考研英语真题重点熟词僻义

核心词

通常含义

常考僻义

例句

mean /miːn/ 

v. 意味着

adj. 小气的

lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited

cap /kæp/

n. 帽子

n. 限制

The H-2A visa has no numerical cap, unlike the H-2B visa for non-agricultural work, which is limited to 66,000 annually.

The communities minister, Don Foster, has hinted that George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, may introduce more flexibility to the current cap on the amount that local authorities can borrow against their housing stock debt.

authority  [ɔ:'θɔriti]

n.权威，威信

n.政府

local authorities当地政府

line  [lain]

n.线

v.排队

people lined the streets 人们在街上排队

crash  [kræʃ]

n.撞击，坠毁

v.暴跌；减少

The crash was a major reason the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) decided to formally list the bird as threatened.

steep  [sti:p]

a.陡峭的

a.急剧的

the steep increase in

airline travel

screen/skriːn/

n.屏幕，屏风

v.鉴别，筛选

Screen  Statistics in Papers

job  screener

n.面试官

sticker ['stikә(r)]

n.黏贴物

n.价签

one big reason is sticker

shock

sovereign ['sɔvrin]

n.君主

a.独立自主的

once a sovereign nation.

community [kә'mju:niti]

n.社区，团体

n.界

The astronomy community

shed [ʃed]

n.棚；分水岭

v.流出

to shed tears

shed light on

照亮

round

a.圆形的

rounded ['raundid]

a.周到的

a more rounded assessment

measure ['meʒә]

v.测量

n.措施

The  French measures

hit [hit]

v.打，击 n.击中

v.到达

As  many people hit middle age

rule [ru:l]

n.规则

v.裁决

In a rare unanimous ruling

host [hәust]

n.主人

v.主办

hosting an event

a host of

大量

a host  of example

sound [saund]

n.声音

a.合理的

court’s ruling is  legally sound

play favorite

偏向，偏心

not be allowed to play favorites

integrity [in'teɡriti]

n.完整

n.正直

unsettling  dearth of integrity

across  so many of our institution

fan [fæn]

n.扇子

v.煽动，激起

can fan public perceptions of

corruption

fuel [fjuәl]

n.燃料

v.助燃

fuel the efficiency mind-set

runway ['rʌnwei]

n.跑道

n.T台

to  employ ultra-thin models on

runways

faintly ['feintli]

a.虚弱的

勉强的

as  faint praise

index ['indeks]

n.索引

n.指数

a  government-defined index of

body  mass

mass [mæs]

n.群众，大量

n.质量

industry ['indәstri]

n.工业

n.行业

The  fashion industry

state [steit]

n.国家

n.状态

v.陈述

Danish  Fashion Ethical Charter

clearly  states

run [rʌn]

v.跑

v.运营

Yankee  nuclear power plant running

address [ә'dres]

n.地址

v.处理，解决

to address our urgent housing

need

country ['kʌntri]

n.国家

n.乡村

coach [kәutʃ]

n.教练

v.训练

coach lawyers on the shifting

landscape

train [trein]

n.火车

v.培训

do not  need the extra training

belt [belt]

n.带子

n.地带

national  parks and green belts

sense [sens]

n.感觉

v.嗅到

Only  Ukip, sensing its chance

side [said]

n.侧面

v.支持

has  sided with those pleading

back [bæk]

n.后背

v.支持

reluctance to back it

concrete [kәn'kri:t]

n.混凝土

v.浇灌混凝

土，建造

The  idea that “housing crisis”

equals  “concreted meadows”

favor ['feivә]

n.帮助

v.喜欢

the  product they favor

spectrum ['spektrәm]

n.光谱

n.范围

unite  left and right of the

political  spectrum

engage [in'ɡeidʒ]

v.订婚；使从事

v.联和

promote maximal engagement

cause [kɔ:z]

n.原因

n.事业

the cause of world peace

account [ә'kaunt]

n.账目

v.报账，解释

What  might account for this

strange  phenomenon

substantial [sәb'stænʃ(ә)l]

a.本质的

a.大量的

there  are advantages to avoiding

substantial  height

ditch [ditʃ]

n.沟渠

v.抛弃

there’s  plenty of incentive to

ditch  print

dwarf [dwɔ:f]

n.侏儒

v.使显得矮小

print  ad. sales still dwarf their

online  and mobile counterparts

overhead [әʋvә'hed]

adv.在头上

n.日常开支

Overhead  may be high and

circulation  lower

circulation [sә:kjʋ'leiʃ(ә)n]

n.循环

n.发行量

increase  Science’s circulation

charge [tʃɑ:dʒ]

v.充电

v.指控，控告

Rebekah  Brooks, innocent of the

same  charge

in charge

负责

were  in charge at the Times

check [tʃek]

v.检查

v.限制；遏制

Justices  intended to check the

power  of the Administration.

