专题11 阅读理解一轮复习难点突破2（名师点津+名校模拟）解析版
目录
人物性格题3 篇
P2
【名师点津】
P2
【高考真题】
P2
【名校模拟】
P3
事件评价题3 篇
P7
【名师点津】
P7
【高考真题】
P7
【名校模拟】
P8
隐含推断题3 篇
P12
【名师点津】
P12
【高考真题】
P12
【名校模拟】
P14
找共同点题3 篇
P1
7
【名师点津】
P17
【高考真题】
P17
【名校模拟】
P20
预测下段题3 篇
P23
【名师点津】
P23
【高考真题】
P23
【名校模拟】
P24
文章出处题3 篇
P28
【名师点津】
P28
【高考真题】
P28
【名校模拟】
P31
人物性格题3 篇
【名师点津】
人物“人物性格题”的最优处理方法：
第一、先整体把握人物经历、产品性能及文章主题，多为弘扬“真善美”主旋律主题。
第二、结合题干锁定原文答题区间，圈划关键词句，尤其是动词和形容词，注意提炼态度倾向。
第三、比对选项形容词的褒贬性，多为并列型，一对一错，采用“排除法”，去伪存真确定答案。
【高考真题】
(2024 新课标I 卷) “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针
灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his
coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one
of a small but growing number of American veterinarians ( 兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine –
combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He
became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried
muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was
amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work
on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.
Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says,
she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was
able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy,
“moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any
indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association
has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything
to help an animal. That’s my job.”
24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him?
A. He’s odd.
B. He’s strict.
C. He’s brave.
D. He’s rude.
25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets?
A. He was trained in it at university.
B. He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C. He benefited from it as a patient.
D. He wanted to save money for pet owners.
26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment.
B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work.
C. Examples of rare animal diseases.
D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association?
A. To prove Farber’s point.
B. To emphasize its importance.
C. To praise veterinarians.
D. To advocate animal protection.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应
用于动物，并取得了初步成效。
24. 细节理解题。根据第一段的“ If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his
coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同
事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber 的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇
怪。故选A。
25.细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed
that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his
patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.(然后，他尝
试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效
的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，
Farber 作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。
26.主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie
had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her
dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla
Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic
adjustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠
状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)
报告说，她的马纳皮(Nappy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲
述了两个例子，一个是Farber 通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy
在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。
27.推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular
with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American
Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. ( 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合
疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982 年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会
员已经从30 个增加到700 多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽
医协会的会员已经从30 个增加到700 多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选
A。
【名校模拟】
（25-26 高三上·海南省直辖县级单位·阶段练习）Life can feel terribly unfair. However, for some people,
when life hands them the worst lemon, they try their best to make a lemonade.
Jessie Joy Rees is just such a person. The blonde-haired, California kid with the big personality as fun as a
day at the beach became the voice of courage for kids with cancer. Athletic and energetic, Jessie had her whole
world in front of her until she was diagnosed with an inoperable brain tumor（肿瘤）in 2011. Doctors estimated
that she had just 1% chance of survival and less than a year to live. With no other treatment options, her family
entered Jessie for a clinical trial. For weeks she underwent 30 rounds of radiotherapy. Amazingly, the pain and
uncertainty never lessened her shine, and Jessie always remained positive throughout it all.
Three weeks into her treatment, Jessie asked a mature question for such a young girl. Looking out at the
other children who were also going through cancer treatment, she asked her parents: “How can we help them?”
“She was determined to make other cancer kids happy,” her father Erik tenderly remembers. “How could we not
help?”
Though 12-year-old Jessie had a slight chance of beating cancer, she resolved to make the most of her time.
The morning after her diagnosis, Jessie was at the kitchen table packing bags of toys for other cancer patients. The
packages became hospital-safe plastic jars stuffed with toys, crafts and activities to surprise children while they are
in the hospital for treatment. Joy Jars, named after Jessie’s middle name, contain a little bit of fun during ordinary
days, but mostly they contain a little bit of Jessie’s positive attitude that fills the room every time one is opened.
Jessie Joy Rees, a special soul who could radiate so much good in so short a time, passed away less than a
year from her diagnosis. But her parents keep the joy alive. More than 400,000 Joy Jars have been delivered to
children undergoing cancer treatment in all 50 states and over 50 countries, with each stamped with her life
philosophy “Never Ever Give Up”.
1. What can we learn about Jessie from paragraph 2?
A. She was a brain cancer patient.
B. She was a young athlete.
C. She refused treatment.
D. She was cured in California.
2. What inspired Jessie’s creation of Joy Jars?
A. Her goal to save her life.
B. Her goal to raise funds for her treatment.
C. Her wish to get rid of her pain.
D. Her wish to bring joy to fellow patients.
3. Which of the following can best describe Jessie?
A. Outgoing and responsible.
B. Sympathetic and optimistic.
C. Confident and graceful.
D. Unique and determined.
4. What does the article want to tell us?
A. It is never too late to mend.
B. Joy and sorrow are next-door neighbors.
C. Faith can move mountains.
D. When life gives you lemons, make lemonade.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位12 岁身患癌症的小女孩面对病魔依旧积极乐观，并且通过制
作乐罐将快乐和希望带给其他正在对抗癌症的小孩的故事。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Athletic and energetic, Jessie had her whole world in front of her until she
was diagnosed with an inoperable brain tumor in 2011. (杰西原本精力充沛、活力四射，人生前路一片光明，
然而2011 年，她被诊断出患有无法手术的脑瘤，这一切都改变了。)”可知，Jessie 患有脑瘤，故选A。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段“She was determined to make other cancer kids happy (她决心让其他癌症儿
童快乐)”和第四段中“The morning after her diagnosis, Jessie was at the kitchen table packing bags of toys
for other cancer patients. (确诊后的那个早晨，杰西在厨房的桌子旁为其他癌症患者打包玩具)”可知，
Jessie 制作Joy Jars 的目的是为了给患癌的孩子们带来快乐，提供情感上的支持，故选D。
3. 推理推断题。根据第二段“Amazingly, the pain and uncertainty never lessened her shine, and Jessie
always remained positive throughout it all. (令人惊讶的是，痛苦和不确定从未减弱她的光芒，杰西始终保
持积极的态度。)”可知，Jessie 是一位乐观的女孩；根据第三段“Looking out at the other children who
were also going through cancer treatment, she asked her parents: “How can we help them?” (看着其他同样
在接受癌症治疗的孩子，她问她的父母:“我们能怎么帮助他们?”)”可知，Jessie 是一位有同情心的人，因此
可用“有同情心”和“乐观”描述Jessie。故选B。
4. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Life can feel terribly unfair. However, for some people, when life hands them
the worst lemon, they try their best to make a lemonade. (生活有时会显得格外不公。但对有些人而言，当
命运递给他们最酸涩的“柠檬”时，他们仍会竭尽全力将其酿成甘甜的“柠檬水”。)”可知这是个隐喻，
意在表明遇到困难积极应对，化不利为有利，根据第四段“Though 12-year-old Jessie had a slight chance
of beating cancer, she resolved to make the most of her time. The morning after her diagnosis, Jessie was at
the kitchen table packing bags of toys for other cancer patients. The packages became hospital-safe plastic
jars stuffed with toys, crafts and activities to surprise children while they are in the hospital for treatment.
JoyJars, named after Jessie’s middle name, contain a little bit of fun during ordinary days, but mostly they
contain a little bit of Jessie’s positive attitude that fills the room every time one is opened.(虽然12 岁的杰西
有一点点战胜癌症的机会，但她决心充分利用自己的时间。确诊后的那个早晨，杰西在厨房的桌子旁为其
他癌症患者打包玩具。这些包裹后来变成了医院里安全的塑料罐子，里面装满了玩具、手工制品和各种活
动用品，用来给那些在医院接受治疗的孩子们一个惊喜。“欢乐罐”是以杰西的中间名命名的，它们在平
常的日子里能带来些许乐趣，但更重要的是，每打开一个罐子，里面都蕴含着杰西那积极向上的态度，这
种态度能充满整个房间)”可知，Jessie 在短暂的生命中传播了快乐，她的故事体现了在面对困难时创造积
极影响，也就是变困境为机会，因此本文是想告诉我们D 选项“When life gives you lemons, make
lemonade.(当生活给你柠檬时，把它做成柠檬水。)”。故选D。
（25-26 高三上·重庆万州·开学考试）I had studied civil engineering at college. Growing up in an
impoverished rural area, I was fascinated by architecture in cities, and I hoped to design buildings myself
someday.However, as my degree progressed, I became interested in research and wanted to continue my academic
journey. I wasn’t sure what to study at first. Then the flood came, and it all became clear.
After spending much of my summer volunteering in affected communities, I decided to focus my career on
natural disasters, exploring the various factors behind them, as well as their impacts on society. As a first step, I
applied for a master’s program in development studies — a multidisciplinary(多门学科的) program that included
coursework in sustainable development, geography, and economics, as well as hands-on community projects.
This decision shocked my friends and family. Relatives kept asking my parents why I was leaving
engineering to study social sciences. They warned my parents, who only have a primary education, that this path
might make it hard for me, their only son, to find a job.However, I was determined and went ahead with what I
thought was right for me.
The program, which exposed me to projects that helped communities plan for climate change and other
troubles, convinced me I was on the right path. I was excited to start the program and be surrounded by some of the
brightest minds in the country. Sharing what I’ve learned with people in my community has also given me
satisfaction.
There have been challenges along the way, but the opportunity to dig into an issue I care so passionately
about and try to help people makes it all worthwhile. Above all, my journey has taught me that it’s OK to follow my
heart, even when the path seems unconventional.
