文档内容
姓名： 班级
Unit 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
3.1 Reading and Thinking
一、基础巩固
I．单词拼写
1. The newcomers were shocked s________ (震惊)at the terrible working conditions.
2. The consultant was busy studying the c________(详尽的)report then.
3. Oil pollution could damage the ________ (生态学)of the coral reefs.
4. There is a growing ________(趋势)towards earlier retirement in that country.
5. The boy will try his best to s________(抓住) the golden chance to go abroad.
6. The house should be h________ (适合居住的)by the new year.
7. Generally speaking，having small children tends to ________(限制) your freedom.
8. The bad news is that the ice has begun to ________(融化) as a result of global warming.
9. His comments are bound to add ________ (燃料) to the debate.
10. There is ________ (遍及全球的) concern about the destruction of the rainforests.
1.shocked 2.comprehensive 3.ecology 4.trend 5.seize
6.habitable 7.restrict 8.melt 9.fuel 10.worldwide
II.单句语法填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The smell ________(release) from the hole made us a little sick.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂2．The thieves ________ (seize) by the policemen were taken to the police station.
3．The government placed ________(restrict) on sales of weapons.
4．I used to go to that old temple ________(frequent) as a child.
5．China will remain a large and ________(sustain) consumer of raw materials.
6．Thousands of men,women and children there are facing ________ (starve) now.
7．Poetry is an interesting form of writing. It is very free, has few _______(restrict) and can be a great way
to express feelings.
8．David admitted that his car crashed into his neighbor's garden and promised to take responsibility
________that.
9．It remains ________ (see) whether online teaching will replace traditional classroom teaching.
10．I have checked your homework, and you seem ________ (make) a mistake here.
1.released 2.seized 3.restrictions 4.frequently 5.sustainable 6.starvation 7.restrictions 8.for
9.to be seen 10.to have made
III.短语填空
starve for ;in search of ; as a result;in effect;sensitive to;
on behalf of; on average; refer to; be restricted;
1. Children all ___________love and friendship.
2. My teeth are very________ cold food.
3. There is about 400mm rainfall in this area a year ___________.
4. The new salary scale only ___________ company managers and directors.
5. Alice overslept this morning. ___________, she was late for work.
6. Favorable policies are ___________to encourage employees' professional development.
7. I feel honored to deliver a speech here_____________all the students of our school.
8. Many people are forced to move from one city to another __________ better jobs or good opportunities for
advancement.
9. The crop scientists found that the varieties of wheat_______not only by the of soil but also by the climate.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂10. The students taking the national college entrance examination in Henan _______ about 1.25 million this
year.
1.starve for 2.sensitive to 3.on average 4.refers to; 5. As a result;
6.in effect 7.on behalf of; 8.in search of 9.were restricted 10.amount to
IV.句子翻译
1. 怀特先生和他的两个儿子都喜欢足球，他们经常去看足球比赛。
Mr White_______________________, and they often go to watch football matches.
2.我们每个人都应为海洋的健康和安全负责。
Every one of us should ________________________ the health and safety of the oceans.
2. 那位老人似乎摔断了腿。马上叫救护车!
The old man__________________________. Call the ambulance immediately!
4.就在那时，我赶快抓住机会表达我的一些观点。
Just then, I quickly ___________________________to present some ideas of my own. (seize)
5.许多房子毁于飓风中。因此，灾民们只能住在临时住所中。
Many houses were destroyed in the hurricane.________________________, the victims had to live in the
temporary shelters.(consequence)
6.该地区一直缺乏水资源，这个电视节目使得该问题受到了人们的关注。
The area____________________, and the TV program has brought the problem to public attention.
7.You may have to __________________ if you park your car in the wrong place.
你如果停车停错了地方，就可能要缴200元的罚款。
8. 如果老板进来时很生气，不要告诉他顾客的投诉，这只会火上浇油。
_____________________________________________________________________
1. along with his two sons is fond of football
2. take responsibility for
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂3. appears to have broken his leg
4. seized the chance/opportunity
5. As a consequence/In consequence
6.has been starved of/for water
7.pay a fine of 200 yuan
8. If the boss is angry when he comes in, don't tell him about the customers’ complaints, which will just
add fuel to the fire/flames.
