专题16 完形填空（新高考15 空）-2023 年高考真题及模拟题汇编
2023 年高考真题
Close 1
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota.
Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was
carrying a ____23____ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____24____ when
a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey
took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let
Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue
could get ____28____ attention.
Once there, Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious
injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme ____30____ to make it to that aid checkpoint
without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more ____31____ about why her act is considered a big ____32____. “She was just
crying. I couldn’t ____33____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the ____34____, they’ve since become friends.
Neither won the race, but the ____35____ of human kindness won the day.
21. A. designed
B. followed
C. changed
D. finished
22. A. delay
B. chance
C. trouble
D. excuse
23. A. judge
B. volunteer
C. classmate
D. competitor
24. A. race
B. school
C. town
D. training
25. A. agreed
B. returned
C. stopped
D. promised
26. A. courage
B. aid
C. patience
D. advice
27. A. went away
B. stood up
C. stepped aside
D. bent down
28. A. medical
B. public
C. constant
D. equal
29. A. interrupted
B. assessed
C. identified
D. appreciated
30. A. hunger
B. pain
C. cold
D. tiredness
31. A. worried
B. ashamed
C. confused
D. discouraged
32. A. game
B. problem
C. lesson
D. deal
33. A. leave
B. cure
C. bother
D. understand
34. A. ride
B. test
C. meet
D. show
35. A. secret
B. display
C. benefit
D. exchange
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34.
C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey 背着另一个参
赛者Danielle Lenoue 过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
【21 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey 应该更早完成比赛。A. designed 设计；B. followed 跟随；C.
changed 改变；D. finished 完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet
to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey 在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，
因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey 应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
【22 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay 延误；B. chance 机
会；C. trouble 麻烦；D. excuse 借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____1____ the course earlier than
she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey 应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲
过终点线。故选A。
【23 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge 裁判；B. volunteer 志
愿者；C. classmate 同学；D. competitor 参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-
country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
【24 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey 跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名
选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race 比赛；B. school 学校；C. town 城镇；D. training 训练。根据第一段的
“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey 跑到比赛的三分之二多
的时候”。故选A。
【25 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed 同意；B. returned 回来；C.
stopped 停止；D. promised 答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴
Danielle Lenoue。故选C。
【26 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey 扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage 勇气；B. aid 帮助；
C. patience 耐心；D. advice 建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助
下向前走。故选B。
【27 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey 弯下腰，让Lenoue 爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又
走了300 英尺，到Lenoue 接受治疗的地方。A. went away 离开； B. stood up 站起来；C. stepped aside 让路；
D. bent down 弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey 弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。
故选D。
【28 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey 弯下腰，让Lenoue 爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后
又走了300 英尺，到Lenoue 接受治疗的地方。A. medical 医疗的；B. public 公众的；C. constant 持续不断的；
D. equal 平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue 很疼，所以是要接受治疗，
medical attention 意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
【29 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue 在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受
了重伤。A. interrupted 打断；B. assessed 评估；C. identified 识别；D. appreciated 感激。根据下文“later
taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
【30 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey 的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。
A. hunger 饥饿；B. pain 疼痛；C. cold 感冒；D. tiredness 疲劳。根据第5 空前的“began crying in pain”可知，
此处表示“如果没有Bailey 的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。
【31 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried 担
心的；B. ashamed 惭愧的；C. confused 困惑的；D. discouraged 泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just
doing the right thing”可知，Bailey 觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感
到困惑。故选C。
【32 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game 游戏；
B. problem 问题；C. lesson 课；D. deal 交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可
知，Bailey 觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal 意为
“非常重要的事”。故选D。
【33 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave 离开；B. cure 治愈；C. bother 打扰；D. understand 理解。
根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue 爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300 英尺。
可知，Bailey 看见Lenoue 哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
【34 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A.
ride 短途旅程；B. test 测试；C. meet 体育比赛；D. show 展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed
in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句
子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
【35 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret 秘密；B.
display 展示；C. benefit 利益；D. exchange 交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried
her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，
Bailey 背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。
Close 2
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a
family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight ___21___. They could not afford to
pay for ___22___ for their dog, Tiffy, and ___23___ wanted to take her with them.
It just ___24___ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___25___ to take
Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to ___26___ Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very ___27___. George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I
could tell this was ___28___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___29___ and trust that everything would
_____30_____.
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me _____31_____ Tiffy into the plane. I promised
to take care of Tiffy and _____32_____ them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was _____33_____, and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she _____34_____ with Karen
and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so _____35_____ and sent me a nice e-mail
with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
21. A. turn
B. budget
C. schedule
D. connection
22. A. food
B. shelter
C. medicine
D. transportation
23. A. desperately
B. temporarily
C. secretly
D. originally
24. A. appeared
B. proved
C. happened
D. showed
25. A. waited
B. offered
C. hurried
D. failed
26. A. see off
B. look for
C. hand over
D. pick up
27. A. confused
B. nervous
C. annoyed
D. curious
28. A. hard
B. fine
C. common
D. lucky
29. A. coworker
B. passenger
C. stranger
D. neighbor
30. A. speed up
B. work out
C. come back
D. take off
31. A. feed
B. follow
C. change
D. load
32. A. call
B. join
C. leave
D. serve
33. A. unnecessary
B. unexpected
C. unavoidable
D. uneventful
34. A. returned
B. fought
C. flew
D. agreed
35. A. thankful
B. generous
C. proud
D. sympathetic
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34.
C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws 网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另
一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。
【21 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn 转折点；B. budget
预算；C. schedule 时间表；D. connection 联系。根据“They could not afford to pay for ___2___ for their dog,
Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。
【22 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy 的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A. food 食物；B.
shelter 庇护；C. medicine 药；D. transportation 交通。根据“They had to move to Virginia but they were on a
very tight ___1___ .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy 的交通费。故选
D。
【23 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy 的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A. desperately 非
常、拼命地；B. temporarily 暂时地；C. secretly 秘密地；D. originally 起初。根据“wanted to take her with
them.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。
【24 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen 正在计划另一次PNP 飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy
从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared 出现；B. proved 证明；C. happened 碰巧；D. showed 展示。根据“I
was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另
一次PNP 飞行。故选C。
【25 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen 正在计划另一次PNP 飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy
从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited 等待；B. offered 提供、主动提出；C. hurried 匆忙；D. failed 失败。根
据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen 主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy 从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼
亚。故选B。
【26 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see off 为……送行；B. look for 寻找；
C. hand over 移交；D. pick up 接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到
托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。
【27 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy 的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A. confused 困惑的；B.
