ARTICLE · 1137850
考研英语一翻译真题2010年
文章来源:《沙乡年鉴》|主题:生态伦理保护
篇章特点:大量定语从句、同位语从句、抽象名词;熟词僻义集中,是公认翻译难度大年
(46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.
句子拆分:
主干+ 伴随状语 + 同位语从句(内嵌条件状语从句)
主干:Scientists jumped to the rescue
状语:with some distinctly shaky evidence
同位语:to the effect that … 解释evidence内容
✅【阅卷采分点(满分2分)】
1. jump to the rescue 译出含义(0.5分)
2. distinctly shaky evidence 准确翻译(0.5分)
3. to the effect that 译为“大意是/内容为”(0.5分)
4. eat us up / fail to control 语义通顺(0.5分)
核心词汇
jump to the rescue 急忙出面补救;
shaky adj. 不可靠的,站不住脚的;
to the effect that 大意是;
fail to do 未能做
❌典型易错点
1. jump to the rescue直译为“跳去营救”(生硬直译,扣分)
2. shaky翻译成“摇晃的”,只形容实物,不能形容证据
3. to the effect that漏译,直接把从句当成目的状语
4. them指代insects,不少考生错译成birds
参考译文:科学家们急忙拿出一些明显缺乏说服力的证据进行辩解,大意是:如果鸟类无法控制昆虫,昆虫将会吞噬人类。
(47) But we have at least drawn nearer the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.
句子拆分:
主句+ that宾语从句;as短语作状语,regardless of引导让步状语
✅【阅卷采分点(2分)】
1. drawn nearer the point of admitting(0.5)
2. intrinsic right 固有权利(0.5)
3. as a matter of intrinsic right 语序合理(0.5)
4. regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage(0.5)
核心词汇
intrinsic adj. 内在的,固有的;
regardless of 不管,无论;
presence or absence 有无
❌典型易错点
1. draw nearer the point生硬翻译“靠近一个点”,不会意译为“近乎达成共识”
2. as a matter of intrinsic right拆分混乱;
3. presence or absence直译“存在或不存在”,译文啰嗦
参考译文:但我们至少近乎达成一种共识:无论鸟类能否为我们带来经济收益,它们都拥有继续生存的固有权利。
(48) Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless species”.
句子拆分:
固定句型Time was when…;两个并列同位语从句修饰evidence
✅【阅卷采分点(2分)】
1. Time was when 曾几何时(0.5)
2. overwork the evidence(0.5)
3. game n.猎物【熟词僻义,重中之重】(0.5)
4. prey on 捕食(0.5)
核心词汇
overwork v. 过度使用,过分渲染;
game n.猎物(≠游戏);
prey on 捕食
❌典型易错点【全年最高频失分坑】
game几乎所有人误译为“游戏”,直接扣除0.5采分!
overwork译作“过度工作”,不会处理抽象搭配 overwork evidence;
分不清两个that是并列同位语,误以为第二个that修饰the weak。
参考译文:曾几何时,生物学家们过分渲染这样一种证据:这些生物捕食体弱个体以维持猎物种群健康,或是它们只捕食一些“无价值物种”。
(49) In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of the native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.
句子拆分:
where非限定定语从句前置;主句;不定式作补充说明
✅【阅卷采分点(2分)】
1. where定语从句通顺转换(0.5)
2. non-commercial tree species(0.5)
3. native forest community(0.5)
4. within reason 合理地、适度地(0.5)
核心词汇
forestry n.林业;
ecologically adv.生态层面;
within reason 在合理范围内
❌典型易错点
within reason直译为“在理由之内”;
to be preserved as such不知道as such指代前文“群落成员”;
长定语全部堆砌在名词前面,中文语句冗长不通顺。
参考译文:在生态林业更为发达的欧洲,没有商业价值的树种被视作原生森林群落的一员,并得到合理保护。
(50) It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.
句子拆分:
主句插入分隔结构;两个并列that定语从句修饰elements
✅【阅卷采分点(2分)】
1. ignore and eliminate并列动词翻译流畅(0.5)
2. land community 陆地生物群落(0.5)
3. 识别两个并列定语从句(0.5)
4. healthy functioning 良性运转(0.5)
核心词汇
eliminate v.消除,消灭;
functioning n.运转,运作
❌典型易错点
看不懂分隔结构,句子断句错误;
两个but连接的定语从句处理成一句话,逻辑断裂;
its指代land community,指代混淆。
参考译文:这种观念往往会忽视并最终消灭陆地生物群落中许多缺乏商业价值,却对群落良性运转至关重要的物种。
2010翻译考点总结
1. 核心语法考点
同位语从句(3道句子考查)、并列多层定语从句、分隔结构;
2. 词汇难点
大量熟词僻义:game猎物;
抽象名词转化 shaky / functioning;
3. 考场普遍问题
机械直译,不会拆分英文长句;不重视代词、指代关系;
4. 备考启示
遇到evidence, idea, belief优先留意是否存在同位语;生态类文章高频抽象名词务必积累。
注:仅供参考学习。