5. What motivated the author to shift his academic focus?
A. A natural disaster experience.
B. Exposure to urban architecture.
C. A great deal of pressure from his family.
D. Financial difficulties in his hometown.
6. What was the author’s relatives’ attitude to his decision?
A. Supportive.
B. Appreciative.
C. Disapproving.
D. Unemotional.
7. How did the program affect the author?
A. It made him question his career choice.
B. It strengthened his decision to change fields.
C. It convinced him to switch back to engineering.
D. It discouraged him from continuing his studies.
8. Which words can best describe the author?
A. Hesitant but passionate.
B. Cautious but interesting.
C. Determined and passionate.
D. Conventional and cautious.
【答案】5. A 6. C 7. B 8. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者从土木工程转向灾害研究的学术历程，及该过程中的经历与感
悟。
5. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, as my degree progressed, I became interested in research and
wanted to continue my academic journey. I wasn’t sure what to study at first. Then the flood came, and it all
became clear.(然而，随着学位课程的推进，我对研究产生了兴趣，并希望继续我的学术道路。起初我不确
定要学什么。然后洪水来了，一切都变得清晰了。)”以及第二段首句“After spending much of my summer
volunteering in affected communities, I decided to focus my career on natural disasters...(在受灾社区做了大
半个夏天的志愿者后，我决定将职业生涯聚焦于自然灾害……)”可知，一次自然灾害（洪水）的经历促使
作者转变了学术研究方向。故选A 项。
6. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Relatives kept asking my parents why I was leaving engineering to study
social sciences. They warned my parents, who only have a primary education, that this path might make it
hard for me, their only son, to find a job.(亲戚们不断问我父母，为什么我要放弃工程学而改学社会科学。
他们警告只有小学学历的父母，这条路可能会让我——他们唯一的儿子——很难找到工作。)”可知，亲戚
们对作者的决定持反对态度。故选C 项。
7. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The program, which exposed me to projects that helped communities
plan for climate change and other troubles, convinced me I was on the right path.(这个项目让我接触到帮助
社区应对气候变化和其他问题的规划项目，这让我确信自己走在了正确的道路上。)”可知，该项目坚定了
作者转换研究领域的决心。故选B 项。
8. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“However, I was determined and went ahead with what I thought was
right for me.( 然而，我意志坚定，坚持做我认为对自己正确的事。)” 体现了作者的“ 坚定
（Determined）”；再根据第五段中的“the opportunity to dig into an issue I care so passionately about
and try to help people makes it all worthwhile.(能够深入研究一个我满怀热情关注的问题，并努力帮助他人，
这一切都变得值得了。)”体现了作者的“热情（passionate）”。因此，“坚定且热情”最能描述作者。故
选C 项。
事件评价题3 篇
【名师点津】
“事件评价题”的最优处理方法：
第一、先整体把握人物经历、产品性能及文章主题，多为弘扬“真善美”主旋律主题。
第二、结合题干锁定原文答题区间，圈划关键词句，尤其是动词和形容词，注意提炼态度倾向。
第三、比对选项形容词的褒贬性，多为并列型，一对一错，采用“排除法”，去伪存真确定答案。
【高考真题】
(2025 浙江1 月卷) A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. Referred
to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even
some of the designing. Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and power tools, it’s based on an elegantly simple principle:
to garden more like nature does.
The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War II in
a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance. Planners created planting mixes that could be used
modularly (模块化). In a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow
together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds.
Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf’s gardens popularized this style, adding artistic flavors to the
planting mixes while playing with color and form, including four-season interest and serving the needs of wildlife.
Beautiful year-round, they invite you to enjoy the smallest detail, from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to
the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads.
It takes a lot of thought to look this natural. While matrix gardens appear wild, they are carefully planned, with
cultural needs the first consideration. Led by the concept of “right plant, right place,” they match plants that enjoy
the same soil, sun and weather conditions, and arrange them according to their patterns of growth.
The benefits are substantial for both gardener and planet. With human inputs dramatically reduced, the
garden’s ecology can develop well. Established matrix gardens should not need the life support we give most
gardens: fertilizer, dividing, regular watering. Compared to traditional garden plots, they increase carbon
absorption, reduce storm water runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly.
28. What does the underlined word “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean?
A. Running out of.
B. Keeping away from.
C. Putting up with.
D. Taking advantage of.
29. Why was the idea of matrix planting introduced?
A. To control weeds in large gardens.
B. To bring in foreign species of plants.
C. To conserve soil and water resources.
D. To develop low-maintenance parkland.
30. Which of the following best describes Piet Oudolf’s gardens?
A. Traditional.
B. Odd-looking.
C. Tasteful.
D. Well-protected.
31. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A. The future of gardening is WILD
B. Nature treats all lives as EQUALS
C. Matrix gardens need more CARE
D. Old garden plots work WONDERS
【导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了矩阵式种植方法的理念、起源、发展、原则及其带来的益处。这种种
植方法通过精心规划植物组合，减少人工干预，发挥自然的最大作用，从而创建一个自给自足的生态系统，
不仅美观，还能显著提升环境效益。
28. B。词义猜测题。根据首段第二句“Referred to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do
a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing.”以及最后一句中的to garden
more like nature does 可知，矩阵式种植方法旨在减少人工干预，发挥自然在花园的生长和设计中的更大作
用。故Eschewing 应该指减少、摒弃化肥以及园艺电动工具的使用，故选B。
29. D。事实细节题。根据第二段首句“The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant
large areas of parkland after World War II in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance.”可
知，矩阵式种植的目的是开发维护度极低的公园用地。develop low-maintenance parkland 是plant large
areas of parkland ...need minimal maintenance 的同义表达，故选D。
30. C。推理判断题。根据第三段中的adding artistic flavors、playing with color and form、Beautiful、
enjoy the smallest detail、the sound of grasses、the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads 可知，Piet Oudolf
的花园融入了艺术特色，巧妙运用色彩和形态，四季皆美，细节丰富，具有观赏价值。Tasteful 意为“雅
致的；有品位的”，是对artistic、Beautiful、enjoy 的概括。
31. A。主旨大意题。文章首段开门见山，介绍矩阵式种植方法的理念：减少人工干预，发挥自然的作用。
第二、三段介绍这种设计方法的起源和发展，第四段聚焦矩阵式种植的原则“适地适树”，末段分析这种
设计方法带来的益处。据此可知，文章旨在介绍一种新型园艺设计方法“矩阵式种植”，A 项中WILD 意
为“自然生长的”，契合矩阵式种植的理念，故选A。
【名校模拟】
（25-26 高三上·黑龙江·开学考试）Walk around most large cities in Europe and the United States, and
you’d be thinking that we’re living in a new world of affordable and effortless mobility for all, with the smartphone
in your pocket an entrance to shared bikes and electric cars. But if you’re disabled or elderly, living in a low-
income area or without a smartphone or credit card, using these shared mobility services becomes a lot more
difficult.
Shared mobility could be a key part of a more sustainable transportation system. But to be most effective, it
needs to include everyone. Right now, various initiatives and projects are seeking creative solutions to reach
underserved communities.
The E-Bike Library model was born in such context. E-bike libraries address a number of barriers: The bikes
are free, and the libraries are hosted by places that are already an important part of the community. In addition to
maintaining the bikes, the programs also organize training, group rides and educational events to familiarize people
with cycling culture and safety.
For Mobitwin, a social transportation service for elderly people and those with reduced mobility, personal
interactions and affordability are important. Founded by the Belgian mobility nongovernmental organization
Mpact, Mobitwin lets elderly people request a vehicle ride from a volunteer for a minimal fee. The program, which
has been running since the 1980s, currently serves around 40,000 people in Belgium.
Being able to get out and about is a crucial part of participating in society, and reduced mobility in old age
goes hand in hand with social isolation and loneliness, according to Esen Köse, project manager at Mpact. “We
want to make sure that people who are often not in the social cycle of going to work or school, who are actually
often left out, still have an option to get out of the house and do the simple daily things, like going to the grocery
store or seeing families,” he says, “our big goal is to engage as many people as possible in shared mobility, so
supporting service is essential to facilitate this shift.”
