第02 讲 阅读7 选5——记叙文
目录
01
考情解码·命题预警
2
02 体系构建·思维可视.................................................................................................................................................3
03 核心突破·靶向攻坚.................................................................................................................................................4
考点一 考查根据逻辑关系解题.....................................................................................................................4
知识点 记叙文特征.............................................................................................................................................4
考向突破 考查根据逻辑关系解题......................................................................................................................5
考点二 利用指代一致解题.....................................................................................................................................8
知识点 指代一致.................................................................................................................................................8
考向突破 指代一致.............................................................................................................................................8
考点三 考查利用词汇线索解题.............................................................................................................................11
知识点 词汇线索.................................................................................................................................................11
考向突破 考查利用词汇线索解题...................................................................................................................11
04 真题溯源·考向感知............................................................................................................................................14
阅读7 选5 之记叙文
年份
卷别
体裁
类别
主题
段首
段中
段尾
选项特指
字数
2025
全国I 卷
记叙文
人与社会
热爱事业的咖啡馆员
工
4
1
完整句
254+85
全国II 卷
说明文
人与社会
一家人一起参加志愿
服务
2
2
1
完整句
247+83
2024
新课标I 卷
说明文
人与自我
使用英语词典的心得
1
4
0
完整句
273+61
新课标II 卷
说明文
人与社会
如何避免过度性旅游
1
3
1
完整句
259+52
2023
新课标I 卷
说明文
人与自我
学会自我原谅的办法
0
4
1
完整句
247+82
新课标II 卷
说明文
人与社会
开启艺术之旅的建议
1
3
1
完整句
261+63
2022
新课标I 卷
说明文
人与社会
如何找到健身伙伴
0
4
1
完整句
257+76
新课标II 卷
说明文
人与社会
写文章好修改技巧
1
4
0
完整句
237+74
2021
新课标I 卷
记叙文
人与社会
巴黎一周生活经历
1
4
0
完整句
270+83
新课标II 卷
说明文
人与社会
提高阅读速度建议
1
2
2
完整句
250+75
2020
新课标I 卷
记叙文
人与社会
公开演讲的一些原则
1
3
1
完整句
235+73
考情分析：
1．从命题内容上看，高考命题主要从以下几方面考查：记叙文通常以记人叙事为主，以人物的经历和事物
发展变化为主要内容。记叙文包含时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果六要素，常用的记叙顺序有顺叙、
倒叙、插叙，表达方式有叙述或夹叙夹议。
2．从命题思路上看：选项设置上以上下文的过渡衔接和连贯为主，要求考生能理清记叙顺序和故事发展的
过程与结构。
预计2026 年有可能考查记叙文。复习过程中要熟练掌握记叙文的命题特点和解题方法，做到成功应对
说明文阅读填空。
复习目标
1.掌握记叙文的结构特点和命题形式。
2.掌握记叙文阅读填空的解题思路和技巧。
考点一 考查根据逻辑关系解题
知识点 记叙文特征
高考七选五中所选用的记叙文通常以记人、叙事为主，以人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容。记
叙文包含时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果六要素；常用的记叙顺序有顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙和分
叙；表达方式有叙述、描写、夹以议论、说明和抒情。在阅读七选五中，记叙文体裁的，在选项设置上以
上下文的过渡衔接和连贯为主，要求考生能理清记叙顺序和故事发展的过程与结构(弄清事情的起因、经过
和结果尤为重要)。
记叙文的阅读一要抓住时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果六要素，二要弄清记叙的顺序，三要把
握好人物的情感和态度。如果记叙中所涉及的人物较多，还要弄清人物之间的关系。在阅读解题时，首先
要通读全文，弄清六要素和记叙的顺序，特别要注意文章中所提到的多个时间、地点、人物，理清起因、
经过和结果；然后阅读选项，弄清事情的起因、经过和结果，根据故事发展的线索、事物的先后顺序、指
代、同词重现等下上文信息确定答案。
根据逻辑关系解题
1.“语篇结构”关系
阅读七选五的体裁的解题要从语篇上记叙文的六要素(时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果)，理清记
叙顺序和故事发展的过程与结构(弄清事情的起因、经过和结果尤为重要)，关注上下文的过渡衔接和连
贯，进而比对选项确定答案。
2.借助“解释例证”关系
段落行文中的后文对前文或解释说明或举例佐证。
3.“转折让步”关系
段落行文中的后句与前句构成逻辑上的转折关系或前句与后句构成逻辑上的让步关系。
4.“层层推进”关系
段落行文中的前句与后面的数句在某种意义上层层推进，一层更进一层，即通常所说的“递进”。
5.“原因结果”关系
段落行文中的前句与后句之间构成前因后果或者前果后因的关系。
6.“齐头并进”关系
段落行文中的句子与句子之间齐头并进互不相属形成并列关系，用来说明同一个问题。
考向 考查利用逻辑关系解题
例1 因果关系
(2025 年全国I 卷)
One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a
student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science
major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. _____19_____ “Catherine always has a huge
smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said.
