夜雨聆风
动词时态必刷100题(有练习有答案可下载)
动词时态(有练习有答案）
动词时态和语态是英语语法的基石，关键在于理解动作发生的时间、进行的状态以及主语与动作的关系。以下是系统性的总结与关键注意事项。
一、 时态核心：时间与状态
英语时态由“时间”（现在、过去、将来、过去将来）和“状态”（一般、进行、完成、完成进行）组合而成。以下聚焦于最核心的六个时态。
1. 一般现在时
核心用法：
①客观真理与事实：The sun rises in the east.
②经常性习惯或常态：He walks to school every day.
③在时间或条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时（主将从现）：If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.
关键标志：频度副词（always,often, usually, sometimes, never），every day/week， once a year等。
注意事项：第三人称单数主语后，动词必须加`-s` 或 `-es`（规则见动词变化）。
2. 一般过去时
核心用法：表示过去某个特定时间发生并已结束的动作或状态。
关键标志：yesterday,last week, … ago, in 1990, just now, once upon a time等明确的过去时间状语。
注意事项：与现在完成时的根本区别在于是否强调对现在的影响或与现在的联系。过去时只谈过去，不涉及现在。
3. 一般将来时
核心结构：
will/shall+ do：表示单纯将来或临时决定。
begoing to + do：表示计划、打算或有迹象表明要发生的事情。
beabout to + do：表示“即刻就要发生”。
关键标志：tomorrow,next year, in the future, in two days, soon等。
注意事项：“begoing to”与“will”的区别是常考点。计划性强用前者，预测或临场决定用后者。
4. 现在进行时
核心用法：
①说话时正在进行的动作：Listen! Someone is singing.
②当前一段时期内在进行的活动（此刻不一定在做）：He is writing a novel these days.
③可表示将来（用于go, come, leave, start等移动性动词）：The train is leaving in ten minutes.
结构：am/is/are+ doing (现在分词)。
注意事项：状态动词（如know, love, have, want）通常不用于进行时。
5. 过去进行时
核心用法：表示过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作。
结构：was/were+ doing。
关键标志：atthis time yesterday, at 8 last night, when/while引导的从句（常表示背景动作）。
典型句型：Whenhe arrived, I was cooking.（他到达时，我正在做饭。）
6. 现在完成时
核心用法（两大核心思想）：
①影响性：过去动作对现在造成的结果或影响（常不涉及具体时间）。I have lost my key.（我现在没钥匙。）
②持续性：从过去某时开始，持续到现在的动作或状态（常与 for/since 连用）。He has lived here for ten years.
结构：have/has+ done (过去分词)。
关键标志：already（肯定句），yet（疑问/否定句），ever,never, just, so far, recently, in the past few years, since + 时间点，for + 时间段。
黄金考点：
与一般过去时的区别：现在完成时不能与明确的过去时间状语连用。
瞬间动词（如buy, die, come, go）的完成时否定式可表示“一直未做”；在肯定句中若要与for/since连用表持续，需转换为“be + 形容词/副词/名词”等状态。例如：He has been dead for three years.（不能说 He has died for three years.）
二、 被动语态核心：主谓关系的转换
被动语态强调动作的承受者，其构成核心是 “be + 过去分词”，其中be动词体现时态和主谓一致。
核心用法：
1.强调或不知道动作执行者。
2.为使表达更客观、委婉（常见于科技文章、通知等）。
结构与时态对应（以动词do为例）：
一般现在时：am/is/aredone
一般过去时：was/weredone
一般将来时：willbe done / am/is/are going to be done
现在进行时：am/is/arebeing done（注意being的运用）
现在完成时：have/hasbeen done
含情态动词：情态动词+ be done
关键步骤：主动语态变被动语态三步走——①宾语变主语；②谓语动词变为“be+过去分词”；③原主语根据需要用by引出。
注意事项：
不及物动词（如happen, rise, appear）和连系动词（如 be, become）没有被动语态。
短语动词（如look after, turn on）在被动语态中，其后的介词或副词不能省略。
在“主语+ 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补”结构中，若宾补是不带to的不定式，变为被动语态后，必须加上to。（如：make sb. do sth. → sb. is made to do sth.）
三、 动词形式变化规则要点补充
三单变化：记住以 `-s, -x, -ch, -sh, -o` 结尾加 `es`；辅音加 `y` 结尾改 `y` 为 `i` 加 `es`。
现在分词（-ing）：
牢记“重读闭音节，末尾辅音字母双写”规则（如：run-running,begin-beginning）。
以`-ie` 结尾，变 `ie` 为 `y` 再加 `ing`。
过去式/过去分词（-ed）：
规则变化类似三单和现在分词，注意辅音加`y` 结尾改 `y` 为 `i` 加 `ed`。
不规则动词必须专门记忆，是考试高频考点（如：do-did-done,go-went-gone, see-saw-seen）。
综合应试策略：分析句子时，先找时间状语确定“时间”，再分析语境和动词性质确定“状态”，最后根据主语与动作关系决定是否用被动。多通过上下文和从句间的逻辑关系来判断时态呼应。
一高考真题练
1.（2025年新高考II卷）“The players’ personalities are revealed during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ____61____ (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ”
2.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____
____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
3.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ______ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns.
4.（2024年浙江卷1月语法填空）Over the last two years, some supermarkets ________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
5.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）They ________（be）part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
6.（2024年北京卷） My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!”
