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【暑假辅导班】
新高二英语暑假精品课程（人教版）
第17讲 选择性必修一 Unit 4 Using Language
【核心知识点讲解】
1. occupy vt. 占据; 占用
*(2020·天津高考) It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be
satisfied.
它鼓励我们占据自己的小角落, 避免愚蠢地跳进黑暗, 去满足。
*With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.
他们双手托着下巴, 专注地盯着窗外或天花板发呆。
* She is fully occupied in looking after three small children.
她忙于照料三个小孩儿。
*You keep him occupied down here while I check upstairs.
我在楼上检查时你让他在下面别闲着。
【词块记忆】
(1)be occupied in doing sth. /with sth. 忙于做某事
occupy oneself with/in doing sth. 忙于做某事; 专心于做某事
keep sb. occupied 使某人忙碌
(2)occupation n. 占用; 职业
【知识延伸】下列短语也表示“忙于做某事”:
①be engaged in doing sth.
②be busy in doing sth. /with sth.
③be buried in doing sth.
2. perceive vt. 察觉; 看待; 理解
*This discovery was perceived as a major breakthrough.
这一发现被视为一项重大突破。
*I perceived a change in his behaviour. 我注意到他举止有些改变。
*She perceived that all was not well. 她意识到并非一切都顺利。
*The patient was perceived to have difficulty in breathing.发现病人呼吸困难。
【词块记忆】
(1)perceive sb. /sth. as视为; 把……当作
(2)perceive+sb. /sth. +to be/have sth. 认为/发现……是……的
(3)perceive+that从句或what/where/who等从句
3. distinguish vi. & vt. 区分; 辨别
* She has already distinguished herself as an athlete.
作为运动员她已享有盛名。
*People who can not distinguish between colours are said to be colour-blind. 不能辨别颜色的人称为色盲。
*What was it that distinguished her from her classmates?
是什么使得她有别于班上其他同学呢?
【词块记忆】
distinguish oneself (as) (作为……)表现突出;
使自己与众不同
distinguish between. . . and. . . 区分/辨别……和……
distinguish. . . from. . . 使……有别于……; 使……具有区别于……的特征
distinguish. . . by. . . 以……为特征
4. embarrassed adj. 难堪的; 尴尬的
*What embarrassed him was that he had no idea of what was going on. 对所发生的事情一无所知, 这让他很难
堪。
*She felt embarrassed when he asked her age.
他问她的年龄时, 她感到很尴尬。
* It was so embarrassing having to sing in public.
不得不在公共场合唱歌太难为情了。
【词块记忆】
(1)embarrass v. 使尴尬; 使窘迫
(2)embarrassing adj. 令人不安的; 令人尴尬的
(3)embarrassed adj. 窘迫的; 尴尬的
be/feel embarrassed at/about 因……感到尴尬
(4)embarrassment n. 尴尬; 难堪; 惹麻烦的人或事
to one’s embarrassment 令某人尴尬的是
5. call on(短暂地)访问; 要求(某人讲话等); 正式邀请*Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher.
有些学生这样做只是因为他们害怕老师叫他们(回答问题)。
*I’m going to call on one of my former classmates.
我要去看望我的一位老同学。
*He called on the workers to fight for their rights.
他号召工人们为争取自己的权利而斗争。
*You have no experience at all to call on; you have never seen anything like this. 你完全没有任何经验可以遵循;
在这之前你也没有见过类似的情况。
6. bother vi. &vt. 费心; 麻烦; 因……操心n. 麻烦; 不便
*(2020·江苏高考) The question of what we know and do not know constantly bothered me.
我们知道什么和不知道什么的问题一直困扰着我。
* What bothers me most is the fact that he seems to take no interest in his work.
最使我伤脑筋的是, 他似乎对自己的工作毫无兴趣。
*You don’t bother to get dinner for me today; I’ll eat out.
今天不必为我准备饭了, 我要在外边吃。
* Don’t bother with/about it. 不必麻烦了。
*He has been observed to look for bother in every possible way. 人们注意到他老是千方百计地制造麻烦。
【词块记忆】
(1)bother (oneself) to do sth. /bother doing sth.