A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B. She has two children aged eight and four.
C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
【思维过程】
●19 空为段中句，观察其前后内容。
●看19 空上面的内容→Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least
six days a week. →看19 空下面的内容 “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in
a cheerful mood,” Wright said.→at least six days a week 的原因→F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and
gets her ready for class.
故选
●
F
19. F 根据上文“Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days
a week. (乔安娜・赖特是政治学专业的大四学生，她热爱咖啡，每周至少去这家咖啡馆六天。)”及下文
““Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. (赖特
说“凯瑟琳总是笑容满面，这总能让我心情愉快。”)”可推知，设空处需说明她频繁去咖啡馆的原因。F
选项“Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. (去咖啡馆让她一天有个好的开始，
并为上课做好准备。)”中的“starts her day off good”解释了“每周去六天”的动机，且“cheerful mood”
与墨菲的微笑服务形成因果关系。故选F 项。
例2 根据时间先后顺序解题
（2010 辽宁卷）
At first I was paid in candy.
2
I worked every day after school, and during the summer
and on weekends and holidays from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m. My father helped me set up a bank account.
A. Later I received 50 cents an hour.
B. Before long, she let me sit there by myself.
C. I ended my selling a record amount of cosmetics.
D. Today I still carry that lesson with me: I listen to customers.
E. My grandma’s trust taught me ow to handle responsibility.
F. Soon I found myself looking more beautiful than ever before.
G. Watching my money grow was more rewarding than anything I could have bought.
【思维过程】
●2 空为段中句。
●看2 空上的内容→At first I was paid in candy.→ A. Later I received 50 cents an hour. →注意比较：时
间顺序at first---later 时间顺序；paid in candy---received 50cents 报酬→按时间顺序记叙，话题一致。
故选
●
A
2. A。前句 At first I was paid in candy．是讲作者起初得到的报酬，而A 选项内容是关于后来报酬的形
式，由此可以推测A 选项正确．句意：开始我只是得到一些糖果，后来她给我每小时50 美分。故选A。
【变式训练·变载体】
One Second Every Day
I’ve been in advertising for eight years and used to work a lot of late nights and weekends for numerous
projects.
1
One day I watched a talk called “The power of time off”. It’s about how every seven years,
the speaker takes a year off from work so he can do his own creative projects.
2
I decided I had to do
that. I need to take time to start my own creative ideas.
The first project ends up being something I call “One Second Every Day”. Basically I record one second of
every day for the rest of my life, combining these moments into one single continuous video until I can’t record
them anymore. 3 There’re many things I have no recollection of unless someone brings them up, and I
think, “Oh, that’s something I did.”
4
On a good day, I’ll have maybe four seconds I want to choose. I’ll just have to narrow them down
to one, but even narrow them down to that one allows me to remember the other three anyway.
I don’t use any filters (滤镜), just trying to catch the moment as much as possible as it is. I started a rule of the
first person view. Early on, I thought I should have a couple of videos where people would see me, but I realized
that wasn’t the way to go.
5
The project has many possibilities. I encourage you all to record just a small piece of your life every day, so
you can never forget that day and treasure every moment.
A．It instantly inspired me.
B．The purpose is to remember what I’ve done.
C．I’m always energetic when doing things I love.
D．People might have different interpretations of it.
E．It’s difficult, sometimes, to pick that one second.
F．But I never had time for one I wanted to work on on my own.
G．The essence of my project should be recording the thing as I actually see it.