nervous 紧张的；C. annoyed 恼怒的；D. curious 好奇的。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm,
but I could tell this was ___8___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___9___ and trust that everything would
___10___ .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。
【28 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George 试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗
留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. hard 困难的；B. fine 好的；C. common 常见的；D. lucky 幸
运的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“having to leave his dog to a ___9___ and trust that
everything would ___10___ .”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。
【29 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George 试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留
给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. coworker 合作者；B. passenger 乘客；C. stranger 陌生人；D.
neighbor 邻居。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可
知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。
【30 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George 试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留
给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. speed up 加速；B. work out 解决；C. come back 回来；D. take
off 起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可知，
让狗的主人George 相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。
【31 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George 和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy 送上飞机。A. feed 喂养；B.
follow 跟随；C. change 改变；D. load 装载。load into 装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者让
George 和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy 装入飞机。故选D。
【32 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call 打电话；B.
join 加入；C. leave 离开；D. serve 服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨
斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。
【33 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy 是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary 没有必要的；B.
unexpected 意想不到的；C. unavoidable 不可避免的；D. uneventful 太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great
passenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。
【34 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen 一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George 那里。
A. returned 返回；B. fought 打仗；C. flew 飞；D. agreed 同意。根据“It just ___4___ that I was planning
another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___5___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，
Karen 带狗Tiffy 飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。
【35 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A. thankful
感激的；B. generous 慷慨的；C. proud 骄傲的；D. sympathetic 同情的。通读全文，再根据“and sent me a
nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George 非常感激。故选A。
2023 年名校模拟题
Close 1
（2023·广东佛山·统考模拟预测）The future is burning bright for Smell of Love Candles and its 12-year-old
CEO. After 1 the business in his family’s kitchen about two years ago, Alejandro will bring his candles to
a world-famous shopping mall next week.
The 2 for Smell of Love came to Alejandro in 2019 when he discovered his mom’s head hurt from
the smell of the candles she 3 . Despite loving candles very much, she had no choice but to 4
them. Unwilling to see his mom 5 , Alejandro started testing alternatives that would be 6 to
make candles. To his delight, the first product was a 7 with his mom and her headache disappeared.
After deciding to form a business, Alejandro started brainstorming potential 8 . “You smell candles,
and they bring joy and love into your home, so why don’t we call them ‘Smell of Love Candles’?” he said. “The
name truly goes with his 9 ,” said his mom. “Bringing happiness to others has been a big 10
in everything he does.”
Now Alejandro becomes the 11 stand owner of the nation’s most popular shopping mall. “We are
very excited to support Alejandro with the opportunity to 12 his Smell of Love candles,” says the
manager. “This is the first time that we have rented a place to a kid and 13 it will inspire more kids to
follow their 14 .”
Alejandro’s business is doing well, and he’s making money. Besides saving for school, he donates to charities
monthly. To Alejandro, 15 isn’t only about making money. It’s about spreading love and helping
others.
1．A．learning
B．joining
C．starting
D．expanding
2．A．hope
B．time
C．idea
D．search
3．A．lit
B．saw
C．held
D．make
4．A．get addicted to B．make use of
C．take advantage of
D．get rid of
5．A．sad
B．angry
C．worried
D．embarrassed
6．A．stable
B．healthy
C．recyclable
D．convenient
7．A．hit
B．bond
C．concern
D．trial
8．A．names
B．profits
C．products
D．locations
9．A．age
B．interest
C．talent
D．personality
10．A．leap
B．theme
C．discovery
D．challenge
11．A．busiest
B．richest
C．wisest
D．youngest
12．A．share
B．promote
C．create
D．improve
13．A．generally
B．fortunately
C．amazingly
D．certainly
14．A．steps
B．passions
C．movements
D．instructions
15．A．effort
B．ambition
C．success
D．responsibility
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．D 10．B
11．D 12．B 13．D 14．B 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了12 岁的亚历杭德罗如何在家里开始他的“爱的味道”蜡烛生
意，并将他的蜡烛带到了世界著名的购物中心，这个生意不仅仅是为了赚钱，更是为了传递爱和帮助他人。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约两年前，亚历杭德罗在家里的厨房里开始了他的生意，下周，他将把
蜡烛带到一家世界著名的购物中心。A. learning 学习；B. joining 加入；C. starting 开始；D. expanding 扩张。
根据“Alejandro will bring his candles to a world-famous shopping mall next week.”可知，亚历杭德罗两年前在
家里的厨房里开始了他的生意。故选C。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2019 年，亚历杭德罗发现妈妈点燃的蜡烛气味让她头疼，于是萌生了制作
“爱的味道”的想法。A. hope 希望；B. time 时间；C. idea 想法；D. search 搜寻。根据“when he
discovered his mom’s head hurt from the smell of the candles she ____3____.”可知，亚历杭德罗制作蜡烛想法
是因为妈妈点燃的蜡烛气味让她头疼。故选C。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019 年，亚历杭德罗发现妈妈点燃的蜡烛气味让她头疼，于是萌生了制作
