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【暑假辅导班】
新高二英语暑假精品课程（人教版）
第16讲 选择性必修一 Unit 4 Learning About Language
动词-ing形式作宾语和表语
一、动词-ing形式作宾语
1. 作动词的宾语。一些及物动词之后只能接v. -ing作宾语, 不能接不定式。这些常用动词有:
avoid, miss, delay/put off避免错过少延期
advise, finish, practise建议完成多练习
enjoy, imagine, can’t help喜欢想象禁不住
admit, deny, envy承认否定与嫉妒
escape, risk, excuse逃避冒险莫原谅
stand, keep, mind忍受保持不介意
此外, feel like, devote to, be/get used to, object to, set about, insist on, pay attention to, stick to, be busy(in),
have difficulties/trouble(in)等动词短语后也接动名词作宾语。
*I avoided mentioning the subject in case he should be offended.
我回避提及这个话题, 以免冒犯他。
注意：
下面短语后接v. -ing形式, 因为to为介词。
be used to习惯于 devote oneself to献身于
get down to开始做 look forward to期待
stick to坚持 lead to导致
pay attention to注意
2. 以下及物动词后既可接不定式又可接v. -ing作宾语, 但两者意义上有区别
(1)remember to do sth. 记住要去做某事
remember doing sth. 记得过去曾经做过某事
*I remember to meet her at the station.
我记得要到车站见她。
*I remember seeing her once somewhere.
我记得曾在某个地方见过她。
(2)forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事forget doing sth. 忘记了过去做过某事
*I forgot to tell you about it. Now here it is.
我忘记把这事告诉你, 给你, 拿去吧。
* I forgot giving it to you yesterday.
我忘记昨天已把它给你了。
(3)regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事
regret to do sth. 很遗憾地去做某事
*I regret not working hard.
我后悔没有努力工作。
*I regret to hear of your sister’s death.
我遗憾地听到你姐姐去世的消息。
(4)can’t help to do sth. 不能帮着去做某事
can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
*I can’t help to clean the house with so much work to do.
有这么多的工作要做, 我不能帮你打扫房间了。
*She can’t help laughing at the thought of the joke he told her.
一想到他告诉她的笑话, 她就忍不住笑了。
3. 用it 作形式宾语, 真正的宾语是v. -ing形式。
其结构如下:
sb. +动词+it +adj. +doing
常用动词有: think, consider, find, feel, believe等
*I found it useless/no use crying about it.
我发现因为这件事哭泣没用。
*Do you feel it difficult trying again?
再来一遍你觉得难吗?
二、动词-ing形式作表语
1. v. -ing形式作表语, 表示抽象的一般性的行为, 用来说明主语的内容, 与主语通常是同一概念, 表语和主语
通常可以交换位置。
*In the ant city, the queen’s job is laying eggs.
=In the ant city, laying eggs is the queen’s job.
在蚂蚁王国, 蚁后的工作是产卵。
2. v. -ing形式作表语, 可以表示主语的某种性质或特征, 这类词可以看作形容词。*The film being shown in the cinema is exciting.
正在电影院上演的电影很激动人心。
*The present situation is inspiring.
当前的形势鼓舞人心。
【基础训练】
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. After (think) for some time, I finally made up my mind to give up.
2. Her job is (keep) the lecture hall as clean as possible.
3. Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to (set up)some schools for poor children.
4. The argument is very (convince).
5. Keep on (try) and you will succeed.
6. He had a terrific sense of humour and could be very (amuse).
7. Though it sounds a bit too expensive, it is worth (buy).
8. He remained (stand) beside the table.
9. She is very busy (write) her papers. She is far too busy (receive) callers.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. your computer a little, please?
请把你的电脑(音量)关小一点好吗?
2. Her job is
她的工作是洗衣服、打扫卫生和照顾孩子。
3. We all believe that if a book is interesting, it will surely .
我们都相信, 如果一本书有趣, 它一定会引起读者的兴趣。
4. I .
我承认犯了一个严重的错误。
5. It is worthwhile .
在教育上多花钱是值得的。
6. I can’t imagine his parents.
我难以想象那个男孩对他的父母说话那么粗鲁。
7. Mr Jones decided to walk to the university
琼斯先生决定步行去大学而不坐出租车。
8. While going shopping, people sometimes can’t help .
在购物时, 人们有时会情不自禁地被说服去买他们不需要的东西。9. I regret I have no choice but to refuse your application.
