专题05 完形填空之2021-2025 高考真题
01 完形填空记叙文五年高考考情统计
卷别
体裁
词数
主题
2025 全国I 卷
记叙文
240
免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事
2025 全国II 卷
记叙文
218
一位65 岁的老奶奶坚持健身
2025 浙江1 月卷
记叙文
206
与陌生人分享美食并结交朋友
2024 新课标I 卷
记叙文
234
凡是要有自己主见不人云亦云
2024 新课标II
记叙文
227
定居意大利及意大利风土人情
2024 全国甲卷
记叙文
276
厨房里祖母聊天以及家族传承
2024 浙江1 月
记叙文
226
火车上偶遇了中国男子的故事
2023 新课标I 卷
记叙文
225
越野赛背受伤选手到终点义举
2023 新课标II
记叙文
209
两位飞行员帮狗狗与主人团聚
2023 全国甲卷
记叙文
249
陌生的邻居教我不要以貌取物
2023 全国乙卷
记叙文
244
体操运动员终获奥运冠军故事
2022 新课标I 卷
记叙文
218
分享家庭野营两段趣味的经历
2022 新课标II 卷
记叙文
209
年轻的夫妇环球旅行免费住宿
2022 全国甲卷
记叙文
277
一对年轻人因狗结缘爱情故事
2021 新课标I 卷
记叙文
218
春假工厂打工体会到劳动价值
2021 新课标II 卷
记叙文
202
警员混入犯罪团伙成功破案了
2021 全国甲卷
记叙文
262
携香肠招海鸥致损致歉后解禁
02 完形填空六年高考话题解读
考点
五年考情（2021-2025）
命题趋势
考点1 记叙
文之人与自我
（5 年4 考）
2025 全国一卷---搬家免费赠送旧物获得快乐；
2024 新课标I 卷—跑步感悟目标量力而行；
2022 新课标I 卷—短暂打工经历体会；
2021 新课标II 卷—警察生活多样性。
1.主题以人与社会为主，兼顾人与自
我和人与自然”。
2.话题广泛，贴近学生，贴近生活，
贴近时代。
3.熟词生义考查是完形填空备考难点
和薄弱点，应加以重视，需要长期
积累。
4.完形填空短语考查也是不少学生的
软肋，需要深入积累和查漏补缺。
5.词语复现是完形填空一大特色，需
要学会准确把握上下文特定语境照
应提升答题能力。
6.完形填空侧重通过故事传递正能
量，讴歌真善美，弘扬社会主义核
心价值观。
考点2 记叙文
之人与社会
（5
年
10
考）
2025 全国二卷---老奶奶坚持健身消除网路质疑；
2025 浙江1 月卷--老师将烹饪发展为新社交平台；
2024 新课标II 卷—定居意大利的生活;
2024 浙江1 月卷—火车上偶遇中国男士;
2024 九省联考卷—加油站陌生人帮修车;
2023 新课标I 卷—背受伤女孩到终点线;
2023 新课标II 卷—飞行员接力帮陌生人送狗;
2023 四省联考卷—父亲造成孩子学习困难;
2022 新课标I 卷---野营趣事;
2022 新课标II 卷—环球旅行新模式-代为看家
考点2 记叙文
之人与自然
（5 年2 考）
2025 八省联考卷—海滩上鸽子帮老人捡项链；
2023 浙江1 月卷—养蜂人采蜂；
2020 新课标卷—小岛直树保家园。
一、设空特点
1.设空密度稳定。在250~300 词的短文中，设空为15 个。稳定的设空密度决定了完形填空稳定的命题难度。
2.设空以实词为主，虚词为辅；单词为主，短语为辅。高中英语完形填空试题绝大部分是单词填空，短语
填空的题量极少，且以实词(动词、形容词、副词等)为主，虚词(连词、介词等)为辅。这就需要学生根据上
下文语境和逻辑关系进行词义辨析。
3.设空词汇均不超出考纲词汇，且仅涉及基本意义和用法。在“瞻前顾后”的前提下，学生只要进行细致
推敲和细微辨析，就能够锁定最佳选项。
二、六大妙招
1.跳读首尾句进行预测
一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什
么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事;若首句是
提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文;若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。
2.利用固定搭配解题
完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。习惯用法是
英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对
词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能
力，特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。
3.利用复现信息解题
语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现
等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同
现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。
4.利用逻辑关系解题
尝试从逻辑关系的高度整体上把握，就会不无惊喜地发现逻辑关系才是征服完形填空的最佳途径。所
谓逻辑关系并不缥缈，它就隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落与段落的衔接中。通过逻辑关系的方法，
我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而在答案中寻找表现了相同逻辑意义的
选项。(1) 句中逻辑关系(2) 句间逻辑关系(3) 段间逻辑关系
5.巧用背景常识解题
解答完形填空题时，有时文章中提供的信息还不够，还需要把读者头脑中储存的一般知识信息结合起
来考虑，最后作出符合常识的最佳答案。因此，考生的知识范围越广，则对文章的理解会更容易，整体上
知道所选短文在说什么，那么局部上的每一个空填起来也会得心应手。因此解答完形填空题时，考生的英
语语言知识和有关世界的知识，都发挥着重要的作用。
6.根据感情色彩解题
考生在第一遍通读时，应在掌握文章大意，弄清作者思路的基础上，着重寻找反映语境褒贬性的标志
性词汇或句子，这些标志性词汇或句子往往对文章的语境褒贬性起着决定性的作用。
03 完形填空熟词生义361 例
熟词生义测试一（50 例）
指出下列句子中画线单词的中文意思。
1.We wandered about the town for an hour or so.
2.She looked at her mother in an absent way.
3. Her eyes took a while to accommodate to the darkness.
4. When my name was called, he looked across at me.
5. There’s a bus stop just across the road.
6.The professor will address his speech at 2:00 pm.
7.They finally added that they were pleased with the arrangement.
8. The theatre only admits 1,000 persons.
9. If you leave the club, you will not be admitted back in.
10. We were all deeply affected by her death.
11. It afforded her the opportunity to improve her tennis skills.
12. Now and then he would look at the scraper and try it against his hand.
13.The picture looks nice against the white wall.
14.Your story doesn’t agree with what the police have told us.
15. There was a comfortable air about her room.
16. She looked at him with a determined air.
17.This meal allows you one glass of milk for free.
18.A British woman was among the survivors.
19.Warm sunshine announces the coming of spring.
20.I kept ringing the bell, but no one answered the door.
21.She has an amazing appetite for knowledge.
22.Ben was always the apple of his father’s eye.
23.Apply the cream evenly over the skin.
24. Lay down your arms or we’ll fire!
25. His mother attended to him day and night.
26. Are you available tonight?
27. I was just an average sort of student.
28. She backed into the doorway to let the crowds pass by.
29. Her parents backed her in her choice of career.
30. We badly wanted to help, but there was nothing we could do.
31. That second-hand table was a real bargain.
32.He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the scars.
33.She bore the responsibility for most of the changes.
34.His work can’t bear close examination.
35. The problem is beyond me.
36. The stranger returned my greetings with a blank look.
37. His songs always make me feel blue.
38. The students board during the week and go home at weekends.
39. You‘re right, Josh. He may have a small build.
40. Tension began to build as they argued more frequently.
41. I was beginning to feel that I needed a break.
42. Shall we break for lunch now?
43. I didn’t know how I was going to break the news to my mother.
44. Dawn was breaking by the time we arrived home.
45. The following day the weather broke and we had ten days of rain.
46. She apologized for her broken English.
47. I will try to pave the way between the worlds and bridge the gap between you and me.
48. This is but one example of what can happen when things go badly wrong.
49.“Let’s just say it was an accident.” He‘ll never buy that.
50. All we’ve got is a couple of cans of soup.
熟词生义测试一答案
1.adv.到处,四处=美around2.adj.心不在焉的,出神的3.v.适应 4.adv.从……的一边向…… 5.prep.
在……对过, 在……对面 6.vt.发表演说 7.v.补充说,接着说 8.v. 容纳9.vt. 准许加入 10.vt.深深打动,
使悲伤 11.vt.提供,给予12.prep.和……接触 13.prep.在……映衬背景下14.vi.与……一致 15.n.气氛
16.n.神态,样子 17.vt.给予 18.prep.在其中 19.vt.通报……的到来 20.v.应答 21.n.渴望,欲望 22.
掌上明珠 23.vt.涂,敷 24.n.武器 25.v.照顾,护理 26.adj.人有空的 27.adj.普通的,平常的,一般的
28.v.后退 29.vt.支持 30.adv.很,非常31.n.减价品;便宜货32.vt.带有标记或特征33.vt.承担责任34.vt.
经得起考验,检查等 35.prep.无法解决,超过某人的能力36.adj.没有表情的,不感兴趣的 37.adj.忧伤的
38.v.在校寄宿 39.n.体格,体形 40.vi.逐渐增强41.n.休息,休假 42.v.稍停,暂停 43.v.第一个将坏消
息向某人公布, 说出 44.v. 开始 45.vi. 天气突变 46.adj. 不流利的 47.vt. 消除隔阂; 弥合分歧
48.adv.严重地49.vt.相信尤指不太可能的事 50.n.金属罐
熟词生义测试二（50 例）
指出下列句子中画线单词的中文意思。
51. She chose her words with care.
52. I felt free from the cares of the day as soon as I left the building.
53.The morning paper carried a story about demonstrations in New York and Washington D.C.
54. The teacher caught the boy cheating.
55. His finger caught in the door.
56.Even with staff of volunteers, Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause.
57. A chance remark by one of his colleagues got him thinking.
58. Can you make change for $20?
59. Before you use it, the battery must be charged.
60. Gibbons has been charged with murder.
61.A lot of lost property is never claimed.
62.The sky cleared after the storm.
63.Martin’s gone to collect the children from school.
64. He‘s studied in the US and has a good command of English.
65.I have no company on the journey.
66.Who will take his place still remains cloudy.
67.I will publish my results only when I have concluded my research.
68. He is too excited to contain his laughter.
69. Careless driving cost him his life.
70.It is not how much you read but what you read that counts.
71.The courses in this restaurant vary with seasons.
72.She laughed to cover her anxiety.
73.The Red Army covered 25,000 li in the Long March.
74.To cover the cost of hiring a bus, each student will have to pay $10 each time.
75.The library covers varieties of books.
76.Jack covered many presidents of different countries.
77.Don’t be cross with him—after all, he is a child.
78. She ran to the window and cried for help.
79. Nothing could cure her of her impatience with Anna.
80.Before the curtain went up, the dancers took their places on stage.
81.The original version was cut by more than 30 minutes.
82.He claimed $7,000 damages from the taxi company.
83. They’ve been dating for over six months.
84. Being badly ill, he was dashed to hospital.
85. Having been cheated in a business deal, he was reduced to nothing.
86.Oh, it is too dear. I don‘t have such a lot of money.
87. The king delivered a televised speech to the nation on November 5.
88. “Where are you going?” she demanded angrily.
89.He deserted his wife and children and went abroad.
90.Ben is desperate to get the job.
91.Did you have the films developed?
92.The old man developed lung cancer.
93. The menu includes a wide selection of vegetarian dishes.
94. Can you direct me to the station?
95. Will these shoes do for the wedding?
96. What moral are we to draw from the story?
97. What first drew you to teaching?
98. She drew away, but he pulled her close again.
99. Bobby drew a chair up to the table.
100. Ali reached into his pocket and drew out a piece of paper.
熟词生义测试二答案
51.n.小心,谨慎 52.n.忧虑,令人烦心的事 53.vt.登载;广播;报道54.vt.发现,撞见,当场抓住 55.v.被夹
住,绊住 56.n.事业 57.adj.偶然的,意外的 58.n.零钱 59.v.充电60.vt.指控;控告61.vt.索取,认领
62.vi.放晴 63.vt.接走 64.n.掌握 65.n.陪伴 66.adj.不明朗的,不清晰的 67.v.完成,结束 68.vt.抑
制 69.v.使丧失,使损失 70.vi.有价值,重要71.n.菜肴 72.v.掩饰,掩盖 73.vt.行走一段路程74.vt.足
以支付 75.vt.包括,涉及 76.vt.报道 77.adj.生气的 78.vi.大声叫;呼喊 79.v.纠正,矫正 80.n.幕布
81.v.删减,删剪,缩短 82.n.损害赔偿金复数 83.v.谈恋爱 84.vt.急送 85.n.交易 86.adj.昂贵的
87.vt.发表演讲 88.v.质问 89.vt.抛弃,丢弃90.adj.非常需要,极想91.vt.冲洗92.vt.患病 93.n.菜肴
94.vt.给……指路95.v.适合96.v.获得,推断出,得出 97.vt.吸引98.vi.向某一方向移动 99.vt.拉,拖
100.vt.拿出,取出
熟词生义测试三（50 例）
指出下列句子中画线单词的中文意思。
101. The nurse will dress that cut for you.
102.It is the same instinct that drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work.
103.Even though I am a very positive person, I lost my drive to write.
104. You can‘t expect me to drop everything whenever you’re in town.
105. Just drop me here. I can walk the rest of the way.
106. I just dropped by to see how you were getting on.
107. I’m dying to see what it is.
108. We talk more openly when we feel easy and relaxed.
109. The police employed force to open the door.
110.Good health encourages clear thinking.
111. He entered his name for an English contest.
112. His name escapes me right now.
113.Do you smell an escape of gas from the pipe?
114.The conference was an important social event.
115.The recent discoveries have excited new interest among doctors.
116. Can I be excused from swimming today? I have a cold.
117. Nothing can excuse such rudeness.
118.I‘m about to explode! He broke his promise again.
119.You must exploit every opportunity to learn English.
120.Can I deliver the file by express?
121.Is there an express from Nanjing to Shanghai?
122. Christmas falls on a Friday this year.
123. It grew colder as the night fell.
124.William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail.