“爱的味道”的想法。A. lit 点燃；B. saw 看见；C. held 握住；D. make 制作。根据“the smell of the
candles”可知，这里指点燃蜡烛散发的气味。故选A。
4．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：尽管妈妈非常喜欢蜡烛，但她别无选择，只能把蜡烛扔掉。A. get
addicted to 沉溺于；B. make use of 利用；C. take advantage of 利用；D. get rid of 除去；丢弃。根据“The
____2____ for Smell of Love came to Alejandro in 2019 when he discovered his mom’s head hurt from the smell
of the candles she ____3____.”可知，点燃蜡烛散发的气味让母亲头疼，所以不得不把蜡烛丢弃。故选D。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亚历杭德罗不愿看到妈妈伤心，他开始测试健康的替代品来制作蜡烛。
A. sad 难过的；B. angry 生气的；C. worried 担心的；D. embarrassed 尴尬的。根据“Despite loving candles
very much, she had no choice but to ____4____ them.”可知，妈妈喜欢蜡烛，但不得不丢弃，所以很难过。故
选A。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亚历杭德罗不愿看到妈妈伤心，他开始测试健康的替代品来制作蜡烛。
A. stable 稳定的；B. healthy 健康的；C. recyclable 在利用；D. convenient 便利的。根据“Alejandro started
testing alternatives”可知，亚历杭德罗用健康的替代品来制作蜡烛。故选B。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他高兴的是，第一款产品很受他妈妈的欢迎，她的头痛消失了。A. hit 打
击；很受欢迎的人(或事物)；B. bond 结合；C. concern 关心；D. trial 试验。根据“and her headache
disappeared.”可知，亚历杭德罗的第一款产品受他妈妈的欢迎。故选A。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在决定创业后，亚历杭德罗开始为潜在的名字进行头脑风暴。A. names 名
字；B. profits 利润；C. products 产品；D. locations 位置。根据““You smell candles, and they bring joy and
love into your home, so why don’t we call them ‘Smell of Love Candles’?” he said.”可知，亚历杭德罗想为自己
制作的蜡烛起名字。故选A。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这个名字真的很符合他的性格，”他妈妈说。 A. age 年纪；B. interest 兴
趣；C. talent 才能；D. personality 个性。根据“Bringing happiness to others has been a big ____10____ in
everything he does.”可知，妈妈认为“爱的味道”这个名字很符合亚历杭德罗的性格。故选D。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为他人带来快乐一直是他做任何事的一大主题。A. leap 跳跃；B. theme 主
题；C. discovery 发现；D. challenge 挑战。根据“Bringing happiness to others”可知，为他人带来快乐一直是
亚历杭德罗做任何事的一大主题。故选B。
11．考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：现在，亚历杭德罗成为了这个国家最受欢迎的购物中心最年轻的
摊主。A. busiest 最繁忙的；B. richest 最富有的；C. wisest 最明智的；D. youngest 最年轻的。根据“The
future is burning bright for Smell of Love Candles and its 12-year-old CEO.”和下文“This is the first time that we
have rented a place to a kid”可知，亚历杭德罗只有12 岁，是购物中心最年轻的摊主。故选D。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位经理说：“我们很高兴能支持亚历杭德罗，让他有机会推广他的爱的
味道蜡烛。”A. share 分享；B. promote 促进；推广；C. create 创造；D. improve 提升。根据“We are very
excited to support Alejandro with the opportunity”可知，经理支持亚历杭德罗推广他的爱的味道蜡烛。故选
B。
13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是我们第一次把地方租给孩子，这肯定会激励更多的孩子追随自己的激
情。A. generally 普遍地；B. fortunately 幸运地；C. amazingly 惊奇地；D. certainly 一定。根据“This is the
first time that we have rented a place to a kid”可知，经理认为这样的行为肯定会激励更多的孩子追随自己的激
情。故选D。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我们第一次把地方租给孩子，这肯定会激励更多的孩子追随自己的激
情。A. steps 步骤；B. passions 激情；C. movements 活动；D. instructions 教诲。根据“This is the first time
that we have rented a place to a kid and ____13____”可知，将摊位租给孩子，会激励更多的孩子追随自己的
激情。故选B。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对亚历杭德罗来说，成功不仅仅是赚钱。A. effort 努力；B. ambition 雄心；
C. success 成功；D. responsibility 责任。根据“It’s about spreading love and helping others.”可知，对亚历杭德
罗来说，成功不仅仅是赚钱，更多的是关于传播爱和帮助他人。故选C。
Close 2
（2023·湖南·校联考模拟预测）Oleita thinks she may have a partial solution for two of her country’s
persistent problems: garbage and poverty. It’s called the Chip Bag Project. The 26-year-old student and
environmentalists from Detroit are asking for a(n) 16 of local snack lovers: 17 throw your empty
chip bags into the trash, 18 them so she can 19 them into sleeping bags for the homeless.
Chip eaters drop off their 20 bags at two locations in Detroit: a print shop and a clothing store, where
Oleita and her volunteer helpers 21 them. After they sanitize (净化) the chip bags in soapy hot water, they
22 them open, lay them flat, and iron them together. They use pad-ding (填料) from old coats to fill the insides.
It takes about four hours to 23 a sleeping bag, and each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags, 24
whether they’ re single-serve or family size. The 25 of the sleeping bag is “waterproof (防水的), light
weight, and easy to 26 around,” Oleita told The Detroit News.
Since it started in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected more than 800,000 chip bags and has 27
110 sleeping bags. Sure, it would be 28 to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. But that’s only half
the 29 for Oleita and her fellow volunteers. “We are 30 to making an impact not only socially,
but environmentally,” Oleita says.
16．A．option
B．favor
C．question
D．decision
17．A．Rather than
B．Other than
C．More than
D．Less than
18．A．hide
B．decorate
C．donate
D．sell
19．A．put
B．force
C．break
D．turn
20．A．empty
B．old
C．reused
D．recycled
21．A．bury
B．collect
C．burn
D．rid
22．A．find
B．burst
C．paint
D．slice
23．A．keep
B．sew
C．display
D．distribute
24．A．deciding on
B．insisting on
C．depending on
D．holding on
25．A．feature
B．chance
C．dream
D．wish
26．A．gather
B．look
C．carry
D．run
27．A．bought
B．discovered
C．cleaned
D．created
28．A．simpler
B．tougher
C．more complicated
D．more emotional
29．A．imagination
B．goal
C．secret
D．gesture
30．A．exposed
B．submitted
C．devoted
D．attached
【答案】16．B 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．A 21．B 22．D 23．B 24．C
25．A 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自底特律的26 岁学生兼环保主义者奥莱塔通过回收空薯片袋，为
无家可归的人制作睡袋，既帮助了贫困人群，又保护了环境。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位来自底特律的26 岁学生和环保人士正在请求当地小吃爱好者的帮助：
A. option 选择；B. favor 帮助，恩惠；C. question 问题；D. decision 决定。根据文章内容和下文“she can
4
them into sleeping bags for the homeless.”可知，她希望零食爱好者能捐赠空薯片袋，以便她能够用这
些空薯片袋为无家可归者制作睡袋，由此可知，她希望零食爱好者能帮个忙，“ask a favor of sb.”意为“请
求某人帮忙”。故选B。
17．考查固定短语辨析。句意：与其把你的空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐赠出去，这样她就可以把
它们变成无家可归者的睡袋。A. Rather than 而非；B. Other than 除了……以外，不同于；C. More than 超过，
不仅仅；D. Less than 不足。根据“
3
them so she can