embody [im'bɔdi]

v.使具体

v.表现，包含

and  “embody” a spirit of

national  unity

owe [әʋ]

v.欠

v.归功于

owing  to their undoubted and

respectable  status

lame [leim]

a.跛脚的

a.站不住脚的

California’s  lame argument

board [bɔ:d]

n.木板

n.董事会，委员会，老板

talking  for the first time with the

board  of Hartford Group

model ['mɔdl]

n.模型

v.塑造

want to  model their approach

after  Science

fashion ['fæʃәn]

n.时尚；样子

v.制造

to  fashion state policies

shape [ʃeip]

n.形状

v.制造

reshape our social fabric

frame [freim]

n.方框，框架

v.制造，陷害

the  dearth of moral purpose

frames  not only the fact

scale [skeil]

n.刻度，等级

n.等级，规模

the need for large-scale public

grants

an industrial scale

整个行业的

pronounce [prә'naʋns]

v.发音

v.宣布

this  strange phenomenon to be

even  more pronounced

point [pɔint]

n.点

v.指出

a.关键的

to be  the point person for phone

hacking

respect [ris'pekt]

v.尊敬，尊重

n.方面

In many  respects

term [tә:m]

n.学期；期限

n.术语，条款

come to terms with

executive [iɡ'zekjutiv]

a.执行的

n.高管，

总经理

Executives were violently

agitated

margin ['mɑ:dʒin]

n.页边空白

n.边缘，幅度

Words  degraded to the margin

betray [bi'trei]

v.背叛，出卖

v.揭露

to be  fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity

scheme [ski:m]

n.计谋，谋划

n.策划

introduced  the “upfront work

search”  scheme

apparent [ә'pærәnt]

a.明显的

a.表面的

More  apparent reasonableness followed

ground [ɡraʋnd]

n.地，地面

n.理由

have  more grounds for

complaint

pile [pail]

n.堆

v.堆进，挤进

more  students to pile into law

schools

filer

n.文件装订员

nuisance-lawsuit  filer

bar [bɑ:]

n.小木棒，酒吧

n.律师

the  American Bar Association

body ['bɔdi]

n.身体

n.人

but the  state-level bodies that

govern  the profession

share [ʃєә]

v.分享

n.股份

non-lawyers  may not own any

share  of a law firm

shareholder ['ʃeәhәʋldә(r)]

n.股东

in  response to shareholder

pressure

stake [steik]

n.桩子；赌金

n.股份

trying  to stake out exclusive

rights

stakeholder

n.

股东

feature ['fi:tʃә]

n.相貌特征，特色

v.特写，特别报道

As a  News Feature article in

Nature  discusses

buy [bai]

v.买

v.相信，买账

think it’s  nonsense at the same

time that you buy into it

embrace [im'breis]

v.拥抱

v.相信

Marketers  have embraced the

two-step  flow

class [klɑ:s]

n.班级

n.阶级

You  cannot buy class

myth [miθ]

n.神话

n.谬论

They  perpetuate the myth of the

lone  genius.

scatter ['skætә]

v.散开

分散，

各种各样

The  goals of the prize-givers

seem as  scattered as the

criticism

nature ['neitʃә(r)]

n.自然

n.本性，本质

the  collaborative nature of

modern  research

release [ri'li:s]

v.释放

v.发表

a just released report

liberal ['libәrәl]

a.自由的

a.通用的

The  AAAS displays great

enthusiasm  for liberal education

goods [ɡudz]

n.

商品，货品

for good

end  the print edition for good

figure ['fiɡә]

n.体型，身材

n.数字，身份

v.想出，造出

a  non-controversial but

respected  public figure

identify[ai'dentifai]

v.辨认；使相同

v.确定

identify  actions that could be

taken  by

affair [ә'feә(r)]

n.绯闻，风流事

n.事务

international  affairs

wear [wiә]

v.穿戴

v.炫耀

wore  their learning lightly

wear and tear

耗损

department

n.部，系，分支

department store

odd [ɔd]

a.零头的，

奇数的

a.奇怪的

odds

n.几率

as the  odds of having a weak elderly parent

at odds

不一致，争吵

at odds  with world described in Overdressed

label ['leibl]