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从事广告行业8 年了，加班熬夜做了无数项目，但他一直没
有时间做自己真正想做的个人项目。有一天他受到一个演讲的启发，开始自己的项目“每天一秒钟”来记
录每一天的生活。
1．F 根据上文的“I’ve been in advertising for eight years and used to work a lot of late nights and weekends for
numerous projects.(我在广告业干了8 年，曾经为了很多项目工作到深夜和周末)”和下文的“I need to take
time to start my own creative ideas.(我需要时间来开始我自己的创意)”可知，作者在工作中加班熬夜做了无数
项目，看到一个演讲后决定开始做属于自己的项目，故空处内容应与没有做过个人想做的项目有关。F 项
“But I never had time for one I wanted to work on on my own.(但我从来没有时间做一个我想自己做的项目)”
与上文构成转折，选项中的one 表示“one project”，因此F 选项承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
2．A 上文“One day I watched a talk called “The power of time off”. It’s about how every seven years, the
speaker takes a year off from work so he can do his own creative projects.(有一天，我看了一个名为“休息时间
的力量”的演讲。这是关于每七年，演讲者如何从工作中请假一年，这样他就可以做自己的创意项目)”提
到作者看到一个演讲，介绍了演讲者每过七年，就拿出一年时间来做自己的富有创造力的项目，下文“I
decided I had to do that. I need to take time to start my own creative ideas.(我决定我必须这么做。我需要时间来
开始我自己的创意)”讲到作者决定也要这么做，开始自己的富有创造力的想法，说明这个演讲启发了作者，
A 项“It instantly inspired me.(它立刻启发了我)”中的It 指代前面的那个演讲，说明了那个演讲启发了作者，
因此承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
3．B 上文“Basically I record one second of every day for the rest of my life, combining these moments into one
single continuous video until I can’t record them anymore.(基本上，在我的余生中，我每天都会录下一秒钟，
把这些时刻组合成一个连续的视频，直到我再也录不下来。)”提到作者每天录一秒钟的视频，将这些一秒
钟的视频拼接成一段连续的视频，直到他没有能力再录制为止，下文“There’re many things I have no
recollection of unless someone brings them up(有很多事我都不记得了，除非有人提起)”讲到有很多作者之前
做过的事情，他都想不起来了，故空处内容应仍与作者录制视频有关，且涉及记住过去的事。B 项“The
purpose is to remember what I’ve done.(目的是帮助我记住做过的事)”说明了这个项目帮助作者记住做过的事
情，因此承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
4．E 下文“On a good day, I’ll have maybe four seconds I want to choose. I’ll just have to narrow them down to
one, but even narrow them down to that one allows me to remember the other three anyway.(在美好的一天，我大
概有四秒钟的时间可以选择。我只需要把它们缩小到一个，但即使缩小到一个也能让我记住其他三个)”讲
到在美好的一天里，作者想要多录制三秒钟，他只是把它们压缩到一秒钟，但是即使压缩到了只有一秒钟，
也足以让他记住其他三秒钟，说明作者有时只能选择一秒钟，E 项“It’s difficult, sometimes, to pick that one
second.(有时候只能选择一秒钟很难)”是对下文内容的总结，说明只能选择一秒很难，因此引起下文，符合
语境。故选E。
5．G 空前说“I don’t use any filters (滤镜), just trying to catch the moment as much as possible as it is. I started a
rule of the first person view. Early on, I thought I should have a couple of videos where people would see me, but I
realized that wasn’t the way to go.(我没有使用任何滤镜，只是尽可能地捕捉那一刻。我开始了第一人称视角
的规则。早些时候，我想我应该有几个视频，让人们看到我，但我意识到这不是我要走的路)”，说明这不
是作者想要的，因此空格处应该说作者真正想要的是什么，G 项“The essence of my project should be
recording the thing as I actually see it.(我的项目的本质应该是记录我实际看到的东西)”说明了作者的项目的本
质，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
考点二 利用指代一致解题
指代一致：句子中的代词与上下文的名词之间存在一致的指代关系。通过仔细分析空白
处前后的名词，可以明确这种指代关系，从而确定正确选项。
考向 考查指代一致
例1(2020·浙江卷)
I experienced years of loneliness as a child.
31
His friends teased him about babysitting his
sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to
spend hours by myself.