4
them into sleeping bags for the
homeless.”可知，不是把空薯片扔掉，而是用它们帮助无家可归的人。故选A。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与其把你的空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐赠出去，这样她就可以把
它们变成无家可归者的睡袋。A. hide 隐藏；B. decorate 装饰；C. donate 捐赠；D. sell 售卖。根据“for the
homeless”可知，是捐赠给无家可归的人。故选C。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与其把你的空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐赠出去，这样她就可以把
它们变成无家可归者的睡袋。A. put 放置；B. force 强迫；C. break 打破；D. turn 转动，转变。根据“your
empty chip bags”和“them into sleeping bags”可知，是把空的薯片口袋变成睡袋，turn…into…“把……变
成……”。故选D。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：吃薯片的人把他们的空袋子放在底特律的两个地方：一家印刷店和一家
服装店，奥莱塔和她的志愿者在那里收集。A. empty 空的；B. old 旧的；C. reused 再生的；D. recycled 回收
利用的。根据上文“
2
throw your empty chip bags into the trash”可知，是把空的薯片口袋集中放在
两个地方。故选A。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：吃薯片的人把他们的空袋子放在底特律的两个地方：一家印刷店和一家服
装店，奥莱塔和她的志愿者在那里收集。A. bury 埋葬；B. collect 收集；C. burn 燃烧；D. rid 摆脱，消除。
根据“at two locations in Detroit: a print shop and a clothing store”可知，这样做的目的是便于收集空的薯片口
袋。且下文“Since it started in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected more than 800,000 chip bags”也是提示。
故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在肥皂热水中对薯片口袋进行消毒后，将其切开，放平，然后将其熨
在一起。A. find 发现；B. burst 爆发；C. paint 绘画；D. slice 把……切开。根据“lay them flat, and iron them
together.”可知，此处是指把薯片口袋切开，放平然后熨烫在一起，这样面积会比较大。故选D。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：缝制一个睡袋大约需要四个小时，每个大约需要150 到300 个薯片口袋，
这取决于它们是单份还是家庭大小。A. keep 保持；B. sew 缝制；C. display 展示；D. distribute 分发。根据
上文“After they sanitize(净化)the chip bags in soapy hot water, they
7
them open, lay them flat, and
iron them together.”可知，切开的薯片口袋需要缝制在一起才能成为睡袋。故选B。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：缝制一个睡袋大约需要四个小时，每个大约需要150 到300 个薯片口袋，
这取决于它们是单份还是家庭大小。A. deciding on 决定；B. insisting on 坚持；C. depending on 依靠，取
决于；D. holding on 坚持，保持。根据“whether they’ re single-serve or family size.”可知，缝制一个睡袋的
时间取决于睡袋的大小。故选C。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“睡袋的特点是防水、重量轻、便于携带，” 奥莱塔告诉《底特律新闻
报》。A. feature 特点；B. chance 机会；C. dream 梦想；D. wish 希望。根据“waterproof(防水的), light
weight,”可知，这是睡袋的特点。故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“睡袋的特点是防水、重量轻、便于携带，” 奥莱塔告诉《底特律新闻
报》。A. gather 收集，聚集；B. look 看着；C. carry 携带；D. run 运营。结合常识可知，重量轻就便于携带。
故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2020 年启动以来，薯片袋项目已经收集了80 多万个薯片袋，并制作了
110 个睡袋。A. bought 购买；B. discovered 发现；C. cleaned 打扫；D. created 创造，制作。根据上文“
2
throw your empty chip bags into the trash,
3
them so she can
4
them into sleeping
bags for the homeless.”可知，此处是指用空薯片口袋制作睡袋。故选D。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，筹钱买新睡袋会更简单。A. simpler 更简单的；B. tougher 更困难
的；C. more complicated 更复杂的；D. more emotional 更有感情的。根据下文““We are
15
to
making an impact not only socially, but environmentally,” Oleita says.”可知，他们的目的不仅仅帮助无家可归
的人，也要保护环境，因此虽然筹钱买睡袋更简单，但他们选择了将空薯片口袋变成睡袋，这样既能提供
帮助，又对环境有益。故选A。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这只是奥莱塔和她的志愿者同伴们目标的一半。A. imagination 想象；B.
goal 目标；C. secret 秘密；D. gesture 手势。根据下文“We are
15
to making an impact not only
socially, but environmentally,”可知，此处是指他们的目标。故选B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：奥莱塔说：“我们不仅致力于对社会产生影响，而且致力于对环境产生影
响。”A. exposed 暴露的；B. submitted 顺从的；C. devoted 全心全意的；D. attached 附属的。根据上文
“Oleita thinks she may have a partial solution for two of her country’s persistent problems: garbage and poverty.”
可知，奥莱塔开展这个项目的目标是为了解决垃圾和贫困两个问题，由此可知，她和志愿者们致力于在社
会上和环境上产生影响，be devoted to “致力于”。故选C。
Close 3
（2023·广东·广州市第二中学校联考模拟预测）A few years ago, I was leaving the doghouse where I
worked only to find a baby goat. The doghouse’s owners are known animal 31 , and I figured someone
abandoned him over the fence. The kid was visibly nervous but stood perfectly still as I 32 .
I’m an animal lover and I’ve brought home many animals, but never a goat. The kid was too adorable to 33
. I named him Quincy, and with the help of some 34 friends, bottle-fed him in my bathroom.
Quincy proved to be intelligent. When he was about a week old, I 35 my fingers on the floor and
said “Lie down.” I was amazed when he 36 . I was even more amazed when he did it three times in a row.
A quick study! Quincy learned to lie down, bow, and turn in a circle 37 . He jumps in the back of my
SUV when I say “load up,” and spends the day 38 with my dogs.
I love to train animals and often take my dogs to 39 where they can perform their tricks. Quincy did
his first show when he was just six weeks old. He knew only a few 40 then, but he did them 41
and never misbehaved.
Now he has a whole 42 : He’ll shake hooves, come when called, walk on a leash (拴绳) and
wave. Quincy can even “read” his tricks off cue cards, which always earns the most 43 .
It’s hard to believe that the kid 44 wanted turned out to be one of the smartest and most good-
natured animals I’ve ever had. He’s by far the 45 of my bunch-just don’t tell the dogs!
31．A．masters
B．trainers
C．rescuers
D．feeders
32．A．smiled
B．left
C．neared
D．turned
33．A．resist
B．relive
C．recall
D．return
34．A．patient
B．experienced
C．educated
D．creative
35．A．pushed
B．laid
C．scratched
D．tapped
36．A．dropped down B．rushed out
C．turned up
D．headed off
37．A．in a hurry
B．in no time
C．at first
D．at will
38．A．dealing
B．fighting
C．living
D．wandering
39．A．adventures
B．shows
C．experiments
D．crowds
40．A．tricks
B．instructions
C．performances
D．acts
41．A．continuously
B．instantly
C．perfectly
D．actively
42．A．list
B．intention
C．feature
D．behavior
43．A．respect
B．applause
C．profits
D．awards
44．A．everyone
B．somebody
C．nobody
D．anyone
45．A．most adorable B．strongest
C．most reliable
D．sharpest
【答案】31．C 32．C 33．A 34．B 35．D 36．A 37．B 38．D 39．B
40．A 41．C 42．A 43．B 44．C 45．D
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述作者和他捡到的小山羊Quincy 的故事。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：狗舍的主人是著名的动物救助者，我估计有人把它遗弃在围栏外。A.