1. What is the problem with the current shared mobility according to the text?
A. Disturbance to traffic order.
B. Overdependence on smart devices.
C. Limited involvement of certain groups.
D. Heavy financial burden for vehicle users.
2. How does the E-Bike Library help underserved groups?
A. By upgrading cycling facilities.
B. By publishing cycling-related books.
C. By building a cycling-support community. D. By providing safety guarantees for cycling.
3. Which of the following words best describes Mobitwin?
A. Experimental.
B. Commercial.
C. Accessible.
D. Digital.
4. What can you infer from Esen Köse’s words?
A. Social mobility depends on financial aid.
B. Shared mobility promotes green travel shift.
C. Public mobility is mainly based on device updates.
D. Mobility is a key to the elderly’s emotional wellness.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. C 4. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了两个项目，致力于解决共享移动服务人群覆盖不足的问题。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“ But if you’re disabled or elderly, living in a low-income area or
without a smartphone or credit card, using these shared mobility services becomes a lot more
difficult.(但如果你身有残疾、年事已高、居住在低收入地区或者没有智能手机和信用卡，那么使用这些共
享出行服务就会变得困难得多)”和第二段“But to be most effective, it needs to include everyone.(但要
发挥最大的效力，它就必须让所有人都参与进来)”可知，残疾人群和老年人群使用共享移动服务困难，共
享移动服务需要将社会的每一个人包括进来。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The E-Bike Library model was born in such context. E-bike libraries
address a number of barriers: The bikes are free, and the libraries are hosted by places that are
already an important part of the community. In addition to maintaining the bikes, the programs
also organize training, group rides and educational events to familiarize people with cycling culture
and safety.(“电动自行车图书馆”模式正是在这种背景下应运而生的。电动自行车图书馆解决了诸多难题：
这些自行车是免费提供的，而且图书馆设立在已经深深融入社区的场所内。除了维护自行车外，这些项目
还组织培训、团体骑行活动以及教育活动，以帮助人们熟悉骑行文化和安全知识)”可知，电动自行车图书
馆通过建立一个支持骑行的社群帮助那些弱势群体。故选C。
3. 推理判断题。根据第四段“For Mobitwin, a social transportation service for elderly people and
those with reduced mobility, personal interactions and affordability are important. Founded by the
Belgian mobility nongovernmental organization Mpact, Mobitwin lets elderly people request a vehicle
ride from a volunteer for a minimal fee.(对于“摩比特温”这一专为老年人及行动不便者提供的社交出
行服务而言，人际互动和价格合理性至关重要。该服务由比利时的非政府组织“姆帕克特”创立，它允许
老年人向志愿者申请乘车服务，并只需支付少量费用)”可知，Mobitwin 使老年人能以极低廉的价格获得
志愿者搭载服务，特点是“可获得的”。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。根据第五段“We want to make sure that people who are often not in the social
cycle of going to work or school, who are actually often left out, still have an option to get out of
the house and do the simple daily things, like going to the grocery store or seeing families(我们希望
确保那些通常无法参与正常工作或上学的群体（他们往往会被排除在外），仍然能够有机会走出家门，去
做一些简单的日常事情，比如去超市购物或者探望家人)”和“Being able to get out and about is a
crucial part of participating in society, and reduced mobility in old age goes hand in hand with
social isolation and loneliness, according to Esen Köse, project manager at Mpact.( 埃森· 科斯是
“Mpact”项目的负责人，他表示：“能够外出活动是参与社会生活的重要组成部分，而老年人行动能力
的下降往往伴随着社交孤立和孤独感的产生。”)”可知，增强老年人的活动能力，使其有条件走出家门参
与日常社会活动是减少其情感孤独的关键因素之一。故选D。
（25-26 高三上·贵州贵阳·阶段练习）I initially became a Spanish teacher not out of passion but necessity
— like many in their twenties, stuck in a quarter-life crisis, trying to find a way to make some extra money.
That’s how one morning I found myself downloading a language app, creating a profile, and recording an
introduction video hoping to convince potential students to book a trial lesson with me. Despite watching tutorials
(教程) online for only seven hours, I pretended to be a qualified teacher.
But on the other side, my first student, Robert — an American living in Medellin, Spain — changed
everything. He wasn’t trying to master grammar or speak perfect textbook Spanish. He wanted to improve his
fluency and learn the local paisa slang, so he could understand the people in the street stands, the bakery guy, the
lady selling coffee.
I remember our first class vividly. I explained the difference between a rolo, a caleno, or a samario, which
led to discussions about regional accents, word meanings, and how everything changes depending on who says it
and how. Robert also shared his life in Ohio, experiences in Latin America, and his relationship with food and
people.
Our Spanish classes turned into a sort of cultural lab. In that back-and-forth of ideas, we unknowingly started
building bridges. It hit me that teaching a language goes far beyond teaching grammar. It’s about opening the door
to a new world and inviting someone else to walk through it.
I now believe language teaching is a powerful tool for building bridges across cultures and for revealing
stereotypes that divide us. In a globalized world, language teachers are perhaps — agents of change and social
transformation, sharing culture through lived experiences.
5. Why did the author download a language app?
A. To book a trial lesson.
B. To watch tutorials online.
C. To learn a new language.
D. To earn additional income.
6. What is Robert’s goal in taking the author’s lesson?
A. Speaking perfect textbook Spanish.
B. Making friends living in Medellin.
C. Understanding the locals accurately.
D. Acquiring Spanish grammar rules.
7. Which of the following best describes the author’s first class with Robert?
A. Organized and vivid.
B. Interactive and practical.
C. Serious and formal.
D. Academic and inspiring.
8. What is a language teacher supposed to do at present?
A. Strengthen stereotypes.
B. Evaluate unknown ideas.
C. Foster cultural exchanges.
D. Learn from experiences.
【答案】5. D 6. C 7. B 8. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者最初因谋生成为西班牙语老师，在与学生罗伯特的教学互动中，
领悟到语言教学对跨文化交流和打破刻板印象的重要意义。
5. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ I initially became a Spanish teacher not out of passion but
necessity — like many in their twenties, stuck in a quarter-life crisis, trying to find a way to make
some extra money. (我最初成为一名西班牙语老师，并非出于热爱，而是出于需要——就像许多二十多岁
陷入人生危机的人一样，我想找个办法多赚点钱)”以及第二段中的“That’s how one morning I found
myself downloading a language app, creating a profile, and recording an introduction video hoping
to convince potential students to book a trial lesson with me. (就这样，一天早上，我开始下载一个语
言应用程序，创建个人资料，录制介绍视频，希望能说服潜在学生预订我的试听课)”可知，作者下载语言
应用程序是为了吸引学生、赚取额外收入。故选D 项。
6. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He wasn’t trying to master grammar or speak perfect textbook
Spanish. He wanted to improve his fluency and learn the local paisa slang, so he could understand
the people in the street stands, the bakery guy, the lady selling coffee. (他并非想掌握语法或说一口完
美的课本式西班牙语。他想提高自己的语言流利度，学习当地的 paisa 俚语，这样就能听懂街头小摊的商
贩、面包店老板和卖咖啡的女士在说什么)”可知，罗伯特上课的目标是准确理解当地人的话语。故选C
项。
7. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I explained the difference between a rolo, a caleno, or a samario,
which led to discussions about regional accents, word meanings, and how everything changes
depending on who says it and how. Robert also shared his life in Ohio, experiences in Latin
America, and his relationship with food and people. (我解释了rolo、caleno 和samario 之间的区别，
这引发了关于地区口音、词义以及语言表达如何因说话人不同而变化的讨论。罗伯特也分享了他在俄亥俄
州的生活、在拉丁美洲的经历，以及他与食物和人的关联)”可知，课堂上作者讲解语言知识，学生分享生
活，有问有答、互动频繁，且内容围绕实用的俚语和日常交流展开，因此“互动性强且实用”最能描述这
堂课。故选B 项。
8. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I now believe language teaching is a powerful tool for building
bridges across cultures and for revealing stereotypes that divide us. In a globalized world, language
teachers are perhaps agents of change and social transformation, sharing culture through lived
experiences. (我现在认为，语言教学是搭建跨文化桥梁、打破分隔我们的刻板印象的有力工具。在全球化
的世界里，语言教师或许是变革和社会转型的推动者，通过真实经历分享文化)”可知，如今语言教师应该
促进文化交流。故选C 项。
隐含推断题3 篇
【名师点津】
一、解题妙招
隐含推断题要求考生根据文中的信息进行合理的、适度的逻辑推断,推断出作者没有直接说明的内容,可能
会发生的事情,理解作者的言外之意等。考生只有正确把握文章的内在关系,理解关键词句的真正含义,才可
能作出准确的推断。此类题目的题干主要包括六个动词:infer( 推断),indicate( 象征, 暗示),imply( 暗
示),suggest(暗示),conclude(得出结论)和 assume(假定,设想)。
二、思维导图
【高考真题】
(2025 全国I 卷) While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport
studies also show declines in pedestrian ( 行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say
there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car
instead.
Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book
Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the
role they play in our lives.
Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for
new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian
journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her
local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor
(市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in
Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were
completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly.
In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate
of car ownership in the world.
We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really
recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities? The authors of
Movement have it right: it’s time to think differently about that street outside your front door.
28. What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1?
A. Cars often get stuck on the road.
B. Traffic accidents occur frequently.
C. People walk less and drive more.
D. Pedestrians fail to follow the rules.
29. What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do?
A. Keep their cities livable.
B. Promote cultural diversity.
C. Help the needy families.
D. Make expressways accessible.
30. What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s?
A. They boosted the sales of cars.
B. They turned out largely ineffective.
C. They won government support.
D. They advocated building new parks.
31. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Why the Rush?
B. What’s Next?
C. Where to Stay?
D. Who to Blame?
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下降，尤其是儿
童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼吁反思街道功能，重视城市宜居性。
28.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in
recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian ( 行人) mobility, especially among young
children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school,
so they pack them into the car instead. (虽然近年来我们的街道可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明
行人的流动性下降，尤其是年轻儿童。许多家长说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，
所以他们把孩子塞进车里)”可知，作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。故选C。
29. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to
Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm
at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New
York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” (最著名的是，一位加拿大记者在20 世纪50 年代
初举家迁往曼哈顿，她领导了一场阻止当地公园被毁的运动。在描述她对用高速公路取代公园的提议感到
震惊时，Jane Jacobs 呼吁她的市长捍卫“纽约作为适宜居住的地方，而不仅是匆匆穿过的通道”)”可推知，
加拿大记者和其他运动参与者旨在保持城市宜居性。故选A。
30. 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the
majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of
cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. (尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实是大多数西方城市完全围绕汽车需
求重新设计。道路上的汽车数量一直在迅速增加)”可推知，20 世纪60 年代末和70 年代澳大利亚的竞选活
动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。故选B。
31. 主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段“We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but
we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t
move safely around our communities? (我们在帮助我们快速通过的道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考
虑到真正的成本。我们真的认识到当孩子们不能在我们的社区安全地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出
什么代价吗)”可推知，本文批判城市过度追求交通效率、忽视行人需求的现象，A 项“Why the Rush? (为
何匆匆？)”质问“rush through (匆匆通行)”的规划理念，契合主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选A。
【名校模拟】
（25-26 高三上·湖北武汉·阶段练习）To keep a Hula-Hoop aloft (悬浮) with robots, it helps to be in
shape — literally. Experiments with hoop-slinging robots have revealed how these rings stay up despite the pull of
gravity. The shape of the robot’s body is a crucial factor, researchers report in the Jan. 7 Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences. The shape needs to have “hips” — a slope (斜面) that provides upward force to
balance gravity. And a “waist” arch — like an hourglass (沙漏) — keeps the hoop from moving up or down and
sliding off.
Inspired by performers near his home in Greenwich Village, applied mathematician Leif Ristroph of New
York University began considering the physics of Hula-Hoops. Previous studies, he and his coworkers realized,
hadn’t explained how the hoop stays aloft.