A. I wasn't alone any longer.
B. I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C. I was invited to play with another kid.
D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F. Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G. My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
【思维过程】
●31 空为段首句。
●看段首句31 空下面的内容→His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far
different from mine.→ G. My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.→his---my older brother’s→
承上启下
故选
●
G
【答案】G
31. G。设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his
interests were far different from mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G 项中的“My elder brother”，
且G 项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G 项。故选G。
例2（2017•高考卷）
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37
We slept in a
tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit
with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor's bill
for my son's food poisoning.
A. This time there was no tent.
B. Things are going to be improved.
C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
【思维过程】
●37 空为段中句。
●看37 空前面的内容→ The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.→看37
空后面的内容→We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use
the bathroom.→C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.→The friends---they 指代一致；slept in a tent,
cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.---a rough one→C
故选
●
C
【答案】C
37. C。根据后文We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and
use the bathroom 可知作者第一次露营条件很艰苦，C 选项The trip they took me on was a rough one.中的
rough 暗示了这一点，符合语境。故选C。
【变式训练·变载体】（2025·浙江省嘉兴地区5 月高三模拟）
What I learned watching dentist at work
I would like to be a dentist in the future. 1 The patient, tender dentist comforted me, a 7-year-old girl
at the time, and persuaded me to stop crying and to accept my treatment.
2 Recently, our teacher gave us the homework of experiencing a kind of job on the weekend. I chose
without hesitation to live a day as a dentist at my friend’s older brother’s workplace.
I got to Dr Tan’s clinic at 7:45 am, 15 minutes before office hours began on Saturday. Dr Tan, who has been a
dentist for five years, sat in his consulting room with a mask on his face and waited for his patients. I didn’t really
understand his diagnoses or treatments, but I could see that Dr Tan was a responsible doctor. He explained
conditions and therapies ( 治疗方案) to patients at length to remove their doubts. He paused operations to let
patients rest if the treatment was taking too much time. 3 Dr Tan worked for almost the whole morning
without a break. He only made a phone call to his wife to remind her to have an antenatal (产前) examination. Yes,
he will be a father in five months, but he still cannot keep his wife company at the weekend. 4 They try to
ease others’ pain anytime and anywhere, despite the cost to their own time and life.
As the last patient said goodbye to Dr Tan in the afternoon, my visit came to an end. I now feel that I
understand more about doctors. 5
A．My dream has finally come true.
B．They are the heroes I admire most.
C．Doctors are ordinary people, yet they are also angels.
D．It helps me to reduce stress, find friends and learn new skills.
E．I thought it was a dream that was almost impossible to fulfill
F．That’s all because of a dentist I came across during my childhood.
G．He also gave a doctor’s advice to his patients carefully before they went out the door.
【答案】1．F 2．A 3．G 4．C 5．B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述"我7 岁时看牙医的经历"。那位牙医给我留下良好的印象，这才使我
有了当牙医的愿望。
1．前一句I would like to be a dentist in the future 说到"我想要做一名牙医"，后一句The patient， tender
dentist comforted me， a 7-year-old girl at the time， and persuaded me to stop crying and to accept my
treatment 讲述"我7 岁时看牙医的经历"。那位牙医给我留下良好的印象，这才使我有了当牙医的愿望。故
答案选F。
2．根据前一段I would like to be a dentist in the future"我想要做一名牙医"和后一句"I chose without hesitation
to live a day as a dentist"可知"我终于有机会实现愿望了"。故选A。
3．前面几句 He explained conditions and therapies （治疗方案） to patients at length to remove their
doubts． He paused operations to let patients rest if the treatment was taking too much time 都在介绍Dr Tan 的
工作态度，之后的句子是总结Dr Tan 整个上午的工作状态，所以空选择G 符合行文逻辑。
4．根据后一句"They try to ease others' pain anytime and anywhere"他们试图随时随地减轻别人的痛苦。可以
与"angels"相联系．可知医生是普通人，但他们也是天使。故选C。
5．前文As the last patient said goodbye to Dr Tan in the afternoon， my visit came to an end． I now feel that I
understand more about doctors 作者根据自己的亲身体验更加了解牙医这个职业，所以用一句总结性句子进
行概况；他们是我最崇拜的英雄。故选择答案B。
考点三考查利用词汇线索解题
1.同畴词——从词汇线索上判断
上下义词和同一范畴词就是前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。利用前后句中这样的
特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题
2.代词指代——从词汇线索上判断
英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样
的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。
3.同义词/近义词——从词汇线索上判断
英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一
个很好的判断线索。其实就其本质而言，上文讲的代词和下文将涉及的上下义词和同一范畴词都是特殊的
同义/近义词。
考向 考查利用词汇线索解题
例（2021•全国I 卷）
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked.