n.标签

n.品牌

mass-market  labels such as Zara

brand new

全新的

being thrown into a brand new

environment

in volumes

大量

it must  rely on low-wage,

overseas  labor, order in volumes

note [nәut]

n.笔记

v.指出

He  notes that each individual

has  many ancestors

curb [kә:b]

n.路缘

v.限制

made  efforts to curb their

impact  on

fine ['fi:nei]

a.好的

v.罚款

a.精细的

results  in fines that generally are

40%  lower

fine-grained

a.精细的

such  fine-grained information

crack [kræk]

n.裂缝

get  cracking on responding to

perspective [pә'spektiv]

a.透视的

n.透视图

in  perspective关系正确地

it may  put your own problems in perspective

row [rau]

n.行，排

n.争吵

On May  31st Microsoft Set off

the row

stick

n.小棍

v.黏贴

it’s  safer to stick to the

traditional  rules.

count [kaʋnt]

v.数

v.指望

n.点

count  on hard work and fair play

appreciation [әpri:ʃi'eiʃ(ә)n]

n.欣赏，感激

n.认识

gained  a deeper appreciation of

survive [sә'vaiv]

v.幸存于

v.生存

contest [kәn'test]

v.比赛，争夺

contested

a.有争议的

three  of the four contested

provisions

provision [prә'viʒәn]

n.供应

n.条款

act [ækt]

v.行动

n.法案

the  alien and Sedition Acts

administration [әdmini'streiʃ(ә)n]

n.管理

n.政府

The  administration was in

essence  asserting

essence ['esns]

n.本质，实质

n.

in essence

实际上

justice ['dʒʌstis]

n.公正

n.法官

Justice  Anthony Kennedy

contend [kәn'tend]

v.争论，竞争

v.认为

Tina  Rosenberg contends that

rage [reidʒ]

n.愤怒

v.一时流行

also  the latest rage among

passionate  genealogists

late /leɪt/

adj. 迟到的

adj. 已故的

Steve Ross is no longer alive.

fat /fæt/

adj. 肥胖的

adj. 丰厚的

Everybody loves a fat pay rise.

campaign [kæm'pein]

n.竞选

n.大型运动，战役

many  public-health campaigns

take a page from

学一招

ought  to take a page from

advertisers

glare [ɡlєә]

v.发强光

v.明显

The  most glaring flaw of the

pair [pєә]

n.一双，一对

v.配对

pairing  them with

better-behaved  classmates

work [wә:k]

n.工作

v.起作用

The  tactic never really works

plant [plɑ:nt]

n.植物

n.工厂

nuclear  power plant running

subject

n.主体，主题

v.受制于

subject  to Vermont legislature’s

approval

a string of

一系列

A  string of accidents

question

n.问题

n.质疑

The question of GDP and its

usefulness

beside the point

没有意义

that  debate would be beside the

point

context ['kɔntekst]

n.上下文

n.背景

but we  cannot escape the

context  of our unique life

experience

mine [main]

n.我的

n.矿山

v.采矿

newly  staked mining claims

reason ['ri:zn]

n.理由

v.推理

We  reason together,

union ['ju:njәn]

n.联合

n.工会

If the  trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa

trade

n.贸易

n.行业

has  long been associated with

trade  unionism

bright [brait]

a.明亮的

a.聪明

they  are mostly bright and

well-educated

tie [tai]

n.领带

n.纽带关系

Some of  their ties go back

owe [әʋ]

v.欠

v.归功于，

因为

owing  to their undoubted and

respectable  status.

patrol [pә'trәul]

v.巡逻

v.监督

modest ['mɔdist]

a.谦虚的

a.中等的，适度的

merit ['merit]

n.价值，优点

n.美德

merit pay

绩效奖金

wake [weik]

v.唤醒

n.尾迹

in the wake of

weather ['weðә]

n.天气

v.度过艰难

help  families weather bad times

climate ['klaimit]

n.气候

n.社会思潮

air [єә]

n.空气

n.气质

faint [feint]

v.晕倒

a.虚弱的，勉强的

composition [kɔmpә'ziʃ(ә)n]

n.作文

n.作曲，组成

boot up

启动

boot up your computer

devote [di'vәʋt]

v.献身，奉献

devoted concertgoer

note [nәut]

n.笔记本

v.指出，解释

noted ['nәʋtid]

a.著名的

has  been widely noted

excuse [ik'skju:s]

v.原谅

n.借口

cloaking  his exit in the usual

vague  excuses

apply /əˈplaɪ/ 

v. 涂抹

v. 应用 申请

These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks, apply lotions 

name [neim]

n.名字

v.提名

which  named him CEO

cloud [klaud]