费心做某事
(2)it bothers sb. that 令某人担心/苦恼的是
(3)bother sb. about/with sth. 打扰, 烦扰
(4)look for bother找麻烦=make trouble
7. Of course, not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.
当然, 并不是每个抬头的学生都在专心听讲。
【句式解构】
“not everyone”为部分否定。不定代词all, both, every, everyone, everything, everybody, everywhere等与否
定词not, no连用时, 表示的是部分否定, 而非全部否定。
*I don’t know all of them. 我并不认识他们所有人。
*I don’t like both of the books. 这两本书我并非都喜欢。
*Not every student goes to the farm on Sunday.
周日不是每个学生都去农场。*Not everyone in our class likes football.
我们班里不是每个人都喜欢足球。
注意：全部否定
不定代词none, nobody, nothing, no one, neither等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语连用, 构成全部否定。
*I know none of them. 他们我全都不认识。
*I like neither of the books. 这两本书我一本也不喜欢。
*No student goes to the farm on Sunday.
周日没有学生去农场。
*No one/ Nobody in our class likes football.
我们班里没有人喜欢足球。
【要点拾遗】
1. stare vi. 盯着看; 凝视 n. 凝视
*With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.
他们双手托着下巴, 专注地盯着窗外或头顶上的天花板发呆。
*When he had gone I could only stare at the boxes.
他走后, 我吃惊地盯着这些盒子。
*Juliet thought as she continued to stare after him.
茱丽叶一边想, 眼光一边继续追随着那名男子。
【词块记忆】
stare out of sth. 向外凝视
stare at sb. /sth. 盯/凝视某人/某物
【易混辨析】
glance, stare, glare
这组动词都与“看”有关。
glance意为“匆匆一瞥”, 是不及物动词, 其后必须接介词at, over等才可以接宾语。
stare意为“凝视”, 它也是一个不及物动词, 其后通常接介词at才能接宾语。
glare意为“怒视; 瞪眼”, 也是不及物动词, 其后要接介词at才能接宾语。
2. distract vt. 分散(注意力); 使分心
*Don’t talk to her─she’s very easily distracted.
不要同她讲话——她的注意力很容易分散。
* It was another attempt to distract attention from the truth.
这又企图分散人们对事实真相的注意力。* I can’t let myself be distracted by those things.
我不能因为那些事情让自己分神。
【词块记忆】
(1)distract from 转移; 使从……分心
be distracted by / with 被……分散注意力
(2)distraction n. 注意力分散; 心烦意乱
3. inquire vi. &vt. 询问; 打听
*Whatever it is, I know I need to inquire and assess what is going on. 不管是什么, 我知道我需要询问和评估正
在发生的事情。
*Inspectors were appointed to inquire into the affairs of the company. 检查员被派去调查该公司的事务。
*I recommend that you inquire about the job.
我建议你打听一下这项工作
*He went to inquire for a letter at the post office.
他到邮局去查问一封信。
*I’m inquiring after any information the library might have on future city planning. 我正在查阅这家图书馆可能
保存的关于城市未来规划的任何资料。
【词块记忆】
inquire about 询问; 咨询; 打听
inquire for 询问; 要见
inquire into 调查
inquire of询问(某人); 向(某人)了解情况
inquire after 查阅; 问候
4. adjust vt. 调整; 调节vi. & vt. 适应; (使)习惯
*(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)However, we’ll adjust the influence. 不过, 我们会调整影响。
*You’ll quickly adjust yourself to student life.
你将很快适应学生生活。
*I’ve made a few minor adjustments to the seating plan.
我对座次表作了小小的调整。
【词块记忆】
(1)adjust. . . to. . . 调整……以适应……
adjust oneself to. . . 使自己适应于……
adjust to doing. . . 适应做……(2)make an adjustment/adjustments to. . .
对……作出调整
5. tendency n. 趋势; 倾向
*She has a strong natural tendency towards caution.
她天生非常小心谨慎。
*I have a tendency to talk too much when I’m nervous.
我紧张时总爱唠叨。
*People tend to think that the problem will never affect them.
人们往往认为这个问题绝不会影响到他们。
*Ambulance crews were tending to the injured.
救护车上的救护人员在照料受伤者。
【词块记忆】
(1)have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向
(2)tend vi. 往往, 趋向; 招待 vt. 照看, 护理
tend to do. . . 倾向于做……; 往往会……
tend sb. 照顾某人
【基础训练】
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1. When you think of a “life without limits” you have a (趋势, 倾向)to think that you can do
anything.
2. Even quite small aircraft (占用)a lot of space.
3. We can (察觉) his sorrow by the looks on his face.
4. At what age are children able to (分辨) between right and wrong?
5. He is (困窘)because he made a mistake.
6. Sorry to (打扰)you, but there’s a call for you on line two.
7. Try to (分心) yourself by playing mind games, choosing new running routes, or running with
other people.