我很遗憾地告诉你, 除了拒绝你的申请, 我别无选择。
10. Many people more rules to protect animal rights.
很多人都建议制定规则以保护动物权益。
III. 阅读理解
Body language is part of nonverbal language. It includes things like gestures, facial expressions, and even
small things that are hardly perceptible like a brief shrug of the shoulder or a slight nod of the head.
There are many ways to interpret (诠释) body language but you must know that these are frequently specific
to a culture. For instance, Americans wave goodbye with the palm (手掌) facing the person they are waving to. In
other cultures, waving goodbye may occur with the palm up to the sky. To people in the USA, this might look like
a gesture asking someone to approach rather than a wave goodbye.
Still, since people live in one area where body language may be similar among them, it’s important to know
that you can communicate a lot by how you gesture, what you do with your arms, and even how you posture. A
person in much of the USA who sits with hands crossed over the chest, and with legs crossed, may be sending an
unintended message that they’re really not open to talking. Eye contact is another key element of non-verbal
contact in much of the western world.
It would be impossible to describe all the ways people use non-verbal language, but it’s important to
remember that non-verbal language isn’t necessarily universal. If you’re observing body movements that seem
incorrect, consider cultural or regional differences that may account for it. You may even note that family members
have similar gestures that aren’t that common elsewhere. If you think your body language is off or needs
improvement in a new area, just remember “When in Rome, do as the Romans do. ” That can make you appear
more confident or direct.
1. What does the underlined word “perceptible” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Suitable. B. Bearable.
C. Noticeable. D. Believable.
2. Which of the following probably shows the body language of an American?
A. He sees friends off with the palm up to the sky.
B. He waves goodbye with the palm facing friends.
C. He crosses his hands over the chest to show politeness.
D. He uses eye contact to send important messages to friends.
3. What is the text mainly about?A. Body language differs in cultures and areas.
B. People need to improve their body language.
C. Messages can be expressed through body language.
D. Communication calls for proper body language.
4. According to the author, what is the proper reaction to people’s different body language?
A. Totally accept it. B. Just ignore it.
C. Try to understand it. D. Try to change it.
参考安答案
I. 1. After thinking(think) for some time, I finally made up my mind to give up.
2. Her job is keeping (keep) the lecture hall as clean as possible.
3. Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to setting up(set up)some schools for poor children.
4. The argument is very convincing(convince).
5. Keep on trying (try) and you will succeed.
6. He had a terrific sense of humour and could be very amusing (amuse).
7. Though it sounds a bit too expensive, it is worth buying(buy).
8. He remained standing(stand) beside the table.
9. She is very busy writing(write) her papers. She is far too busy to receive(receive) callers.
Ⅱ. 1. Would you mind turning down your computer a little, please?
2. Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the child.
3. We all believe that if a book is interesting, it will surely interest the readers.
4. I admitted making a serious mistake.
5. It is worthwhile spending much money on education.
6. I can’t imagine the boy speaking so rudely to his parents.
7. Mr Jones decided to walk to the university instead of taking a taxi.
8. While going shopping, people sometimes can’t help being persuaded into buying something they don’t need.
9. I regret to tell you that I have no choice but to refuse your application.
10. Many people have suggested setting up more rules to protect animal rights.
III. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍使用肢体语言可以帮助进行大量交流, 但肢体语言不一定是
通用的, 所以人们要入乡随俗。
1. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句子可知, 肢体语言包括手势、表情, 甚至几乎不
“perceptible”的小事, 例如微微耸肩或者轻轻点头。尤其是brief和slight可判断画线部分的意思是“容易察觉到/容易发现的”。故选C。
2. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段的For instance, Americans wave goodbye with the palm facing the
person they are waving to. 可知, 美国人挥手掌告别, 掌心朝着他们挥舞的人。故选B。
3. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容, 尤其是第三段的第一句和最后一段的第一句可知, 交
流需要恰当的肢体语言。故选D。
4. 【解析】选 C。推理判断题。根据最后一段的第二句“If you’re observing body movements that seem
incorrect, consider cultural or regional differences that may account for it. ”可知, 作者认为对于不同的肢体语言,
最好的态度就是尽量理解它, 因为不同的文化或区域有不同的肢体语言。故选C。