125. She felt in her bag for a pencil.
126.She figured that she would be the next.
127.The man will get a fine if he parks the car there.
128. I’ve just been fired from my job, and I don’t know what to do.
129. Donations have been flooding in since we launched the appeal.
130. I received a flood of letters this morning.
131. I wanted to put the wardrobe behind the door, but I don‘t think it’ll fit.
132.He spoke with a strong accent, so I found it difficult to follow him.
133. She forced a smile to cover up her awkwardness.
134.The subject is foreign to all of us.
135.All our drinks are free from artificial colourings and flavourings.
136. I froze with terror as the door slowly opened.
137. “Freeze! Or I‘ll shoot,” shouted the policeman.
138.She is quite fresh to the work.
139.The car gained speed gradually.
140.Given the circumstances, you’ve done really well.
141. He was glued to the TV when the Olympics were on.
142.That morning, however, the process didn’t go quickly.
143.The first prize for biology went to the youngest child in the class.
144.Pink and orange don‘t go.
145. It’s really heavy. Can you give me a hand?
146. It happened that the new person in the office was the woman he had met at the party.
147.The ship was heading for Shanghai.
148. Some argued that attention should be paid to our heavy road traffic.
149.My father is a heavy smoker.
150. I always end up having an argument with her. I don’t know why. I just can’t help it.
熟词生义测试三答案
101.vt.清理,包扎伤口 102.vt.迫使,驱使 103.n.动力 104.vt.停止,放弃 105.vt.中途卸客106.vi.临时
拜访 107.vi.渴望,期望 108.adj.舒适的,安逸的 109.v.使用,利用110.v.促进,助长 111.v.报名参加
112.vt.被忘记,一时想不起 113.n.气体、液体等漏出,逸出 114.n.活动,场合 115.vt.激起 116.vt.准
许……离开 117.vt.为……开脱,给……找理由118.v.勃然大怒119.vt.利用120.n.快递 121.n. 特快列车
122.vi.节日、庆典等发生 123.vi.夜幕等降临 124.vi.下降,下跌,降低 125.vi.摸索,寻找126.v.认为,以
为,料想 127.n.罚款 128.vt.解雇129.vi.大量涌入 130.n.大量的人/事物 131.v.可容纳 132.vt.认为,
感到 133.vt.强装欢笑 134.adj.陌生的 135.adj.没有……的,不含……的 136.vi.惊呆 137.vi.别动
138.adj.无经验的 139.vt.增加速度、重量等 140.prep.考虑到 141.vt.全神贯注地看,离某物很近
142.vi.事情进展143.v.被授予某人144.v.相配 145.n.帮助 146.v.碰巧147.v.朝……地方而去148.adj.
交通拥挤的149.adj.做某事超出一般的 150.v.抑制,控制住
熟词生义测试四（50 例）
指出下列句子中画线单词的中文意思。
151.They helped each other to the dish.
152.The case can hold all my clothes.
153. Some cigarette ads are designed to hook young people.
154. The movie is going to be this summer‘s hot ticket.
155. We’re waiting for the hot news on the election results.
156.The library houses tens of thousands of books.
157.Students are hungry for knowledge.
158. It hurts when I try to move my leg.
159.It‘s no good speaking ill of others.
160.His best music was inspired by the memory of his mother.
161. She was acting entirely in her own interests.
162.They offered to buy out his interests in the company.
163.He invented an excuse for his being late.
164.The dishes are really inviting.
165.Such comments are just inviting trouble.
166.Mother is ironing my shirt with an electric iron.
167.The accident jammed the main road for two hours.
168.He jammed his fingers in his ears.
169.Removing the table is quite a job.
170.Join the two pieces of wood with strong glue.
171.Last week the prices of goods jumped.
172.You are a just person.
173.He needs more money to keep his wife and children.
174.The meat will keep overnight.
175.The coffee shop is well kept.
176.The house structure is a key factor that customers consider.
177. She gets a kick out of driving at high speed.
178.Take it easy. I’m just kidding.
179.How does the man kill time?
180.I’ve watched one friend after another land high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs.
181.He is the last man I want to see.
182. The food will last us for three weeks.
183.She missed her late husband very much.
184.They are laying bricks.
185.I learned of that yesterday.
186. I’ve applied for three days’ leave.
187. My father gave me a lecture about the danger of smoking.
188.The accident taught me a lesson I’ll never forget.
189.The book lay open on the table.
190. The couple decided to let out the smaller flat at a lower price.
191. Can you give me a lift to the station?
192.His report gave us a lift.
193.The children are full of life.
194. The car broke down on a lonely stretch of a country road.
195. He longed to travel around the world.
196. She kept her looks even in her old age.
197. Please hurry! My watch loses 10 minutes.
198. Come on. We have no time to lose.
199. It‘s not unusual to feel rather lost when you first start college.
200. It is difficult for us to find a parking lot outside some shopping centres.
熟词生义测试四答案
151.v.为自己/某人取用152.v.容纳 153.vt.吸引154.adj.红极一时的,很受欢迎的 155.adj.最新的
156.vt. 收藏, 藏有 157.adj. 渴求的 158.vi. 疼 159.adv. 坏地, 恶劣地 160.vt. 启发 161.n. 利益
162.n.股份 163.v.捏造,虚构164.adj.诱人的,吸引人的 165.vt.招致 166.vt.熨烫167.vt.堵塞 168.v.
把……使劲塞进或挤进 169.n.费力的事170.vt.连接 171.vi.突升,猛涨172.adj.公正的173.vt.养活
174.vi.食物等保鲜175.vt.管理,经营 176.adj.关键的177.n.极度刺激 178.v.开玩笑179.vt.消磨,打发
180.vt.谋得工作等181.adj.最不可能的182.v.足够维持,够用 183.adj.已故的184.vt.铺,铺设 185.v.听
到,获悉,得知186.n.休假,假期187.n. 说教,训斥188.n.教训,经验 189.linking verb.处于某种状态
190.v.出租 191.n.搭便车192.n.较好的心情 193.n.生机,活力,朝气194.adj.荒凉的,人迹稀少的195.vi.
渴望 196.n.尤指吸引人的相貌 197.vi.钟表走慢198.vt.浪费,失去 199.adj.迷惘的,困惑的,不知所措
的200.n.作某种用途的场地
熟词生义测试五（50 例）
指出下列句子中画线单词的中文意思。
201. Some girls are mad about going to dances.
202. I’m sure you will make a very good teacher.
203.She matched the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour.
204. No one can match him in English.
205.It‘s hard to measure his ability when we haven‘t seen his work.
206.Tom said sharply, “Don’t be so mean.”
207.He says you’re fired if you‘re not back at work on Friday. And I think he meant it.
208. The company says it is unable to meet the workers’ demands for higher wages.
209.Our eyes met momentarily, and then he looked away.
210.The message of the film is that good always triumphs over evil.
211. Mind your head!
212. If we leave now we should miss the traffic.
213.The police had monitored all of his phone calls.
214.She masked her anger with a smile.
215. Warm clothes are a must in the mountains.
216. If you must smoke, please go outside.
217. One car went too fast and narrowly missed hitting the other one.
218. I think I misunderstood the nature of this event.
219. It is not in his nature to be aggressive.
220. “I want to be famous! I am tired of being a nobody,” he said.
221. I noted that her hands were dirty.
222.While nursing her ill elder sister, Charlotte discovered she had an interest in medicine.
223. Someone who doesn’t observe traffic regulations will probably get hurt.
224.Do you plan to observe Christmas in China?
225. He‘s still fully occupied with writing his report.
226.It had never occurred to him that he might be falling in love with her.
227.The company made an offer of $5 million for the site.
228.Children need to play out in the open.
229.They left the matter open.
230.Have you ordered your meal?
231. He owes a great deal to his publishers.
232. He’s taken great pains to improve his image.
233. I left some important papers in my briefcase.
234. She spent the evening marking exam papers.
235. A car park is a place where you may park your car.
236. I hope we‘ll never part.
237. You can’t get in without a pass.
238. It pays to get some professional advice before you make a decision.
239. Students have to pick three courses from a list of 15.
240.I would like to picture my future life in ten years.
241. We‘re going to lose anyway, so I can’t see the point of playing.
242.It‘s standard practice for a company like this one to employ a security officer.
243. He’s seldom at home, but that‘s the price of success.
244.The dark clouds promise rain.
245.We are trying to bring along several promising young football players.
246. He pulled off his damp shirt.
247. He pulled out his wallet and said, “Let me pay.”
248.I need to push myself more at work.
249.“She is a good girl,” the girl’s mother put.
250. Race to see what is happening.
熟词生义测试五答案
201.adj.特别喜欢的,狂热的,着迷的202.linking verb.适合,成为 203.vt.与……相配 204.vt.比得上,
是……的对手 205.vt.估量,判定206.adj.小气的,吝啬的 207.vt.当真,说到做到 208.v.满足要求
209.v.眼神等接触 210.n.要点,启示211.v.当心,注意212.vt.避开,躲开不好或讨厌的事213.vt.监听
214.vt.掩饰 215.n.必不可少的事物,必须做的事 216.modal verb.非得217.adv.勉强地,以毫厘之差
218.n.本质,性质 219.n.天性,本性 220.n.小人物221.vt.注意到 222.vt.看护,照料223.vt.遵守224.vt.
庆祝,欢度 225.adj.忙于26.vi.被想到227.n. 开价,出价228.n.野外,户外229.adj.问题、事情等未解决的
230.v.订购,点饭菜231.vt.把……归功于232.n.苦功,大力气233.n.文件234.n.试卷235.n.专用区236.vi.
分手,分开237.n.通行证238.vi.合算,值得,有好处239.vt. 选择,挑选 240.vt.描绘241.n.意义242.n.惯例,
通常的做法 243.n.代价244.vt.预示 245.adj.有希望的,有前途的246.v.迅速地穿上或脱下 247.v.拿
出,掏出 248.v.鞭策,督促 249.vt.陈述,表达250.v.使快速移动,快速运转
熟词生义测试六（50 例）
指出下列句子中画线单词的中文意思。
251. Of all the men in the survey, they rate themselves the least fun-loving and the most responsible.
252. The farmer raises cows and corn.
253. They are raising funds to help needy youngsters.
254.I’ve been trying all day to reach him on the telephone.
255. She reached into her bag and produced a business card.
256.The north-eastern parts reach into the Pannonian Basin.
257.Medicine should be placed without children‘s reach to make sure of safety.
258.It’s hard to read the expression on his face.
259.A sign on the outer door read “No Entry”.
260.I tried to reason with him, but he wouldn’t listen.
261.Please remember me to your parents.
262. How can I repair the damage I have caused?
263.He replaced the book on the shelf.
264.I would like to pay my respects to your parents.
265. Rest your head on my shoulder.
266. His warning was still ringing in my ears.
267.He was received as an honoured guest at the White House.
268. The chairman rose from his chair and came forward to greet her.
269. I hope there’s going to be enough room in the fridge.
270.We are losing the game in the last round due to our carelessness.
271. For a while, she ran a restaurant in Boston.
272. Charles ran his fingers through her hair.
273. I can’t make this machine run properly.
274. Salinas is running for a second term as president.
275.He does not intend to rush his decision.
276.Dan was rushed to hospital with serious head injuries.
277.I’m sorry to rush you, but we need a decision by Friday.
278.Setting down clear rules from the start will save arguments later on.
279. We‘ll save the rest of the food and have it later.
280.The kind of car you drive says what kind of person you are.
281.He scored his first goal of the season on Saturday.
282. The auditorium can seat 5,000 audiences.
283.I can’t see why he‘s so upset.
284.This century has seen too many wars.
285. I could sense that something was wrong.
286.Sanchez was sentenced to three years in prison.
287.Meals can be served to you in your room.
288. The sofa had to serve as a bed.
289. The dog settled on the grass to enjoy its bone.
290. Her gaze settled on a door, and she wondered what was on the other side of it.
291.Please come here at seven o’clock sharp.
292.Can you lend me a couple of dollars? I‘m a little short.
293.Young people should learn to shoulder the blame.
294.He was sick again and dashed to the bathroom.
295.She sank back into her seat, exhausted.
296.She gained some 25 pounds in weight during pregnancy.
297.She was the first teacher who’d made Paul feel like he was somebody.
298. It‘s quite something to have a job at all these days.
299.It is important to have a sound body.
300.With heavy rain falling all night, she had a sound sleep.
熟词生义测试六答案
251.v.评估252.v.饲养;种植 253.vt.筹集,募集254.vt.与……取得联系 255.v.伸手 256.v.延伸257.n.
伸手可及的距离258.vt.理解 259.v.写着260.v.和某人讲道理,规劝261.vt.代……问好 262.vt.弥补,补
救 263.v.把……放回原处 264.n.敬意,问候 265.v.使倚靠 266.vi.回响267.vt.接待,接见268.vi.站立,
起身 269.n.空间,地方 270.n.游戏、体育回合,一局,一轮271.vt.经营,管理272.vt.移动某物,拨弄
273.vi.机器等运转274.vi.参加竞选 275.v.仓促行事,匆匆决定276.vt.快速送往 277.vt.催促278.vt.省
去,免去279.vt.保留,保存280.vt.表明 281.v.得分 282.vt.坐得下……人283.vt.明白,理解 284.vt.见
证事件 285.vt. 感觉到 286.vt. 判决,判刑 287.vt.给某人提供;端上 288.vi.充当 289.v.使处于舒适
的位置290.vi.目光停留291.adv.……点整 292.adj.资金短缺的,不足的293.vt.承担294.adj.恶心的,想
呕吐的 295.vi.倒下,坐下296.adv.大约297.pron.重要人物298.pron.想来重要或值得注意的事物
299.adj.健全的,健康的 300.adj.酣畅的
熟词生义测试七（30 例）
指出下列句子中画线单词的中文意思。
301.I’d like you to come over when you can spare a couple of hours.
