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话题 5 自然灾害，安全常识与自我保护
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·四川成都七中模拟预测)
There are people for whom the motivation lies in their family or companions’
duties.For some people ， the purpose lies in a soul’s spiritual awakening.Brent
Clayton，a firefighter by profession，is one such individual who found his purpose
early in life and kept working to fulfill it.
Born on March 3，1984，Clayton hugely felt the need to serve others.He followed
his mission in life and acquired his diploma in Public Safety.He gradually realized the
importance of securing people’s lives ， which strengthened his faith in his
mission.Clayton further pursued his bachelor’s degree from The University of
Melbourne and master’s degree from Federation University.Then，Clayton worked in
the military for a period before moving into a role with the prison service as a prison
guard，the youngest person to ever be employed by the service at the time.
After spending a decade in the fire service including training and recruitment (招
募)，he gained enough experience to become Australia’s most prominent fire service
recruitment expert.Clayton devoted many years of his life to the firefighter
recruitment process and fire service industry.He wanted people to realize the true
value of this profession by establishing its significance.To communicate his
perspective，Clayton established Fire Recruitment Australia in 2009.He aimed to
train the next generation and prepare them for the future.Clayton used his experience
and years－long training to prepare candidates who were as enthusiastic about the
well－being of the world as him.
Keeping the point in mind，Clayton wrote the book Fire Service Recruitment—the
Process to Success.His idea was to join his learning into an accessible medium so
others didn’t have to waste years wondering what to do when applying to become a
firefighter.After the success of the book ， Clayton introduced candidates to acomprehensive test preparation and learning suite to facilitate ( 促 进 ) success
throughout each stage of the selection process.This platform helped him as well as his
candidates to work together for the betterment of themselves and ultimately society at
large.
1.What made Clayton’s belief stronger?
A.The military experience.
B.The support of his family.
C.The significance of people’s safety.
D.The knowledge he learned from college.
2.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “prominent” in paragraph
3?
A.Stubborn. B.Fearless.
C.Outstanding. D.Energetic.
3.Why did Clayton set up Fire Recruitment Australia?
A.Because he could earn a good reputation.
B.Because he wanted to join his learning into an accessible medium.
C.Because he wanted to realize his dream of being a firefighter leader.
D.Because he hoped to get young people ready for their future career.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.A Man with Great Purpose B.A Book for Career Success
C.An Organization for Well－being D.A Standard for Firefighters
B
(2024·山东青岛统考三模)
By 2050，68% of the global population will live in cities.That’s 2.5 billion more
people than today.In Europe，three out of four of us already live in urban areas，and
the consequences of that are becoming clear.Researchers estimate that nine million
people die every year as a direct result of air pollution.As our cities grow and more
people move into already crowded spaces，what do we need to do to transform our
urban areas into healthy places to live? An increasing body of research tells us that we
should be letting nature back in.Green spaces in cities mitigate the effects of pollution and can reduce a
phenomenon known as the urban heat island effect，which refers to heat trapped in
built－up areas.The effect appears in towns and cities where the heat generated by
people ， transport and industry is trapped in the narrow roads and concrete
structures，unable to escape to the atmosphere.This can bring the temperature in
urban areas up 3－4 ℃ higher than the surrounding countryside，and with that
comes a severe cycle.Increased temperatures in summer lead to an increased demand
for cooling.This expands our energy consumption，which in turn build up fossil fuel
consumption，increasing pollutants in the air and harmful smog on our streets.
Planning cities to include green spaces wherever possible is the first step in
making our urban areas healthier.For example ，adding a layer of vegetation to
rooftops and creating green roofs has proven to reduce the urban heat island
effect.Trees in our streets also play their part，and a variety of tree species can have a
profound effect.Simply having access to green spaces in cities can do wonders for our
stress levels and concentration at work.“People need to interact with nature whenever
the opportunity arises.Something as simple as a five－to－ten－minute break during
the workday can improve well－being and boost productivity，” Cecil，an expert
studying nature in cities says.
5.How does the author bring in the topic in Paragraph 1?
A.By presenting facts. B.By listing examples.
