文档内容
【暑假辅导班】
新高二英语暑假精品课程（人教版）
第12讲 选择性必修一 Unit 3 Reading and Thinking
【核心知识点讲解】
1. edge n. 边; 边缘; 边线; 刀刃vt. &vi. (使)徐徐移动; 给……加边
*I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge.
我离开帐篷, 走到山边。
*Tom bought a knife with a sharp edge.
汤姆买了一把刀刃很锋利的小刀。
*The little boat edged away quietly, while no one was looking.
趁没人注意, 小船悄悄离岸而去。
* New houses have mushroomed on the edge of the city.
城市边缘的新建房屋犹如雨后春笋。
*At the edge of life everything is an occasion for death.
在生命的边缘, 一切都是导致死亡的原因。
*She was a bit on edge till she heard he was safe.
她听到他安然无恙才放下心来。
【词块记忆】
at the edge of 在边缘上; 在……的边缘
on the edge of 几乎; 濒于; 在……边缘
double-edged adj. 双刃的; 对双方皆不利的
on edge 紧张不安
2. ban vt. 明令禁止; 取缔 n. 禁令
*Though the Sami are allowed to continue their traditional way of life in the park, no one else can live here, and
all new development is banned within park boundaries.
虽然萨米人被允许在公园里继续他们的传统生活方式, 但没有其他人可以住在这里, 在公园边界内所有新的
开发都被禁止。
*She was banned from athletics for two years after failing a drug test. 她没有通过药检而被禁赛两年。
*I certainly think there should be a ban on tobacco advertising.
我确实认为应该禁止香烟广告。【词块记忆】
(1)ban doing sth. 禁止做某事
ban sb. from(doing) sth. 禁止某人(做)某事
(2)a ban on sth. 对……的禁令
put/place a ban on sth. 宣布禁止……
【易混辨析】
ban, forbid都有“禁止”的意思。其区别在于:
forbid是普通用语, 指父母、教师等直接下命令, 或以规则来禁止某事;
ban指禁止不合宗教、道德等标准的事情。
3. visible adj. 看得见的; 可见的
*At the far side of the valley, an ancient Sami cottage is visible.
在山谷的远处, 可以看到一间古老的萨米人小屋。
*(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add
visual interest to our rooms. 它们是像抱枕、镜子和篮子那样的小色块, 我们大多数人都用它们来给我们的房
间增添视觉趣味。
*She paled visibly at the news.
她听到这消息时脸色明显地变得苍白。
*Visibility was down to about 100 metres in the fog.
雾中的能见距离降到了大约100米。
*She didn’t worry at all, for she felt invisible in the crowd.
她根本不担心, 因为她觉得自己淹没在人群中。
【词块记忆】
visibly adv. 明显地; 看得见地
visibility n. 能见度; 可见性
invisible adj. 看不见的; 无形的
vision n. 视觉; 视力
visual adj. 视觉的, 视力的; 栩栩如生的
4. accompany vt. 陪同; 陪伴; 伴随; (尤指用钢琴)为……伴奏
*Since reindeer were always on the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them.
由于驯鹿总是在移动, 萨米人便会拿起他们的帐篷陪伴它们。* (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website accompanied by
the touching words.
特蕾莎在一个社交网站上贴出了这次偶遇的照片, 并附上了感人的文字。
*I must ask you to accompany me to the police station.
我得要求你陪我去一趟警察局。
*The singer was accompanied on the piano by her sister.
这位歌手由她姐姐钢琴伴奏。
【词块记忆】
accompany sth. with sth. 与……同时发生
accompany sb. in doing. . . 陪某人做……
accompany sb. to a place 陪同(送)某人去某地
accompany sb. on a walk(trip) 陪同某人散步 (旅行)
accompany sb. on the piano 用钢琴为某人伴奏
5. set out 出发; 启程; 开始(怀着目标)工作
*(2020•全国Ⅲ卷) The next morning he hired a boat and set out to find the well-known painter.
第二天早上, 他租了一条船, 出发去找这位著名的画家。
* They set out on the last stage of their journey.