302. I wanted to spare them the trouble of buying me a present.
303. The warm morning sun lifted our spirits.
304.It can be hard for even a trained doctor to spot the symptoms of lung cancer.
305.I found the fish stand surrounded in a sea of customers.
306. He dressed quietly and stole out of the house.
307.A basketball coach must know the strengths and weaknesses of his players.
308.His jokes didn’t strike Jack as being very funny.
309. An idea suddenly struck me.
310. The church clock began to strike at twelve.
311. The matches were damp and he couldn’t make them strike.
312. I struggled up the hill with the heavy bags.
313. He studied her face thoughtfully.
314.He has a beautiful small old wooden study.
315. Her pale face suggested bad health.
316.I’ve had a tough few months, but I‘ll survive.
317.His meagre wage is not enough to support his five children.
318. Tom sprung out of bed and ran downstairs.
319. He will succeed Foley as Speaker of the House.
320.The moment Kramer walked in, I could tell that things were not going well.
321. He threw himself down onto the bed.
322. He is planning to throw a birthday party for his grandmother.
323. The new driver got a ticket for speeding.
324. He is thirsty for power.
325.We treated Mum to lunch at the Savoy.
326. Her son’s visit is a great treat for her.
327.While she was in Paris, she developed a taste for fine art.
328.We have tasted the sweets and bitters of life.
329.It was he who coined the term “anorexia”.
330. I‘m sorry. I hadn’t realized the situation was that bad.
331.He has two heart attacks in a year. It hasn’t stopped him smoking, though.
332.They tied with the visiting team in the game.
333.Larry was travelling along Road 165 north after delivering letters to one of his customers.
334. I couldn’t carry everything at once, so I had to make several trips.
335. You must wait your turn patiently.
336. He upset a bowl of soup.
337. The chemicals upset the balance of the environment.
338. Moreover, I will open more channels for you to voice your opinions and needs.
339.In his values, he values the conventional cultures of his country.
340. The very thought of food made me feel ill.
341. I spent the summer waiting tables.
342. Grandma‘s out walking the dog.
343. Schools are urging parents to walk their children to school.
344.This society welcomes people from all walks of life.
345.Her thoughts wandered back to her youth.
346.She’s wanted immediately in the director‘s office.
347.The other cyclists were way behind.
348.I can still remember he was always wearing a smile and willing to help.
349.It is no longer smart to wear long hair and a beard.
350.My shoes have worn down at the heel.
351.His lined face looked worn and sad.
352. What did it say in the will?
353. Even though she was in terrible pain, she never lost the will to live.
354.The river winds to the sea.
355.My watch has stopped for I didn’t wind it last night.
356.There was still no word from John.
357.I give you my word that it won‘t happen again.
358.The medicine works more effectively if you drink some hot water after taking it.
359. They have done me a great wrong.
360. The tailor stood there, considering how to design the suit tailored for the president.
361. We need to tap the expertise of the people we already have.
熟词生义测试七答案
301.vt.抽出,匀出302.vt.免去麻烦、困难等 303.n.情绪,心境 304.vt.发现,看到 305.n.摊位306.vi.悄
悄地移动307.n.长处,优势 308.vt.给某人以某种印象 309.v.突然被想到 310.v.钟敲响311.v.擦,划火
柴 312.vi.艰难地行进,吃力地进行 313.vt.审视,端详,细看314.n.书房315.vt.表明 316.v.从困难中挺
过来,渡过难关317.vt.供养318.vi.跳,蹦 319.vt.接替 320.v.知道,看出321.vt.猛动身体部位322.vt.举
行323.n.罚单 324.adj.渴望的 325.vt.款待,请客326.n.乐事 327.n.兴趣,爱好328.v.体验快乐、悲伤
等 329.n.术语,词语 330.adv.那么331.adv.可是,不过,然而332.vi.打成平手 333.v.行进 334.n.出行
335.n.轮流的机会336.vt.打翻337.vt.打乱计划、平衡等 338.vt.表达,吐露339.v.重视,珍视340.adj.正
是的,仅仅的 341.v.在餐馆端盘子,招待顾客342.vt.遛狗 343.vt.护送某人到某地344.n.行业 345.vi.
走神,思想开小差346.vt.需要……在场347.adv.很远348.vt.面带,流露 349.vt.留发、须等350.v.使磨损,
磨破351.adj.疲倦的,筋疲力尽的 352.n.遗嘱 353.n.意志354.vi.蜿蜒 355.v.给钟表上发条 356.n.
消息 357.n.承诺,保证 358.vi.起作用 359.n.不公正,冤屈 360.vt.迎合，使适应 361. vt.开发，发掘，
利用
04 读后续写五年高考真题再现
考点01 记叙文之人与自我
【2025 全国一卷】
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41 the beloved home our family had spent
23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 42 we were moving to in town, donated what we
could, and rented a place to 43 our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 44 with
things that, while not particularly 45 , didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional
46 , another asking for a price cut. As our 47 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it.
The 48 : “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily
with the vase.
49 , I posted more. My daily posts and the 50 I received became a precious ray of light in the
chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 51 the landfill and to please another person I
might not otherwise have 52 .
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 53 that share our small space. I take 54 in
knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 55 something that couldn’t come with us.
41. A. painting over
B. looking around
C. emptying out
D. pulling down
42. A. hotel
B. office
C. cottage
D. apartment
43. A. store
B. display
C. sell
D. repair
44. A. covered
B. decorated
C. stuffed
D. equipped
45. A. conventional
B. valuable
C. complicated
D. tolerable
46. A. fees
B. photos
C. receipts
D. models
47. A. move
B. pay
C. market
D. work
48. A. warning
B. request
C. description
D. reply
49. A. Confused
B. Interested
C. Disappointed
D. Encouraged
50. A. visits
B. reports
C. advice
D. money
51. A. remove
B. spare
C. find
D. check
52. A. investigated
B. recognized
C. encountered
D. recommended
53. A. giveaways
B. posts
C. contributions
D. belongings
54. A. joy
B. part
C. care
D. time
55. A. anticipating
B. appreciating
C. delivering
D. withdrawing
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。
41. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和丈夫刚刚卖掉了我们的房子，我们正忙着清空我们一家人花了23 年时
间建造的心爱的房子。A. painting over 粉刷覆盖；B. looking around 环顾四周；C. emptying out 清空；
D. pulling down 拆除。根据上文“My husband and I had just sold our house”和下文“the beloved home
our family had spent 23 years filling up”可推知，此处指作者卖掉了房子，忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的
东西。故选C。
42. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东
西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. hotel 酒店；B. office 办公室；C. cottage 小屋；
D. apartment 公寓。根据文章最后一段“I sit in my apartment today”可推知，此处指作者一家人搬到了公
寓。故选D。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，
并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. store 储存；B. display 展示；C. sell 出售；D. repair
修理。根据上文“rented a place”以及下文“our supposedly important objects”可推知，此处指租地方是为
了存放重要物品。故选A。
44. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填
埋场的东西。A. covered 覆盖的；B. decorated 装饰的；C. stuffed 塞满的；D. equipped 配备的。根据上
文“rented a place to 43 our supposedly important objects”以及下文“with things”可推知，此处
指房子里仍塞满物品。故选C。
45. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填
埋场的东西。A. conventional 传统的；B. valuable 有价值的；C. complicated 复杂的；D. tolerable 可容
忍的。根据上文“while not particularly”以及下文“didn’t belong in a landfill”可推知，此处指虽不贵重但
不应丢弃的物品。故选B。
46. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有几条信息进来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条请求降价。A. fees 费用；
B. photos 照片；C. receipts 收据；D. models 模型。根据上文“ I took a picture of the vase” 及
“additional”可推知，此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。
47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着搬家日的临近，我确定了一个新的价格（0 美元）并重新发布了它。A.
move 搬家；B. pay 支付；C. market 市场；D. work 工作。根据前文搬家背景及下文“day drew near”可
推知，此处指搬家日临近。故选A。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：描述：“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”A. warning 警告；B. request 请
求；C. description 描述；D. reply 回复。根据上文“I took a picture of the vase and posted it online”以及
下文“I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.”可推知，此处指是重新发布的对花瓶的描述。故选C。
49. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到鼓励，我发布了更多。A. Confused 困惑的；B. Interested 感兴趣
的；C. Disappointed 失望的；D. Encouraged 受鼓励的。根据上文“In an instant, a woman raced into my
house and left happily with the vase.”以及作者后文持续发帖的行为，可推知，此处指作者受到鼓舞。故选
D。
50. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天收到的帖子和来我家里的拜访，在我混乱的房子里变成了一束珍贵
的光芒。A. visits 拜访；B. reports 报告；C. advice 建议；D. money 钱。根据上文“In an instant, a
woman raced into my house”以及“My daily posts”和后文的互动，可推知，此处指去作者家里拜访。故选
A。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本
可能不会遇到的人。A. remove 移除；B. spare 省得；免去；C. find 发现；D. check 检查。根据上文语
境以及下文“the landfill”可推知，此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来代替丢掉旧物垃圾填埋，此处spare 引申
为“免去”表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本
可能不会遇到的人。A. investigated 调查；B. recognized 认出；C. encountered 遇见；D. recommended
推荐。根据上文“another person I might not otherwise”可推知，此处指免费赠送旧物让原本不会遇见的人
感到高兴。故选C。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我坐在我的公寓里，爱着我们小空间里的每一件所有物。A. giveaways
赠品；B. posts 帖子；C. contributions 贡献；D. belongings 所有物。结合语境，再根据上文“I sit in my
apartment today”以及下文“share our small space”可推知，此处指现在拥有的物品。故选D。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，
我感到很快乐。A. joy 快乐；B. part 部分；C. care 关心；D. time 时间。结合语境，再根据上文“loving
each of the 43 that share our small space.”以及下文“in knowing that, somewhere nearby”可推知，此
处指作者免费赠送旧物，也从中获得了快乐。故选A。
55.
考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我
感到很快乐。A. anticipating 期待；B. appreciating 欣赏；C. delivering 递送；D. withdrawing 撤回。根
据上文“I take 43 in knowing that, somewhere nearby”以及下文“something that couldn’t come with
us”可推知，此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的，赠予的物品。故选B。
【2025 全国二卷】
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41 seven years ago after having a
42 call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43 led her to getting
surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44 . Determined to turn her life around,
Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 45 lifestyle, before discovering a 46 for
weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the 47 lover has not only managed to 48 an impressive set of
muscles — but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 49 others can’t look
this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a 50 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “ 51
others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 52 .” She previously explained that “you
do not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the 53 is to feel good, not look good.”
Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54 wrong in
the best possible way and has indeed become an 55 or many social media users.
41. A. write
B. travel
C. exercise
D. recover
42. A. goodwill
B. timeout
C. long-distance
D. wake-up
43. A. normally
B. ultimately
C. suddenly
D. automatically
44. A. change
B. fortune
C. wish
D. deal
45. A. risky
B. traditional
C. comfortable
D. healthy
46. A. demand
B. secret
C. passion
D. cure
47. A. peace
B. fitness
C. fun
D. nature
48. A. grow
B. control
C. activate
D. relax
49. A. need
B. choice
C. reason
D. difference
50. A. green light
B. road block
C. passing mark
D. stepping stone
51. A. Help
B. Consult
C. Follow
D. Forgive
52. A. accepted
B. shared
C. expected
D. celebrated
53. A. goal
B. case
C. duty
D. cost
54. A. instructors
B. admirers
C. beginners
D. doubters
55. A. authority
B. excuse
C. inspiration
D. option
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位65 岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，消
除网络质疑的故事。
41..考查动词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. write 写作；B.
travel 旅行；C. exercise 锻炼；D. recover 康复。根据下文的“Determined to turn her life around, Ms
Donohue began to work out...”可知，此处指老奶奶开始锻炼身体。故选C。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. goodwill 善意、友
好；B. timeout 超时；C. long-distance 长途；D. wake-up 唤醒。结合语境，再根据后文“She’d been
struggling with eating disorders and health issues”可推知，此处指这是一次“警醒”老奶奶的经历。故选
D。
43.考查副词词义辨析。句意：她一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争，最终导致她接受了手术。A.
normally 通常；B. ultimately 最终；C. suddenly 突然；D. automatically 自动地。根据上文“She’d been
struggling with eating disorders and health issues”以及下文“led her to getting surgery”可推知，此处指健
康问题最终导致手术。故选B。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那次经历之后，她知道她需要做出改变。A. change 改变；B. fortune 幸运；
C. wish 愿望；D. deal 交易。根据上文“led her to getting surgery”及后文“turn her life around”可推知，
此处指她经历过手术后领悟到了自己需要改变。故选A。
45.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Donohue 女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后
她发现了对举重的热爱。A. risky 有风险的；B. traditional 传统的；C. comfortable 舒适的；D. healthy 健
康的。根据上文“Ms Donohue began to work out”可推知，此处指她选择健康的生活方式。故选D。
46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue 女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她
发现了对举重的热爱。A. demand 要求；B. secret 秘密；C. passion 激情，热情；D. cure 疗法、药物。根
据上文“ Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a
4 5
lifestyle” 以及下文的“ for
weightlifting”可推知，此处指她积极锻炼身体，对举重产生了热情，a passion for sth.意为“对某事充满热
情”。故选C。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在
社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. peace 和平；B. fitness 健身；C. fun 乐趣；D. nature 自然。根据下文
“workout content”可推知，此处指她是健身爱好者。故选B。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在
社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. grow 形成，产生；B. control 控制；C. activate 激活；D. relax 放松。
根据下文“an impressive set of muscles”可推知，此处指她练出肌肉，即产生肌肉。故选A。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来
这么好。A. need 需要；B. choice 选择；C. reason 理由；D. difference 差异。根据上文“no”以及下文
“others can’t look this good”可推知，此处指她认为自己可以做到，没有理由别人不能做到。故选C。
50.考查名词短语辨析。句意：坚持下去：把失败当作通往成功的垫脚石，永不放弃。A. green light 绿灯；
B. road block 路障；C. passing mark 通过标志；D. stepping stone 踏脚石。结合语境，再根据上文“The
well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no
4 9
others can’t look
this good.”和“failure as a”以及下文“to success”可推知，此处指失败是成功的垫脚石。故选D。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：帮助他人：在你的旅程中激励他人。A. Help 帮助；B. Consult 咨询；C.