___37___Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French.
That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【思维过程】
●37 空为段中句。
●看段中句37 空上文的内容→ Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked.→37 空下文
的内容→had a tiny lift→都是公寓的设施→C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.→plumbing (水
管)，lift，a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed 都是公寓设施→同畴词→C
故选
●
C
【答案】C
【解析】上文“The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though.(不过，这个地方并不是地道的法国住房)”是段落
的中心句，说明第二段主要内容是讲解公寓的情况。下文提到了楼宇和电梯的情况。C 项“There was a
nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.(有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床)”提到了厨房和床，这些都属于公寓的
配置，故选C 项。
【变式训练·变载体】（2025·湖北省武昌区高三下学期5 月质量检测）
Even as a child, I was always goal-directed. Every January 1st, I would dutifully sit down and write out my
resolutions for the upcoming year: lose 50 pounds, run a marathon, have a picture-perfect home! Oh, and be the
best parent ever who never yelled at my children!
1
By every March, I fall trapped in a cycle of ambition
and guilt.
Everything changed when I faced consistent battles with breast and appendix cancer. That’s right: two
different cancers, with two different treatment plans, at the same time, in the same body.
2
And I won’t
lie -the next year was incredibly difficult.
Experiencing dual treatments taught me profound lessons. 3 Simply waking up cancer-free
became my definition of triumph. Where I once measured success by completed checklists, I now found victory in
my children’s laughter or sunlight filtering through hospital blinds.
I abandoned traditional resolutions by realizing that big goals invite big failures. Instead, I adopted a “mini-
mission” approach.
4
For example, rather than aiming for daily gym marathons, I committed to 20-
minute walks three times weekly.
The magic lies in accumulated progress. After mastering basic nutrition goals (five vegetable servings daily),
I added hydration targets (replacing soda with herbal tea). This gradual method even helped me conquer the fearful
rowing machine -a feat (壮举) I’d previously considered impossible.
5
My only “resolution” last year was avoiding medical deductibles (免赔额) through sustained
small health habits. To my delight, it worked not through extreme measures, but through the snowball effect of
mini-achievements.
A．It was a lot to deal with.
B．Immediate results often mask long-term costs
C．Survival reshaped my understanding of success.
D．External pressures weaken self-improvement efforts.
E．Tiny achievable steps replaced monumental demands.
F．Piled accomplishments build sustainable transformation
G．In practical terms, my grand plans frequently backfire psychologically.
【答案】1．G 2．A 3．C 4．E 5．F
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从制定宏大目标到因患病改变观念，转而采用“小任
务”方法，通过积累小成就实现可持续转变并取得成功的经历。
1．上文“Even as a child, I was always goal-directed. Every January 1st, I would dutifully sit down and write out
my resolutions for the upcoming year: lose 50 pounds, run a marathon, have a picture-perfect home! Oh, and be the
best parent ever who never yelled at my children! (甚至在还是个孩子的时候，我总是目标导向的。每年的1 月
1 日，我都会认真地坐下来，写下我新的一年的决心：减掉50 磅，跑一场马拉松，拥有一个完美的家！哦，
还要成为从不对孩子大喊大叫的最好的父母！)”以及下文“By every March, I fall trapped in a cycle of
ambition and guilt. (到了每年的3 月，我就会陷入野心和内疚的循环中。)”描述了作者每年年初制定宏大目
标，但往往到3 月就陷入困境的情况。空处承上启下，说明目标宏大，但是往往会失败。所以G 项“实际
