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练习 43 阅读理解＋应用文写作
授课提示：对应学生用书108页
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2024·福建省练习卷 应用文 285词 ★★★☆☆
Many of the top museums and cultural attractions in L．A. are your best choices if you visit
Los Angeles. From ancient artifacts to modern art, read on for our guide in Los Angeles.
Museum of Latin American Art: Founded in 1996, it is the only art museum in the
United States devoted to modern and contemporary Latin American art. Since its beginning, it has
doubled its size, added a 15 ，000squarefoot sculpture garden and expanded its permanent
collection, ranging from works by Tamayo and Matta to CruzDiez, Los Carpinteros and Tunga.
Free admission every Sunday.
Autry Museum of the American West: Located in Griffith Park, the Autry features
worldclass galleries filled with Native American art and artifacts, film memorabilia, historic
firearms and more. The Autry's collection of more than 500，000 pieces of art and artifacts
includes the Southwest Museum of the American Indian Collection, one of the largest and most
significant collections of Native American materials in the country. Free admission on the second
Tuesday of every month.
Descanso Gardens: Located in La Canada Flintridge, the 160acre Descanso Gardens was
originally developed in 1936 by Elias Manchester Boddy, whose numerous interests included hort-
iculture and politics. Descanso Gardens offers numerous areas for exploring, including a Japanese
tea garden, waterwise garden, Oak Woodland, California Garden, and the world's largest collection
of camellia flowers. Free admission on the third Tuesday of every month.
Kidspace Children's Museum: Founded in 1979 by members of the Caltech
community and Junior League of Pasadena, the museum develops the potential of all kids
through kiddriven experiences, inspiring them to become joyful, active learners. Admission to the
museum is free on First Fridays.
1．What is special about Museum of Latin American Art?
A.It has a very long history.
B．It has been continuously enlarged.
C．It owns Native American artifacts.
D．It offers a wide range of exploration.
答案与解析：B 理解具体信息。根据第二段的“Since its beginning...Los Carpinteros
and Tunga”可知，拉丁美洲艺术博物馆自成立以来便不断扩大，故B项正确。
2．Which of the following helps to promote initiative?
A.Museum of Latin American Art.
B．Autry Museum of the American West.C．Descanso Gardens.
D．Kidspace Children's Museum.
答案与解析：D 理解具体信息。根据最后一段的“the museum develops the
potential...active learners”可知，儿童空间博物馆通过以儿童为主导的体验开发所有孩子的潜
力，鼓励他们成为快乐的、积极的学习者。据此可知，儿童空间博物馆促进了孩子们的潜
力开发，并鼓励他们成为积极、快乐的学习者，故D项正确。
3．What do the museums and the gardens have in common?
A．They take up large areas.
B．They have diverse cultures.
C．They collect artworks permanently.
D．They offer free admission regularly.
答案与解析：D 理解具体信息。通读全文可知，每个介绍的最后一句都说明了定期
免费入场的信息，据此可知，这四个地点的共同之处是可以定期免费入场，故D项正确。
B
2024·广东高考模拟 说明文 342词 ★★★☆☆
A new study has found that a child's reading speed can be improved by simply increasing the
space between letters within a piece of text. The research, led by Dr Steven Stagg of Anglia
Ruskin University (ARU), examined the benefits of letter spacing and coloured overlays (颜色标
注) among children.
Two groups of children, dyslexic (有阅读障碍的) and nondyslexic children,
were asked to read four texts with either standard or extralarge letter spacing, both with and
without a coloured overlay. They were instructed to read the text out loud while being recorded.
The recording was used to measure the number of errors they made—specifically missed words,
added words, wrong words, and pronunciation—as well as the participants' reading time.
The study discovered that the text with increased space between letters provided benefits
for both groups. On average, the dyslexic group showed a 13% increase in reading speed, while
the group of nondyslexic children showed a 5% increase. In addition to improving reading speed,
it also resulted in a significant decline in the number of words missed by the children with
dyslexic. However, the study found that coloured overlays had no significant impact on reading
speed or the reduction of errors for either group.
Dr Stagg, Senior Lecturer in Psychology at ARU, said, “We believe extralarge
letter spacing works by reducing what is known as the ‘crowding effect’， which can
hamper the recognition of letters and reduce reading speed.”