Follow 遵循；D. Forgive 原谅。根据下文“Lift others up”可推知，此处指她提倡帮助他人。故选A。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：分享成功更甜蜜。A. accepted 接受；B. shared 共享；C. expected 期待；D.
celebrated 庆祝。根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no
49 others can’t look this good.”可知，这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理
由不能看起来这么好，由此可知，此处指的是成功在分享时更甜蜜。故选B。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她此前曾解释道：“你无需拥有完美身材才能锻炼……锻炼的目标是让自己
感觉良好，而非看起来好看。”A. goal 目标；B. case 案例；C. duty 责任；D. cost 成本。根据上文“you
do not need to have an amazing body to exercise”以及下文“is to feel good, not look good.”可推知，此处指
运动的目标是感觉良好。故选A。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue 女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明
了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. instructors 讲师；B. admirers 管理员；C.
beginners 初学者；D. doubters 持怀疑态度的人。根据上文“Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being
too old to work out, but she has proved the”以及下文“wrong in the best possible way”可推知，此处指
Donohue 女士用自己的方式证明怀疑者错了。故选D。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue 女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明
了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. authority 权威；B. excuse 借口；C.
inspiration 灵感；D. option 选项。根据语境以及下文“or many social media users”可知，一位65 岁的老
奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，这对其他人来说就是励志的典范，由此可知，此处指她成为许
多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。故选C。
【2024 新课标I 卷】
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I’ve been motivated – and demotivated – by other folks’ achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started
running 42 , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 43 for a
“super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run – 15 miles. To be
honest, I 44 it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I
decided that the only 46 I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I 47 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 48 of entering cycle races until I flew to
San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 49 her bike and went for a ride. The 50
: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such
51 . That day, I got 52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home,
suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 53 .
I’ve 54 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever 55 I set for myself, they just have
to be my own.
41. A. knew
B. held
C. won
D. quit
42. A. regularly
B. silently
C. proudly
D. recently
43. A. asking
B. looking
C. waiting
D. training
44. A. made
B. believed
C. hated
D. deserved
45. A. advantage
B. achievement
C. contribution
D. influence
46. A. way
B. risk
C. place
D. reason
47. A. gave up
B. went on
C. turned to
D. dealt with
48. A. heard
B. dreamed
C. complained
D. approved
49. A. painted
B. borrowed
C. bought
D. parked
50. A. problem
B. secret
C. principle
D. advice
51. A. dangers
B. events
C. opponents
D. challenges
52. A. passed
B. convinced
C. admired
D. stopped
53. A. reliable
B. convenient
C. familiar
D. appealing
54. A. traveled
B. matured
C. missed
D. worried
55. A. limits
B. dates
C. goals
D. tests
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经历，
并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew 知道；B. held
抓住；C. won 赢得；D. quit 退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一
个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C 项。
42.考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly 有规律地；
B. silently 默默地；C. proudly 自豪地；D. recently 最近。根据前文“Feeling motivated” 可知，作者有了
动力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A 项。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指
的是52.4 英里的双马拉松。A. asking 要求；B. looking 看；C. waiting 等待；D. training 训练。根据后文
“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。
故选D 项。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made 制作；B. believed 相信；C. hated 讨厌；D.
deserved 值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between
the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles 和女
孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C 项。
45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再
跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage 优势；B. achievement 成就；C. contribution 贡献；
D. influence 影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem
small”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles 做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选
B 项。
46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再
跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way 方式；B. risk 风险；C. place 地方；D. reason 理由。根据后
文“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会再
跑步，这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D 项。
47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up 放弃；B. went on 继续；C. turned to 转向；
D. dealt with 处理。根据前文“I decided that the only6I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after
me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C 项。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard 听到；
B. dreamed 梦想；C. complained 抱怨；D. approved 批准。根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可
知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B 项。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted 把……描绘成；
B. borrowed 借；C. bought 买；D. parked 停(车)。根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后
文“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B 项。
50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A.
problem 问题；B. secret 秘密；C. principle 原则；D. advice 建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill for miles
at a time. I’d never faced such 51 .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A
项。
51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers 危险；B. events 事件；C.
opponents 对手；D. challenges 挑战。根据前文“The 50 : The roads there went through large valleys
where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故
选D 项。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100 个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。
A. passed 超过；B. convinced 说服；C. admired 欣赏；D. stopped 阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such
51 .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A 项。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable 可信赖的；
B. convenient 方便的；C. familiar 熟悉的；D. appealing 吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I got
52
by
about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100 多人超过，所以此时是觉
得骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D 项。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled 旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；
C. missed 思念；D. worried 担心。根据后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever
55
I set for myself, they
just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B 项。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是
我自己的。A. limits 限制；B. dates 日期；C. goals 目标；D. tests 测试。根据后文“I set for myself, they
just have to be my own.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的”，符合
语境。故选C 项。
【2022 新课标I 卷】
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a
baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 41
little
bunny (兔子) cakes for all its
42
throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight
kids for
43
help during our spring break, for which I had no 44 beyond listening to my favorite
records. I’d
45
minimum wage. I’d see how a factory
46
. My parents thought all of this was a grand
idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 47
.
Our
48
in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ( 糖霜) ears. Apply
icing eyes and nose.
49
bunny from the belt. This was
50
than it sounds.
51
a bit and the
cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d 52
.
Dad
53
. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood
54
food in Benardsville,
New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you
55
the dollars you earned and respect those who did
the work, he told me.
41. A. sold
B. ordered
C. made
D. reserved
42. A. stores
B. families
C. schools
D. citizens
43. A. generous
B. financial
C. technical
D. temporary
44. A. plans
B. problems
C. excuses
D. hobbies
45. A. offer
B. earn
C. set
D. suggest
46. A. worked
B. closed
C. developed
D. survived
47. A. ambition
B. permission
C. experience
D. invitation
48. A. joys
B. ideas
C. roles
D. choices
49. A. Save
B. Keep
C. Stop
D. Remove
50. A. harder
B. better
C. longer
D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down
B. Slow down
C. Stay on
D. Move on
52. A. indicated
B. witnessed
C. expected
D. remembered
53. A. cried
B. smiled
C. hesitated
D. refused
54. A. tasting
B. finding
C. sharing
D. delivering
55. A. withdraw
B. donate
C. receive
D. appreciate
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在一次春假时，作者去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工
作不仅能让孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy 的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包
店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. sold 销售；B. ordered 命令；C. made 制作；D. reserved 预定。
根据下文“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears.
Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知，这家面包店是制作兔子蛋糕的。故选C。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy 的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包
店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. stores 商店；B. families 家庭；C. schools 学校；D. citizens 市民。
根据下文“throughout Cleveland”以及常识可知，此处表示这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。
故选A。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最
喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generous 慷慨的；B. financial 金融的；C. technical 技术的；D. temporary
暂时的。根据下文“during our spring break”可知，这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最喜
欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans 计划；B. problems 问题；C. excuses 借口；D. hobbies 爱好。根据下文
“beyond listening to my favorite records”可知，此处表示作者没有其他计划。故选A。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会挣最低工资。A. offer 提供；B. earn 挣得；C. set 放置；D. suggest 建议。
根据下文“minimum wage”可知，作者会挣最低工资。故选B。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会看到工厂是如何运作的。A. worked 运作；B. closed 关闭；C. developed
发展；D. survived 幸存。根据上文“I’d see how a factory”可知，此处表示作者可以看到工厂是如何运作
的。故选A。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy 的父亲，得到
了他们的允许。A. ambition 抱负；B. permission 允许；C. experience 经历；D. invitation 邀请。根据上文
“My parents thought all of this was a grand idea”可知，作者的父母认为这个主意很好，所以他们打电话
给Betsy 的父亲，得到了他们的允许。故选B。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。A. joys 欢乐；B.
ideas 观点；C. roles 任务；D. choices 选择。根据下文“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ears.
Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知，此处表示作者在工厂的任务。故选C。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。A. Save 节省；B. Keep 保持；C. Stop 停止；
D. Remove 移动。根据下文“bunny from the belt.”可知，此处表示把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。故选
D。
50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder 更难的；B. better 更好的；C. longer 更长
的；D. cheaper 更便宜的。根据下文“
51
a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，这项工作比听起来更难。
故选A。
51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm down 平静下来；B. Slow down 慢一点；
C. Stay on 继续停留；D. Move on 往前走。根据下文“and the cakes pile up”以及常识可知，速度慢一点，
传送带上的蛋糕就会堆积起来。故选B。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一晚的晚餐时告诉父母的那样，压力比我预想的要大一点。A.
indicated 表明；B. witnessed 目击；C. expected 预料；D. remembered 记得。根据上文“This was 50
than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，工作的实际情况比作者预料的压力更大。故选
C。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried 哭；B. smiled 微笑；C. hesitated 犹豫；D. refused 拒绝。
根据下文“This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who
did the work, he told me.”可知，作者的父亲看到作者在挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，父亲笑了。故选
B。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送食物。A.
tasting 品尝；B. finding 找到；C. sharing 分享；D. delivering 递送。根据上文“The son of a grocer”可知，
作为一个杂货商的儿子，作者的父亲夏天会去送食物。故选D。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
A. withdraw 撤退；B. donate 捐赠；C. receive 收到；D. appreciate 感激。根据下文“the dollars you
earned”以及常识可知，此处表示感激自己劳动所得的报酬。故选D。
【2021 新课标II 卷】
Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times, and has even learned to 41
different dialects（方言），leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor".
The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a 42 However, he is more devoted to his “ 43 "than any
real actor.
In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the 44
，Wang disguised（伪装）himself and 45 the beggars. Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the 46
of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the 47 of the beggars.
“I often 48 them to drink alcohol. Once they were 49 ,they began to talk a lot," Wang said.
“I'd then 50 myself to use the toilet, 51 what the beggars said, and send the 52 to my
teammates.”
Wang，who is often in 53 situations, is also a judo （柔道） master. “As long as I get close
enough, no criminal can 54 from me," he said.
Wang's 55 won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of
Merit. Paris.
41. A. teach
B. compare
C. assess
D. speak
42. A. lawyer
B. doctor
C. policeman
D. businessman
43. A. role
B. study
C. family
D. audience
44. A. minor
B. case
C. future
D. question
45. A. interviewed
B. joined
C. arrested
D. assisted
46. A. challenge
B. experience
C. appearance
D. freedom
47. A. vote
B. sympathy
C. permission
D. trust
48. A. invited
B. forced
C. helped
D. expected
49. A. drunk
B. deserted
C. bored
D. lost
50. A. guide
B. persuade
C. excuse
D. allow
51. A. refer to
B. note down
C. ask about
D. miss out
52. A. plan
B. agreement
C. direction
D. information
53. A. awkward
B. dangerous
C. unfortunate
D. strange
54. A. separate
B. recover
C. escape
D. hear
55. A. courage
B. honesty
C. kindness
D. optimism
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. A 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. A
【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了警察王先生在过去的58 年里，多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方言，
不顾危险混入犯罪团伙，成功破案的故事。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的58 年里，王先生多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方言，这让
他被称为“奥斯卡获奖演员”。A. teach 教授；B. compare 比较；C. assess 评估； D. speak 讲话 。根据
“Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times”可知，能扮成别人，还会讲不同的方言。故填
D。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位60 岁的老人不是演员，而是警察 。A. lawyer 律师；B. doctor 医生；
C. policeman 警察；D. businessman 商人。根据“To look into the ____44____，Wang disguised（伪装）
himself”以及“including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit.Paris.”可知，王先生
是一名警察。故填C。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他比任何真正的演员都更专注于他的“角色”。A. role 角色；B.
study 学习； C. family 家庭；D. audience 观众 。根据“than any real actor.”可知，王投身于演员的角色
中。故填A。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A. minor 未成年人，辅修；
B. case 情况,案件；C. future 未来；D. question 问题。根据“In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold
stolen goods with the help of some beggars. ”可知，这是一起犯罪案件。故填B。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A. interviewed 采访； B.
joined 加入；C. arrested 逮捕；D. assisted 协助。根据“To look into the”可知，他混入乞丐中。故填B。
46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很
快赢得了乞丐们的信任。A. challenge 挑战；B. experience 经历；C. appearance 出现，外表； D.
freedom 自由。根据“ Dirty shorts and old shoes”可知，这是描述外表。故填C。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很
快赢得了乞丐们的信任。A. vote 投票；B. sympathy 同情；C. permission 批准；D. trust 信任。根据“
his convincing dialect soon won him the”可知，他的方言讲得好，赢得乞丐们信任。故填D。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多话。A. invited
邀请；B. forced 强迫；C. helped 帮助；D. expected 期待。根据“them to drink alcohol”可知，为了套话，
王先生请他们喝酒。故填A。
49.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多话。A.
drunk 喝醉的； B. deserted 抛弃的； C. bored 无聊的；D. lost 失去的 。根据“them to drink alcohol”可
知，话多是在喝醉后。故填A。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。
A. guide 引导；B. persuade 劝说； C. excuse 找借口；D. allow 允许 。根据“and send the to my
teammates.”可知，为了发送出信息，王借口去厕所。故填C。
51.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队
友。A. refer to 指的是；B. note down 作记录; C. ask about 询问；D. miss out 错过，遗漏。根据“what
the beggars said, ”可知，王把乞丐醉后真言记下来。故填B。
52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。
A. plan 计划；B. agreement 同意；C. direction 指导；D. information 信息。根据“what the beggars
said, ”可知，这是重要信息。故填D。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：王是经常在危险的情况下,也是一个柔道大师。A. awkward 尴尬的；B.
dangerous 危险的； C. unfortunate 不幸的；D. strange 奇怪的 。根据“ no criminal can _______ from
me,"”可知，经常处于犯罪分子中，这是很危险的情况。故填B。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只要我离得够近，任何罪犯都逃不掉，”他说。A. separate 分离；B.
recover 恢复； C. escape 逃避；D. hear 听到。根据“ is also a judo （柔道） master. ”可知，身为柔道
大师，他不放过罪犯。故填C。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：王的勇气为他赢得了许多荣誉，包括一枚全国五一劳动奖章和11 项嘉奖。
A. courage 勇气；B. honesty 诚实；C. kindness 善良；D. optimism 乐观。根据“Wang disguised（伪
装）himself”可知，王乔装打扮混入罪犯团伙，勇气可嘉。故填A。
考点2 记叙文之人与社会
【2025 浙江1 月卷】
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 41 . A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it
was time to put her 42 to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes 43
into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
Ribeiro 44 €35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For
Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for 45 her hobby of buying food, 46 new recipes and
holding dinner parties.