他们开始了旅行的最后一程。
*He has achieved what he set out to do three years ago.
他已经实现了他3年前的奋斗目标。
*We set about clearing up the mess.
我们开始把乱七八糟的东西清理干净。
*I’d like to set off early in order to avoid the traffic.
我想早点出发以避开交通堵塞。
*Mr Li wanted to set up his own company.
李先生想创办自己的公司。
6. Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.
即使阳光灿烂, 也不可能分辨出是早晨还是晚上。
【句式解构】
本句中even though引导让步状语从句, telling whether it is morning or night为动名词短语作句子的主语。
*I wouldn’t lose heart even if/though I will fail ten times.
即使要失败十次, 我也绝不灰心。*What is there to fear even if/though untold hardships lie ahead? 前方有千难万险又有何所惧?
注意：although, though, despite, 或者使用词组even though或in spite of都可以在句子里作让步状语。但是
despite和in spite of不能直接引导句子, 如需引导句子, 需先加the fact that。
*In spite of the fact that it is snowing, she is going out for a walk. 尽管正在下雪, 她仍然要出去散步。
【要点拾遗】
1. fascinating adj. 迷人的; 极有吸引力的
*I fail to see what people find so fascinating about the mountain. 我看不出这座山的哪一点使人们神魂颠倒。
*China has always fascinated me. 中国一直令我心驰神往。
*I was proud to see they were fascinated by Chinese culture.
看到他们被中国文化深深吸引, 我感到很骄傲。
*Water holds a fascination for most children.
水对大多数孩子都有吸引力。
*Fascinatingly, Mr Bush faced no such criticism when doing exactly the same thing.
有趣的是, 布什做过一模一样的事情却不用面对如此批评。
【词块记忆】
fascinate v. 使着迷, 使神魂颠倒; (尤指蛇)以眼神震慑(人或动物), 使无法动弹
fascinated adj. 着迷的; 被深深吸引的
fascinatingly adv. 极有吸引力地; 迷人地
fascination n. 魅力; 魔力; 入迷
2. buffet vt. 连续猛击; 打来打去 n. 自助餐
*May in a sudden, we have a perception of no moment to start the buffeting of the earthquake, many in shock and
screams of fleeing the classroom.
可就在突然之间, 一个我们都没有任何感知的瞬间, 地开始不断地震抖起来, 在众多的惊吓和尖叫声中逃出
了教室。
*Strong winds buffet the ship from time to time.
狂风时不时地击打着航船。
*Flowers are buffeted by the rain and wind. 花朵受风吹和雨打。
【词块记忆】
a buffet lunch/supper自助午餐╱晚餐
buffet car餐车
【易混辨析】beat和buffet都有“击打”的意思, 但是beat 强调有规律或节奏的击打, 如(心脏等的) 跳动; 击鼓声; 振翅声;
有规律的敲击(声)。
Hailstones beat against the window constantly.
冰雹块不断地砸在窗户上。
3. vast adj. 辽阔的; 巨大的; 庞大的
*(2020•江苏高考) In Juan’s world, the unknown and undiscovered was vast and marvelous. 在胡安的世界里, 未
知和未被发现的东西是巨大和不可思议的。
*(2019·江苏高考) These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack, leaving behind a
vast hole, the caldera.
这些火山具有极强的爆发性, 它们会在一个大裂缝中裂开, 留下一个巨大的洞, 也就是破火山口。
* A little change on this painting made it vastly different.
在这幅画上稍加改动, 感觉就大不一样了。
【词块记忆】
vastly adv. 极大地; 广大地; 巨大地
vast difference 天壤之别
vast knowledge 渊博的知识
vast plain 无边的原野
vast resources 丰富的资源
a vast sum of money 一大笔钱
【易混辨析】
vast, enormous, huge这组词的共同意思是“大的”。huge一般修饰超越一定标准大的事物的体积或容量,
用在比喻中形容抽象事物, 指某事严重或急需解决;
enormous指“大”到令人吃惊、甚至不相称的程度, 也常形容抽象事物的严肃性、迫切性;
vast用以指范围、数量, 但着重指面积, 而不涉及重量或体积。
4. leave behind 留下; 抛弃; 永久离开(某人、某地或某国)
*You have been long gone, leaving behind drizzling melancholy and thickening yearning in me.