上，我的宏大计划经常在心理上适得其反。”符合语境。“grand plans”对应上文的
resolutions，“backfire”对应下文“fall trapped in a cycle”，体现计划与结果的反差。故选G。
2．上文“Everything changed when I faced consistent battles with breast and appendix cancer. That’s right: two
different cancers, with two different treatment plans, at the same time, in the same body .(当我面临乳腺癌和阑尾
癌的持续斗争时，一切都变了。没错：两种不同的癌症，两种不同的治疗方案，同时发生在同一个身体
上。)”描述了作者同时面临两种癌症的严峻情况。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明这种情况处理起来非常困
难。所以A 项“这有很多要处理。”符合语境。It 指代上文“同时患两种癌症”的情况，“a lot to deal
with”直接衔接 “两种治疗方案”的复杂性，且与下文“incredibly difficult”形成因果关系。故选A。
3．上文“Experiencing dual treatments taught me profound lessons. (经历双重治疗给了我深刻的教训。)”以及
下文“Simply waking up cancer-free became my definition of triumph. (仅仅是醒来发现自己未受癌症困扰，便
成了我对“胜利”的定义。)”说明了经历双重治疗给了作者深刻的教训。空处承上启下，说明这些教训如
何改变了作者对成功的理解。所以C 项“生存重塑了我对成功的理解。”符合语境。“reshaped
understanding”对应下文 “从清单成功观转向存活即胜利”的转变，“survival”与“waking up cancer-free”
形成语义呼应，是对段落核心观点的概括。故选C。
4．上文“I abandoned traditional resolutions by realizing that big goals invite big failures. Instead, I adopted a
“mini-mission” approach. (我放弃了传统的决心，因为我意识到大目标往往会导致大失败。相反，我采用了
“小任务”的方法。)”提到作者放弃了传统的宏大目标，转而采用“小任务”的方法。空处和前文为顺接
关系，说明这种“小任务”方法是如何具体实施的。所以E 项“微小可实现的步骤取代了宏大的要求。”
符合语境。“Tiny achievable steps”对应上文的“mini-mission”，“replaced monumental demands”对应
“abandoned traditional resolutions”，且与下文例子中的“20-minute walks”形成具体例证关系。故选E。
5．上文“This gradual method even helped me conquer the fearful rowing machine-a feat (壮举) I’d previously
considered impossible. (这种渐进的方法甚至帮助我征服了可怕的划船机——这是我以前认为不可能完成的
壮举。)”以及下文“My only “resolution” last year was avoiding medical deductibles (免赔额) through sustained
small health habits. (去年我唯一的“新年计划”，就是通过持续的小健康习惯来避免产生医保免赔额。)”描
述了作者通过积累小进步取得大成就的过程。空处为本段的主旨句，本段主要介绍从小习惯到长期成功的
过程。所以F 项“累积的成就促成可持续的改变”符合语境，是对段落主题“积累效应”的总结。故选
F。
1.【2025·全国I 卷】
An Unsung Hero
Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and
more. _____16_____
Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly
what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. _____17_____ As the customer
grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day?” Even when the line is getting longer,
she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations.
Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. _____18_____
“I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. Being a
mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve.
One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a
student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science
major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. _____19_____ “Catherine always has a huge
smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said.
“I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. _____20_____ She has every intention of staying and continuing
doing what she loves.
A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B. She has two children aged eight and four.
C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. C 19. F 20. G
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述大学咖啡馆工作人员凯瑟琳·墨菲用真诚的服务和热情的微笑
为学生带来温暖的故事，展现了这位平凡英雄的动人之处。
16. E 根据上文“Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has
just that, and more. (课间需要休息或早上快速提神？大学咖啡馆提供这些，还有更多。)”可知，开篇引出
咖啡馆的功能，空格处需揭示“更多”的内涵。E 选项“Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves
up smiles. (这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，还提供微笑。)”通过“Not only...also...”结构，既承接“drinks”，