masters 主人；B. trainers 教练；C. rescuers 救援人员；D. feeders 饲养员。根据“and I figured someone
abandoned him over the fence.”可知，作者断定小山羊是被遗弃的，是因为狗舍的主人是著名的动物救助员，
小山羊不可能是主人的。故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：小山羊显然很紧张，但当我走近时，他站得一动不动。A. smiled 微笑；B.
left 离开；C. neared 靠近；D. turned 转动。根据下文“I named him Quincy”可知，作者收养了小山羊，由此
推知，此处指作者靠近它，看看它的情况。故选C。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：小山羊太可爱了我抵挡不住（收留它）。A. resist 抵抗；B. relive 重温；C.
recall 回忆；D. return 返回，归还。根据“The kid was too adorable”推知，作者没有忍住，收留了小山羊。
故选A。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我给他起名叫昆西，在一些经验丰富的朋友的帮助下，我在浴室里用奶
瓶喂他。A. patient 耐心的；B. experienced 有经验的；C. educated 有教养的；D. creative 有创造性的。根据
“bottle-fed him in my bathroom”推知，作者受到了一些有经验的朋友的指点。故选B。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他大约一周大的时候，我用手指轻拍浴室地板，说“躺下”。A. pushed
推；B. laid 放置；C. scratched 搔，划破；D. tapped 轻敲。根据下文“my fingers on the bathroom floor and
said “Lie down.””可知，作者要发出示意小山羊“躺下”的指令，所以他应该是用手指轻拍浴室地板，发出
响声。故选D。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他倒下时，我很惊讶。A. dropped down 下降；B. rushed out 冲出去；C.
turned up 出现；D. headed off 拦截，阻止发生。根据上文“I
5
my fingers on the floor and said “Lie
down.””推知，小山羊按作者的口令躺下了，drop down 符合题意。故选A。
37．考查固定短语辨析。句意：昆西很快学会了躺下、鞠躬和转圈。A. in a hurry 匆忙地；B. in no time 立
即，很快；C. at first 首先；D. at will 任意，随意。根据上文“I was even more amazed when he did it three
times in a row. A quick study!”可知，昆西的学习能力很强，所以很快学会了躺下、鞠躬和转圈。故选B。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我说“上车”时，他跳到我的SUV 后面，整天和我的狗一起闲逛。A.
dealing 处理；B. fighting 打架，努力；C. living 居住，生活；D. wandering 漫游，闲逛。结合语境可知，此
处是指小山羊昆西常常和作者的狗玩在一起。故选D。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢训练动物，经常带我的狗去表演他们的把戏。A. adventures 冒险经
历；B. shows 表演，演出；C. experiments 实验；D. crowds 人群。根据“where they can perform their tricks.”
推知，作者常常将他的动物带去演出的地方表演。故选B。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时它只知道几个把戏，但它做得很完美，从不在人群面前表现不当或紧
张。A. tricks 诀窍，小把戏；B. instructions 指示，说明；C. performances 表演；D. acts 行为，行动。根据
上文“I love to train animals and often take my dogs to
9
where they can perform their tricks.”可知，
小动物们会被作者训练，表演一些小把戏。故选A。
41．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. continuously 持续地；B. instantly 立即；C. perfectly 非常，完美地；
D. actively 积极地。根据“never misbehaved”可知，昆西的表演很完美。故选C。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：句意：现在他有了一个完整的表演清单：他会抖蹄，应召而来，在绳子上
走，以及挥手。A. list 清单；B. intention 目的，意图；C. feature 特点；D. behavior 行为。根据“He’ll shake
hooves, come when called,walk on a leash(拴绳)and wave.”可知，这是昆西的表演清单。故选A。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Quincy 甚至可以在提示牌上“读出”它的小把戏，这总是赢得最多的掌声。
A. respect 尊重；B. applause 鼓掌；C. profits 好处，利益；D. awards 奖品。根据上文“Quincy can even
“read” his tricks off cue cards”可知，Quincy 可以读出提示牌上的小把戏，所以应该是赢得最多的掌声。故
选B。
44．考查代词词义辨析。句意：很难相信没人想要的小山羊竟然是我见过的最聪明、最善良的动物之一。
A. everyone 每人；B. somebody 某人；C. nobody 没有人；D. anyone 任何人。根据上文“I figured someone
abandoned him over the fence.”可知，小山羊是作者捡到的，所以是没有人要的。故选C。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它是我这群动物中最聪明的，只是别告诉狗！A. most adorable 最可爱的；
B. strongest 最壮的；C. most reliable 最可靠的；D. sharpest 最锋利的，最聪明的。根据上文“one of the
smartest and most good-natured animals I’ve ever had”可知，作者认为昆西是他养的那群动物里最聪明的。故
选D。
Close 4
（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）Sean looked at his father, who was standing confidently at the helm(舵). Sean
couldn’t 46 all of the sailing terms father taught him. He hated to ask, but pushed himself anyway.
“Which way are we turning?”, anticipating father’s 47 . “ We’ re coming about,” his father said 48
.
Suddenly, the sky turned grey and the wind began blowing wildly. “Sean, take the helm.” father called. Sean
49 He didn’t want to, but he also didn’t want to see father’s 50 look. “Uh…sure,” Sean replied.
“Just keep her going straight. I’ ll check something.” Sean 51 the helm from time to time. Now the
52 wind changed its direction, catching him off guard. The boat 53 , leaving ropes and nets slipping
to the opposite side. “Dad!” Sean cried, but the wind swallowed(吞没) his 54 . Sean didn’t see his father
as the sail blocked his 55 .
Then he saw his father in the water! Sean 56 the rope that his father had used to teach him sailing
knots(结) now to save his father.
As he 57 the trick father taught him, he formed the knot and pulled it tight. He quickly tied the
other 58 onto the boat, and then threw the rope to his father. After climbing back, his father said, “You
59 my life, son.” Sean felt a rush of 60 and pride, smiling.