“Our findings strongly suggest that teachers can be confident that all children would be
helped by increased letter spacing in reading materials，” Dr Stagg added. “While we
found that coloured overlays provided few benefits, we suggest children should be encouraged to
use overlays if they find these help their reading. Coloured overlays may not increase reading
speeds, but they may extend reading stamina (持久力). Previous research suggests their benefits
may not become apparent if reading time is less than 10 minutes and the short reading duration of
the tests in our study may have put coloured overlays at a disadvantage.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，增加一篇文章中字母之间的
间隔可以提高孩子的阅读速度。
4．Which of the following best describes the research process in Paragraph 2?A. Illustrate, group and report.
B. Read, instruct and measure.
C. Question, assume and prove.
D. Categorize, record and count.
答案与解析：D 理解具体信息。本题问“下面哪一项最好地描述了第二段中的研究
过程？”根据题干信息，将答案定位在第二段。研究人员首先将学生分为有阅读障碍的一
组和没有阅读障碍的一组，然后他们被要求在录音的同时大声朗读课文，最后这段录音被
用来测量两组学生所犯错误的数量以及参与者的阅读时间，由此可知，第二段的研究过程
为分类、录音和计数，故选D。
5．What can we learn about increased letter spacing from Paragraph 3 ?
A. It reduces reading errors.
B. It sharpens reading skills.
C. It arouses reading interest.
D. It enhances reading comprehension.
答案与解析：A 理解具体信息。根据第三段的第三句话可知，加大字母间距不仅可
以提高阅读速度，而且可以明显减少患有阅读障碍的儿童遗漏的单词数量，即阅读错误，
故选A。
6．What does the underlined word “hamper” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Obtain. B. Prevent.
C. Change. D. Involve.
答案与解析：B 理解词汇。根据上文可知，加大的字母间距可以通过减少所谓的
“拥挤效应”来发挥作用，从而减少阅读错误，因此画线词所在句子指“拥挤效应”会阻
碍字母的识别，降低阅读速度，故画线词意为“阻碍”，与B项的词义最为接近。
7．What can be inferred about coloured overlays from Paragraph 5 ?
A. They might not have been evaluated fairly.
B. They might not be recommended by experts.
C. They might work better in short reading.
D. They might have some disadvantages.
答案与解析：A 推断。根据第五段中的“Previous research suggests their benefits may
not become apparent... may have put coloured overlays at a disadvantage”可知，如果阅读时间
少于10分钟，颜色标注的好处可能不会显现出来，而研究中测试的短阅读时间可能会使颜
色标注处于不利地位。由此可知，颜色标注可能没有得到公平的评估，故选A。
Ⅱ.应用文写作
[2024·广东广州调研]学校英语俱乐部正在开展以“Ways to Relieve Stress”为题的讨论。
请根据图表中的调查结果写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1．简述调查结果；
2．评价并提出建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Ways to Relieve Stress
Recently a survey was carried out about ways to relieve stress.
________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version 1：
Ways to Relieve Stress
Recently a survey was carried out about ways to relieve stress. The majority of the
respondents watched videos or listened to music to relax. Comparatively, only a small number of
students chose exercise or talking to others.
While videos and music are fun, spending too much time on them may cause us to ignore
more important things. There are actually better options available. For example, doing exercise or
talking with friends not only relieves stress but also brings us closer.
So, if we feel stressed, it's useful to try different ways to relax which can help both our
body and mind. That's all. Thank you!
One possible version 2：
Ways to Relieve Stress
Recently a survey was carried out about ways to relieve stress. Surprisingly, four fifths
of the respondents regarded watching videos as their preferred way to ease stress, closely followed
by listening to music. In contrast，only a small percent of individuals chose sports or chatting
with others.
While videos and music offer amusement and fascination ，excessive indulgence may
distract our attention from our studies and daily lives. On the contrary, not only does participating
in sports promote physical wellbeing, but communicating with our friends and parents can also
provide comfort.
Therefore, I suggest that we adopt a combination of stressrelief methods, prioritizing thosethat enhance both our physical and mental health. Thank you for listening!
答题策略
语法填空——定语从句
定语从句题的解题步骤(1)
But my connection with pandas goes back to my
days on a TV show in the mid1980s，________
例题 I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to
film a special unit caring for pandas rescued
from starvation in the wild.
步骤
确定先行词the mid1980s指物，从that,
① which, whose, when, why, where中选择(见上
一个答题策略表格)
确定the mid1980s在从句中作时间状语，故
②
用when引导定语从句
答案,when 先行词the mid1980s表示时间，且在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词
when引导定语从句
