北化工《CEJ》:APP/GNP气凝增强层相变复合材料,用于多场景能源转换和储存

1成果简介

为解决有机相变材料固有的导热性低、易燃及泄漏等问题,本文,北京化工大学于中振 教授、Hao-Yu Zhao、Xiaofeng Li等研究人员在《Chemical Engineering Journal》期刊发表名为“APP/GNP aerogel-enhanced layered phase change composites for multi-scenario energy conversion and storage”的论文,研究利用聚磷酸铵(APP)阻燃剂与导热石墨烯纳米片(GNPs)的协同组装效应,构建了具有层状结构的3D导热阻燃自支撑骨架。所得的APP/GNP气凝胶可赋予相变材料优异的阻燃性和形状稳定性。
得益于连续的层状导热网络,该相变复合材料在GNP含量仅为6.49体积%的情况下,仍实现了8.75 W m−1 K−1的高导热率。这种高性能相变复合材料具有双模式能量转换能力,通过协同结合电能与太阳能热能转换,实现热能的连续采集、存储和释放。它可集成到太阳能热电转换系统中,以实现全链条的高效太阳能转换及昼夜不间断发电。在12 kW m−2.的太阳辐射下,所设计的太阳能热发电机的输出电压可达2042.3 mV。本研究为设计高性能多功能相变复合材料及推进新一代能量转换系统提供了可行的策略。
2图文导读

图 1. (a) Schematic illustrating the preparation of the APP/GNP aerogel and its PEG phase change composite. SEM images showing the vertically oriented layered structures of (b, c) AG0, (d, e) AG50, (f, g) AG100, and (h, i) AG150.

图2. (a) XPS spectra, (b) C/O atomic ratios, (c) FTIR spectra, and (d) XRD patterns of APP, GNP, and APP/GNP aerogels. (e) EDS mapping images of C, O, N, and P elements of AG150. (f) Apparent densities of aerogels and photograph of AG150.

图3. (a) XRD patterns, (b) heating and (c) cooling DSC curves, and (d) phase change enthalpies of PEG and its phase change composites. (e) DSC curves and (f) phase change enthalpies of PAG50 at 1st, 50th, and 100th heating-cooling cycles. (g) Thermal conductivities of PEG and its phase change composites. (h) Filler contents and η of phase change composites. (i) Comparison of thermal conductivity of PAG150 with those of thermally conductive composites previously reported.

图4. (a) Heat release (HR) capacity, (b) heat release rate (HRR), and (c) peak heat release rate of PEG and its phase change composites. (d) Flame retardancy of PEG, AG150, and PAG150 on the flame of an alcohol burner. (e) TGA curves and (f) DTG curves of PEG and its phase change composites. (g) T5% and Tmax of PEG and its phase change composites. (h) TMA curves of PEG and its phase change composites.

图5. (a) Illustration of the electric-thermal conversion performance characterization of PAG150. (b) Temperature-time curves and (c) infrared images of PAG150 at different voltages. (d) Illustration of the solar-thermal conversion performance characterization of PAG150. Temperature-time curves of (e) PEG and (f, g) PAG150 under solar light irradiation at 2 kW m−2 in different directions. (h) Final temperatures of PEG and PAG150 irradiated under solar light irradiation at 2 kW m−2 for 1500 s. (i) Temperature gradients of PEG and PAG150 under solar light irradiation at 2 kW m−2.

图6. (a) Schematic diagram of the solar-thermal-electric conversion performance characterization of the solar-thermal power generator. (b) The cyclic stability of the output voltage of the solar-thermal power generator under light irradiation of 1 kW m−2 and 1.5 kW m−2. Output (c) voltage and (d) current curves of the solar-thermal power generator under light irradiation of 2–10 kW m−2. (e) The output voltage and current curves of the solar-thermal power generator under light irradiation of 12 kW m−2. (f) The output power and power density of the solar-thermal power generator under different light intensities.
3小结
通过双向冷冻法,首次制备出三维层状APP/GNP气凝胶,其可作为相变复合材料的导热网络和支撑骨架。得益于阻燃剂APP与高导热性GNP之间的协同效应,悬浮液中实现了稳定且均匀的分散,APP/GNP气凝胶可赋予相变复合材料优异的阻燃性和形状稳定性。连续层状取向导热网络的存在赋予了 PEG 卓越的导热性,当 GNP 含量为 6.49 体积百分比时,PAG150 在取向方向上表现出 8.75 W m−1 K−1的高导热性。此外,APP/GNP 气凝胶的引入使 PAG150 能够整合卓越的电热和太阳能热转换性能,使其成为一种创新的多功能材料,可实现连续、稳定的热能转换和存储。基于 PAG150 卓越的导热性、光热转换及蓄热/放热能力,组装而成的光热发电机在12kW m−2的辐照强度下可达到2042.3 mV 的高输出电压。所设计的高性能相变复合材料在太阳能的高效利用方面具有巨大的潜力。
文献:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.174841

来源:文章来自CEJ网站,由材料分析与应用整理编辑。


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