C.By comparing numbers. D.By questioning an estimate.
6.What does the underlined word “mitigate” mean in Paragraph 2?
A.Overcome. B.Change.
C.Ease. D.Shift.
7.What might be a consequence of the urban heat island effect?
A.Lower temperature. B.Energy regeneration.
C.Fuel shortage. D.Air pollution.
8.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.How to Let Nature Back In
B.Why We Need Green Spaces in CitiesC.Heat Effect：An Unavoidable Urban Trouble
D.Green Roofs：Tiny Urban Forests
C
Science and Technology Camp
·Full－day camp for students aged 12－14
·Four－week program July 5－30 | Monday—Friday, 9 am to 4 pm
Week 1 | July 5－9
Week 2 | July 12－16
Week 3 | July 19－23
Week 4 | July 26－30
·Registration begins June 1，2024—register for minimum two weeks.
·Fees: $75 registration fee.$795 per week.Full payment must be made at the time
of registration.
·The deadline for the cancellation to receive a full refund is June 15, 2024.
Camp Structure
Camp days are comprised of eight sessions with two sessions per day while the
final day of the week is reserved for overviews and reflection.The morning sessions
begin at 9 am and end at 12 noon, followed by one hour for lunch.(Campers should
bring their lunches.) Afternoon sessions are scheduled from 1 pm to 4 pm with 15－
minute breaks midway through each session.Snacks are provided at break time.(Food
allergies should be reported at the time of registration.)
Camp Content
Science and Technology camp above all emphasizes entertainment while teaching
students about how websites are designed using various coding languages, rocket
design, practical applications of math and physics, and how to build your own
hydraulic system.
Camp Personnel
The camp is headed by the husband－and－wife team of Doctors James and
Sophie Clark who are experts in the fields of computer science and mechanical
engineering.Our mission is to make sure everyone feels fully supported and excited tobe here.
9.What is the lowest cost of attending the Science and Technology camp?
A.$75. B.$795.
C.$1，590. D.$1，665.
10.What is the main emphasis of Science and Technology camp?
A.Rocket science. B.Fun in learning.
C.Coding languages. D.Hands－on experiences.
11.Who are the camp leaders?
A.Mechanical engineers. B.Medical doctors.
C.A married couple. D.Computer technicians.
D
Mercy Baggs is reflecting on her future.“Should I live to 95，I would do another
parachute jump，”she says.She first jumped when she was 77 in honor of her
achievements as mayor of the Wiltshire town of Calne.Then she jumped again last
March，a day before her 90th birthday，to raise funds for Wiltshire air ambulance.
“This is the thrill of it，”she says.“You go up，and then that door opens and the
wind starts to come through.You experience free －fall for a long time.”She has
always enjoyed risks since she was a child，when people used to look down on
her.But nobody does now.
As a child，she lived in poverty and also went through ups and downs.“I am very
sensitive to people who are more unfortunate，”Baggs says.As a young adult，she
joined the British Transport Commission police ，but dealing with children who
couldn’t find their parents was too much to bear.“I knew what they were going
through.I like kids.I really do.”Later she left the police and worked in Wiltshire
council.But no doubt her childhood fed into her actions as a councillor，and later
mayor in Calne，where she helped to set up a drop－in centre for young people.The
drop－in center was one of the causes she raised money for with that first leap out of
the plane.
But why a parachute jump？At the time，her late husband，John，was ill with
bowel cancer.He said，“I do wish you wouldn’t do it.”She said，“John，it’slife.I’ve got to do something.”
Baggs has never been fazed by ageing.She says that she wanted to show that you
don’t have to sit on your backside knitting or watching television all the time.There’s
a world out there.There’s a life out there.She hopes for at least one more skydive，
maybe a go on a 100 mph zip wire and “a peaceful end”.
12.Why did Mercy Baggs make her first parachute jump?
A.To celebrate her 90th birthday.
B.To make others look up to her.
C.To raise funds for an air ambulance.
D.To mark her term of office as mayor.
13.What impact did her childhood experiences make on her career?
A.She did parachute jumps as a part－time job.