“It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 47 new people,” said Ribeiro. Sometimes
she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 48 her native home; other times she 49 dinner courses
with her favorite beers.
The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as 50 to a
restaurant where the service is 51 , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 52
.
“But it’s also a great 53 , for it can sometimes take days to 54 a single event,” Ribeiro said.
“This platform is not only 55 for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new
experiences.”
41. A. reading
B. traveling
C. cooking
D. teaching
42. A. hobby
B. energy C. education
D. money
43. A. coworkers
B. students
C. relatives
D. strangers
44. A. pays
B. charges C. owes
D. raises
45. A. pursuing
B. choosing C. discussing
D. changing
46. A. passing on
B. trying out
C. going over
D. taking down
47. A. hire
B. help C. meet
D. train
48. A. in addition to
B. in return for
C. in honor of
D. in line with
49. A. replaces
B. tastes
C. orders
D. pairs
50. A. opposed
B. related
C. subject
D. vital
51. A. invaluable
B. impersonal C. unsuitable
D. unprofessional
52. A. surprise
B. end C. need
D. problem
53. A. lesson
B. pleasure
C. success
D. challenge
54. A. celebrate
B. record C. attend
D. organise
55. A. selected
B. reserved
C. evaluated
D. requested
【导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位巴西裔老师利用社交平台，将其烹饪爱好变成一种新型社交
模式的故事。
【解析】
41. C。根据下文的a three-course meal、her hobby of buying food、new recipes、share my passion for
food 等信息可知，首句中提到的healthy addiction 指的是烹饪（cooking）。
42. A。根据第二段的关键词hobby of buying food、recipes and holding dinner parties 可知，这位30 岁的
女教师决定好好利用她的业余爱好（hobby）。
43. D。根据第三段的It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to ... new people 可推知，每
周到Ribeiro 家里参加宴会的人都是不认识的人，故strangers 符合语境。
44. B。Bookalokal 是一个可以预订由当地居民主办的私人餐宴的网络平台，且根据第一段的twicea week
for dinner parties、本段中的buying food 和第三段中的new people 可知，Ribeiro 每周要为这些新人购买
食材、做饭、举办宴会，这些都是需要耗费时间、精力、金钱的，所以Ribeiro 会向这些来用餐的人收费
（charges）。
45. A。下文提到的buying food、holding dinner parties 都是Ribeiro 追求（pursuing）自己烹饪爱好的体
现。
46. B。根据下文的Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes ... other times she ... dinner courses
with her favorite beers. 以及... realise her dream with a great deal of freedom、discover new experiences 等
信息可推断，Ribeiro 烹饪时有很大的自由发挥空间，她会试做（trying out）新的食谱。
47. C。根据第一段的She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes ... into her Brussels flat
twice a week for dinner parties. 可知，Ribeiro 通过在网站注册，可以在家举办宴会活动，结识（meet）新
人。
48. C。根据空白处前后的she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 和her native home 的语境可推知，
Ribeiro 做传统巴西菜肴是为了纪念（in honor of）自己的家乡。
49. D。根据she ... dinner courseswith ...beers 结构可知，她是给晚餐配（pairs）上佳酿，而非用酒替代晚
餐的菜肴。
50. A。根据空白处前的The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom
可知，Ribeiro 烹饪时有很大的自由发挥空间，再联系下文介绍的餐馆的情况可推知，此处是说Ribeiro 在
家准备宴席不同于（opposed）餐馆。
51. B。空白处是在描述餐馆服务的特点，上文说Ribeiro 在家准备宴席时可以自由发挥，相比之下，餐馆
服务则显得缺乏人情味儿（impersonal）。
52. A。根据上文的the menu is known in advance 可推知，餐馆的菜品没有新意，surprise 符合语境。
53. D。第三段和第四段都在说Ribeiro 在家举办宴会活动的好的一面，根据空白处前的But 可知，本句语
意有转折，再根据后面介绍的原因for it can sometimes take days to ... a single event 可知，有时要花数天时
间，可见此事也是一项挑战（challenge）。
54. D。根据上文的it can sometimes take days 和下文的a single event 可推知，这里是说Ribeiro 在家筹备
（organise）宴会活动有时候要花数天时间。
55. B。根据本句中的not only... for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.
可知，这个平台也适用于那些乐意发现新体验的人，并非只为了专业厨师保留，reserved 符合语境。
【2024 新课标II 卷】
When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but
when it came to picking my favorite spot to 41 , Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit to Italy, I 42 to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to
43 a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and 44 my language skills. That
encouragement helped me to get through the language 45 . After I made Italy my permanent home, I
discovered how 46 Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to
47 me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small 48 of kindness that make a
new country feel like home.
As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my 49 quite like Italy.
Each town has its own traditional 50 , and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to
another. Families 51 for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can 52 .
These meals are always 53 by laughter and joy. Whatever 54 life in Italy might have, the problems
are 55 once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
41. A. study
B. rent
C. visit
D. settle
42. A. planned
B. struggled
C. refused
D. happened
43. A. string
B. hang
C. mix
D. match
44. A. improved
B. assessed
C. admired
D. praised
45. A. course
B. barrier
C. area
D. test
46. A. open-minded
B. strong-willed
C. warm-hearted
D. well-informed
47. A. remind
B. allow
C. persuade
D. order
48. A. tricks
B. promises
C. acts
D. duties
49. A. ambition
B. success
C. appetite
D. growth
50. A. costume
B. dish
C. symbol
D. tale
51. A. gather
B. cheer
C. leave
D. wait
52. A. put up with
B. stand up for
C. come up with
D. make up for
53. A. signaled
B. confirmed
C. represented
D. accompanied
54. A. disadvantages
B. meanings
C. surprises
D. opportunities
55. A. created
B. forgotten
C. understood
D. identified
【答案】41. D 44. B 45. A 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。
41.考查名词词义辨析，句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢
家。A. study 学习；B. rent 租金；C. visit 游览；D. settle 定居。根据下文“ After I made Italy my
permanent home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选
D。
42.考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned 计划；B.
struggled 斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused 拒绝；D. happened 出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit
to Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。
43.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。
A. string 串起、连成一串；B. hang 悬挂；C. mix 混合；D. match 配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian
together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。
44.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。
A. improved 改进；B. assessed 评估；C. admired 钦佩；D. praised 赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at
me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。
故选D。
45.考查名词词义辨析，句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course 课程；B. barrier 障碍；C. area
区域；D. test 测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement
helped me”可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。
46.考查形容词词义辨析，句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A.
open-minded 思想开明的；B. strong-willed 思想坚定的；C. warm-hearted 热心的；D. well-informed 见多
识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my
door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。
47.考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车
窗。A. remind 提醒；B. allow 允许；C. persuade 说服；D. order 命令。根据上文“I discovered how
warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作
者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。
48.考查名词词义辨析，句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks 技巧；B. promises
承诺；C. acts 行为；D. duties 职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come
to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。
故选C。
49.考查名词词义辨析，句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利
那样刺激我的食欲。A. ambition 雄心；B. success 成功；C. appetite 食欲；D. growth 发育。根据上文“As
a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知，此处指做这是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激
食欲。故选C。
50.考查名词词义辨析，句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A.
costume 服装；B. dish 菜肴；C. symbol 符号；D. tale 故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every
family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故
选B。
51.考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A.
gather 集合；B. cheer 欢呼；C. leave 留下；D. wait 等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends
and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。
52.考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A.
put up with 克服；B. stand up for 支持；C. come up with 想出；D. make up for 弥补。根据上文
“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。
53.考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled 示意；B. confirmed 确认；C.
represented 代表；D. accompanied 伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用
餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。
54.考查名词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些
问题就会被遗忘。A. disadvantages 缺点；B. meanings 含义；C. surprises 惊喜；D. opportunities 机会。根
据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选
A。
55.考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些
问题就会被遗忘。A. created 创建；B. forgotten 忘记；C. understood 理解；D. identified 确认。根据上文
“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal
with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会
忘记不愉快。故选B。
【2024 浙江1 月卷】
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the
kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 41 with a local that all travelers long for. A
young Chinese man 42 me on the train. My 43 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the
44 to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 45 a two-year professional school to quickly find
a job 46 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most 47 , however, was the fact that
this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 48 a
translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 49 as a whole. ”And what
do you all learn about Russian authors?” I 50 him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to 51 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than
a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 52 , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In
the course of a couple of hours, he 53 me just how much one can gain from 54 with an open mind, and
a willingness to 55 with locals from all walks of life.
41. A. experiment
B. encounter
C. competition
D. appointment
42. A. treated
B. saved
C. lectured
D. approached
43. A. true
B. so-called
C. new
D. long-lost
44. A. chance
B. advice
C. trouble
D. right
45. A. visited
B. financed
C. attended
D. founded
46. A. building
B. sweeping
C. checking
D. guarding
47. A. typical
B. obvious
C. natural
D. remarkable
48. A. publish
B. quote
C. copy
D. download
49. A. writers
B. historians
C. workers
D. students
50. A. anticipate
B. imagine
C. recall
D. catch
51. A. look into
B. rely on
C. go over
D. deal with
52. A. well-behaved
B. multi-skilled
C. warm-hearted
D. self-educated
53. A. asked
B. warned
C. showed
D. promised
54. A. traveling
B. reading
C. searching
D. teaching
55. A. cooperate
B. side
C. negotiate
D. engage
【答案】41. B42. D43. C44. A45. C46. A47. D48. B49. A50. C51. B52. D53. C54. A55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，
年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20 个小时的火车时，其间我与
一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A.
experiment 实验；B. encounter 邂逅；C. competition 比赛；D. appointment 任命。根据后文“with a local
that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated 对待；B. saved 拯救；C.
lectured 演讲；D. approached 靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国
男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
43，考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中
文。A. true 真的；B. so-called 所谓的；C. new 新的；D. long-lost 很久不见的。根据上文“A young
Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。
A. chance 机会；B. advice 建议；C. trouble 麻烦；D. right 权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，
作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便
迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited 拜访；B. financed 提供资金；C.
attended 参加，上(学)；D. founded 成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人
去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便
迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building 修建；B. sweeping 打扫；C.
checking 检查；D. guarding 守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人
修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时
学习。A. typical 典型的；B. obvious 显然的；C. natural 自然的；D. remarkable 引人注目的。根据后文
“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动
之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的
整体影响。A. publish 出版；B. quote 引用；C. copy 复制；D. download 下载。根据后文“a translated
Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学
的整体影响。A. writers 作者；B. historians 历史学家；C. workers 工人；D. students 学生。根据上文“a
translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do
you all learn about Russian authors?(你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作
家感兴趣。故选A。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate 预期；
B. imagine 想象；C. recall 记起；D. catch 抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年
轻人提过的问题。故选C。
51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A.
look into 调查；B. rely on 依靠；C. go over 复习；D. deal with 处理。根据后文“my assumptions about
this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没
有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。
52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-
behaved 行为端正的；B. multi-skilled 多技能的；C. warm-hearted 热心的；D. self-educated 自学的。呼应
上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之
后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各
行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked 询问；B. warned 警告；C. showed 展示；D.
promised 承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可
以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各
行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling 旅行；B. reading 阅读；C. searching 搜索；D.
teaching 教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指
带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各
行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate 合作；B. side 边；C. negotiate 协商；D. engage
参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with
表示“与……接触”。故选D。
【2024 九省联考卷】
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was 41 ,
too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no 42 n duty. I was
working my way through university then and had little money for 43 the car.
I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to 44 the heat when an older gentleman 45 to
fuel his car. He asked about my car, and I 46 my predicament (困境). To my 47 , the gentleman told
me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and 48 a tool set.
Right then and there, this total 49 examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs
(火花塞) hadn't been changed for so long that they were 50 to function. After about an hour, he 51
that my car was safe to finish the trip.
52 came at the hands of a stranger. 53 his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this
man 54 a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his 55 .
