks after B. look after C. looking after
9.—There are many ______ in the park.
A. people B. peoples C. a people
10.—Is your father a farmer? —No, he ______. He’s a doctor.
A. isn’t B. is C. don’t
四、句型转换(根据要求改写句子)
1.—My father is a teacher.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ your father’s job?
2.—I can clean the room.(对划线部分提问)
______ can you ______?
3.—She is a nurse.(改为一般疑问句)
______ ______ a nurse?
4.—They can do some chores.(改为否定句)
They ______ do ______ chores.
5.—His mother’s job is a doctor.(同义句转换)
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011His mother ______ ______ doctor.
6.—The child can sweep the floor.(改为一般疑问句)
______ the child ______ the floor?
7.—My mother is busy.(改为否定句)
My mother ______ ______ busy.
8.—We have fun together.(用he作主语改写)
He ______ fun ______.
9.—That is a factory worker.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ that?
10.—Can you look after your sister?(作肯定回答)
______, I ______.
五、阅读理解(根据短文内容判断正“T”误“F”)
第一篇:My Helpful Family
Hello! I’m Xiao Lin. My mother is a nurse. She works in a hospital. She is very busy, but she
often cooks for us. My father is a factory worker. He is tired after work, but he always helps clean
the room. I am a big boy now. I can sweep the floor and look after my little sister, Sally. We are a
happy family!
1.( ) Xiao Lin’s mother is a doctor.
2.( ) Xiao Lin’s father works in a factory.
3.( ) Xiao Lin can sweep the floor and cook.
4.( ) Sally is Xiao Lin’s sister.
5.( ) The family helps each other at home.
第二篇:Helpful Kids
Hi! I’m Chen Jie. My family likes to help at home. My father is a doctor, but he often helps my
mother cook dinner. My mother is a teacher. She teaches English. After school, I often clean the
room and sweep the floor. My little brother can’t do chores yet, but he always plays with our dog and
makes us laugh. We think helping at home is fun!
1.( ) Chen Jie’s father is a teacher.
2.( ) Chen Jie’s mother teaches English.
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0123.( ) Chen Jie often cleans the room.
4.( ) Chen Jie’s brother can sweep the floor.
5.( ) The family thinks helping at home is boring.
六、写作(根据提示描述你的家庭)
提示:
介绍父母的职业(doctor, teacher, worker等)
你能为家人做什么(clean the room, cook, look after...)
表达对家庭的爱
参考句型:
What’s your...’s job? He/She is a...
I can...
参考答案
一、词汇分类
名词:doctor, nurse, floor, worker
动词:cook, clean, sweep
形容词:busy, tired, helpful
二、短语匹配
1—C, 2—D, 3—A, 4—B, 5—E
三、语法选择
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.A
四、句型转换
1.What is 2.What; do 3.Is she 4.can’t; any 5.is a
6.Can; sweep 7.is not 8.has; together 9.What is 10.Yes; can
五、阅读理解
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
013第一篇:1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.T
第二篇:1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.F
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014