46．A．revise
B．choose
C．translate
D．remember
47．A．approval
B．response
C．encouragement
D．understanding
48．A．repeatedly
B．sadly
C．firmly
D．politely
49．A．refused
B．cheered
C．waved
D．hesitated
50．A．blank
B．curious
C．pained
D．disappointed
51．A．grasped
B．righted
C．shifted
D．missed
52．A．calm
B．fresh
C．soft
D．strong
53．A．tipped
B．stopped
C．sank
D．floated
54．A．anger
B．complaint
C．voice
D．body
55．A．view
B．way
C．action
D．thought
56．A．packed up
B．wound up
C．reached for
D．wished for
57．A．recorded
B．recited
C．shared
D．explained
58．A．end
B．side
C．net
D．rope
59．A．saved
B．changed
C．defined
D．shaped
60．A．puzzle
B．relief
C．guilt
D．gratitude
【答案】46．D 47．B 48．C 49．D 50．D 51．B 52．D 53．A 54．C
55．A 56．C 57．B 58．A 59．A 60．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个父亲和儿子在一次帆船出行中发生的故事。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sean 记不住父亲教他的所有航海术语。A. revise 修订；B. choose 选择；C.
translate 翻译；D. remember 记住。根据“He hated to ask, but pushed himself anyway. “Which way are we
turning?””可知，Sean 是没有记住父亲教他的一些航海术语。故选D 项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们往哪个方向走?”期待着父亲的回应。A. approval 批准；B. response
答复；C. encouragement 鼓励；D. understanding 理解。根据上文“He hated to ask, but pushed himself anyway.
(他讨厌问，但还是逼迫自己。)”可知，“Which way are we turning?”是Sean 的提问，在期待父亲的回应。
故选B 项。
48．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我们会回来的。”他的父亲坚定地说。A. repeatedly 重复地；B. sadly 伤
心地；C. firmly 坚定地；D. politely 礼貌地。根据父亲的回答“We’re coming about”展示了他充满自信地掌
控舵，可知他的回答是坚定的。故选C 项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sean 犹豫了。A. refused 拒绝；B. cheered 欢呼；C. waved 挥手；D.
hesitated 犹豫。根据“he didn’t want to”和““Uh…sure,” Sean replied.”可知， Sean 犹豫不觉。故选D 项。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不想，但是也不想看到父亲失望的样子。A. blank 空白；B. curious 好
奇；C. pained 痛苦；D. disappointed 失望。根据“he didn’t want to”和““Uh…sure,” Sean replied.”可知，他
是不想掌舵，却答应了，因此他不想看到父亲对他失望。故选D 项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sean 肖恩不时地握着舵。A. grasped 抓，握住；B. righted 纠正；C. shifted
改变方向；D. missed 错过。根据前文“Just keep her going straight.(只要让她直行。)”可知，Sean 掌舵，需
要是不是的纠正方向，让船保持直行。故选B 项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在强风改变了方向，让他措手不及。A. calm 镇静；B. fresh 清新；C.
soft 软；D. strong 强。根据上文“the wind began blowing wildly”可知，是强风，故选D 项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：船倾斜了，绳子和渔网滑落到对岸。A. tipped 倾斜；B. stopped 停止；C.
sank 沉没；D. floated 漂浮。根据“ropes and nets slipping to the opposite side”可知，船是倾斜了导致绳索和
网滑向对面，故选A 项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“爸爸!”Sean 哭了，但风吞没了他的声音。 A. anger 愤怒；B. complaint 抱
怨；C. voice 声音；D. body 身体。根据据上文“the wind began blowing wildly”可知，Sean 叫父亲的声音被
风吞没了，故选C 项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sean 没有看到他的父亲，因为帆挡住了他的视线。A. view 视线；B. way
方式；C. action 行动；D. thought 思想。根据“Sean didn’t see his father”可知，是船帆挡住了Sean 的视线，
故选A 项。
56．考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：Sean 伸手去拿父亲用来教他航海结的绳子，现在为了救他的父亲。A.
packed up 收拾好；B. wound up 焦躁不安；C. reached for 伸手去拿；D. wished for 希望。根据前文“his
father in the water”及空后“the rope that his father had used to teach him sailing knots(结) now to save his father.”
可知，他是伸手去拿绳子，故选C 项。
57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他背诵父亲教给他的技巧时，他打了个结并拉紧了它。A. recorded 记录
B. recited 背诵；C. shared 共享；D. explained 解释。根据“he trick father taught him”可知，在救父亲的时候，
Sean 需要用到他父亲教给他的绳结技巧，所以在脑海中重复父亲教给他的方法。故选B 项。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他迅速将另一根绳子绑在船上，然后将绳子扔给父亲。A. end 端；B. side
旁边；C. net 网；D. rope 绳。根据下文“threw the rope to his father”可知，Sean 把绳子系在了船上，然后把
另外一端扔给了父亲，故选A 项。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爬回来后，他的父亲说：“你救了我的命，儿子”。A. saved 救；B.
changed 改变；C. defined 定义；D. shaped 形状。根据“After climbing back,”可知，父亲掉入水中，Sean 用
绳子救回来了，故选A 项。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：肖恩感到一阵宽慰和自豪，微笑着。A. puzzle 谜题；B. relief 解脱；欣慰；
C. guilt 内疚；D. gratitude 感激。根据上文的“After climbing back”下文的smiling 可推出，父亲对肖恩说他
救了自己的命，父亲化险为夷，肖恩松了一口气，感到欣慰和自豪，面带微笑。故选B 项。
Close 5
（2023·湖南长沙·长郡中学校考模拟预测）When I was in sixth grade, I joined the band program to learn to
play the clarinet (单簧管). The beginning of the year had gone 61 . But as most students progressed, I
seemed to fall behind. One day, when my teacher told us to play in front of the other students. I was filled with fear.
I knew I would 62 . When I began to play, my rhythms (节奏) were good, but my tone was another 63
. “Did you practice your lesson?” the teacher barked at me. I felt so ashamed and my world came 64
down in an instant.
From then on, I hated playing the clarinet and I kept getting 65 . With the day of the new
performance approaching, I grew increasingly upset. In a moment of 66 , I asked for sick leave. It was so
relieving and such a(n) easy way out.
The avoidance of my lessons continued until my mum asked me about it. “I want to quit.” My tears started
67 . “If you really want to quit, why are you crying?” asked Mum. She 68 and I realized I wanted to
stay in band and, by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to 69 out of. I
made a resolution not to hide from my fears and to stand up to even the worst of them, so a 70 could
be achieved.
The next day I met with my band teacher and told her I was having a problem and couldn’t 71
why. She asked me gently to play for her. I tried, but only an unpleasant sound came out. She didn’t shout at me and
handed me a new reed (簧片). I put it in place and tried again. To my great 72 I could play well. My
problem was solved and my fear was 73 a lot that year.
Looking back, I’m glad that I overcame my fear. Fear can 74 everything in a person’s life. Hiding
from those very fears only creates a hole, which makes a person stay 75 inside. After facing up to a
fear, one may find life easier and much more enjoyable.