41. A. busy
B. loud
C. dead
D. secure
42. A. mechanic
B. policeman
C. manager
D. guide
43. A. washing
B. parking
C. purchasing
D. maintaining
44. A. feel
B. beat
C. absorb
D. produce
45. A. promised
B. refused
C. stopped
D. volunteered
46. A. solved
B. noticed
C. escaped
D. explained
47. A. surprise
B. regret
C. amusement
D. disappointment
48. A. called up
B. pulled out
C. put down
D. threw away
49. A. liar
B. beginner
C. stranger
D. loser
50. A. free
B. ready
C. uncertain
D. unable
51. A. pronounced
B. agreed
C. discovered
D. doubted
52. A. Tiredness
B. Kindness
C. Loneliness
D. Carefulness
53. A. Folding
B. Drying
C. Soiling
D. Mending
54. A. saved
B. called
C. judged
D. banned
55. A. friend
B. daughter
C. coworker
D. customer
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的车在半路坏了，正巧赶上周日，在加油站并没有找到修
车的人。这时恰巧有一位年长的绅士来加油。了解到作者遇到的困难后，他主动帮助作者修了车。作者对
此非常的感谢。
41.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的手机也没电了。A. busy 忙的；B. loud 大声的；C. dead（因无电力）
不工作的；D. secure 可靠的。根据上文“I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my
car broke down.”以及句中的too 可知，作者的车坏了，手机也因为没电而关机了。故选C。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我设法去了一个加油站，但那是初秋的周日，没有机修工值班。A.
mechanic 机修工；B. policeman 警察；C. manager 经理；D. guide 指导。根据上文“but it was Sunday in
the early fall”可知，作者的车坏了，所以她应该去找修车的。但是因为是周日，所以加油站的机修工都没
上班。故选A。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我正努力读完大学，几乎没有钱保养这辆车。A. washing 清洗；B.
parking 停车；C. purchasing 购买；D. maintaining 保养。根据空前“I was working my way through
university then and had little money”可知，作者当时正在在读大学，没有什么钱，所以几乎是不保养车的。
故选D。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。
A. feel 感觉；B. beat 击败；C. absorb 吸收；D. produce 生产。根据下文“working on a hot September
afternoon”可知，事情发生在一个炎热的夏天，作者坐在车边试图保持凉爽。beat the heat“消暑，在炎热
的天气中保持凉爽”。故选B。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。
A. promised 答应了；B. refused 拒绝；C. stopped 停止；D. volunteered 自愿的。根据上文“I managed to
get to a gas station”可知，作者是在加油站，所以有一辆车停下来加油。故选C。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他问起我的车，我解释了我的困境。A. solved 解决；B. noticed 注意到；C.
escaped 逃脱。D. explained 解释。根据上文“He asked about my car”可知，这位绅士询问作者的车出了什
么问题，然后作者向他解释了他的困境。故选D。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行
李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. surprise 惊喜；B. regret 遗憾；C. amusement 可笑；D. disappointment 失望。
根据下文“ the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and
___48___ a tool set”可知，这位年长的绅士听到作者的困难后，告诉作者他也有一个女儿，而且从车里拿
出一套工具。这让作为陌生人的作者感到非常的惊讶。故选A。
48.考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行
李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. called up 打电话给；B. pulled out 取出；C. put down 放下；D. threw away 扔
掉了。根据空后“a tool set”以及下文“Right then and there, this total ___49___ examined my engine,
explaining as he worked that my spark plugs ( 火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were
__50___ to function.”可知，这位绅士从他的车里拿出一套工具，帮作者修起了车。故选B。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，我
的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. liar 骗子；B. beginner 初学者；C. stranger 陌生人；
D. loser 失败者。根据上文“I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to ___44___ the heat when an
older gentleman ___45___ to fuel his car”以及全文语境可知，这个绅士对于作者来说完全是个陌生人。故
选C。
50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，
我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. free 免费的；B. ready 准备好的；C. uncertain 不确
定；D. unable 不能的。根据上文“as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so
long ”可知，由于车辆的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，所以导致它不能正常工作。故选D。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一个小时后，他宣布我的车可以安全地完成旅程。A. pronounced 宣布；
B. agreed 同意；C. discovered 发现；D. doubted 怀疑。根据空后“that my car was safe to finish the trip”
可知，经过一个小时的修理后，那个绅士宣布说车可以安全地完成旅程。故选A。
52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：善良来自一个陌生人。A. Tiredness 疲劳；B. Kindness 善良；C. Loneliness
孤独；D. Carefulness 细心。根据全文语境可知，一位陌生人帮助了他，所以此处指善意来自一个陌生人。
故选B。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个
大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. Folding 折叠；B. Drying 干燥；C. Soiling 弄脏。D. Mending
修补。根据上文“After about an hour, he ___51___ that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，那位绅士
给作者修了一个小时的车。此处指修车时弄脏了自己的衣服。故选C。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个
大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. saved 救了；B. called 打电话；C. judged 判断；D. banned 禁
止。根据上文“Right then and there, this total ___49___ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that
my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were___50___ to function.”可知，这个陌
生人给作者修了车，所以作者觉得他就像是从灾难中是救了她。故选A。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个
大学生，只因为她可能是他的女儿同龄。A. friend 朋友。B. daughter 女儿；C. coworker 同事；D.
customer 顾客。根据上文“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age”可知，作者觉那位绅士帮
助作者是因为他有一个和她同龄的女儿。此处指作者就像那位男士的女儿。故选B。
【2023 新课标I 卷】
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have
41 the course earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the
finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a
runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 45 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took
her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue
climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get
48 attention.
Once there, Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious
injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint
without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 . “She was just
crying. I couldn’t 53 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends. Neither
won the race, but the 55 of human kindness won the day.
41. A. designed
B. followed
C. changed
D. finished
42. A. delay
B. chance
C. trouble
D. excuse
43. A. judge
B. volunteer
C. classmate
D. competitor
44. A. race
B. school
C. town
D. training
45. A. agreed
B. returned
C. stopped
D. promised
46. A. courage
B. aid
C. patience
D. advice
47. A. went away
B. stood up
C. stepped aside
D. bent down
48. A. medical
B. public
C. constant
D. equal
49. A. interrupted
B. assessed
C. identified
D. appreciated
50. A. hunger
B. pain
C. cold
D. tiredness
51. A. worried
B. ashamed
C. confused
D. discouraged
52. A. game
B. problem
C. lesson
D. deal
53. A. leave
B. cure
C. bother
D. understand
54. A. ride
B. test
C. meet
D. show
55. A. secret
B. display
C. benefit
D. exchange
【答案】41. D42. A43. D44. A45. C46. B47. D48. A49. B50. B51. C52. D53. A54. C55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey 背着另一个
参赛者Danielle Lenoue 过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey 应该更早完成比赛。A. designed 设计；B. followed 跟随；C.
changed 改变；D. finished 完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500
feet to where Lenoue could get ____48____ attention”可知，Bailey 在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛
晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey 应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay 延误；B. chance
机会；C. trouble 麻烦；D. excuse 借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____41____ the course
earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey 应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名
竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge 裁判；B. volunteer
志愿者；C. classmate 同学；D. competitor 参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a
cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey 跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一
名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race 比赛；B. school 学校；C. town 城镇；D. training 训练。根据第一段的
“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey 跑到比赛的三分之二
多的时候”。故选A。
45，考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed 同意；B. returned 回
来；C. stopped 停止；D. promised 答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同
伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。
46，考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey 扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage 勇气；B. aid
帮助；C. patience 耐心；D. advice 建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她
的帮助下向前走。故选B。
47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey 弯下腰，让Lenoue 爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然
后又走了500 英尺，到Lenoue 接受治疗的地方。A. went away 离开； B. stood up 站起来；C. stepped
aside 让路；D. bent down 弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey 弯下腰，让勒诺
爬到她的背上。故选D。
48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey 弯下腰，让Lenoue 爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，
然后又走了500 英尺，到Lenoue 接受治疗的地方。A. medical 医疗的；B. public 公众的；C. constant 持续
不断的；D. equal 平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue 很疼，所以是要接受治
疗，medical attention 意为“医疗救助”。故选A。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue 在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝
盖受了重伤。A. interrupted 打断；B. assessed 评估；C. identified 识别；D. appreciated 感激。根据下文
“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey 的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查
站。A. hunger 饥饿；B. pain 疼痛；C. cold 感冒；D. tiredness 疲劳。根据第5 空前的“began crying in
pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey 的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。
故选B。
51.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A.
worried 担心的；B. ashamed 惭愧的；C. confused 困惑的；D. discouraged 泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I
was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey 觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一
件大事感到困惑。故选C。
52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game 游
戏；B. problem 问题；C. lesson 课；D. deal 交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right
thing”可知，Bailey 觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big
deal 意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave 离开；B. cure 治愈；C. bother 打扰；D. understand
理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue 爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了
500 英尺。可知，Bailey 看见Lenoue 哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。
A. ride 短途旅程；B. test 测试；C. meet 体育比赛；D. show 展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners
competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一
场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret 秘密；B.
display 展示；C. benefit 利益；D. exchange 交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and
carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get ____48____
attention”可知，Bailey 背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。
【2023 新课标II 卷】
In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move
to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41 . They could not afford to pay for 42 for their dog, Tiffy,
and 43 wanted to take her with them.
It just 44 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 45 to take
Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 46 Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 47 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I
could tell this was 48 for him, having to leave his dog to a 49 and trust that everything would
50 .
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 51 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to
take care of Tiffy and 52 them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was 53 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54 with Karen and made
it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 55 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt
great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
41. A. turn
B. budget
C. schedule
D. connection
42. A. food
B. shelter
C. medicine
D. transportation
43. A. desperately
B. temporarily
C. secretly
D. originally
44. A. appeared
B. proved
C. happened
D. showed
45. A. waited
B. offered
C. hurried
D. failed
46. A. see off
B. look for
C. hand over
D. pick up
47. A. confused
B. nervous
C. annoyed
D. curious
48. A. hard
B. fine
C. common
D. lucky
49. A. coworker
B. passenger
C. stranger
D. neighbor
50. A. speed up
B. work out
C. come back
D. take off
51. A. feed
B. follow
C. change
D. load
54. A. call
B. join
C. leave
D. serve
55. A. unnecessary
B. unexpected
C. unavoidable
D. uneventful
54. A. returned
B. fought
C. flew
D. agreed
55. A. thankful
B. generous
C. proud
D. sympathetic
【答案】41. B42. D43. A44. C45. B46. D47. B48. A49. C50. B51. D54. A55. D54. C55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws 网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另
一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn 转折点；B.
budget 预算；C. schedule 时间表；D. connection 联系。根据“They could not afford to pay for ___44___
for their dog, Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy 的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A. food 食物；
B. shelter 庇护；C. medicine 药；D. transportation 交通。根据“They had to move to Virginia but they
were on a very tight ___41___ .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy 的交通
费。故选D。
43.考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy 的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A. desperately
非常、拼命地；B. temporarily 暂时地；C. secretly 秘密地；D. originally 起初。根据“wanted to take her
with them.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen 正在计划另一次PNP 飞行，他主动提出要把
Tiffy 从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared 出现；B. proved 证明；C. happened 碰巧；D. showed 展示。
根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧
是作者和另一名飞行员正
在计划另一次PNP 飞行。故选C。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen 正在计划另一次PNP 飞行，他主动提出要把
Tiffy 从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited 等待；B. offered 提供、主动提出；C. hurried 匆忙；D. failed
失败。根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen 主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy 从堪萨斯城
带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。
46.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see off 为……送行；B. look for 寻找；
C. hand over 移交；D. pick up 接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞
到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。
47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy 的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A. confused 困惑的；B.
nervous 紧张的；C. annoyed 恼怒的；D. curious 好奇的。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be
calm, but I could tell this was ___48___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___49___ and trust that
everything would ___10___ .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。
48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George 试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不
把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. hard 困难的；B. fine 好的；C. common 常见的；D.
lucky 幸运的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“having to leave his dog to a ___49___ and trust
that everything would ___10___ .”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George 试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把
狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. coworker 合作者；B. passenger 乘客；C. stranger 陌生人；
D. neighbor 邻居。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___48___ for
him,”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。
50.考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George 试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把
狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. speed up 加速；B. work out 解决；C. come back 回来；D.
take off 起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___48___ for
him,”可知，让狗的主人George 相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George 和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy 送上飞机。A. feed 喂养；B.
follow 跟随；C. change 改变；D. load 装载。load into 装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者让
George 和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy 装入飞机。故选D。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call 打电话；B.
join 加入；C. leave 离开；D. serve 服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪
萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy 是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary 没有必要的；
B. unexpected 意想不到的；C. unavoidable 不可避免的；D. uneventful 太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a
great passenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen 一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George 那
里。 A. returned 返回；B. fought 打仗；C. flew 飞；D. agreed 同意。根据“It just ___4___ that I was
planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___5___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to
Virginia.”可知，Karen 带狗Tiffy 飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。
55.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A.
thankful 感激的；B. generous 慷慨的；C. proud 骄傲的；D. sympathetic 同情的。通读全文，再根据“and
sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George 非常感激。故选A。
【2023▪安徽省、云南省、吉林省、黑龙江省四省联考卷】
Dr. Smith of New York works at a center for children who can’t learn well. One day a father brought his son to
him for 41 at his office.
The father told Dr. Smith about his son. “My son has 42 in learning and can’t even play baseball. He
isn’t doing well because he doesn’t try. I have done everything for him. I have even shouted at him. But nothing
43 . ”
After Dr. Smith tested the boy, he 44 his father. He asked the father to sit in front of a 45 and
then gave him a pencil and a piece of paper. There was a 46 on the paper. He asked the father to look only
in the mirror and 47 the lines of the star with the pencil. The father made the same 48 anyone
makes. Every time he 49 the pencil, it went the wrong way. The father’s face became red.
At this 50 the doctor shouted at him, “Hurry up! Why are you 51 so long? You can’t do such
an 52 thing! You don’t know left from right!” These 53 made the father very angry.
“Now you can 54 , can’t you?” The doctor said to him. “Your son has felt just like that all the time.
You scolded (训斥) him too often, so he didn't try any more. He was afraid of making mistakes. ”
55 the father understood everything. He put his face down. Now he felt so sorry.