So Ristroph and his coworkers gave it a try. In experiments, a circling cylindrical robot couldn’t keep a hoop
from sliding down. It was missing the essential upward force, generated when a hoop swings over a sloped shape.
But a cone-shaped robot, with a slope but no waistlike curve, also failed. If the hoop began toward the top of the
cone, the upward force overpowered gravity, and the hoop would move up. If the hoop began toward the bottom,
the upward force wasn’t enough to keep it aloft, and it moved down. But an hourglass-shaped robot kept a hoop
stably aloft.
People should be able to hula-hoop regardless of the body shape, by adapting their gyrations (旋转) based on
position changes of the hoop. Indeed, the researchers were able to get a cone-shaped robot to hula-hoop by
adjusting the rate of gyration depending on how high the hoop slid.
A correct launch was also essential in the experiments. If the hoop started off too slow, the attempt would
fail. In successful sessions, the hoop lined up with the gyrating body, so that the hoop and the body always shifted
in the same direction. “That’s also the best way to launch a hoop,” Ristroph says.
“We were surprised that an activity as popular, fun, and healthy as hula hooping wasn’t understood even at a
basic physics level,” says Ristroph. “As we made progress on the research, we realized that the math and physics
involved are very subtle.”
1. Which body shape is ideal for Hula-Hooping according to the experiment?
A. Cone-shaped.
B. Hourglass-shaped.
C. Round.
D. Cylindrical.
2. What is the message implied in the fourth paragraph?
A. Hula-hooping can help shape people’s body gradually.
B. Robots are flexible in learning human body movements.
C. Anyone can do hula-hooping by adjusting their movements.
D. A perfect body shape is required to be a good hula-hoop player.
3. What was essential for a successful Hula-Hoop launch in the experiments?
A. Starting with the right shape.
B. Opposite movement of the hoop and the body.
C. Using a hoop of the proper size.
D. Same directional shifts of the hoop and the body.
4. Which can be used as a proper title for the text?
A. Scientists Identify the Perfect Hula Hoop “Body Type”
B. Hula-hooping Inspires NYU Mathematicians
C. How Do Hula Hoops Benefit Our Health?
D. What Do Hula Hoops Do for Your Body?
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了纽约大学团队实验探究机器人转呼啦圈原理及其发现。
1. 细节理解题。根据第三段“But an hourglass-shaped robot kept a hoop stably aloft.(但一个沙漏形状的机
器人成功地将一个圆环稳稳地举在空中)”可知，沙漏形机器人最适合玩呼啦圈。故选B。
2. 推理判断题。根据第四段“People should be able to hula-hoop regardless of the body shape, by adapting
their gyrations based on position changes of the hoop. Indeed, the researchers were able to get a cone-shaped
robot to hula-hoop by adjusting the rate of gyration depending on how high the hoop slid.(人们无论身材如
何，都应该能够玩转呼啦圈。他们只需根据呼啦圈位置的变化调整自己的旋转动作即可。事实上，研究人
员能够让一个圆锥形机器人通过改变旋转速度（根据呼啦圈上升的高度）来实现玩呼啦圈的动作)”可知，
第四段表明任何人通过调整动作都能玩转呼啦圈。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据第五段“In successful sessions, the hoop lined up with the gyrating body, so that the
hoop and the body always shifted in the same direction.(在成功的训练过程中，圆环会与身体的摆动保持一
致，使得圆环和身体总是朝着同一个方向移动)”可知，在这些实验中，成功启动呼啦圈的关键因素是环圈
和身体的相同方向移动。故选D。
4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The shape of the robot’s body is a crucial factor, researchers report in the
Jan. 7 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The shape needs to have “hips” — a slope that
provides upward force to balance gravity. And a “waist” arch — like an hourglass — keeps the hoop from
moving up or down and sliding off.(研究人员在1 月7 日的《美国国家科学院院刊》上报告称，机器人的外
形是一个至关重要的因素。其外形必须具备“臀部”——一种斜面结构，能够提供向上的力量以平衡重力。
同时还需要有一个“腰部弧度”——类似于沙漏的形状——以防止圆环上下移动或滑落)”结合文章主要说
明了纽约大学团队实验探究机器人转呼啦圈原理，发现沙漏形机身是理想形状。可知，A 选项“科学家确
定了完美的‘呼啦圈’身材类型”最符合文章标题。故选A。
（25-26 高三上·河北·阶段练习）British gardens frequently fight with heavy rainfall and sudden cold
spells, which quickly turn the ground muddy and slippery. Maintaining a green and safe lawn ( 草坪) becomes a
tough task — wet weather often leaves lawns bare, and entire gardens end up unused for months. Traditional lawns
require constant care to stay healthy, yet poor weather easily makes them unplayable, leaving outdoor spaces
abandoned from late autumn through early spring.
Modern surface options offer effective fixes. Artificial grass has advanced greatly: New varieties use soft,
multitonal yarns (纱线) to copy real grass, creating a natural look that fits well with garden settings. These high-
quality artificial lawns have UV-resistant fibres and strong year-round durability, keeping their appearance even
after heavy use or sun exposure. Unlike natural grass, which goes fragile in winter, they stay usable all year, perfect
for families with kids or pets.
Permeable paving is another solid choice for walkways and courtyards, as it lets water drain through to avoid
puddles, though it lacks the warm, soft feel of grass. Proper installation is key, especially for drainage. A compacted
(压实的) crushed stone sub-base is a must for the artificial lawn — it prevents water from pooling underneath —
while using the wrong sand or skimping on sub-base depth leads to wet areas. Soil compaction also worsens wet
problems, cutting air and water flow by up to 30% versus well-aerated ground.
Environmentally, artificial lawns reduce water use by around 55% yearly, but traditional lawns need
hundreds of litres weekly in dry spells. Pairing modern surfaces with rainwater harvesting systems and native
planting schemes boosts sustainability, making gardens both practical and eco-friendly.
Zoning gardens — using artificial lawns for play areas, permeable paving for dining spots, and raised beds
for planting — plus adding small wildflower patches, creates functional year-round spaces. Demand for these
solutions is rising in northern UK regions like Greater Manchester and Yorkshire, helping homeowners overcome
waterlogging (水涝) and fully reclaim their outdoor areas.
5. Why do traditional British gardens stay unused in winter?
A. The gardens lack proper care.
B. The lawns need seasonal rest.
C. Bad weather ruins the lawns.
D. Indoor activities are more suitable.
6. What is a feature of the new artificial grass?
A. It is the same as real grass.
B. It fades in strong sunlight.
C. It reduces heavy rainfall.
D. It can be used all year round.
7. What can an improper sub-base for an artificial lawn bring about?
A. Increasing air flow.
B. Waterlogged ground.
C. A crowded garden.
D. The lawn’s expansion.
8. What does the text imply about sustainable garden design?
A. It mainly uses fully recyclable products.
B. It requires much water for native plants.
C. It abandons traditional lawns completely.
D. It combines modern features and eco-elements.
【答案】5. C 6. D 7. B 8. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出英国传统花园因恶劣天气难维护，介绍人造草坪、透水铺装等现代方
案，提及安装要点与环保性，还建议分区设计以充分利用户外空间。
5. 细节理解题。根据第一段“British gardens frequently fight with heavy rainfall and sudden cold spells,
which quickly turn the ground muddy and slippery. Maintaining a green and safe lawn ( 草坪) becomes a
tough task — wet weather often leaves lawns bare, and entire gardens end up unused for months. Traditional
lawns require constant care to stay healthy, yet poor weather easily makes them unplayable, leaving outdoor
spaces abandoned from late autumn through early spring.(英国的花园常要应对强降雨和突如其来的寒潮，
这些天气会很快让地面变得泥泞湿滑。想要维持一片葱郁且安全的草坪成了一项艰巨的任务 —— 潮湿天
气往往会使草坪变得光秃秃的，整个花园也可能因此好几个月都无人使用。传统草坪需要精心照料才能保
持良好状态，但恶劣天气很容易让它们无法供人活动，导致从深秋到初春这段时间里，户外空间都被闲
置)”可知，传统英国花园在冬季闲置是因为恶劣天气破坏了草坪。故选C 项。
6. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlike natural grass, which goes fragile in winter, they stay usable all year,
perfect for families with kids or pets. (与冬季会变得脆弱的天然草坪不同，它们全年都可使用，非常适合有
孩子或宠物的家庭)”可知，新型人造草坪的特点是可全年使用。故选D 项。
7. 细节理解题。根据第三段“A compacted (压实的) crushed stone sub-base is a must for the artificial lawn
— it prevents water from pooling underneath — while using the wrong sand or skimping on sub-base depth
leads to wet areas. (压实的碎石基层是人造草坪的必备条件 —— 它能防止水在下方积聚 —— 而使用错误
的沙子或缩减基层深度会导致区域潮湿)”可知，人造草坪基层不当会导致地面积水。故选B 项。
8. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Environmentally, artificial lawns reduce water use by around 55% yearly, but
traditional lawns need hundreds of litres weekly in dry spells. Pairing modern surfaces with rainwater
harvesting systems and native planting schemes boosts sustainability, making gardens both practical and
eco-friendly.(从环保角度来看，人造草坪每年可减少约55%的用水量，而传统草坪在干旱期每周则需要数
百升水。将这类现代地面材料与雨水收集系统、本土植物种植方案相结合，能提升可持续性，让花园既实
用又环保。”可知，可持续花园设计需结合现代设施（如人造草坪）与环保元素（如雨水收集、本土种
植）。故选D 项。
找共同点题3 篇
【名师点津】
一、解题小妙招
1.结构法：如果属于“总分总”结构，多从“总处”找依据；
2.排除法：可以运用排除法，只要一项不合要求就应该排除；
3.关键词法：依据题干圈划相应的关键词语，据此知道答案。
二、零失误小妙招
1.做题留痕，依据题干在原文圈划答题区间；
2.划掉错项，去伪存真，快速作答提升效率；
3.错题反思，专用笔记本记录错因举一反三。
【高考真题】
(2024 新课标II 卷) Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers
The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner, experienced or advanced walker
to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.