7.（2023年新高考II卷）As a little girl, I 45 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.
8.（2022年新高考II卷）Henry _________(fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
9.（2022年新高考II卷）He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly _________ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
10.（2022年全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________(walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
二创新基础练
在设空处填写括号内单词的适当形式。
1．And it is a rite (仪式) that (represent) the independence of children who are above 18 years old.
2．Jasmine Flower is a popular Chinese song which (date) from the 18th century.
3．Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching (reward) with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments.
4．When Wilson heated it, the container (explode), leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
5．Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently (emerge).
6．Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds (prove) skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.
7．You’d better not phone the manager between 7 and 8 tomorrow evening; he (have) an important meeting then.
8．Don’t call Mr. Wang at nine tomorrow. He(listen) to a lecture on the reform of the college entrance examination.
9．I’m sure that your letter (get) immediate attention. They know you are waiting for the reply.
10．The World Health Organization warns that millions of people (suffer) from indoor air pollution at the present time, which results from the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves at home.
11．In front of our house (stand) a tall tree with a history of over 1,000 years, which is protected by the government now.
12．Larry’s parents made up their mind that they (buy) a new house once their little daughter changed her job.
13．Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on what could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they (sow).
14．Marty (work) really hard on his book and thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday.
15．While drone delivery is new to Beijing, the technology (exist) in other parts of China for several years.
16．Alice said to me that she (stay) in her hometown for two more days.
17．Quantities of food (be) sent to earthquake-stricken areas after the quake broke out.
18．After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he (swing) his feet forward.
19．The course (comprise) a class book, a practice book and an audio tape.
20．But when Mum got home from work, I was still (complain), “Five pages! That’s impossible!”
三难度拔高单句改错练
1．（2022年全国甲卷短文改错）I was unwilling to talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late.
2．（2022年全国乙卷短文改错）Whether you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol.
3．（2022年全国乙卷短文改错）So you are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution.
4.Before getting into the car, I thought … once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether.
5．… When summer came, they will invite their students…!
6．It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside.
7.My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.
8.As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not let me.
9.Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, but I have long been out of practice.
10.He would ask who we was and pretend not to know us.
四高考模拟练
1．We are afraid that we cannot pass the exam to be held next week, because the teacher (criticise) us if we can’t pass it.
2．Today, I’m going to introduce to you a magazine that (feature) the art of living.