n.云

v.抹黑

letting  vague pronouncements

cloud  their reputations

sitting ['sitiŋ]

a.在位的

to look  at sitting CEOs first

commercial [kә'mә:ʃәl]

a.商业的

n.广告

television  commercials and print

advertisements

play [plei]

v.玩

n.剧本

v.扮演

still  play a major role

traffic ['træfik]

a.交通的

n.流量，

访问量

media  whose traffic is so strong

voice [vɔis]

n.声音

v.表达

will  voice their opinions in

quicker

vocal

a.声音的

a.有影响力的

A small but vocal group

orchestrate ['ɔ:kistreit]

v.编曲

v.策划安排

a quick  and well-orchestrated

social-media  response campaign

dampen ['dæmpәn]

v.使潮湿

v.使沮丧

the  very things that in the

moment  dampen our moods

fair [fєә]

a.公平的

n.博览会，游乐场

a.美丽的

dumb [dʌm]

a.哑的

a.愚蠢的

many  people are dumb enough

to want  children just because

cover ['kʌvә]

v.覆盖

v.支付；报道

seriousness  of their arts

coverage

tempt [tempt]

v.诱惑

be tempted to忍不住，不禁

You  might even be tempted to

assume  that

move [mu:v]

v.运动

n.法案，决议

In a  move that has

intellectual-property  lawyers

abuzz

pool [pu:l]

n.泳池

n.资金池

approving  a patent on a way of

pooling  mutual-fund assets

stake

n.桩子

v.用桩标出

trying  to stake out exclusive

rights

arm [ɑ:m]

n.武器

v.武装

some  Wall Street investment

films  armed themselves with

patents

hedge [hedʒ]

n.树篱

v.阻挡，规避

patent  on a method for hedging

risk

argue ['ɑ:ɡju:]

v.争论

v.认为

Malcolm  Aladuell argues that

social  epidemics are

influential [inflʋ'enʃ(ә)l]

a.有影响力的

n.有影响力的人

has  little to do with the initial

influential

stem from

源自

Marriage breakup stems from

sex inequalities

tell /tel/

v. 告诉

显现

The discomfort is beginning to tell.

calling /ˈkɔːlɪŋ/

n. 打电话

n. 事业

These man believe in journalism as a calling 

game /ɡeɪm/ 

n. 游戏

n. 猎物

The large, slow-growing animals were easy games.

cascade [kæs'keid]

n.瀑布

n.变化

for  example the cascade of

change  won’t propagate very far

dynamics [dai'næmiks]

n.动力学

n.动力

the  power of group dynamics to

help  individuals

momentum [mәʋ'mentәm]

n.动量

n.动力

The world art market had

already been losing momentum

for a while

fetch [fetʃ]

v.去取

v.售得

the price  managers and

regulators  would like them to

fetch

compromise ['kɔmprәmaiz]

v.妥协

n.损害

essential  to the proper

functioning  of capital markets, is

being  compromised

bruising

a.擦伤的

a.引起摩擦的

After a  bruising encounter with

Congress

model ['mɔdl]

n.模型

v.塑造；

模仿

want to  model their approach

after  Science

remodel [ri:'mɔd(ә)l]

v.改造

remodel the way of thinking

fold [fәuld]

v.折叠

v.增加

but the  pressure to fold when

book

n.书

n.票面

But  bank's shares trade below

their  book value

answer for

解释，呼应，负责

balance ['bælәns]

n.平衡

v.余额

a bank balance

beam [bi:m]

n.横梁；光束

v.面露喜色

a beaming girl

code [kәud]

n.密码

n.规则

a rigid  moral code

column ['kɔlәm]

n.罗马柱

n.专栏

featured  a column called “Ask

Marilyn.”

establishment [i'stæbliʃmәnt]

n.建立

n.公司，机构

finance[fai'næns]

n.财政，金融

v.提供资金

The  government will finance the building of

foreign ['fɔrәn]

a.外国的

a.无关的

Unkindness  is foreign to his nature.

oblige [ә'blaidʒ]

v.强迫

v.施恩惠

Please  oblige me by closing the door.

package ['pækidʒ]

n.包裹

n.一揽子

The  government has announced a package of measures

promise ['prɔmis]

v.承诺

n.有希望的

the most  promising players

province ['prɔvins]

n.省

n.领域

the  province of science

reach [ri:tʃ]

v.达到

n.距离

within  reach of the shops

reserved [ri'zә:vd]

a.预订的

a.有保留的

reserved consent

school [sku:l]

n.学校

n.学派

the Dutch school of painting

second ['sekәnd]

a.第二的

v.支持，跟随

spell [spel]

v.拼写

n.一段时间

a long spell of dry weather

pattern ['pætәn]

n.图案，模型

v.模仿

A change in the pattern of his breathing

anchor ['æŋkә]

n.锚

n.主持人

a news anchor at CCTV.