Walk 1 — The Natural World
With environmentalist Éanna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour. Walkers are
sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs.
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 09:00
Start Point: Scratoes Bridge
Walk Duration: 6 hours
Walk 2 — Introduction to Hillwalking
Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all. This
mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future
walking trips.
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 09:00
Start Point: Deerpark Car Park
Walk Duration: 5 hours
Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars
Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone. Breathtaking views of the lowlands of
Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs. A torch (手电筒) along with
suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark. Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused
permission to participate.
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 18:30
Start Point: The Town Hall
Walk Duration: 3 hours
Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest
This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.
Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 11:45
Start Point: Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area
Walk Duration: 1.5 hours
21. Which walk takes the shortest time?
A. The Natural World.
B. Introduction to Hillwalking.
C. Moonlight Under the Stars.
D. Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest.
22. What are participants in Walk 3 required to do?
A. Wear proper clothes.
B. Join a walking club.
C. Get special permits.
D. Bring a survival guide.
23. What do the four walks have in common?
A. They involve difficult climbing.
B. They are for experienced walkers.
C. They share the same start point.
D. They are scheduled for the weekend.
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加卡洛秋季徒步节的几种步行方案，及其日期、起点和步
行时间等相关细节。
21.细节理解题。通读全文，根据文章所给出的四种方案中的“Walk Duration (步行时间)”部分比较可知，
“Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest (步行4——基尔布兰尼什森林摄影步行)”的步行时间
是1.5 小时，用时最短。故选D 项。
22.细节理解题。根据文章“Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars (步行3——星光下的月光)”部分中的
“Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.(穿着不当的人将被拒绝
参加)”可知，第三种步行方案的参与者需要穿合适的衣服。故选A 项。
23.细节理解题。根据四种步行方案中的“Date and Time (日期和时间)”部分比较可知，这四种方案都被安
排在周末。故选D 项。
(2023 全国乙卷) PRACTITIONERS
21. What did Jacqueline and James have in common?
A. Doing teaching jobs.
B. Being hired as physicians.
C. Performing surgery.
D. Being banned from medicine.
22. How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners?
A. She wrote a book.
B. She went through trials.
C. She worked as a dentist.
D. She had formal education.
23. Who was the first African American with a medical degree?
A. Jacqueline Felice de Almania.
B. Tan Yunxian.
C. James Barry.
D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位从医人员的生平与事迹。
21.细节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she
worked as a physician and performed surgery. (她出生于佛罗伦萨的一个犹太家庭，搬到巴黎当医生并做外
科手术)”以及第二部分中的“She qualified as a surgeon in 1813 (她获得了做外科医生的资格)”和“Barry
retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man. (Barry 于1859
年退休，她以男人的身份生活和工作，从事了整个医学职业)”可知，Jacqueline 和James 的共同点是都有
资格进行外科手术。故选C。
22.推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章第三部分中的“Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor,
describing her life as a physician. (Tan 写了一本书《女医生的故事》，描述了她作为一名医生的生活)”可推
知，Tan 与其他从业人员的不同之处在于她写了一本书。故选A。
23.细节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“Four years later, she was the first African American woman to
receive a medical degree. (四年后，她成为第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性)”可知，Rebecca Lee
Crumpler 是第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国人。故选D。
【名校模拟】
Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the
suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a
Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she
worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she
was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court
hearing testimonials ( 证明) of her ability as a doctor, she
was banned from medicine.
James Barry (c.1789 — 1865) was born
Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a
man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University
to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in
1813, then joined the British Army, serving
overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having
practiced her entire medical profession living
and working as a man.
Tan Yunxian (1461 — 1554) was a Chinese physician
who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese
women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期)
with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan
treated women from all walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote a
book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a
physician.
Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895)
worked as a nurse for eight years before
studying in medical college in Boston in 1860.
Four years later, she was the first African
American woman to receive a medical degree.
She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she
provided medical care to freed slaves.
（25-26 高三上·四川成都·阶段练习）London’s West End is renowned for its world-class theatrical
productions, drawing millions of visitors each year. While seeing a show might seem like a luxury, enjoying the
magic of theatre doesn’t have to break the bank. Below are some of the best theatres that make a night out both
memorable and affordable.
His Majesty’s Theatre
This historic theatre is known for its stunning architecture and excellent productions. Amazing offers:
· a variety of ticket options, including rock zone standing tickets for an immersive experience, as well as
balcony and box seats.
· an on-site café serving light meals and drinks before shows.
· up to 30% off for an early booking.
The Globe Playhouse
A family-friendly venue with a focus on Shakespearean plays.
Key comforts:
· Matinee performances with marked-down early bird ticket prices.
· Interactive workshops for children to learn about theatre.
Theatre Royal Drury Lane
A contemporary theatre offering innovative plays and musicals.
Highlights:
· Flexible seating: orchestra seats for clear views and mezzanine for affordability.
· Special sound-enhanced shows.
Lyceum Theatre
A mid-sized venue known for its intimate atmosphere and diverse performances.
Family-friendly features:
· Group discount tickets for families or large parties.
· Wheelchair-accessible entrances and seating.
· Located close to restaurants and parks for pre or post-show activities.
1. What can guests do at His Majesty’s Theatre?
A. Attend interactive workshops for children.
B. Get a discounted ticket by paying 30% of the original price.
C. Enjoy discounted meals at the on-site café.
D. Purchase rock zone tickets for close-up views.
2. Which theatre is the best choice for a family with a hearing-challenged member?
A. His Majesty’s Theatre.
B. The Globe Playhouse.
C. Theatre Royal Drury Lane.
D. Lyceum Theatre.
3. What do The Globe Playhouse and Lyceum Theatre have in common?
A. They both offer discounted tickets for certain groups.
B. They are known for rock zone ticket options.
C. They provide wheelchair-accessible seating.
D. They have outdoor performance areas.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了伦敦西区的陛下剧院、环球剧院、特鲁里街皇家剧院和兰心剧院四
家剧院，它们既能让观众享受戏剧魅力，又能节省开支，同时列举了各剧院的特色、优惠及便利服务。
1. 细节理解题。根据His Majesty’s Theatre 部分中“ a variety of ticket options, including rock zone
standing tickets for an immersive experience, as well as balcony and box seats.(多种票务选择，包括可获得
沉浸式体验的摇滚区站票，以及楼座和包厢座位)”可知，观众在陛下剧院可以购买摇滚区门票以获得近距
离观赏体验。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据Theatre Royal Drury Lane 部分中“Special sound-enhanced shows.(特别的音效增强
演出)”可知，该剧院有音效增强的演出，这对有听力障碍的观众更友好，是有听力障碍成员的家庭的最佳
选择。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据The Globe Playhouse 部分中“Matinee performances with marked-down early bird
ticket prices.(日场演出提供折扣早鸟票)”和Lyceum Theatre 部分中“Group discount tickets for families or
large parties.(为家庭或大型团体提供团体折扣票)”可知，两家剧院均为特定群体（环球剧院的早鸟票购买
者、兰心剧院的家庭或大型团体）提供折扣门票。故选A。
（25-26 高三上· 重庆沙坪坝· 开学考试）At Boston Private Guide, we specialize in personalized
sightseeing tours that showcase the best of New England.
Boston Public Walking Tour
Duration:2.5 hours; Price(adults): $30,(children 5-12): $15
The tour takes visitors to some of the city's most iconic and historic landmarks, including Boston Common,
Boston Public Garden, the Freedom Trail, and Beacon Hill. It is an excellent way for visitors to gain some
fascinating insights into the city's rich heritage.
Experiencing Harvard
Duration:90 minutes; Price (adults): $30, (children 5-12): $10
This tour takes you through the heart of Harvard Yard, where history, tradition, and academic excellence
come to life. You’ll visit some of Harvard’s most well-known landmarks, including the John Harvard Statue,
Widener Library, Memorial Church, and Harvard Yard while discovering fascinating stories about the university's
spirit and tradition, and legendary alumni —— graduates and famous dropouts.
Martha's Vineyard
Duration:5 hours; Price: $500 per tour; Max number of travelers:6; Book in advance
Martha's Vineyard, with its rich history, scenic landscapes, and distinct charm, is the perfect destination for a
day trip. The island is home to six unique towns, each with its own character and appeal. While we explore them
all, we’ll also explore the island’s hidden back roads and fishing villages, offering a deeper glimpse into its
authentic coastal beauty.
Boston by Night
Duration:3 hours; Price: $50 per person; At least 3 participants
Step off the beaten path and discover Boston's nightlife through the eyes of a local. On our Boston by Night
tour, we’ll take you to hidden, off-the-radar pubs where you’ll enjoy exclusive cocktails from secret recipes only
locals know. As you enjoy one-of-a-kind drinks, you will engage in fun and lively conversations, and uncover
fascinating stories about Boston's past and culture.
4. Which tour has the longest duration?
A. Martha's Vineyard.
B. Experiencing Harvard.
C. Boston by Night.
D. Boston Public Walking Tour.
5. What are participants for Boston by Night required to do?
A. Pay a fixed group fee.
B. Share their own secret recipes.
C. Book in advance.
D. Join with at least 2 other people.
6. What do the four tours have in common?
A. They involve history and culture.
B. They take you to downtown Boston.
C. They are for experienced travelers.
D. They feature views of natural landscapes.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了波士顿一家私人导游公司推出的四个特色游览项目。
4. 细节理解题。根据Boston Public Walking Tour 部分“Duration: 2.5 hours ( 时长：2.5 小时)”、
Experiencing Harvard 部分“ Duration: 90 minutes ( 时长：90 分钟)” 、Martha's Vineyard 部分
“Duration: 5 hours (时长：5 小时)”和Boston by Night 部分“Duration: 3 hours (时长：3 小时)”可知，
Martha's Vineyard 的时长最长，长达5 小时。故选A 项。
5. 细节理解题。根据Boston by Night 部分“At least 3 participants (至少 3 名参与者)”可知，也就是参与
者需要至少和另外两人一起参加。故选D 项。
6. 细节理解题。根据Boston Public Walking Tour 部分“The tour takes visitors to some of the city's most
iconic and historic landmarks, including Boston Common, Boston Public Garden, the Freedom Trail, and
Beacon Hill. It is an excellent way for visitors to gain some fascinating insights into the city's rich heritage.