你远去了, 留给我的是密密细雨般的惆怅, 还有那浓浓的思念。
*(2019·天津高考)By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious
world where I am now a new character.
通过打开一本小说, 我可以放下我的负担, 进入一个奇妙而神秘的世界, 在那里我现在是一个新的角色。
【词块记忆】leave for 动身去……
leave. . . alone 让某人独处; 不管某物
leave off 停止; 戒除
leave out 省去; 遗漏; 不考虑
5. apart from 除……之外; 且不说; 并且
*Apart from the cost, it will take a lot of time.
除了费钱以外, 还要花很多时间。
*Young children are curious about how things work. They want to take apart a watch to see what makes it work.
小孩对事物的运作充满了好奇, 他们想把表拆开, 看看它到底是如何工作的。
*It’s difficult to tell the two brothers apart.
这两兄弟很难区分开。
【词块记忆】
apart from anything else 且不说别的
take. . . apart 将……拆开
tell. . . apart 分辨出, 辨别
【易混辨析】
besides, except, apart from, in addition to
这几个词和短语都有“除了”的意思, 非常容易混淆。
besides、in addition to表示除……外(还有), 是包括在内的意思。
except表示除去, 是不包括的意思。
apart from既能表示包括, 也能表示不包括, 要根据上下文判断意思。例如:
*Besides tomatoes, I also like potatoes.
(包括tomatoes)
*I like all vegetables except (for) tomatoes.
(不包括tomatoes)
*I like all vegetables apart from tomatoes.
(不包括tomatoes)
6. feed on 以……为食; 以……为能源
*Close by, there are a few reindeer feeding on grass.
附近有几只驯鹿在吃草。
*Cattle feed chiefly on grass. 牛主要以草为食。
*The girl fed her dog on fish most of the time.这个女孩常常用鱼喂她的狗。
*People get fed up with all these traffic jams.
人们厌烦这么多的交通堵塞。
【词块记忆】
feed. . . with/on. . . 用……喂……; 供给……, 提供……
feed+食物+to. . . 用某物喂养……
be fed up with 受够了, 饱受, 厌烦
7. adopt vt. 采用; 采取; 采纳; 领养
*I am not a Sami, but in Sarek I’ve adopted some of their habits.
我不是萨米人, 但在萨利克, 我接受了他们的一些习惯。
* There are hundreds of people desperate to adopt a child.
有数以百计的人渴望领养孩子。
*The senator urged against the adoption of the measure.
那参议员极力反对采取这项措施。
*He looked on the orphan as his adopted son.
他把孤儿当作养子。
【词块记忆】
(1)adoption n. 收养; 领养
(2)adopted adj. 被收养的; 被采用的; 移居的
an adopted son 养子
(3)adoptive adj. (通常作定语)收养的; 有收养关系的
【易混辨析】adopt与adapt
adopt是及物动词, 接名词或代词作宾语。作“采用, 采纳, 采取”解时, 后面常接方法、方针、步骤、政策、
意见、态度之类的名词; 作“正式通过或接受”解时, 后面常接报告、议案、决议、方案、计划之类的名词。
adapt vt. 改编; 使适应 vi. 适应。adapt的基本意思是通过必要的改动以适应新的条件或适于某事物。用作及
物动词时意思是“使适应, 使适合”, 接sb. /sth. 作宾语, “适应”的客体常可用介词to引出。adapt还可特指
“改编”“改写”, 这时其客体须由介词for或from 引出。例如:
* She adapted herself quickly to the new climate.
她很快就适应了这种新气候。
*This text is adapted from a story in Chinese Literature.
这篇课文是根据《中国文学》上登载的一篇故事改编的。
It’s hard to adapt this novel for children.要将这部小说改编为适合小孩(的阅读水准)很难。
8. bless vt. 祝福
*Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.