61．A．badly
B．endlessly
C．randomly
D．smoothly
62．A．mess up
B．move on
C．set out
D．take off
63．A．impression
B．essay
C．story
D．factor
64．A．crashing
B．moving
C．selling
D．bending
65．A．stricter
B．worse
C．happier
D．smarter
66．A．joy
B．panic
C．doubt
D．sympathy
67．A．drying
B．disappearing
C．flowing
D．separating
68．A．had a point
B．made a change
C．reached a level
D．took a break
69．A．send
B．bring
C．pick
D．climb
70．A．balance
B．degree
C．position
D．solution
71．A．figure out
B．give away
C．think over
D．make up
72．A．anger
B．sorrow
C．disappointment
D．surprise
73．A．felt
B．shown
C．removed
D．voiced
74．A．consume
B．examine
C．reflect
D．rescue
75．A．unknown
B．unpunished
C．interested
D．trapped
【答案】61．D 62．A 63．C 64．A 65．B 66．B 67．C 68．A 69．D
70．D 71．A 72．D 73．C 74．A 75．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过克服了演奏单簧管的恐惧领悟到了恐惧会消耗人的生活，逃避
它，只会创造一个无法爬出来的洞，面对它，人生会变得更加轻松和愉快。
61．考查副词短语辨析。句意：年初过得很顺利。A. badly 糟糕地；B. endlessly 无止境地；C. randomly 随
机地；D. smoothly 顺利地。根据下句“But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall behind.(但随着大多数
学生的进步，我似乎落后了)”可知，But 前后表示转折，But 后说慢慢地自己落后了，所以这里应是说这一
年刚开始的时候很顺利。故选D。
62．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我知道我会搞砸的。A. mess up 搞砸，弄糟；B. move on 继续前进；C. set
out 出发；D. take off 起飞。根据前句“I was filled with fear.(我充满了恐惧。)”可知，作者内心恐惧，感觉
自己会演奏不好，把事情搞砸。故选A。
63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我开始演奏时，我的节奏很好，但我的音调是另一回事。A. impression
印象；B. essay 文章；C. story 故事，描述；D. factor。but 前后表示转折，前面“my rhythms(节奏) were
good”讲作者的节奏好，所以这里是说自己的音调不好。another story 意为“另一回事，不同情况(通常指不
好的一面)”。故选C。
64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到非常羞愧，我的世界瞬间崩溃了。A. crashing 崩溃，坍塌；B.
moving 移动；C. selling 出售；D. bending 弯曲。根据句中的“I felt so ashamed”可知，受到老师的指责后，
作者很羞愧，世界崩溃了。故选A。
65．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：从那时起，我讨厌吹单簧管，而且我越来越糟。A. stricter 更严厉的；B.
worse 更糟的；C. happier 更开心的；D. smarter 更聪明的。根据句中的“hated playing the clarinet”可知，因
为讨厌弹簧管，作者的表现变得越来越糟糕。故选B。
66．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一阵恐慌中，我请了病假。A. joy 高兴；B. panic 恐慌；C. doubt 怀疑；
D. sympathy 同情。根据下文中的“my fears”可知，这里是fear 的同义词复现，表示作者很恐慌。故选B。
67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的眼泪开始流下来。A. drying（使）变干；B. disappearing 消失；C.
flowing 流；D. separating（使）分开。根据下文中的“why are you crying”可知，作者哭了。故选C。
68．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她说得有道理，我意识到我想留在乐队里，而且因为我没有面对自己的恐
惧，我创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。A. had a point 说得有道理；B. made a change 做出改变；C. reached a
level 达到一个水平；D. took a break 休息。根据空后的“and I realized...”可知，妈妈的话让作者意识到了自
己的问题，所以妈妈的话很有道理。故选A。
69．考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. send 发送；B. bring 带来；C. pick 捡起；D. climb 爬。根据前
面的“a black hole”可知，这个黑洞难以爬出来。故选D。
70．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心不逃避自己的恐惧，即使是最糟糕的恐惧也要勇敢面对，这样
才能找到解决方案。A. balance 平衡；B. degree 程度；C. position 位置；D. solution 结局方案。根据下文中
的“My problem was solved”可知，作者要找到解决方案解决自己的问题。故选D。
71．考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，我见了我的乐队老师，告诉她我遇到了一个问题，不知道为什么
这样。A. figure out 弄清楚；B. give away 泄露；C. think over 仔细考虑；D. make up 编造，化妆。根据空后
的“why”可知，作者不知道为什么会出现这个问题。故选A。
72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，我能演奏得很好。A. anger 气愤；B. sorrow 悲伤；C.
disappointment 失望；D. surprise 惊讶。根据空后的“I could play well”可知，换了新的簧片之后，作者惊讶
地发现自己能演奏好了。故选D。
73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一年，我的问题得到了解决，我的恐惧也消除了很多。A. felt 感觉；B.
shown 显示；C. removed 消除；D. voiced 表达。根据下文中的“I overcame my fear”可知，作者那年的恐惧
消除了许多。故选C。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：恐惧会吞噬一个人生活中的一切。A. consume 消耗，毁灭；B. examine 检
查；C. reflect 反映；D. rescue 拯救。根据下句“Hiding from those very fears only creates a hole, which makes
a person stay
15
inside.(躲避这些恐惧只会产生一个洞，让人被困在里面。)”可知，逃避会让人一
直困在恐惧当中，这会消耗人生活当中的一切。故选A。
75．考查形容词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A. unknown 未知的；B. unpunished 未受惩罚的；C. interested 感
兴趣的；D. trapped 受困的。这里与上文中的“created a black hole that would be difficult to
9
out of”
相照应，说明这个洞会让人一直困在里面，难以爬出来。故选D。
Close 6
（2023·广东·华南师大附中校考三模）At a restaurant in scenic Augsburg, Germany, waiter Paul is busy at
work. From behind the bar, Paul has a good 76 of the Lech river. The weather is hot. He can see that,
along the shore, people are picnicking and children are playing. Many are 77 their feet in the river. The
meltwater from the Alps means the water is very cold and it flows 78 .
Among those are a mother and her two teenage daughters. The girls are standing on the 79 of the
riverbank, playing with an inflatable tube (充气筒) when, suddenly, they lose their footing and are 80 in
the river’s current.
It all happens so fast. The girls desperately grab on to the tube, which their mother is sitting in. Now all three
are being 81 by the current. When Paul sees this, his mind 82 . Why isn’t anyone helping
them? 83 , he sees that one of them keeps sinking. 84 having no lifesaving training, he jumps
into the river.
As Paul gets closer to them, he can 85 that the mother seems to be in the most trouble; she is
drowning. He recalls a movie in which a lifeguard grabs a drowning 86 and pulls the person ashore while
swimming on his back. Paul tries this, but the woman’s clothing makes her so 87 ; he keeps being
dragged under, too. He needs a new 88 .