(这次游览会带游客前往这座城市一些最具标志性和历史意义的地标，包括波士顿公园、波士顿公共花园、
自由之路和灯塔山。对于游客而言，这是深入了解这座城市丰富历史文化的绝佳方式。 )”、Experiencing
Harvard 部分“where history, tradition, and academic excellence come to life (在这里，历史、传统和卓越
的学术氛围都鲜活了起来)”、Martha's Vineyard 部分“Martha's Vineyard, with its rich history, scenic
landscapes, and distinct charm, is the perfect destination for a day trip. The island is home to six unique
towns, each with its own character and appeal. (玛莎葡萄园岛历史底蕴深厚、风景如画且独具魅力，是一
日游的绝佳目的地。这座岛屿上有六个风格独特的小镇，每个小镇都有其独特的个性与吸引力。)”和
Boston by Night 部分 “uncover fascinating stories about Boston's past and culture (揭开关于波士顿过去和
文化的迷人故事)”可知，这四个游览项目都涉及历史与文化。故选A 项。
预测下段题3 篇
【名师点津】
一、解题小妙招
考生在阅读全文基础上，“预测下段”类试题应注意以下两点策略：
1. 从最后一段入手。
有时候，作者在最后一段提到一个话题，但是没有充分说明，因此需要在下一段就此问题深入分析、论述
或讨论。所以考生学会依据最后一段甚至最后一句话进行推断也不失为明智选择。
2. 从第一段入手。
实用类说明文往往采用“总分”或者“总分总”结构，即第一段总体概况说明，然后分段阐述。因此只要
考生把握好第一段即主题段内容，顺藤摸瓜，即可推断下段内容应该是主题段中尚未提及的内容。
二、零失误小妙招
1.做题留痕，依据题干在原文圈划答题区间；
2.划掉错项，去伪存真，快速作答提升效率；
3.错题反思，专用笔记本记录错因举一反三。
【高考真题】
(2023 全国乙卷) What comes into your mind when you think of British food? Probably fish and chips, or a
Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting? Even though Britain has a
reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our
television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.
It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-
and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported
that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers
would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students
applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what
people think about cooking.
According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV
has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料)
than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults
say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and
young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through
television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an
increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.
28. What do people usually think of British food?
A. It is simple and plain.
B. It is rich in nutrition.
C. It lacks authentic tastes.
D. It deserves a high reputation.
29. Which best describes cookery programme on British TV?
A. Authoritative.
B. Creative.
C. Profitable.
D. Influential.
30. Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now?
A. 20%.
B. 24%.
C. 25%.
D. 33%.
31. What might the author continue talking about?
A. The art of cooking in other countries.
B. Male chefs on TV programmes.
C. Table manners in the UK.
D. Studies of big eaters.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. D 31. B
【导语】本篇是一篇说明文，介绍英国人在英国烹饪节目的影响下改变对烹饪的看法，并尝试新的烹饪习
惯。
28.细节理解题。根据第一段的“What comes into your mind when you think of British food? Probably fish
and chips, or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting?” （当
你想到英国食物时，你会想到什么？你可能想到的是炸鱼薯条，或是一肉两菜的周日晚餐。但是，英国食
物真的如此无趣吗？）可知，提及英国食物，大家往往只是想到炸鱼薯条和周日烤肉，所以人们通常会觉
得英国食物平平无奇。故选A 项。
29.推理判断题。根据第二段的“It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that
Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in
their cooking habits.”（正是由于电视上的这些大厨，而不是凭借广告宣传活动，英国人正在远离“一肉两
菜”和速食餐，而变得更加愿意探索新的烹饪习惯。）和“ It seems that TV programmes have helped
change what people think about cooking.”（似乎电视节目帮助改变了人们对烹饪的看法。）可知，英国的
烹饪节目能够改变英国人对烹饪的看法，尝试从传统的英式饮食走出来，尝试新的烹饪习惯，由此推知英
国的烹饪节目具有很大的影响力。故选D 项。
30.细节理解题。根据第三段的“Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料)
than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before.”（几乎三分
之一的人表示他们现在使用的配料比以前更多，将近四分之一的人表示他们现在购买的配料质量比以前更
好。）可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故选D 项。
31.推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句“With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer
“uncool” for boys to like cooking.”（随着电视上出现越来越多男性厨师，男孩子喜欢烹饪不再是一件“不
酷”的事了。）可知，接下来，文章应该具体介绍电视上的男性厨师，从而与上文形成语义连贯。故选B
项。
【名校模拟】
（2025·陕西安康·模拟预测）At most art museums, there is a fundamental and well-established rule for
viewers: “Look but don’t touch.” This rule is in place to protect the precious artworks from potential damage.
However, the Sainsbury Centre in the United Kingdom is a refreshing exception.
The Sainsbury Centre recently initiated a groundbreaking new program. This program breaks the traditional
barriers between the audience and the art, inviting museumgoers to have an up-close and personal encounter with
the exhibits. A typical example is the invitation to hug Henry Moore’s 1932 sculpture Mother and Child.
Visitors to the centre listen to an audio tour recorded by the museum’s director, Jago Cooper. His voice
guides them not just to view Moore’s sculpture but to appreciate it! They’re asked to make eye contact with the
mother figure, close their eyes, and think of their earliest memory of being held as a child. “That feeling within you,
that feeling of protection, is what Henry was trying to create with this work,” the audio explains.
The exercise is designed to help visitors realize that art is an emotional state of mind, an idea that Moore
himself seemed to agree with. Cooper says there’s video footage ( 镜头) of the artist telling one of the centre’s
founders that anyone who thinks they understand his art without touching it doesn’t know anything about sculpture.
Usually museums discourage visitors from handling art because oils and dirt on people’s hands can damage
the works. People could also accidentally scratch ( 划伤) or break the art. Cooper acknowledges that allowing
people to physically interact with art must be done on a case-by-case basis. “Lots of works of art aren’t designed to
be touched,” he says. In those instances, they invite visitors to engage with art in other non-traditional ways. That
includes dancing with 1,200-year-old Tang Dynasty figures and lying in a hanging bed while telling a secret to a
1948 painting by Alberto Giacometti.
1. What is special about the Sainsbury Centre?
A. It allows visitors to merely view the works.B. It tolerates damage to artworks.
C. It encourages a touch on some exhibits.
D. It offers free audio tours to visitors.
2. What does the practice with Moore’s sculpture aim to do?
A. Get across the artist’s idea.
B. Draw visitors’ attention.
C. Appeal to viewers’ tastes.
D. Build up the artist’s reputation.
3. Why are Tang Dynasty figures mentioned in the last paragraph?
A. To illustrate the artworks’ long history.
B. To indicate the richness of the centre’s collection.
C. To contrast diverse methods of art-interaction.
D. To present a non-traditional art-interaction way.
4. What might the author continue talking about?
A. Clarification of physical art interaction.
B. Advanced methods for art preservation.
C. Examples of touch-friendly artworks.
D. More innovative ways to engage with art
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国塞恩斯伯里视觉艺术中心打破传统博物馆规则，推出了
一项创新项目，允许参观者近距离接触展品，并通过与展品的互动来更深入地欣赏和理解艺术。
1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ The Sainsbury Centre recently initiated a groundbreaking new
program. This program breaks the traditional barriers between the audience and the art, inviting
museumgoers to have an up-close and personal encounter with the exhibits. A typical example is the
invitation to hug Henry Moore’s 1932 sculpture Mother and Child.(塞恩斯伯里中心最近发起了一项突破性
的新项目。该项目打破了观众与艺术之间的传统壁垒，邀请博物馆参观者与展品进行近距离的亲密接触。
一个典型的例子是，观众被邀请拥抱亨利・摩尔1932 年的雕塑作品《母亲与孩子》。)”可知，该中心的特
别之处在于鼓励观众触摸部分展品，打破了“只许看不许摸”的传统规则。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段““That feeling within you, that feeling of protection, is what Henry
was trying to create with this work,” the audio explains.(音频导览解释道：“你内心的这种感觉，这
种被保护的感觉，正是亨利试图通过这件作品传达的。” )”以及第四段“The exercise is designed to
help visitors realize that art is an emotional state of mind, an idea that Moore himself seemed to
agree with.(这项体验旨在帮助参观者认识到，艺术是一种情感的心灵状态，而摩尔本人似乎也认同这一观
点。)”可知，触摸摩尔雕塑的体验旨在让观众通过情感共鸣理解艺术家想传达的理念。故选A。
3. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Usually museums discourage visitors from handling art because
oils and dirt on people’s hands can damage the works. People could also accidentally scratch(划伤)
or break the art. Cooper acknowledges that allowing people to physically interact with art must be
done on a case-by-case basis. “Lots of works of art aren’t designed to be touched,” he says. In those
instances, they invite visitors to engage with art in other non-traditional ways. That includes dancing with
1,200-year-old Tang Dynasty figures and lying in a hanging bed while telling a secret to a 1948
painting by Alberto Giacometti.(通常情况下，博物馆不鼓励参观者触碰艺术品，因为人们手上的油脂和
污垢会损坏作品，人们还可能不小心划伤或碰碎艺术品。库珀承认，允许人们与艺术品进行身体互动必须
视具体情况而定。“很多艺术品并非设计用来触摸的，”他说。在这种情况下，博物馆会邀请参观者以其
他非传统方式与艺术互动，例如与1200 年前的唐代陶俑“共舞”，或躺在悬挂的床上，向阿尔贝托・贾科
梅蒂1948 年的一幅画作倾诉秘密。)”可知，提及唐代陶俑是为了举例说明该中心提供的非传统艺术互动方
式。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In those instances, they invite visitors to engage with art in other
non-traditional ways. That includes dancing with 1,200-year-old Tang Dynasty figures and lying in a
hanging bed while telling a secret to a 1948 painting by Alberto Giacometti.(在这种情况下，博物馆会
邀请参观者以其他非传统方式与艺术互动，例如与1200 年前的唐代陶俑“共舞”，或躺在悬挂的床上，向
阿尔贝托・贾科梅蒂1948 年的一幅画作倾诉秘密。)”可知，本段首先提出博物馆会邀请参观者以其他非传
统方式与艺术互动，然后介绍了“与陶俑共舞”以及“躺在悬挂床上向画作倾诉秘密”等互动方式。由此
可推测，作者接下来会讲述其他创新互动方式。故选D。
（24-25 高三下· 河南· 阶段练习）Wildfires fueled by extreme winds have swept across the Pacific
Palisades area in Los Angeles County, destroying countless structures and forcing the evacuation (撤离) of more
than 30,000 people.