41. A. testing
B. acting
C. teaching
D. playing
42. A. confidence
B. interest
C. experience
D. difficulty
43. A. returns
B. helps
C. appears
D. remains
44. A. waited for
B. searched for
C. believed in
D. called in
45. A. mirror
B. television
C. painting
D. desk
46. A. face
B. line
C. number
D. star
47. A. remove
B. follow
C. cross
D. cut
48. A. decisions
B. choices
C. mistakes
D. patterns
49. A. touched
B. dropped
C. moved
D. sharpened
50. A. speed
B. corner
C. end
D. point
51. A. staying
B. taking
C. preparing
D. writing
52. A. easy
B. important
C. obvious
D. exciting
53. A. ideas
B. words
C. questions
D. instructions
54. A. relax
B. leave
C. understand
D. promise
55. A. Interestingly
B. Absolutely
C. Suddenly
D. Unfortunately
【答案】41. A42. D43. B44. D45. A46. D47. B48. C49. C50. D51. B52. A53. B54. C55. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位父亲带学习有困难的孩子去做测试。结果，父亲才是那个造成孩
子学习困难的人。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，一位父亲带着儿子到他的办公室做测试。A. testing 测试；B. acting
行动；C. teaching 教；D. playing 玩耍。根据下文“After Dr. Smith tested the boy, he 44 his father.”
可知，男孩做了测试。故选A。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我儿子学习有困难，甚至不会打棒球。A. confidence 自信心；B. interest 兴
趣；C. experience 经验；D. difficulty 困难。根据下文“He isn’t doing well because he doesn’t try. I have
done everything for him.”可知，父亲为儿子做了一切，但是还是学习学不好，所以就认为儿子有学习困难。
故选D。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是什么都没用。A. returns 归还；B. helps 帮助；C. appears 出现；D.
remains 仍然。根据前文“One day a father brought his son to him for testing at his office.”可知，父亲带儿
子来做测试，说明自己做的一切都是不起帮助作用的。故选B。
44.考查动词短语辨析。句意：史密斯医生检查完男孩后，把他父亲叫来。A. waited for 等待；B. searched
for 寻找；C. believed in 信任；D. called in 叫来。根据本句“After Dr. Smith tested the boy”可知，史密斯
医生检查完男孩后会把父亲叫进来说明情况。故选D。
45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他让父亲坐在镜子前，然后给了他一支铅笔和一张纸。A. mirror 镜子；B.
television 电视；C. painting 绘画；D. desk 桌子。根据下文“He asked the father to look only in the mirror
and 47 the lines of the star with the pencil.”可知，父亲是坐在镜子前的。故选A。
46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：纸上有一颗星星。A. face 脸；B. line 行；C. number 数字；D. star 星星。根
据下文“He asked the father to look only in the mirror and 47 the lines of the star with the pencil.”可知，
父亲是坐在镜子前画星星的。故选D。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他让父亲只照镜子，用铅笔沿着星星的线条画。A. remove 移除；B. follow
跟随，按照；C. cross 跨过；D. cut 切割。根据本句“He asked the father to look only in the mirror”可知，
纸上有个星星，但是父亲只能按照要求照着镜子中的星星画。故选B。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个父亲犯了所有人都会犯的错误。A. decisions 决定；B. choices 选择；C.
mistakes 错误；D. patterns 模式。根据下文“Every time he 49 the pencil, it went the wrong way.”可
知，父亲也会犯错误，每次划线，都走错了方向。故选C。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意： 每次他移动铅笔，它都走错了方向。A. touched 触摸；B. dropped 掉落；
C. moved 移动；D. sharpened 使变锋利。根据本句“it went the wrong way”可知，铅笔走错了方向，应是
父亲移动铅笔。故选C。
50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这时，医生对他喊道：“快点！ 怎么花了这么长时间？这么简单的事你做
不出来！你根本不知道左右!”。A. speed 速度；B. corner 角落；C. end 末端；D. point 要点。根据前文
“Every time he
49
the pencil, it went the wrong way.”以及后文“the doctor shouted at him”可知，父
亲犯了错，这时医生对他喊。故选D。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时，医生对他喊道：“快点！你怎么花了这么长时间？这么简单的事你做
不出来！你根本不知道左右!”。A. staying 停留；B. taking 花费；C. preparing 准备；D. writing 写。根据
前文“Every time he
4 9
the pencil, it went the wrong way.”可知，父亲一直犯错，会花很长时间。故选
B。
54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这时，医生对他喊道：“快点！你怎么花了这么长时间？这么简单的事你
做不出来！你根本不知道左右!”。A. easy 容易的；B. important 重要的；C. obvious 明显的；D. exciting 令
人兴奋的。根据后文“You don’t know left from right!”可知，分不清左右是很简单的事。故选A。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些话让父亲非常生气。A. ideas 想法；B. words 言语；C. questions 问题；
D. instructions 指示。根据前文“ “Hurry up! Why are you
51
so long? You can’t do such an
54
thing! You don’t know left from right!””可知，这是医生对父亲说的话。故选B。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“现在你明白了，是吗?”医生对他说。A. relax 放松；B. leave 离开；C.
understand 理解；D. promise 承诺。根据下文“the father understood everything”可知，医生在问父亲是
否明白其中道理。故选C。
55.考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，父亲明白了一切。A. Interestingly 有意思的是；B. Absolutely 绝对地；
C. Suddenly 突然；D. Unfortunately 不幸的是。根据前文““Your son has felt just like that all the time.
You scolded (训斥) him too often, so he didn't try any more. He was afraid of making mistakes. ””可知，父
亲在听完医生的话后，一瞬间就明白了。故选C。
【2022 新课标I 卷】
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our 41 are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we
42 along Chalk Creek. I was 43 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a
rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 44 , and his
crying let the whole campground know it. So 45 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 46
— he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 47 , but storms move in
fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning trip. The 49 picked up and
thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 50 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No 51 . We
were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 52 , a fisherman pulled up, threw
us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were 53 .
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of 54 ,
wondering what camping fun and 55 we will experience next.
41. A. ideas
B. jokes
C. memories
D. discoveries
42. A. camped
B. drove
C. walked
D. cycled
43. A. annoyed
B. surprised
C. disappointed
D. worried
44. A. unhurt
B. unfortunate
C. uncomfortable
D. unafraid
45. A. due to
B. instead of
C. apart from
D. as for
46. A. worked
B. happened
C. mattered
D. changed
47. A. signed up
B. calmed down
C. checked out
D. headed off
48. A. arranged
B. interrupted
C. completed
D. recorded
49. A. wind
B. noise
C. temperature
D. speed
50. A. find
B. hide
C. start
D. fix
51. A. luck
B. answer
C. wonder
D. signal
52. A. patiently
B. tirelessly
C. doubtfully
D. helplessly
53. A. sorry
B. brave
C. safe
D. right
54. A. relief
B. duty
C. pride
D. excitement
55. A. failure
B. adventure
C. performance
D. conflict
【答案】41. C42. A43. D44. C45. B46. A47. D48. B49. A50. C51. A52. D53. C54. D55. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和
家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。
41. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A.
ideas 想法；B. jokes 笑话；C. memories 记忆；D. discoveries 发现。根据上文“ have had wonderful
camping experiences over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early years when our children
were little”可推知，此处指作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C。
42. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped 露营；B. drove 开车；C.
walked 散步；D. cycled 骑自行车。根据上文“ My husband, our children and I have had wonderful
camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知，此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营。故选A。
43. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15 个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annoyed 恼怒的；B.
surprised 惊讶的C. disappointed 失望的；D. worried 担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to
keep him near to our spot.”可推知，此处指作者担心自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以才在他的腰上系了一
根绳子。故选D。
44. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt 未受
伤的；B. unfortunate 不幸的；C. uncomfortable 不舒服的；D. unafraid 无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a
rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know
it”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以才会哭。故选C。
45. B。考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A. due to 由于；B.
instead of 代替、而不是；C. apart from 除了；D. as for 至于。根据上文“He was uncomfortable, and his
crying let the whole campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可推知，此处指孩子身
上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳子，而是密切关注着他。故选B。
46. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked 起作用；B. happened
发生；C. mattered 事关紧要；D. changed 改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可推知，此处指
作者的密切关注起作用了，孩子没有掉进小溪里。故选A。
47. D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们
平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up 注册、报名；B. calmed down 冷静下来；C. checked out 退房、结账离开；
D. headed off 启程、出发。根据上文“ The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the
mountains”可推知，此处指天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D。
48. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们
平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged 安排；B. interrupted 中断；C. completed 完成；D. recorded 记录。根据上
文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”可推
知，此处指风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B。
49. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind 风；B. noise 噪音；C. temperature 温度；
D. speed 速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。
50. C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find 找到；B. hide 隐藏；C. start 启动；
D. fix 修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead
motor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C。
51. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A. luck 好运；B. answer 回答；C. wonder 惊奇；D. signal 信
号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫再
次尝试启动，也没有获得好运，船依然无法启动。故选A。
52. D。考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把
我们拖了回来。A. patiently 耐心地；B. tirelessly 不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully 怀疑地；D. helplessly 无助地。
根据上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指在天气恶劣的情况
下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D。
53. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A. sorry 抱歉的；B. brave 勇敢的；C. safe 安全的；D.
right 正确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可推知，此处指得到
了渔夫的帮助，作者和家人安全了。故选C。
54. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，
想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief 救济；B. duty 职责；C. pride 自豪；D.
excitement 兴奋。结合语境，再根据下文“wondering what camping fun”可推知，此处指作者期待接下来
的露营，充满兴奋。故选D。
55. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，
想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure 失败；B. adventure 冒险；C. performance
表现；D. conflict 冲突。根据上文“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage,
we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and” 以及下文“we will experience
next”可推知，此处指作者与家人十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B。
【2022 新课标II 卷】
Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it
41 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to
Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 42 , but the couple has an unusual way to make their
travel 43 .
They’re part of a new form of the 44 economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-
cost stays in 45 homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s 46 .
It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 47 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets
that are sometimes difficult to 48 . But house sitting also offers a level of 49 they can’t find in a hotel.
“It’s like 50 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says.
The couple has a high 51 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the
homeowner’s 52 . For Jessica, that means 53 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 54
and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they
made the right 55 ,” she says.
41. A. indoors
B. online
C. single-handed
D. full-time
42. A. game
B. service
C. vacation
D. procedure
45. A. safe
B. busy
C. helpful
D. affordable
44. A. local
B. private
C. sharing
D. agricultural
45. A. strangers’
B. parents’
C. co-workers’
D. neighbors’
46. A. favor
B. defense
C. honor
D. absence
47. A. plan
B. explain
C. compare
D. complete
48. A. buy
B. transport
C. choose
D. please
49. A. support
B. comfort
C. control
D. attention
50. A. cooking
B. staying
C. waiting
D. studying
51. A. success
B. survival
C. growth
D. unemployment
52. A. budget
B. abilities
C. expectations
D. understanding
53. A. admiring
B. donating
C. sending
D. borrowing
54. A. clean
B. open
C. simple
D. empty
55. A. guess
B. decision
C. response
D. impression
【答案】41-45 DCDCA 46-50 DADBB 51-55 ACCAB
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica 和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免费住在陌
生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很
高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
41. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他们中的大多数人不同，这位45 岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。
A. indoors 室内；B. online 在线的；C. single-handed 单手的；D. full-time 全职的。根据后文“She and her
husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.( 在
过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡都在这里停留)”可知，这位45 岁的年轻人全职从
事这项工作。故选D。
42. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的
方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. game 游戏；B. service 服务；C. vacation 假期；D. procedure 手续。结合
上文可知Jessica 在环球旅行，所以是假期。故选C。
43. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常
的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. safe 安全的；B. busy 忙碌的；C. helpful 有帮助的；D. affordable 买的
起的。对应上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方
式让他们的旅行负担得起。故选D。
44. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A. local 当地的；B.
private 私人的；C. sharing 分享；D. agricultural 农业的。根据后文“economy: an online group of house
sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济，故选C。
45. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠
物、给植物浇水。A. strangers’陌生人的；B. parents’父母的；C. co-workers’同事的；D. neighbors’邻居的。
根据上文可知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选A。
46. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠
物、给植物浇水。A. favor 帮助；B. defense 防御；C. honor 荣誉；D. absence 缺席。根据上文“they feed
pets and water plants in the homeowner’s”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。故选D。
47. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安
排他们的日子。A. plan 计划；B. explain 解释；C. compare 比较；D. complete 完成。根据宾语“their
trips”指计划旅行，应用plan。故选A。
48. D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安
排他们的日子。A. buy 购买；B. transport 运输；C. choose 选择；D. please 取悦。根据上文“the pets that
are sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。
49. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. support 支持；
B. comfort 舒适，安慰；C. control 控制；D. attention 注意力。结合后文提到像住在朋友家，可见照看房
子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。
50. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica 说。A. cooking 烹饪；B. staying
停留；C. waiting 等待；D. studying 学习。根据后文“at a friend’s house”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay at。
故选B。
51. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
A. success 成功；B. survival 存活；C. growth 生长；D. unemployment 失业。根据后文“rate in getting
accepted as house sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用success。故选A。
52. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
A. budget 预算；B. abilities 能力；C. expectations 期待；D. understanding 理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接受
为看房人的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功率才高。故选C。
53. C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，
在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring 钦佩；B. donating 捐赠；C. sending 发送；D.
borrowing 借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选C。
54. A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清
洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean 干净的；B. open 开放的；C. simple 简单的；D.
empty 空的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。故选A。
55. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A. guess 猜测；B.
decision 决定；C. response 反应；D. impression 印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人，所以是房主做了正确
的决定，故选B。
考点3 记叙文之人与自然
【2025 八省联考卷】
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, which was a seaside area in Karachi. There, I would
always see the same elderly lady 41 the pigeons (鸽子). The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in 42 ,
would gather around her before she even had a 43 to take the bag of rice out from her handbag. It was the
same each day, part of her 44 .
I found that 45 her perform this ordinary task with such 46 was both calming and beautiful.
On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her 47 spot to feed the birds. But, as she 48 the
bench (长凳) to sit down, her necklace (项链) fell to the ground.