dramatic [drә'mætik]

a.戏剧性的

a.大的，引人注目的

fell dramatically from 2007 to

2008

suit [sju:t]

v.适合

n.法律诉讼

nuisance-lawsuit

obscure [әb'skjuә]

a.模糊的

a.不出名的

The  origin of the custom is obscure

v. 掩盖

The trend in sports, though, maybe obscuring an unrecognized reality: Americans have generally stopped growing. 

roll [rәul]

n.卷

n.名单

call  the roll

raise [reiz]

v.举起

v.饲养

These  families may raise children as their chief occupation

rest [rest]

v.休止

依赖

Our  hopes rest with you.

pedestrian [pi'destriәn]

n.步行者

a.呆板的

He was  rather a pedestrian student

sack [sæk]

n.大麻袋

v.解雇

I'll  get the sack if

packed ['pækit]

a.

塞满，挤满

computer-science  classes are packed to the brim

coin [kɔin]

n.硬币

v.制造

Do not coin terms that are intelligible  to nobody.

scope [skәʋp]

n.视野

n.范围

to widen the organization's

scope of activity.

sentence['sentәns]

n.句子

v.宣判

A military court sentenced him

to death

strike [straik]

n.罢工

v.打击

have struck at least some Times readers

tap [tæp]

n.盖子；水龙头

v.开发

man is able to tap such

resources as oil and metals

venture ['ventʃә]

n.冒险

n.企业

This is a commercial venture.

wage [weidʒ]

n.薪水

v.进行

The North waged war on the

South.

weigh [wei]

n.重量

v.看重

She weighed the ideas in her

mind.

outweigh [aʋt'wei]

v.胜过

financial risks tend to outweigh

political risks.

wing [wiŋ]

n.翅膀

n.侧厅

the west wing of the building

business ['biznis]

n.商业

n.事务

all the daily business has been

promptly dealt with

chip [tʃip]

n.薯片

n.芯片

A new chip has been successfully  trial-produced.

consequence ['kɔnsikwәns]

n.结果

n.意义

Is it of any consequence to you?

cushion ['kuʃәn]

n.软垫

v.缓冲

Nothing can cushion the blow.

pad [pæd]

n.平板

v.拉长

to pad out one's speech

digest ['didʒest]

v.消化

n.文摘

v.摘要

I read only this digest of the

novel.

film [film]

n.电影

n.薄膜

a film of oil on water

duty ['dju:ti; 'du:ti]

n.职责

n.税

Import duties still average 30%

impose [im'pәuz]

v.强加

v.征税

New duties were imposed on  wines and spirits.

drug [drʌɡ]

n.药

n.毒品

She was sure Leo was taking

drugs

immune [i'mju:n]

a.免疫的

a.豁免的

defendants are immune from

trial by their peers

invite ['invait]

v.邀请

v.吸引

literally ['litәrәli]

adv.字面上

adv.真实地

The views are literally

breath-taking.

live [laiv]

v.生活

a.现场直播的

It wasn't a recorded show; it was live.

philosophy [fi'lɔsәfi]

n.哲学

n.世界观

there was a very basic similarity in our  philosophy

parallel ['pærәlel]

n.平行线

a.相似的

her daily life parallels mine.

practice ['præktis]

n.实践

n.惯例

according to the international

practice

royalty ['rɔiәlti]

n.皇室

n.版税

should I send you your royalty

payment?

command[kә'mɑ:nd]

v.命令

v.掌握

She has a good command of the

French language

demand [di'mɑ:nd]

v.要求

n.需求

because of the big drop in

demand

pick pace

加快步伐

Expect the Chinese space

programme to pick up pace

going forward.

even ['i:vәn]

adv.甚至

a.平均

time can be evenly split for

reading and business

jump [dʒʌmp]

v.跳

v./n.增长

There was a big jump in the

number

extraction [ik'strækʃ(ә)n]

n.抽出，拔出

n.血统

an American of Russian

extraction

performance [pә'fɔ:mәns]

n.表演

n.成绩，性能

When there is rapid

improvement in the price and

performance of technology

rosy ['rәʋzi]

a.玫瑰色的

美好的充满希望的

To be sure, the future is not all

rosy

当然，未来并非尽善尽美