3．Among the 25 ethnic groups of Yunnan, the Yi people have a unique culture, which over thousands of years
(develop) into colourful customs with distinctive features.
4．Although China (withdraw) from further expeditions after 1443, the land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.
5．Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public.
6．Hearing the news, she shut her eyes and (bite) her lip, with tears streaming down.
7．Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling that this little machine (take) up too much of my time, and that I could have done something more meaningful than just looking at a tiny screen all day.
8．In the 20th century, many species of birds （threaten）with extinction due to widespread hunting and habitat loss.
9．My classmates (practise) the English drama for days in order to perform well in the upcoming Cultural Festival.
10．The idea (strike) me suddenly while I was walking in the park.
11．The new policy, which (ensure) equal pay for equal work, has been widely praised.
12．According to a recent survey, the number of students experiencing academic burnout(account) for 30% of respondents.
13．They made up their mind that they（move）to a new house once Larry changed his job.
14．We had to be patient because it（be）some time before we got the full results.
15．She (tear) up the letter angrily and threw it into the dustbin just now.
16．The kid hurriedly (seek) to cover the toy which he broke to escape being punished.
17．When the team composed of five members eventually reached the destination, they almost (starve) to death.
18．The majority of the teachers at the newly established urban nursery (special) in early childhood development.
19．Research has (confirm) that smoking is a major risk factor for many diseases.
20．The college, as one of the international exchange centers, (admit) more than 300 international students since 2016.
21．An old hand at photography, Tim (shoot) wildlife as a hobby for the last 13 years.
22．Every year our school (award) scholarships to the excellent students.
23．In order to hide his sadness, he talked and laughed as if nothing (happen).
24．The researchers (analyze) climate data from satellite images since January.
25．As the impact of human activities (continue) to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question.
26．Since my grandma retired, she (engage) in a lot of meaningful activities, such as gardening, writing, painting and baking bread.
27．That’s the third time he’s won the award in this field. He (explore) his maximum potential in the past decade.
28．The Titanic, a legendary ocean ship which (sink) in 1912 after hitting an iceberg, remains one of history’s most famous sea disasters.
29．Right now, the audience (clap) excitedly as the magician is pulling a rabbit from his hat.
30．By the time she retired, her decisions (lead) the company to success.
31．She (blood) heavily after giving birth, and the medical team had to take immediate measures to ensure her safety.
32．After peaking in 2019, the museum’s visitor numbers (decline) to pre-2015 levels by 2023, according to the annual report.
33．For the past few years, Wuzhen (host) the World Internet Conference, which makes life in this ancient town much more convenient than it has been.
34．Barbara is the only one of the students who (know) when the 34th Olympic Games will be held.
35．Before we (abandon) the ship, Mike calmly told us to rescue our essential supplies.
36．The number of students in our school (be) increasing year by year, which brings more challenges to teaching management.
37．The local communities (benefit) from tourism development in the past few years.
38．Simon often (refer) to his dictionary when he came across new words in reading.
39．The science teacher as well as her students (complete) three innovative experiments in the last six months.
40．Its ashy rocks, now dark, now light, told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was
(come).
41．Its ashy rocks, now dark, now light, told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was
(come).
42．While you watch the film The Jungle Book, you’ll feel that not only the animals but also the forest (look) so real.
43．The number of students in our school (increase) steadily in the past few years.
44．As we know, recent years (witness) great changes taking place in China, particularly in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai.
45．Parents (concern) that their children will waste the weekends.
46．She (employ) for three months since the company closed down but keeps applying for jobs every day.
47．A typical Chinese breakfast usually (consist) of soybeans, eggs, a bowl of porridge, meat and two kinds of fruit.
48．Nowadays there (exist) a fierce competition in job-hunting among college graduates.
49．It was said that another school was (build) in our hometown next month.
50．In 2011, words similar to those of Mallory were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette, who climbed Qomolangma in that year and (climb) other high mountains around the world.
51．Many (become) sick, due to the extreme cold and low air pressure, and a few would even lose their lives.