在这样一个美丽而荒凉的地方, 我感到活着是一种幸福。
*(2019·天津高考)Looking back, I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger.
回首往事, 我感到很幸运, 有人愿意帮助一个陌生人。
*Bless me! Where’s my wallet?
我的天哪! 我的钱包去哪儿了?
*This rain will be a blessing for the farmers.
对农民来说, 这场雨真是一场甘霖。
*I bless him for his kindness.
我感激他的好意。
【词块记忆】
blessing n. 祝福; 祷告; 幸事
blessed adj. 幸福的; 受祝福的; 神圣的
bless sb. for sth. 因为某事感谢某人
a blessing in disguise 因祸得福
Bless me! 我的天哪!
9. Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home.
在驯鹿之后来的是萨米人, 他们把这片土地当成了自己的家。
【句式解构】
Following the reindeer were the Sami people是特殊倒装句, who made this territory their home为关系词who引
导的非限制性定语从句。
*Sitting at her desk deep in thought was my sister Flora.
坐在书桌旁沉思的是我妹妹芙罗拉。
*Also traveling around the sun are a number of comets.
同时绕着太阳运行的还有许多彗星。
【基础训练】
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1. The shore was barely (看得见的) through the fog.
2. Don’t put that glass so near the (边缘)of the table.
3. There is a (禁令)on smoking in the museum.4. Her children went back every year to stay in a farmhouse near the (村舍).
5. China spends a (巨大的)sum of money on education.
6. The (山谷) is like spring all the year round with beautiful scenery, which attracts many tourists.
7. Children under 10 must be (陪伴) by an adult in this park.
8. Pupils should be helped to (采取)a positive approach to the environment.
9. This British couple are (福气) with five lovely grandchildren.
10. The two neighboring countries have at last reached an accommodation on their (边界)problem.
Ⅱ. 选词填空
apart from; on the edge of; fed up with; leave behind; on the move; feed on; pick up; set out; ban. . . from; live
off
1. All the frogs line up a rock to dive.
2. We’d like to make a contribution, change things for the better, improve lives, and something
negative.
3. If you want to catch that train we’d better to go to the station immediately.
4. We became increasingly his increasingly unfunny and unintelligent comments.
5. The room was empty one man seated beside the fire.
6. They visitors smoking in the building.
7. He his cap from the floor and stuck it back on his head.
8. It’s difficult for her to her home.
9. The frogs that mainly insects are good for plants.
10. Jack never wanted to stay in one place for very long, so he was always .
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. It’s really not as bad as it looks.
根本不像表面上看起来这么糟糕。
2. We will manage to accomplish the task in time it is difficult.
纵然任务艰巨, 我们也要及时完成。
3. At the same time, they’re looking back and trying to understand the significance of their experience and
.
同时, 他们会回顾自己的一生, 试图去理解他们经历的重要意义, 去回想他们会留下什么。
4. On the playground , who is my younger brother.
操场上站着的那个男孩是我弟弟。5. We only know that there hasn’t been any period in the history during which .
我们只知道, 在历史上从来没有一段时期世界真正处于和平状态。
IV. 阅读理解
A
Here’s a roundup of several theme parks for you to explore.
Six Flags Great Adventure, New Jersey
Admission $ 81. 99 for general admission (54 inches or taller); less than 54 inches tall, $ 50. 99; 2 and
younger free (at the gate)
Info 732-928-2000, six flags. com/ great adventure
Billed as the second largest theme park in the world, Six Flags’ 510 acres bursts with bucket-list roller
coasters, including the 45-story tall Kingda Ka and El Toro voted the world’s best coaster by Amusement Today.
Hersheypark, Pennsylvania
Admission $ 68. 95 ages 9 to 54; $ 46. 95 ages 3 to 8 and 55 to 69 ; $ 31. 95 ages 70 plus; 2 and younger free
Info 717-534-3900, hersheypark. com
More than 70 rides in Hershey’s 121-acre park include the Laff Trakk, an indoor spinning glow coaster with
fun house, the wooden Comet Coaster and the Skyrush roller coaster.