I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set. Noticing that, I 49 to get it back for her.
50 , before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the 51 picked up the necklace, 52 to the bench,
and dropped it on her lap.
I couldn’t 53 my eyes. The old lady, also 54 , began laughing quietly to herself. I was 55
with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset.
41. A. feeding
B. pursuing
C. training
D. collecting
42. A. age
B. size
C. weight
D. number
43. A. wish
B. chance
C. plan
D. reason
44. A. job
B. project
C. routine
D. dream
45. A. watching
B. helping
C. making
D. hearing
46. A. confidence
B. enthusiasm
C. flexibility
D. precision
47. A. original
B. parking
C. hiding
D. usual
48. A. repaired
B. approached
C. shared
D. supported
49. A. slipped in
B. ran away
C. got up
D. turned around
50. A. However
B. Afterwards
C. Gradually
D. Fortunately
51. A. sea
B. tree
C. pair
D. group
52. A. walked
B. stuck
C. pointed
D. flew
53. A. lift
B. cover
C. believe
D. close
54. A. satisfied
B. surprised
C. annoyed
D. frightened
55. A. caught
B. hit
C. left
D. met
【答案】41. A42. D43. B44. C45. A46. B47. D48. B49. C50. A51. D52. D53. C54. B55. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢去一个海滨地区的公园看日落，常看到一位老妇人喂鸽
子。一个特别的晚上，老妇人的项链掉落，一只鸽子竟捡起项链放回到她腿上，这让作者和老妇人都很吃
惊，也都非常欣喜。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，我总是看到同一个老妇人喂鸽子。A. feeding 喂养；B. pursuing 追
求；C. training 训练；D. collecting 收集。根据下文“On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her
__47___ spot to feed the birds.”可知，作者是看到同一个老妇人喂鸽子。故选A。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟儿的数量通常在10 到15 只左右，甚至在她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米
之前，它们就会聚集在她周围。A. age 年龄；B. size 尺寸；C. weight 重量；D. number 数量。根据上文
“usually around 10 to 15”可推知，此处是介绍这群鸽子的数量，指通常在10 到15 只左右。故选D。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟儿的数量通常在10 到15 只左右，甚至在她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米
之前，它们就会聚集在她周围。A. wish 愿望；B. chance 机会；C. plan 计划；D. reason 原因。根据上文
“The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in ___54___, would gather around her”和下文“to take the bag of rice
out from her handbag”可推知，此处是描述鸽子迅速聚集在老妇人周围的场景，应该是不等她有机会从手
提包里拿出那袋米，鸽子就聚集起来了。故选B。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天都是一样的，这是她日常生活的一部分。A. job 工作；B. project 项目；
C. routine 常规；D. dream 梦想。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由
此可知，这成了老妇人的常规惯例，即她日常生活的一部分。故选C。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现，看着她如此热情地完成这项平凡的任务，既平静又美丽。A.
watching 观看；B. helping 帮助；C. making 制作；D. hearing 听见。根据上文“There, I would always see
the same elderly lady ___41___ the pigeons (鸽子).”可知，作者总是看老妇人做这件事，由此可知，是看着
她完成这项平凡的任务让作者觉得平静又美丽。故选A。
46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现，看着她如此热情地完成这项平凡的任务，既平静又美丽。A.
confidence 信心；B. enthusiasm 热情；C. flexibility 灵活性；D. precision 精确性。根据上文“It was the
same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，老妇人对此倾注了热情，因此一直坚持着。故
选B。
47.考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：在这个特别的晚上，这位女士来到她平常的地方喂鸟。A. original
原始的；B. parking 停车；C. hiding 躲藏；D. usual 平常的。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，
这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，老妇人是来到平常的地方喂鸟。故选D。
48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当她走近长凳坐下时，她的项链掉在了地上。A. repaired 修理；B.
approached 靠近；C. shared 分享；D. supported 支持。根据老妇人是来公园喂鸽子的情境，以及下文
“the bench (长凳) to sit down”可推知，此处指她走近长凳坐下。故选B。
49.考查动词短语辨析。句意：注意到这一点，我起身去帮她拿回来。A. slipped in 溜进；B. ran away 逃跑；
C. got up 起身；D. turned around 转身。根据上文“I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to
set.”可知，作者坐在附近的草地上，等待太阳落山，由此可知，作者看到老妇人的项链掉落后，起身去帮
她拿回来。故选C。
50.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放
在她的腿上。A. However 然而；B. Afterwards 之后；C. Gradually 逐渐地；D. Fortunately 幸运地。根据
下文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the ___51___ picked up the necklace, ___52___ to the
bench, and dropped it on her lap”可知，一只鸽子捡起项链，归还给了老妇人，这与作者原本的行为形成转
折，应用However“然而”衔接上下文。故选A。
51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放
在她的腿上。A. sea 海洋；B. tree 树；C. pair 一对；D. group 群。根据上文“The birds, usually around 10
to 15 in ___44___, would gather around her”可知，这是聚集在老妇人周围的那群鸽子中的一只。故选D。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放
在她的腿上。A. walked 行走；B. stuck 卡住；C. pointed 指向；D. flew 飞。根据上文“one of the pigeons”
和下文“dropped it on her lap”可推知，鸽子应该是飞到长凳上，再把项链放在老妇人的腿上。故选D。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。A. lift 举起；B. cover 覆盖；C. believe 相信；
D. close 关闭。根据上文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the ___51___ picked up the necklace,
___52___ to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”可知，老妇人经常喂的鸽子居然帮她捡回项链，这是令人
难以置信的事，因此作者不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选C。
54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老太太也很吃惊，开始静静地笑了起来。A. satisfied 满意的；B. surprised
惊讶的；C. annoyed 恼怒的；D. frightened 害怕的。根据上文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from
the ___51___ picked up the necklace, ___52___ to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”和“also”可知，看
到自己经常喂的鸽子居然捡回项链，老妇人的反应和作者是一样的，感到非常惊讶。故选B。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我脸上露出了灿烂的笑容，高高兴兴地继续看日落。A. caught 抓住；B. hit
击打；C. left 剩下；D. met 遇见。根据下文“with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to
watching the sunset”可知，作者见到这一情景，内心是高兴的，脸上应该是仅有灿烂的笑容，即露出了灿
烂的笑容，短语be left with 意为“余下，剩下”，表示在某种情况下，仅剩下某些东西或某种感觉。故选
C。
【2023 浙江1 月卷】
The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 41 a unique
honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the 42 . Reaching
them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43 .
I 44 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began
preparations. He 45 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch
to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree,
Ziyad began 47 . He stopped every few minutes to move the 48 higher up the tree trunk.
49 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch,
he 59 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a
sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d 51 the trunk and was back on the ground.
It was too 52 to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 53 . Baby bees were still in
the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were 54 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had
to wait for the right 55 to go back up.
41. A. share
B. collect
C. celebrate
D. witness
42. A. courtyards
B. fields
C. treetops
D. caves
43. A. urgent
B. dangerous
C. expensive
D. pointless
44. A. searched
B. recognised
C. followed
D. invited
45. A. gathered
B. cleaned
C. dropped
D. checked
46. A. shook
B. lit
C. measured
D. decorated
47. A. jumping
B. talking
C. testing
D. climbing
48. A. hives
B. leaves
C. rope
D. honey
49. A. Finally
B. Surprisingly
C. Naturally
D. Immediately
50. A. backed
B. dived
C. shouted
D. inched
51. A. cut off
B. gone up
C. slid down
D. held onto
52. A. high
B. early
C. fast
D. close
53. A. hatching
B. training
C. sowing
D. trading
54. A. curious
B. hungry
C. bored
D. angry
55. A. moment
B. equipment
C. person
D. order
【答案】41. D42. C43. B44. C45. A46. B47. D48. C49. A50. D51. C52. B53. A54. D55. A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特
的采蜜经历。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share 分享；B. collect 收集；C.
celebrate 庆祝；D. witness 见证；目睹。根据下文“I ____41____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of
grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad 见证埃塞俄比亚传统
的采蜜方式。故选D 项。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. courtyards 庭院；B.
fields 田野；领域；C. treetops 树顶；D. caves 洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工制作
的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C 项。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent 紧急的；B.
dangerous 危险的；C. expensive 昂贵的；D. pointless 毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ____44____
and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是
很危险的。故选B 项。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched 搜索；
B. recognised 认出；C. followed 跟随；D. invited 邀请。根据前文“I was on my way to ____41____ a
unique honey harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad 如何采蜜。故选
C 项。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火
把。A. gathered 聚集、采集；B. cleaned 清除；C. dropped 掉落；D. checked 检查。根据下文“handfuls
of damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad 从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A 项。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。
A. shook 摇晃；B. lit 点燃；点亮；C. measured 测量；D. decorated 装饰。根据后文“to create a torch”可
知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B 项。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后
Ziyad 开始向上攀爬。A. jumping 跳；B. talking 谈话；C. testing 测试；D. climbing 攀爬。根据“higher
up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad 要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D 项。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives 蜂房；B.
leaves 树叶；C. rope 绳索；D. honey 蜂蜜。根据“Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the
other end around the trunk of a tree,”可知，Ziyad 是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上
攀爬。故选C 项。
49.考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad 最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20 米高。A. Finally 最终；B.
Surprisingly 令人意外地；C. Naturally 自然地；D. Immediately 立刻。根据上文“He stopped every few
minutes to move the ___48___ higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad 借助绳索不断向上攀爬，
终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A 项。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad 坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入
蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed 支持；B. dived 跳水；C. shouted 对……大声喊叫；D. inched 缓慢移动。根
据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ___43____”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的
工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad 小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将
烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D 项。
51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut off 切除；B. gone up
上升；C. slid down 滑下；D. held onto 抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20
metres above the ground.”和后文“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad 是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选
C 项。
52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high 高的；B. early 早的；C. fast 快速的；
D. close 亲近的。根据下文“ A cool summer had delayed ___53___ . Baby bees were still in the
honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B 项。
53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching 孵化；B. training 培训；C.
sowing 播种；D. trading 与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，
此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A 项。
54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad 从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A.
curious 好奇的；B. hungry 饥饿的；C. bored 无聊的；D. angry 生气的。根据下文“kept attacking as
Ziyad escaped from the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D 项。
55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. moment 时刻；B.
equipment 设备；C. person 个人；D. order 点餐；命令。根据上文“ A cool summer had delayed
____53____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad 只好另待时机，
等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A 项。
【2020 新课标卷】
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 41
. He learned the value and beauty of 42 there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 43 happening around his home. A flood had hit
the area earlier that year and the 44 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 45 , the number
of snakes had declined as well. He 46 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from
the 47 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 48 during the
daytime. He turned to the 49 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However,
Molai went looking on his own and 50 a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
51 young plants in the dry season was 52 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 53 of
each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 54 rainwater. The
water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.
Molai 55 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-
grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
41. A. dream
B. job
C. home
D. choice
42. A. nature
B. youth
C. culture
D. knowledge
43. A. precious
B. interesting
C. disturbing
D. awkward
44. A. waste
B. tension
C. pain
D. damage
45. A. Besides
B. However
C. Therefore
D. Otherwise
46. A. agreed
B. realized
C. remembered
D. predicted
47. A. noise
B. heat
C. disease
D. dust
48. A. directions
B. partners
C. help
D. shelter
49. A. labor
B. police
C. forest
D. finance
50. A. rebuilt
B. discovered
C. left
D. managed
51. A. Decorating
B. Observing
C. Watering
D. Guarding
52. A. tough
B. illegal
C. fantastic
D. beneficial
53. A. back
B. top
C. foot
D. side
54. A. cool down
B. keep off
C. purify
D. collect
55. A. returned
B. learned
C. failed
D. continued
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Molai 在印度的一个小村庄长大。16 岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨
大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai 决定改变这一切，
他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30 多年的时间里，他的努力使1360 英亩的天然土地
成为许多动植物的家园。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream 梦想；B. job
工作；C. home 家；D. choice 选择。根据空前的second 可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些
“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。
42.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature 自然；B. youth 青
春，年轻；C. culture 文化；D. knowledge 知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。
43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16 岁时，Molai 开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A.
precious 宝贵的；B. interesting 有趣的；C. disturbing 令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. awkward 尴尬的，笨
拙的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选
C。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。
A. waste 废物；B. tension 紧张；C. pain 疼痛，痛苦；D. damage 损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会
“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。
45.考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides 此外，另外；B. However 但是；C.
Therefore 因此；D. Otherwise 否则。根据as well 可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇
的数量减少。故选A。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed 同意；
B. realized 意识到；C. remembered 记住，记起；D. predicted 预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少
是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。
47.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise 噪音；
B. heat 热；C. disease 疾病；D. dust 尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受
炎热的影响。故选B。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A.
directions 方向；B. partners 伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help 帮助；D. shelter 遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给
动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor 劳动；B. police 警察；
C. forest 森林；D. finance 财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The solution, of course, was to plant trees”可知，
Molai 想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。
50.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai 自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A.
rebuilt 重建；B. discovered 发现；C. left 离开；D. managed 设法做成。根据前面的”looking on his own”
可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decorating 装饰；
B. Observing 观察到；C. Watering 浇水；D. Guarding 守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai 想尽办法收集
水的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。
52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough 困难的；
B. illegal 非法的；C. fantastic 极好的；D. beneficial 有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai 想尽办
法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai 在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的
陶罐来收集雨水。A. back 背部；B. top 顶端；C. foot 脚；D. side 一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句“The
water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵
树苗的”顶端”。故选B。
54.考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai 在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞
的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down 冷却下来；B. keep off 与……保持距离；C. purify 净化，使纯净；D.
collect 收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故
选D。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37 年里，Molai 继续种树。A. returned 返回；B. learned 学会；C.
failed 失败；D. continued 继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360 英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家
园。由此推知，在接下来的37 年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。