As of 9:30 pm ET, more than 2,900 acres have burned, fire officials said. The powerful Santa Ana winds are
challenging firefighting efforts. The evacuation order includes more than 10,000 homes and thousands of
businesses. Los Angeles County Fire Chief Anthony Marrone said on Tuesday afternoon during a news conference,
“We are not out of danger,” warning that the most significant threat will be between 10 pm and 5am PT when the
Santa Ana winds will be at their fiercest. Marrone urged people to be ready to evacuate at a moment’s notice
overnight.
Los Angeles City Councilwoman Traci Park, who represents the area, described the situation as “terrifying”.
She urged people to “be packed and ready to go” if people are told to evacuate. Already, tens of thousands of people
have been ordered to leave their homes and businesses as the fires are spreading violently into neighborhoods. Park
says “it may take a couple of days” to get the situation under control and “it may be some time before people can
return to their homes.”
As of 9:30 pm EST Tuesday, about 25,000 homes and businesses had their power cut off as crews battle the
Palisades Fire. California Gov. Gavin Newsom declared a state of emergency as the fire continued to burn through
Los Angeles County and more residents have been ordered to evacuate in the fire zones north and west of Los
Angeles. Newsom toured some of the neighborhoods consumed by wildfires. He applauded the efforts of crews to
pre-position firefighters, aircraft and other equipment ahead of the predicted firestorm. While this news conference
focused on the situation in Los Angeles County, forecasters warned of a potential worsening problem in Orange,
San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, just to the south and east.
5. What is the main difficulty faced by firefighters?
A. Strong winds spreading fires.
B. Limited evacuation routes.
C. Vast structural remains removal.
D. Lack of public cooperation.
6. What is the primary concern expressed by Marrone and Park?
A. Evacuation efforts are being delayed.
B. The danger period may extend further.
C. The fire is changing direction rapidly.
D. Firefighter resources are insufficient.
7. Which word best describes Newsom when he saw crews’ preparations?
A. Discouraged.
B. Appreciative.
C. Dismissive.
D. Unexpected.
8. What might the author continue talking about regarding the wildfires?
A. Firefighting equipment details.
B. Evacuation success stories.
C. Impact on nearby counties.
D. Residents’ personal experiences.
【答案】5. A 6. B 7. B 8. C
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本短文主要讲了洛杉矶县太平洋帕利塞德地区发生大火，火势在强风助燃下
蔓延，烧毁无数建筑，3 万多人被紧急疏散，以及官方对此采取的一些应对措施。
5. 细节理解题。根据第二段“The powerful Santa Ana winds are challenging firefighting efforts.(强大的圣
安娜风给消防工作带来了挑战)”可知，消防员面临的主要困难是强风使火势蔓延。故选A。
6. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Los Angeles County Fire Chief Anthony Marrone said on Tuesday afternoon
during a news conference, “We are not out of danger,” warning that the most significant threat will be
between 10 pm and 5am PT when the Santa Ana winds will be at their fiercest. Marrone urged people to be
ready to evacuate at a moment’s notice overnight.(洛杉矶县消防队长安东尼·马龙在周二下午的新闻发布会
上说：“我们还没有脱离危险，”他警告说，最严重的威胁将在太平洋时间晚上10 点到凌晨5 点之间，那
时圣安娜风将达到最猛烈的程度。马龙敦促人们做好准备，在接到通知后立即撤离)”以及第三段“Park
says “it may take a couple of days” to get the situation under control and “it may be some time before people
can return to their homes.”(Park 说，“可能需要几天的时间”来控制局势，“人们可能需要一段时间才能
返回家园。”)”可知，Marrone 和Park 最关心的是危险期可能会进一步延长。故选B。
7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“He applauded the efforts of crews to pre-position firefighters, aircraft and
other equipment ahead of the predicted firestorm.(他赞扬了工作人员在预计的火灾风暴到来之前预先部署
消防员、飞机和其他设备的努力)”可知，当纽森看到救援人员的准备工作时，他很感激。故选B。
8. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“While this news conference focused on the situation in Los Angeles County,
forecasters warned of a potential worsening problem in Orange, San Bernardino and Riverside Counties,
just to the south and east.(虽然这次新闻发布会的重点是洛杉矶县的情况，但预报员警告说，南部和东部的
奥兰治县、圣贝纳迪诺县和河滨县的问题可能会恶化)”可知，作者可能会继续谈论野火对附近县的影响。
故选C。
文章出处题3 篇
【名师点津】
一、解题小妙招
“推断文章出处”类试题应从文章的内容或结构入手来判断其出处：
研究报告类文章(a research paper)：此类文章重点介绍科技领域最新研究成果：新发现、新思想、新发明。
第一段概括介绍，然后分段陈述。文章结构严谨，语言规范，句式复杂。
图书评论类文章(a book review)：书评、影评类文章涉及到作者介绍，内容梗概、人物性格评论，写作特色
以及个人好恶等内容。
广告英语类文章(an advertisement)：现代生活中广告无处不在，英语阅读理解也是如此。有时会考查微型
海报、通知、启示、时刻表、图表等。
科普杂志类文章(a science magazine)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及到日常生活习惯、健康饮食、太空与海洋、
创造与发明、计算机发展、人类未来、动物世界等。其重点是普及科学知识，提高科学素养。
教材课本类文章(a geography textbook)：此类文章内容比较正式，语言规范，往往涉及到学科术语、专业性
词汇、概念、理论等。
课件展示类文章(a class presentation)：此类文章往往紧扣主题，口语性强、语言活泼，形式新颖，伴随有图
片、图表、文字介绍等信息。
网络网页类文章(an Internet page)：此类文章往往会提供超级链接标志，如For more information, please click
here.
二、零失误小妙招
1.做题留痕，依据题干在原文圈划答题区间；
2.划掉错项，去伪存真，快速作答提升效率；
3.错题反思，专用笔记本记录错因举一反三。
【高考真题】
(2023 新课标II 卷)Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book,
represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader
appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists’
representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections
between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book
as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses —
absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds
of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of
the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in
their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the
raw material for artworks — transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page
outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as
any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages
parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly
networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance
of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
8. Where is the text most probably taken from?
A. An introduction to a book.
B. An essay on the art of writing.
C. A guidebook to a museum.
D. A review of modern paintings.
9. What are the selected artworks about?
A. Wealth and intellect.
B. Home and school.
C. Books and reading.
D. Work and leisure.
10. What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Understand.
B. Paint.
C. Seize.
D. Transform.
11. What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader?
A. The printed book is not totally out of date.
B. Technology has changed the way we read.
C. Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D. People now rarely have the patience to read.
【答案】8. A9. C10. A11. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印刷书籍和阅读对人类的重要意义。
8.推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段第一句"Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration. . .
three hundred artworks from museums around the world"可知,《阅读艺术:书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里
展示了来自世界各地博物馆的近300 件艺术品,本文主要是对该书内容的介绍。故可以推知,本文最有可能摘
自一本书的序言。故选A。
9.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的"In artists' representations of books and reading"可知,被选中的艺
术品强调的是图书和阅读,故C 项正确。
10.词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these
connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at
school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. (艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同
时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦
点)”以及“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments (这些场景
可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了一些时刻)”可推知，此处指书籍是人类之间相互联系和理解的纽带，
故与画线短语“relate to”意思最相近的为A 项“理解、认识到”。故选A。
11.推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader (它仍然像任
何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性)”以及“printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private,
“off-line” activity (印刷书籍仍然提供了完全私人的“离线”活动的机会)”可推知，本文作者提到电子阅读
器想表达的是印刷书籍并没有完全过时。故选A。
(2022 新课标I 卷) Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay
2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Group Assignments (30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will
be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)
Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or
tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to
take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or
short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not
turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get
a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
21. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A textbook.
B. An exam paper.
C. A course plan.
D. An academic article.
22. How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of?
A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Five.
23. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?
A. You will receive a zero.
B. You will lose a letter grade.
C. You will be given a test.
D. You will have to rewrite it.
【答案】21. C22. B23. A
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。
21. C。推理判断题。根据文章标题“Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature (文学概论课程评分办
法)”和Essays (60%)部分“Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade of for
this course (你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，
可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C。
22. B。细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays (60%)”、“Group Assignments (30%)”和“Daily Work/In-
Class Writings and Tests/Groups Work/Homework (10%)”可知，学生的最终成绩由3 部分组成。故选B。
23. A。推理判断题。根据“Late Work”部分“If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will
earn a zero. (如果没有在截止日期后的第4 天上交，将会得到零分)”可知，如果在截止日期后一周才交文章，
你将会得零分。故选A。
【名校模拟】
（25-26 高三上·广西·阶段练习）Some foods are highly processed or ultra-processed (过度加工). Ultra-
processed foods (UPF) have become increasingly popular and range from chips to microwave meals and even
bread. Even just a casual glance at supermarket shelves reveals a collection of UPF offerings in delicate and
attractive packaging. Besides their affordability, UPF not only offer time-saving convenience, but also momentary
satisfaction filled with fat, sugar, salt and additives （添加剂）. After all, who can resist enjoying a tasty snack
when lost in a football game or an exciting new TV series?