Playland Park, New York
Admission $ 30; $ 20 for children under 48 inches tall; free for 2 and under
Info 914-813-7000, playlandpark. org
The Westchester County-owned and operated Playland, located off 1-95 Exit 19, features more than 50 rides,
Kiddyland and an Olympic-sized swimming pool. Rye Playland is a trip with seven original attractions still going
strong since the park’s first day in 1928, including the 3, 400-foot wooden Dragon Coaster. Fireworks shows are
held on Fridays in July and August.
Dutch Wonderland, Pennsylvania
Admission $ 45. 99 for general admission ages 3 to 59; $39. 99 ages 60 to 69; $ 30. 99 ages 70 and up; under
2 free
Info 866-386-2839, dutchwonderland. com
The wonders in this amusement park include more than 30 rides, live entertainment and the Duke’s Lagoon
water play area. All attractions are suitable for families with kids.
1. Which will be the best choice for a visitor interested in swimming and fireworks?
A. Six Flags Great Adventure.B. Hersheypark.
C. Playland Park.
D. Dutch Wonderland.
2. How much will a couple aged 60 pay to visit Hersheypark?
A. $ 137. 9. B. $ 93. 9.
C. $ 63. 9. D. $ 61. 98.
3. What do the four theme parks have in common?
A. They’re all closed on Monday.
B. They all have water play areas.
C. They’re all located in the same state.
D. They’re all suitable for the whole family.
B
Jack Horner is co-author of the book How to Build a Dinosaur. However, he is most famous for his role as
consultant(顾问) on all four Jurassic Park films, including the new film Jurassic World.
The original film Jurassic Park tells the story of a theme park where dinosaurs live. In that movie, scientists
used DNA collected by ancient mosquitoes that had been trapped in amber shortly after they drank dinosaur blood.
The scientists used this dinosaur DNA to create baby dinosaurs. The scientists in Jurassic Park created various
types of dinosaurs, but in the real world there is one big problem with the story. It turns out that DNA could not
possibly survive the 65 million years since the death of the dinosaurs.
The new movie creates the Indominus Rex. This idea of creating a hybrid species is something Horner has
explored before. In 2011, he gave a speech in which he discussed producing a dinosaur by working with the genes
of a bird. Modern birds are the closest living relative of dinosaurs.
The concept of using the genes of different animals to create new animals is called transgenic science. And
this type of science has already produced some interesting results — goats that produce spider silk in their milk,
cows that produce proteins for medicines that can treat diseases, and a pig that produces less-polluting waste
thanks to a bit of mouse DNA. However, none of these examples are close to the dinosaurs in Jurassic World. And
for a good reason — genetics is a very complex science. Producing a new species is not as simple as just
exchanging a few genes around.
In the end, Jurassic World is all about fun.
4. What do we know from Paragraph 2?
A. A theme park is built to protect dinosaurs.B. Mosquito DNA is used to create dinosaurs.
C. DNA can be well kept for millions of years.
D. Creation of dinosaurs in the film isn’t scientific.
5. What might “the Indominus Rex” be?
A. A modern bird.
B. A goat producing silk.
C. A hybrid dinosaur.
D. A cow producing protein.
6. What can we conclude from the last two paragraphs?
A. Jurassic World proves a big success.
B. Many extinct species will be brought back.
C. Hybridizing dinosaurs is no easy job.
D. Transgenic science proves a complete failure.
7. What do we know about Jack Horner?
A. He has starred in Jurassic World.
B. He has explored a lot about dinosaurs.
C. He has directed four Jurassic Park films.
D. He has written How to Build a Dinosaur alone.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. The shore was barely visible(看得见的) through the fog.