B.She showed great concern for unlucky children.
C.She found it very tough to work with young people.
D.She left the drop－in centre and prepared a run for mayor.
14.What does the underlined word “fazed” mean in the last paragraph?
A.Disturbed. B.Abandoned.
C.Witnessed. D.Embarrassed.
15.What does Baggs intend to convey with one more jump?
A.It is never too old to learn.
B.Enjoy life with her family.
C.Failure is the mother of success.
D.Be brave to face challenges in life.
E
Elizabeth wouldn’t walk or talk as an infant.Angela’s left leg was so enlarged that
it hurt to stand.Emma needed a breathing machine just to sleep.Their suffering may
take different forms，but their stories share a common thread：Neither they nor their
families knew what was actually causing these issues.
Those cases are precisely where the Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN) steps
in.Established in 2008，the UDN’s mission is to provide answers for patients withdiseases that doctors are unable to diagnose.Anyone can apply to the program and the
UDN works hard to screen every application it receives.
Today，the UDN covers 12 clinical sites around the country，and has evaluated
over 1，400 patients.More than 400 of those patients have received a diagnosis
thanks to the UDN.In some of these cases，the network is able to match a patient
with an already known condition.In others，UDN researchers must work to describe
an entirely new disease and enter it into the medical dictionary.The program has
added at least 25 entirely new diseases in this way.Additionally，the UDN covers the
cost of the tests，meaning patients aren’t burdened with crushing medical debt.
“I think they’ve really advanced and changed the whole model for how we
approach many of these illnesses，” says Anne Pariser，director of the Office of
Rare Diseases Research.She says the UDN’s multidisciplinary approach—bringing
different specialists together to talk about challenging cases—has helped advance the
field of rare disease research，especially when it comes to genetic diseases.
Living with a disease without a name can be its own kind of suffering.“You grow
up feeling like，I’m in this，crazy，all by myself，and no one really understands
me，” says Angela Moon，a UDN participant.For patients like her，the UDN
offers hope for treatment，but also for finally being seen.
16.The purpose of the first paragraph is to .
A.arouse the readers’ interest in the UDN
B.give a vivid description of rare diseases
C.introduce the background for the UDN’s founding
D.raise a complicated problem that will be solved later
17.The third paragraph mainly talks about .
A.the way the UDN is operated nationwide
B.the progress the UDN has made so far
C.the reasons why the UDN is so popular
D.the development stages the UDN has gone through
18.What can be learned about Angela Moon?
A.She used to live in despair.B.She failed to identify with others.
C.She is receiving treatment now.
D.There will be a cure for her condition.
19.What can be inferred about the UDN’s work model?
A.It has helped spread the knowledge of undiagnosed diseases.
B.It prioritizes participants’ privacy over solving medical mysteries.
C.It is specifically designed to deal with challenging genetic diseases.
D.It emphasizes close cooperation between specialists in separate fields.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024·河北1月质检)
We usually divide a year into four seasons.However，in Traditional Chinese
Medicine (TCM) theory，there are five seasons—spring，summer，late summer，
fall，and winter.Each of the five has many features which guide us to change our
habits to keep the balance between our body and the external environment.
Winter in TCM
The ancient Chinese believed that winter is the Yin season in nature. 1 So，
winter is the time of year to reflect on health，save strength and regain energy，
preparing ourselves for the start of new life in the spring.
Activities in winter
In TCM theory ， winter is a season to feed ourselves both spiritually and
physically. 2 For example，we can do more writing，reading and other soul－
nourishing(滋养灵魂的) activities.Although energetic exercise should be avoided，
it’s important to keep our body healthy with gentle exercise，especially outdoor
activities，in which we can get fresh air and sunlight.In addition，we should also go
to bed earlier to save more energy. 3
Foods for winter
The principle of harmony between what we eat and the season is based on
hundreds of years of experience in TCM.It suggests that we embrace locally－grown
and seasonable foods，which is the way nature intends us to eat. 4 Most of them
naturally grow in this season—pumpkins ， potatoes ， root vegetables ， wintergreens，carrots，cabbage，mushrooms，and pears.Besides，hot soup，whole
grains and roasted nuts also offer nourishment to feed the body in cold winter
months.But always remember，moderation in all things is important.