8. We can thoroughly recommend the firm you (询问)about.
9. Liz (调整)her mirror and then edged the car out of its parking space.
10. Some hospital patients experience high levels of (焦虑).
Ⅱ. 用适当的介、副词填空
1. I leave junior with Mom when I’m work.2. The government called the workers to oppose waste.
3. You can adjust the belt the size you want.
4. I think I’ll ask my hairdresser to straighten the ends of my hair.
5. other words, China is now rich enough to do something about its pollution.
6. Someone allergic to milk is likely to react cheese.
7. There was a long quiet time. She stared of the window, taking all this in.
8. Never give up your hobbies while the same time, don’t forget about your study.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. I’ve never really understood .
我从未真正弄懂她为什么这么做。(make sb. tick)
2. .
并非所有的竹子都会长得高。
3. Her eyes searched his face .
她的眼睛探究着他的脸好像在寻找一些线索。
4. We need a person .
我们需要一个熟悉欧洲市场的人。
5. , they can only be excuses.
无论他给出什么理由, 都只能是借口。
IV. 阅读理解
A
Non-verbal communication is a broad term used to describe any method of conveying information without
words. Whether intentional, based on societal cues (提示), or completely unconscious, common forms of non-
verbal communication include body language and facial cues, fashion and personal clothing, hand gestures, as
well as graphical signs and design.
It is important to note that non-verbal communication is really about a lack of words, rather than a lack of
speech sounds. That means writing would be considered verbal communication while sounds like grunts (嘟哝)
would not.
Non-verbal communication can be broadly divided into relatively universal forms and culturally dependent
forms. Many facial expressions, for example, are relatively universal, with most cultures able to identify
expressions of fear, joy, or anger. On the other hand, nonverbal cues like bowing, shaking hands, or flashing a
peace sign are culturally characteristic, and therefore have little meaning outside of cultures that understand them.Fashion is a form of non-verbal communication, and in many modern cultures is a hugely important way in
which people telegraph things about themselves.
Gestures also act as a form of non-verbal communication. A wide range of hand gestures can be found in most
cultures, and in the west there are some almost universal gestures, such as a wave goodbye, a thumbs-up to show
everything is okay, or hand outspread to signify offerings.
Body language is one of the most studied forms of non-verbal communication, and deals with how the body
rests, how it is situated in relation to other bodies, and the special distance between bodies. For example, turning
towards a person when seated and speaking to them is a non-verbal cue showing interest, while turning away
shows a lack of interest. Tipping your head slightly is a form of non-verbal communication to show curiosity or
express that you are listening closely or what they are saying, while constantly looking away would show a lack of
attention.
1. What is the purpose of the author in writing the text?
A. To explain what non-verbal communication is.
B. To introduce some universal body languages.
C. To compare non-verbal cues and verbal ones.
D. To discuss the cultural shock of communication.
2. According to the author, the meaning of ______differs across cultures.
A. smiling B. grunting
C. bowing D. screaming
3. What is Paragraph 6 mainly about?
A. Body language is the most frequently studied by scientists.
B. Body language relies on body movements to convey messages.
C. Body language can be used to express your different meanings.
D. Body language varies very slightly from one country to another.
B
In the summer between my first year and second year in college, I was invited to be an instructor at a high
school camp. On the first day, when we were dancing and playing games, I noticed a boy under the tree who was
small and thin. His shyness made him appear weak. I walked towards him, introduced myself and invited him to
join in the activities and meet some new people. He quietly replied, “No, I really don’t want to do this. ” I could
understand that he was in a new world but I knew it wouldn’t be right to force him, either. Actually, the boy didn’t
need a close talk but a friend.At lunch the next day, I was leading camp songs when I saw the boy under the tree sitting alone. I tried again
with the same invitation, but he refused once again. That evening I was told the boy’s name was Tommy. Then I
asked the campers to pay special attention to the boy and spend time with him when they could.
The days went by and the time came when we had to leave. We held a big, warm party to celebrate the closing
of the camp. All the campers shared their wonderful moments. To my surprise, I found the boy dancing joyfully
with two girls under the tree. I couldn’t believe it was the same person.