52．Last year, hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew (include) crowds, discomfort and danger.
53．It is said that this new kind of products (adopt) nanotechnology (纳米技术).
54．He was able to participate in the competition because a local business (sponsor) him.
55．Women were (scream) because some of the houses nearest the bridge were on fire.
56．A few students (hesitate) to start and waited to see what the rest of the class would do.
57．She likes drawing and often (draw) pictures for the wall newspapers.
58．I believe she will have a wonderful time here once she (get) to know everyone else.
59．Some of them carried flags, which (blow) in the wind.
60．Over the last decade, the government (sponsor) advertisements to educate the public on fighting AIDS, saving water, helping the poor, giving up smoking, etc.
61．A heated argument when someone questioned the project’s fairness. (arise)
62．They(press) for funds to complete the ambitious construction project, which was already behind schedule.
63．It is the second time he (join) in the discussion about how to solve the problem.
64．People (write) much about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
65．The number of tourists (rise) significantly since the new attractions opened last year.
66．Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest (disappear) due to human activities.
67．So far, the research team, as well as the funding agency, (make) significant progress in the project.
68．By the end of last month, the school (equip) all the laboratories with the latest scientific instruments.
69．Before us stretched the unending sand dunes that (mark) the beginning of the Sahara.
70．The school library (charge) students 1 yuan for printing, but this week it’s free.
71．It’s 37.2 cm wide, 16.5cm high and (weigh) about 100 grams, which is catching the world’s attention.
72．I (profit) greatly from the inspiring music course since I signed up for it.
73．Unexpected difficulties (arise) in the course of their experiment.
74．The boy narrowly (escape) being killed in the traffic accident that took place the other day.
75．Cursive(草书) (make) a comeback at present as states including New Hampshire, Utah and, most recently, California are embracing handwriting requirements in their educational standards.
76．By the time I graduated from high school, I (read) over 100 classic novels.
77．The company (tight) its budget to cut down on unnecessary expenses after the meeting held the other day.
78．The host introduced that the beautiful city, Lanzhou, (witness) millions of visitors over the past three years.
79．First, his two sledges (break) down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.
80．Scientists (wrestle) with the location of genetic markers for decades, and still have a long way to go.
81．He (long) to attend college since he was a little boy. Now his dream has come true.
82．And it is a rite (仪式) that (represent) the independence of children who are above 18 years old.
83．In 1984, jianzi was recognized officially as a Chinese national sport, and that same year (see) the creation of the Hong Kong-based team, Amateur Union of Shuttlecock.
84．I (look) for my lost keys everywhere but still haven’t found them.
85．The novel written by the author sells best, but five years ago no one could have imagined how great a role he
(play) in the literary world.
86．The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in number, (gather) around her before she even had a chance to take a bag of rice out of her handbag.
87．I (wander) along the pavement yesterday when some strangers came up and asked me the way to the police station.
88．He often to his childhood memories in his speeches.(refer)
89．The discussion (come) alive when an interesting topic was brought in.
90．After the reception, I dreamed, after the teachers and Mrs. Reed Winford had smacked their lips over Mama’s delicious meat balls, the girls (notice) me even more.
91．My mom (finish) cooking the dinner before I got home yesterday.
92．A brilliant idea (strike) him while he was reviewing his chemistry notes.
93．I am deeply impressed by the great changes that (take) place in the school over the past three years.
94．Now, especially amazing (be) the achievements that China has made in space exploration.
95．The company (mean) to launch a new product in the spring, but delays in production forced them to postpone.
96．The government (announce) the setting up of several special funds by the end of last year.
97．The news reported that by the end of last year, the number of 5G base stations in China (increase) to over 3 million.
98．During the past decade, he （photograph）the city, and sharing these photos online and in exhibitions.
99．Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching (reward) with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments.
100．We (reduce) emissions of air pollutants in recent years, but cars are still a major source of them.