Moods in winter
According to TCM theory，stress，depression and unresolved anger can also
weaken our immune (免疫的) system，allowing external factors to affect our body in
winter. 5 Meditation (冥想) and breathing techniques are particularly
helpful，especially in relieving stress.
A.People’s mood varies with the season.
B.Activities in the season have a turn inwards.
C.Eating off－season food is not good for human health.
D.It is inactive，cold and dark，which makes us slow down.
E.During the winter，there are many foods beneficial to us.
F.Everyone can enjoy winter if they live and exercise properly.
G.So，keeping a good feeling is especially important in this cold season.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2024·河北省张家口市高三一模)
Most people will do anything for family，but not many are offered a concrete
opportunity to save a family member’s life. Jose Ramirez’s family had that
opportunity，and they 1 it.
Two years ago，Jose was discovered to be 2 from kidney (肾脏)
failure.When Jose talked to his 3 about it，his younger sister，19－year－old
Kelsey，said she would donate a kidney to him—even before knowing whether a
kidney transplant (移植) was a(n) 4 .
5 ，Jose and his family discovered the Mayo Clinic Kidney Transplant
Program.For Jose，the program was especially helpful in explaining and 6 his
parents of the benefits of living－donor kidney transplants.“For them，it’s two of
their kids，” Jose says.“My parents were more 7 than any of us，so it was
really 8 for them to go to the program’s courses.”
Throughout the process，Kelsey remained 9 to her initial wish to becomeJose’s kidney donor.“When he was qualified to be a transplant recipient，I 10
，” she says.After several examinations and tests，Kelsey got her wish.She was
11 to be Jose’s donor.The transplant went smoothly，and now the two have 12
their normal lives.
As for his sister’s gift，“You can’t just say thank you，” Jose says.“I don’t
know how to explain it.She 13 a surgery that she didn’t have to go through.”
Kelsey 14 that the greatest thanks she could receive are seeing that her brother
has 15 .
1.A.created B.took
C.afforded D.lost
2.A.learning B.separating
C.surviving D.suffering
3.A.doctor B.donor
C.family D.nurse
4.A.option B.aim
C.cause D.problem
5.A.Obviously B.Fortunately
C.Suddenly D.Undoubtedly
6.A.warning B.accusing
C.reminding D.convincing
7.A.stressed B.excited
C.amazed D.disappointed
8.A.unwise B.possible
C.beneficial D.incredible
9.A.committed B.honest
C.used D.equal
10.A.turned up B.signed up
C.sped up D.gave up
11.A.encouraged B.challenged
C.expected D.approved
12.A.dreamt of B.thought ofC.returned to D.adapted to
13.A.performed B.experienced
C.required D.refused
14.A.insists B.predicts
C.suspects D.determines
15.A.proceeded B.quitted
C.responded D.recovered
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2024·山东省济宁市高三二模)
Chinese acupuncture ， also known as the art of “magic needles” ， is 1.
branch of traditional Chinese medicine.It has a long history 2. (date)
back to the Stone Age.It has been used to treat a wide 3. (vary) of health
problems，like severe pains，sports injuries，depression，etc.The World Health
Organization recommends it 4. a good treatment for over 100 medical
problems.
How does it work ？ Special thin needles are placed in the 5.
(target) points of your body.6. (typical)，the number of points range
between 1 and 12，depending on your body situations.The needles are pushed just
under the skin ， though in some cases ， they are pushed slightly 7.
(deep) in order to reach the muscle tissue.The belief behind it is 8.
illness and pain occur because of blocked energy (or Qi) in the body.Acupuncture is
used to reestablish the flow of energy and stimulate the body’s natural healing (治愈)
ability.9. (human) are most happy and healthy when this energy is
harmonious and balanced.Following treatment，you’ll feel incredibly relaxed and
calm.
Due to its unique contribution，Chinese acupuncture 10. (name) a
UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2010 ， fully indicating its worldwide
recognition.