Paul dives under the drowning woman, pushing her toward the shore. He can’t 89 if it took four or
five pushes before an onlooker is able to get 90 enough to grab the woman’s hand, pulling her to shore.
He plunges into the current again and thankfully he manages to rescue the two girls in the same way he did their
mother.
76．A．impression
B．look
C．feeling
D．view
77．A．wiping
B．planting
C．dragging
D．cooling
78．A．smoothly
B．quickly
C．constantly
D．freely
79．A．edge
B．foot
C．surface
D．top
80．A．swimming
B．traveling
C．caught
D．drowned
81．A．carried away
B．taken back
C．washed off
D．washed up
82．A．explodes
B．wanders
C．races
D．blanks
83．A．Disappointed
B．Horrified
C．Annoyed
D．Thrilled
84．A．In spite of
B．Regardless of
C．Due to
D．Instead of
85．A．examine
B．check
C．believe
D．tell
86．A．victim
B．actor
C．director
D．dog
87．A．calm
B．restless
C．heavy
D．cold
88．A．chance
B．plan
C．lifeguard
D．tool
89．A．determine
B．understand
C．recall
D．imagine
90．A．strong
B．brave
C．kind
D．close
【答案】76．D 77．D 78．B 79．A 80．C 81．A 82．C 83．B 84．A
85．D 86．A 87．C 88．B 89．C 90．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Paul Blachut 在一家餐厅当服务员，该餐厅位于莱赫河边。一个
温暖的周日下午，河边上有许多人来游玩。其中一位母亲和她的两个十几岁的女儿站在岸边，玩着充气管，
突然，被河水冲走了，但是无人去救助她们。当Paul 看到了不远处的这三个女人挥舞着手臂，试图抓住任
何可以抓到的东西时，他跳进河里成功营救了她们。
76．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从吧台后面，保罗可以清楚地看到莱赫河。A. impression 印象；B. look 观
看；C. feeling 感受；D. view 视野。根据“He can see that, along the shore, people are picnicking and children
are playing.”可知，保罗在工作的吧台位置可以有很好的视野看到莱赫河。故选D。
77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人在河里给脚降温。A.wiping 擦拭；B. planting 种植；C. dragging 拉
拽；D. cooling(使)变凉。根据“The weather is hot.”可知，天气炎热，很多人在河里给脚丫降温。故选D。
78．考查副词词义辨析。句意：来自阿尔卑斯山的融水意味着水很冷，流得很快。A. smoothly 顺利地；B.
quickly 快速地；C. constantly 不断地；D. freely 免费地。根据“The meltwater from the Alps means the water
is very cold and it flows”及常识可知，阿尔卑斯山上的融水水流很快。故选B。
79．考查名词词义辨析。句意：女孩们站在河边，玩着充气管，突然，她们失去了立足点，被困在了河水
中。A. edge 边缘；B. foot 脚步；C. surface 表面；D. top 顶部。根据“of the riverbank”可知，女孩们在河边
站着。故选A。
80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩们站在河边，玩着充气管，突然，她们失去了立足点，被困在了河水
中。A. swimming 游泳；B. traveling 旅游；C. caught 困住；D. drowned 溺水。根据“The girls are standing
on the
4
of the riverbank, playing with an inflatable tube (充气管) when, suddenly, they lose their
footing and are”可知，她们被困在水流中。故选C。
81．考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在这三个人都被水流冲走了。A. carried away 带走；B. taken back 拿回；
C. washed off 冲洗掉；D. washed up 洗刷干净。根据“Why isn’t anyone helping them?”可知，她们被水流冲
走，但是没有人帮助她们。故选A。
82．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当保罗看到这一幕时，他的思维开始加速。A. explodes 爆炸；B. wanders
闲逛；C. races 加速；D. blanks 空白。根据“When Paul sees this”可知，看到女孩被冲走，保罗思维开始加
速。故选C。
83．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：感到惊恐的是，他看到其中一个人不断下沉。A. Disappointed 失望的；
B. Horrified 惊恐的；C. Annoyed 生气的；D. Thrilled 兴奋的。根据“he sees that one of them keeps sinking.”
可知，看到有一个人下沉，保罗很惊恐。故选B。
84．考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管没有接受过任何救生训练，他还是跳进了河里。A. In spite of 尽管
（一般用于客观上无法避免的事实，往往是不利的条件，因素，需要主语去正确面对和处理，并不是避而
远之）；B. Regardless of 不管（一般是主观上故意去忽视，有时往往是好的条件，因素，或他人的建议，
很可能导致不好的结果）；C. Due to 由于；D. Instead of 代替。根据“having no lifesaving training, he jumps
into the river.”可知，尽管保罗没接受过救生训练，他还是跳进河里救人。此处表示一种客观上无法避免的
事实，A 项符合语境。故选A。
85．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当保罗靠近他们时，他可以看出这位母亲似乎遇到了最大的麻烦；她快被
淹死了。A. examine 检查；B. check 查看；C. believe 相信；D. tell 看出。根据“As Paul gets closer to them,
he can”可知，走近一些保罗可以看出。故选D。
86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回忆起一部电影，其中一个救生员抓住了一个溺水的受害者，边仰泳边
把他拉上岸。A. victim 受害者；B. actor 演员；C. director 导演；D. dog 狗。根据“and pulls the person
ashore ”可知，这是一个溺水的受害者。故选A。
87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：保罗试着这样做，但那女人的衣服使她太重了；他也一直被拖下水。A.
calm 冷静的；B. restless 不安的；C. heavy 重的；D. cold 寒冷的。根据“he keeps being dragged under, too.”
可知，女人的衣服使她太重。故选C。
88．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要一个新计划。A. chance 机会；B. plan 计划；C. lifeguard 救生员；D.
tool 工具。根据“he keeps being dragged under, too.”可知，这个方法行不通，保罗需要一个新计划。故选
B。
89．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不记得是推了四次还是五次，一个旁观者才能够靠近抓住女人的手，把
她拉到岸边。A. determine 决心；B. understand 理解；C. recall 回想起；D. imagine 想象。根据“if it took
four or five pushes before an onlooker”可知，保罗不记得当时推了几次。故选C。
90．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不记得是推了四次还是五次，一个旁观者才能够靠近抓住女人的手，
把她拉到岸边。A. strong 强壮的；B. brave 勇敢的； C. kind 善良的；D. close(空间或时间上)靠近的。根据
“enough to grab the woman’s hand,”可知，一个旁观者靠近来帮忙。故选D。