Although much is discussed about the direct negative impact of these products on our health, including
obesity, heart diseases and diabetes, little has been said about the impacts of UPF on the environment. The most
serious environmental impacts of UPF-rich diets mainly come from the post-farm stages, especially from the final
product creation and packaging processes.
One specific additive that has the most environmental impact is palm oil. Palm oil is responsible for
deforestation of some of the world’s big forests, which have diverse animals and plants. It is one of the world’s
most consumed vegetable oils that can be found in half of our food. The massive waste generated by over-packaged
UPF is another factor to consider. Their plastic packaging doesn’t degrade in landfills or in nature and has a
dramatic impact on soil health and life in the sea. One recent study published in Nature Sustainability demonstrates
that UPF processing and packaging stages have the greatest environmental impacts of the whole system and are a
major source of environmental waste worldwide.
The environmental impact of ultra-processed foods cannot be ignored any longer. While producers must take
action, it is our growing awareness of what we buy and how it is produced that drives real change. By choosing
wisely — whether by rejecting heavily processed options or supporting sustainable brands — we exercise the
power to shape a better food system, a responsibility we must embrace.
1. What can be learned about UPF from the first paragraph?
A. They are primarily consumed during casual leisure activities.
B. They are carefully produced to be environmentally friendly.
C. They are filled with various kinds of healthy added nutrients.
D. They are favored by many for their fancy packages and flavors.
2. Why was palm oil introduced in the text?
A. To compare it with some other vegetable oils.
B. To explain UPF’s harmful environmental effects.
C. To show its relationship with animals and plants.
D. To discuss factors of UPF’s packaging-related pollution.
3. What does the author think of the role we play in fighting UPF?
A. Tiny.
B. Essential.
C. Replaceable.
D. Limited.
4. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. An environmental magazine.
B. A public health journal.
C. A food industry report.
D. An advertisement brochure.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨过度加工食品（UPF）的流行原因，及其对环境的负面影响，并呼
吁消费者通过明智选择推动食品体系改善。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Ultra-processed foods (UPF) have become increasingly popular and
range from chips to microwave meals and even bread. Even just a casual glance at supermarket
shelves reveals a collection of UPF offerings in delicate and attractive packaging. Besides their
affordability, UPF not only offer time-saving convenience, but also momentary satisfaction filled with
fat, sugar, salt and additives. After all, who can resist enjoying a tasty snack...( 过度加工食品
（UPF）越来越受欢迎，从薯片到微波炉餐点甚至面包都有。随便扫一眼超市货架，就能看到一系列包装
精致、诱人的UPF 产品。除了价格亲民，UPF 不仅省时方便，还能带来富含脂肪、糖、盐和添加剂的即
时满足感。毕竟，谁能抗拒在看足球比赛或精彩新剧时享用美味零食呢？）”可知，UPF 因精致的包装和
美味的口感受到很多人青睐。故选D 项。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“One specific additive that has the most environmental impact is
palm oil. Palm oil is responsible for deforestation of some of the world’s big forests, which have
diverse animals and plants.(对环境影响最大的一种特定添加剂是棕榈油。棕榈油导致了世界上一些拥有
多样化动植物的大型森林遭到砍伐)”可知，文中提及棕榈油，是为了具体举例说明UPF 对环境的有害影
响（因生产棕榈油导致森林砍伐）。故选B 项。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While producers must take action, it is our growing awareness of
what we buy and how it is produced that drives real change. By choosing wisely — whether by
rejecting heavily processed options or supporting sustainable brands — we exercise the power to
shape a better food system, a responsibility we must embrace.(虽然生产商必须采取行动，但推动真正
变革的是我们对所购买产品及其生产方式的日益认识。通过明智的选择——无论是拒绝重加工食品还是支
持可持续品牌——我们行使了塑造更好的食品系统的权力，这是我们必须承担的责任)”可知，作者认为消
费者在对抗UPF 带来的问题中扮演着关键角色，作用至关重要。故选B 项。
4. 推理判断题。通读全文，文章核心围绕“过度加工食品（UPF）对环境的负面影响”展开，从UPF 的
包装、添加剂（棕榈油）等方面分析其环境危害，最后呼吁消费者推动改变，主题与“环境”紧密相关，
因此最可能取自环境杂志。故选A 项。
（25-26 高三上·陕西咸阳·阶段练习）J. D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye remains a classic novel of
adolescent rebellion and isolation, connecting with generations since its 1951 publication. Through the voice of
Holden Caulfield, a teenager kicked out of prep school, Salinger captures the raw emotions of youth — anger,
confusion, and a desperate search for realness in a world he dismisses as “phoney”. The novel’s lasting power lies
not in grand adventure but in its intimate portrayal of Holden’s internal struggles, which reflect universal teenage
experience.
Holden’s journey through New York City acts as a psychological exploration. He criticizes the hypocrisy (虚
伪) of the adult world, mocks social expectations, and fantasizes about escaping to a simpler life “away from all the
nonsense.” Yet beneath his cynical (愤世嫉俗的) appearance lies vulnerability.
Symbolism deepens the novel’s exploration of innocence and loss. The repeated image of the “catcher in the
rye” — Holden’s fantasy of saving children from falling off a cliff — symbolizes his wish to preserve childhood
innocence. His repeated visits to the Museum of Natural History, where displays stay unchanged, reveal his longing
for stability. The ducks in Central Park’s Lake, which mysteriously disappear each winter, mirror Holden’s anxiety
about life’s uncertainties. Even the novel’s preface as “authentic adolescent voice”, serves as a rebellion against
social norms, making Holden’s voice feel startlingly real.
Though set in the 1950s, The Catcher in the Rye continues to speak to modern teenagers. In an era
dominated by social media and artificial identities, Holden’s hatred of hypocrisy feels strikingly relatable. Unlike
today’s digital interactions, Holden’s handwritten letters and face-to-face encounters in the novel emphasize the
original pure nature of human connection. Salinger’s refusal to romanticize adolescence — offering no easy
answers to pain — challenges readers to confront their own struggles with growing up. The novel endures not as a
relic but as a timeless conversation about the confusion and struggles of youth.
5. Where is the text most probably taken from?
A. A news report about modern education.
B. A literary journal on figures of speech.
C. A publisher’s preface for a special edition.
D. A psychological study on teenage rebellion.
6. What does the underlined word “phoney” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Fake.
B. Dangerous.
C. Traditional.
D. Complicated.
7. According to paragraph 3, what does the image “catcher in the rye” represent?
A. Holden’s admiration for rural life.
B. Holden’s desire to escape society.
C. Holden’s criticism of educational systems.
D. Holden’s wish to protect childhood purity.
8. What does Salinger agree with according to the last paragraph?
A. Adolescence deserves romanticizing.
B. Genuine human connections are vital.
C. Social media fosters sincere connections.
D. Teenagers require straightforward life solutions.
【答案】5. C 6. A 7. D 8. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过分析《麦田里的守望者》的核心主题、象征手法及其跨时代共鸣，
向读者阐释作品的文学价值与持久影响力。
5. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“J. D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye remains a classic
novel of adolescent rebellion and isolation, connecting with generations since its 1951 publication. (J. D.塞林
格的《麦田里的守望者》自1951 年出版以来，一直是一部关于青少年叛逆和孤独的经典小说，与几代人联
系在一起。)”和最后一段中“The novel endures not as a relic but as a timeless conversation about the
confusion and struggles of youth. (这部小说不是作为遗物而存在，而是作为一场关于青年的困惑和挣扎的
永恒对话。)”可知，文章以介绍《麦田里的守望者》的核心主题、象征手法和时代意义为主，首段点明这
是一本“经典小说”，末段强调这是一场“永恒对话”。由此推知，文章应该是这本小说的特别版序言，
为读者提供背景解读和作品价值提炼。故选C 项。
6. 词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Salinger captures the raw emotions of youth — anger, confusion, and a
desperate search for realness in a world (塞林格捕捉到了年轻人的原始情感——愤怒、困惑和对世界真实
性的绝望追求)”可知，年轻人在这个世界中绝望地寻找真实，说明世界被他们斥为“虚假”的，画线词意
为“虚假的”，与Fake 意思一致。故选A 项。
7. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“ The repeated image of the “catcher in the rye” — Holden’s fantasy of
saving children from falling off a cliff — symbolizes his wish to preserve childhood innocence. (“麦田里的守
望者”这一反复出现的形象——霍尔顿关于拯救孩子免于坠崖的幻想——象征了他保护童年纯真的愿
望。)”可知，“麦田里的守望者”形象代表霍尔顿保护童年纯真的愿望。故选D 项。
8. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In an era dominated by social media and artificial identities, Holden’s
hatred of hypocrisy feels strikingly relatable. Unlike today’s digital interactions, Holden’s handwritten
letters and face-to-face encounters in the novel emphasize the original pure nature of human connection. (在
一个由社交媒体和虚假身份主导的时代，霍尔顿对虚伪的憎恨让人产生了强烈的共鸣。与今天的数字互动
不同，霍尔顿在小说中手写的信件和面对面的接触强调了人类联系的原始纯粹本质。)”可知，作者对比数
字时代的虚假社交，突出塞林格的小说对真实人际关系的呼唤。因此，塞林格会认同“真诚的人际关系至
关重要”。故选B 项。