又引出下文核心——墨菲的微笑服务，符合语境。故选E 项。
17. D 根据上文“She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. (她在机器之间来回制作饮
品。)”及下文“As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your
day?” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. (当顾客
从她手中接过饮品时，她微笑着说：“你好，今天过得怎么样？”即使队伍越来越长，她也不会让这影响
到她真诚的交流。)”可推知，设空处需补充制作饮品后的环节。D 选项“After finishing an order, she calls
out the name on the cup. (完成订单后，她会喊出杯子上的名字。)”中的“finishing an order”衔接“make
the drinks”，“calls out the name”引出顾客接饮品的场景，形成“制作—叫号—交付”的完整流程。故选
D 项。
18. C 根据上文“Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time.
(墨菲每天四点四十五起床，开车三十分钟准时上班。)”及下文“I do so because I like to make coffee for the
students. (我这样做是因为我喜欢为学生煮咖啡。)”可推知，设空处需进一步体现她对工作的投入。C 选项
“Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. (有时她会提前到达，提前为学生服务。)”中的
“arrives early”补充了“准时上班”之外的主动性，“serve the students early”呼应“like to make coffee
for the students”，展现其敬业精神。故选C 项。
19. F 根据上文“Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days
a week. (乔安娜・赖特是政治学专业的大四学生，她热爱咖啡，每周至少去这家咖啡馆六天。)”及下文
““Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. (赖特
说“凯瑟琳总是笑容满面，这总能让我心情愉快。”)”可推知，设空处需说明她频繁去咖啡馆的原因。F
选项“Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. (去咖啡馆让她一天有个好的开始，
并为上课做好准备。)”中的“starts her day off good”解释了“每周去六天”的动机，且“cheerful mood”
与墨菲的微笑服务形成因果关系。故选F 项。
20. G 根据下文“She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves. (她完全打算留下来，
继续做自己喜欢的事。)”可推知，设空处需体现她对工作的长期投入。G 选项“She has served here for 17
years and can’t imagine working anywhere else. (她已经在这里服务了17 年，无法想象在其他地方工作。)”
中的“17 years”凸显服务年限之长，“can’t imagine working anywhere else”强化对咖啡馆的情感联结，与
“staying”形成直接呼应。故选G 项。
2.【2021 年新高考全国
卷】
Ⅰ
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____36____So the first thing
we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to
leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing ( 水 管 )
worked. ____37____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in
perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a
couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____38____ French strawberries do not taste like
cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
____39____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some
groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed
they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency.
You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded.____40____When do these people work? The
French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a
group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【答案】36. F 37. C 38. G 39. E 40. A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者夫妇两人在巴黎的居住的感受。首先，作者介绍了她住的房子；
其次，说明了巴黎人生活非常精致的原因；最后，说明法国人对待生活的态度，相较于工作效率他们更看
重生活品质。
36.上文“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.(我丈夫和我刚在巴黎待了一周)”说明了背景；下文“So
the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.(所以我们做的
第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵公寓，在第六层，只有一个橱柜那么大)”是空格处的结果，因此空格处需
要填原因；根据F 项“Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.(我们的目标是看看
我们是否在某种程度上可以活的像巴黎人。)”可知，作者要在巴黎住下来，所以需要租房子，两句构成因
果关系。故选F 项。
37.上文“The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though.(不过，这个地方并不是地道的法国住房)”是段落的中心
句，说明第二段主要内容是讲解公寓的情况。下文提到了楼宇和电梯的情况。C 项“There was a nice
kitchen and a comfortable bed.(有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床)”提到了厨房和床，这些都属于公寓的配
置。故选C 项。
38.上文“... they eat great food and never gain weight.(他们吃得很好，而且从不发胖)”提及了食物。下文
“French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.(法
国草莓尝起来不像纸板。相反，它们会像小炸弹一样在你嘴里爆炸)”在说明法国的草莓很好吃。上下文结
合可知，因为法国的食物质量很高，所以不用吃很多就能很满足，同时吃的少也就不会发胖了。G 项
“The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. (食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太
多就能使你快乐)”符合语境要求。故选G 项。
39.第三段主要描述了作者夫妻去了采购了食物，买了草莓。下文“My husband and I agreed they were the
best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!(我丈夫和我都认为这是我们吃过的最好的水果。但它们要18
美元!)”说明法国的水果好吃但是也很贵。选项E“That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.(这
并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因)”承接了上一段关于法国人吃的少但是不胖的话题，同时引起下文，
给出了法国人吃的少的另一个原因物价贵。故选
‘
’
E 项。
40.根据上文“In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés
life. French cafés are always crowded. (在法国生活质量比效率更重要。这一点你能从咖啡馆生活看出来。法
国的咖啡厅总是很拥挤)”可知，上文说明了法国人对待工作不是很积极且咖啡厅里顾客很多。下文“When
do these people work?(这些人什么时候工作？)”是一个问句，说明本句属于过渡句，承接上文说明咖啡厅里
的造成拥挤的客人的情况，A 选项中有“customer”符合咖啡馆的情境设定，同时讲述了不是所有的客人都
是游客，那么意味着大部分人都是当地人，符合下文的提问。故选A 项。