In October of my second year, I received a phone call from Tommy’s mother. She told me that Tommy was hit
by a car and killed. I offered my deep sadness. The mother said, “Tommy mentioned you so many times. I want
you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence. You made a difference for Tommy
during his last months. ”
At that moment, I realized how easy it was to give a bit of yourself every day. You may never know how
much each gesture may mean to someone else. I hope that everyone can pay attention to their own “boy under the
tree”.
4. Before the writer came to the high school summer camp, he was a (n) ______.
A. instructor B. camper C. student D. reporter
5. How many times did the writer invite the boy to join in the activities?
A. Once. B. Twice.
C. Three times. D. Many times.
6. Which is the correct order about the story?
①The boy danced joyfully with two girls.
②The boy went back to school and made new friends.
③The boy refused to join in the activities.
④The boy’s mother made a phone call to the writer.
A. ①②③④ B. ②③①④
C. ③①②④ D. ④③②①
7. What’s the attitude of Tommy’s mother to the writer?
A. Thankful. B. Helpful.
C. Faithful. D. Harmful.
参考答案Ⅰ. 1. When you think of a “life without limits” you have a tendency (趋势, 倾向)to think that you can do
anything.
2. Even quite small aircraft occupy (占用)a lot of space.
3. We can perceive (察觉) his sorrow by the looks on his face.
4. At what age are children able to distinguish(分辨) between right and wrong?
5. He is embarrassed (困窘)because he made a mistake.
6. Sorry to bother (打扰)you, but there’s a call for you on line two.
7. Try to distract (分心) yourself by playing mind games, choosing new running routes, or running with other
people.
8. We can thoroughly recommend the firm you inquire (询问)about.
9. Liz adjusted (调整)her mirror and then edged the car out of its parking space.
10. Some hospital patients experience high levels of anxiety(焦虑).
Ⅱ. 1. I leave junior with Mom when I’m at work.
2. The government called on the workers to oppose waste.
3. You can adjust the belt to the size you want.
4. I think I’ll ask my hairdresser to straighten up the ends of my hair.
5. In other words, China is now rich enough to do something about its pollution.
6. Someone allergic to milk is likely to react to cheese.
7. There was a long quiet time. She stared out of the window, taking all this in.
8. Never give up your hobbies while at the same time, don’t forget about your study.
Ⅲ. 1. I’ve never really understood what makes her tick.
2. Not all bamboo grows tall.
3. Her eyes searched his face as though/if looking for some clues.
4. We need a person with a knowledge of European market.
5. Whatever reasons he gives, they can only be excuses.
IV.
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了非语言交际是一个广义的术语, 用来描述不用语言来传达信息的
任何方式。非语言交际可大致分为相对普遍的形式和文化相关的形式, 其中时尚、手势是非语言交流的一
种形式, 而肢体语言是被研究得最多的非语言交流形式之一。
1. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知, 作者写这篇文章的目的是解释什么是非语言交际。2. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知, 鞠躬在不同文化中含义是不同的。
3. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句以及本段主要内容可知, 作者举出一些例子来说明肢体
语言依靠肢体动作来传递信息。
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在大一暑假里到一个夏令营做老师, 遇见了一个害羞的男孩Tommy,
他多次邀请他参加活动, 夏令营结束以后Tommy改变了很多, 结交了很多新朋友。由此作者认为每个人都
要注意身边的人, 也许我们无意的一个行为会对别人有很大的影响。
4.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第一句“In the summer between my first year and second year in
college, I was invited to be an instructor at a high school camp. ”可知, 他是在大一和大二之间的暑假之中被邀
请做夏令营的老师的, 实际上那时他还是一个大学生。
5. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段“I walked towards him, introduced myself and invited him to join
in the activities and meet some new people. He quietly replied, ‘No, I really don’t want to do this. ’”和第二段“I
tried again with the same invitation, but he refused once again. ”可知, 作者邀请了他两次。
6.【解析】选C。逻辑顺序题。根据文章可知开始的时候男孩拒绝参加活动, 在夏令营结束的时候他非常高
兴地和另外两个女孩一起跳舞, 回到学校以后改变了很多交了新朋友, 最后不幸出了事故, 他的母亲给作者
打了电话。故选C。
7. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段“The mother said, ‘Tommy mentioned you so many times. I want
you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence. You made a difference for Tommy
during his last months. ’”可知, 作者对Tommy有很大的影响, 夏令营结束回到学校以后, Tommy改变了很多,
与之前相比有很大的改变。由此可知Tommy的母亲对作者十分感激。
