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【暑假辅导班】
新高二英语暑假精品课程（人教版）
第19讲 选择性必修一 Unit 5 Learning About Language
主语从句
(Subject clause)
一、主语从句
主语从句是名词性从句的一种, 在复合句中作主语, 相当于名词。主语从句的位置可以在句首, 也可以
用it作形式主语, 主语从句放在后面。
二、主语从句的引导词
1. 连词that、whether, 在主语从句中不充当任何成分, 只起连接作用, 不可省略, 其中that没有词义, whether
表示“是否”, 但是不能换成if。
2. 连接代词what、who、which, 在主语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语, 不可省略。
3. 连接副词when、where、how、why, 在主语从句中作状语, 分别表示时间、地点、方式、原因等, 不可省
略。
另外, wh-+ever, 如whoever、whatever、whichever等也可引导主语从句。在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等,
不可省略。
三、it作形式主语的主语从句
在主语从句中如果主语太长, 宾语或表语又太短, 为了避免头重脚轻, 保持句子平衡, 通常会采用it作形式主
语, 真正的主语从句放在后面。
常见的使用it作形式主语的结构:
It is said/reported/believed/well known that. . .
It is a pity that. . .
It is probable that. . .
It happened that. . .
It is no wonder that. . . . . .
四、主语从句的语序时态问题
主语从句和其他名词性从句一样必须使用陈述语序, 尤其是当主语从句是疑问词引导的时候, 主语从句
的语序仍须使用陈述语序。
Who/Whom he will go to Beijing with remains unknown.
他将和谁一起去北京还不知道。主语从句的时态根据具体语境来确定, 尤其是当when引导主语从句的时候, 有些同学会和when时间状语从
句混淆而误用现在时表将来。
When he will come back is still unclear.
他什么时候回来还不清楚。
五、主语从句的主谓一致
主语从句作主语相当于名词, 和非谓语动词的动词-ing形式或者不定式作主语一样看作单数, 句子谓语
应该使用单数形式。
That you don’t like him is none of my business.
你不喜欢他不关我的事。
What the doctors really doubt is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
医生怀疑的是我的妈妈是否不久就能从这场重病中恢复过来。
【基础训练】
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. That the lifestyle is slower and healthier the reason why some people prefer to live in the country
rather than in the city.
2. people cut down too many trees destroyed the balance of nature.
3. was reported that Los Angeles Lakers basketball legend Kobe Bryant was killed in a helicopter
crash in Southern California.
4. we can live a healthy life is the first thing we are considering.
5. we can find a suitable solution to produce sufficient food while keeping the environment safe is an
important topic for us to research.
6. we shall be successful is certain.
7. When these wheat farmers will join this pilot experiment (remain) an unanswered question.
8. worries most of us is that the chemicals may even cause cancer.
9. will win the match is still unknown.
10. they should like each other is natural.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. It is natural .
我们应该相互帮助是自然的事情。
2. is food security.
我们最关心的是食品安全。3. on the earth for millions of years will depend on whether this problem can
be solved.
地球上的生命能否持续数百万年将取决于这个问题能否得到解决。
4. on the outside is obvious.
很明显, 它们从外表看起来很漂亮。
5. It was not clear .
目前还不清楚这个固体形状是否会持续下去。
6. is an important decision for them.
老年人将如何度过他们的退休生活对他们来说是一个重要的决定。
7. is not yet known.
她说的是什么还不知道。
8. this measure is effective.
显然这个措施是有效的。
9. is silly.
他拒绝这个建议是愚蠢的。
10. that these vegetables can even be planted without any soil through this
new technology.
通过这项新技术, 这些蔬菜甚至可以在没有任何土壤的情况下种植, 这让我们所有人大吃一惊。
III. 阅读理解
At schools across the United States, students often sit down for lunches made from processed foods that are
high in fat and sugar. But kids at Public School (P. S. ) 216 in Brooklyn have a different dining experience.
Principal Donna Neglia reports that her students love eating fresh fruits and vegetables.
P. S. 216 took part in the Edible Schoolyard Project, a program founded by Chef Alice Waters in 1995. The
purpose of the program is to get schools to create gardens, allowing students to grow their own fruits and
vegetables for their lunch.
Waters expressed her love for the farm-to-table movement. She advised schools to connect with the farmers in
their area, and change their buying practices when planning meals for students.
In 2009, the First Lady of the time Michelle Obama started the garden in the backyard of the White House.
She spent hours tending to the garden, often with help from local schoolchildren.“That gave people a sense that she cares about children and where our food comes from, ” Waters said,
praising Michelle Obama’s dedication to young people’s health. “We are just building this movement, and it is
very exciting. ”
Through the Edible Schoolyard Project, students also learn about the benefits of healthy eating in the
classroom. Neglia said that P. S. 216 is teaching kids about “careers in the food industry--such as farming and
agriculture, food safety, and the restaurant business”.
Similar classes are taking place around the country. So far, the Edible Schoolyard Project has reached more
than 1 million students in more than 367 schools. “I’m doing this for the future of the planet, ” Waters said.
1. The Edible Schoolyard Project aims to ______.
A. let students eat healthy food
B. improve schools’ environment
C. reduce students’ stress from study
D. make students’ free time colorful
2. According to Waters’ words about Michelle Obama, we know ______.
A. running a garden was exciting
B. Waters got on well with the First Lady
C. Michelle Obama had a healthy body
D. Waters thought highly of Michelle Obama
3. Through the Edible Schoolyard Project, students ______.
A. can find jobs on farming
B. start a restaurant business
C. learn benefits of healthy food
D. know how to plant different foods
4. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. Students should eat healthily
B. P. S. 216 is a famous school
C. Processed foods should be avoided
D. A chef helps create green schoolyards