2. Don’t put that glass so near the edge (边缘)of the table.
3. There is a ban(禁令)on smoking in the museum.
4. Her children went back every year to stay in a farmhouse near the cottage(村舍).
5. China spends a vast(巨大的)sum of money on education.
6. The valley(山谷) is like spring all the year round with beautiful scenery, which attracts many tourists.
7. Children under 10 must be accompanied(陪伴) by an adult in this park.
8. Pupils should be helped to adopt (采取)a positive approach to the environment.
9. This British couple are blessed(福气) with five lovely grandchildren.
10. The two neighboring countries have at last reached an accommodation on their boundary (边界)problem.
Ⅱ. 1. All the frogs line up on the edge of a rock to dive.
2. We’d like to make a contribution, change things for the better, improve lives, and leave behind somethingnegative.
3. If you want to catch that train we’d better set out to go to the station immediately.
4. We became increasingly fed up with his increasingly unfunny and unintelligent comments.
5. The room was empty apart from one man seated beside the fire.
6. They banned visitors from smoking in the building.
7. He picked his cap up from the floor and stuck it back on his head.
8. It’s difficult for her to live off her home.
9. The frogs that feed mainly on insects are good for plants.
10. Jack never wanted to stay in one place for very long, so he was always on the move.
Ⅲ. 1. It’s really not anything like as bad as it looks.
2. We will manage to accomplish the task in time even though it is difficult.
3. At the same time, they’re looking back and trying to understand the significance of their experience and what
they’ll leave behind.
4. On the playground stands the boy, who is my younger brother.
5. We only know that there hasn’t been any period in the history during which the world was really at peace.
IV.
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了几个主题公园供你探索。
1. 【解析】选 C。细节理解题。根据 Playland Park, New York 中的“The Westchester County-owned and
operated Playland, located off 1-95 Exit 19, features more than 50 rides, Kiddyland and an Olympic-sized
swimming pool. ”以及“Fireworks shows are held on Fridays in July and August. ”可知, 对于喜欢游泳和烟花的
游客来说Playland Park是最好的选择。故选C。
2. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据Hersheypark, Pennsylvania中的“Admission $ 68. 95 ages 9 to 54; $ 46.
95 ages 3 to 8 and 55 to 69; $ 31. 95 ages 70 plus; 2 and younger free”可知, 一对60岁的夫妇去Hersheypark要
花$ 93. 9。故选B。
3. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Six Flags Great Adventure, New Jersey 中的“Admission $ 81. 99 for
general admission (54 inches or taller); less than 54 inches tall, $ 50. 99; 2 and younger free (at the gate)”;
Hersheypark, Pennsylvania中的“Admission $ 68. 95 ages 9 to 54; $ 46. 95 ages 3 to 8 and 55 to 69 ; $ 31. 95
ages 70 plus; 2 and younger free”以及Playland Park, New York中的“Admission $ 30; $ 20 for children under
48 inches tall; free for 2 and under”和Dutch Wonderland, Pennsylvania 中的“Admission $ 45. 99 for general
admission ages 3 to 59; $ 39. 99 ages 60 to 69; $ 30. 99 ages 70 and up; under 2 free”可知, 这四个公园的共同点是它们都适合全家一起去。故选D。
B
【文章大意】本文为议论文, 文章主要由电影《侏罗纪公园》引出杂交恐龙是不科学的、不现实的, 所以它
只是一部娱乐的影片。
4. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“It turns out that DNA could not possibly survive the 65
million years since the death of the dinosaurs. ”可知, 使用DNA创造小恐龙是不科学的, 因为DNA不可能存活
六千五百万年。故选D。
5. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句结合倒数第二句可知the Indominus Rex是杂交恐龙,
是利用鸟类基因培育恐龙。故选C。
6. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段最后三句可知, 然而, 这些例子中没有一个与侏罗纪世界的恐龙
相近。有一个很好的理由——遗传学是一门非常复杂的科学。培育一个新物种并不像只是交换一些基因那
么简单。培育杂交恐龙不是一件容易的事情。故选C。
7. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段第二句以及第三段第二句可知, Jack Horner作为《侏罗纪公园》
的顾问而出名, 他以前探索过杂交恐龙的方法, 所以他对恐龙有很多了解。故选B。