V．课文语法填空.
In recent years, climate change has had a great impact 1.________ the animals. In 2013, the whole
world 2.________ (shock) at a news photo of a dead polar bear on Norway's Arctic island of Svalbard. Due
to the increase in temperature, the polar bear seemed 3.________(die) from lack of food.
According to climate scientists, a key climate process, 4.________ is called the “greenhouse
effect”，includes the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “manmade” greenhouse effect. The former refers
to the fact that heat from the sun 5.________ (enter) the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface.
Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap some of the heat, 6.________ (keep) Earth's climate warm and
habitable. However, the latter has become7.________ big problem. When people burn fossil fuels, more
heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth's surface temperature to rise 8.________
(quick)．
The evidence shows that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural
9.________ (disaster) worldwide. Climate scientists warn that this warming trend will become
10.________ (bad) if we do not take appropriate measures. The severe situation requires people all over the
world to pay more attention to it, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.
1．on 2.was shocked 3.to have died 4.which 5.enters 6.keeping 7.a 8.quickly 9.disasters
10.worse
1.on。考查介词。have an impact on sth.为常见搭配，表示"对某物有影响"，故填on。
2.were shocked。考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。根据时间状语"In 2013"可知，此处应用一般过
去时;主语 a large quantity of people与shock 之间是动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态;a large
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂quantity of后跟集体名词作主语表示复数意义时，谓语动词用复数形式，故空处填 were shocked。
3.to have died。考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，这头北极熊的死亡（die）早于谓语动词所表示的
动作之前，因此用不定式的完成式。
4.which。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，"_4 is called the greenhouse effec'"为非限制性定语从
句，修饰先行词a key clinate process，指物，故填 which。
5.enters。考查时态与主谓一致。由上下文语境可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时;分析句
子结构可知，空处对应的主语为heat，是不可数名词，故填enters。
6.keeping。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为ving短语作结果状语，故填keeping。
7.a。考查冠词。由句意可知，此处表示"人为"温室效应已经成为一个大问题，表泛指，且 big的发
音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
8.quickly。考查副词。空处修饰动词 rise，因此用quick的副词形式。
9.disasters。考查名词的数。此处 disaster表示"灾害，灾难"，为可数名词，且其前无限定词，故用
其复数形式。
10.worse。考查形容词。根据语境及下文的"if we do not take appropriate measures"可以推断出，若我
们不采取适当措施，局面会变得更糟，因此用形容词的比较级。
二、拓展提升
I.阅读理解
A
Cool places to stay for cycling adventures
From its dusty eastern reaches to its river valleys and lava (熔岩) flows, Oregon attracts adventure-
hungry bicyclists. And the Oregon Scenic Bikeways program makes it easy to explore. So point your
wheels down one of these routes chosen to highlight a variety of landscapes, skill levels and distances.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂Willamette Valley Scenic Bikeway
It's exciting: riding past fields of world-class hops, rolling along hills dotted with rows of wine grapes,
leaning your bike outside a small cafe at a rural crossroads for a strong cup of coffee. The bounty
of Oregon is on full display as you cycle the nation's first scenic bikeway, 134 miles down a river valley
snaking between the Coast Range and Cascade Range.
Old West Scenic Bikeway
The 174-mile Old West Scenic Bikeway weaves through rangeland, along rushing rivers and toward
an unending desert. And around these parts, folks are known for their put-your-feet-up hospitality (热情).
Cascade Siskiyou Scenic Bikeway
This 55-mile route starts and ends in Ashland and includes 5, 000 feet of climbing. From town, you
climb through tropical grassland into deep forests. Stay in Ashland. Or turn the ride into an overnight ride
and stay in a cabin in the woods.
McKenzie Pass Scenic Bikeway
This 38-mile route climbs through a forest to a 65-square-mile lava flow with 360-degree views of the
Cascadian Volcanoes. The 25-mile, 4, 000-foot descent ( 坡道) to the McKenzie River has brake-burning
turns through the forest. Professional tip: The McKenzie Highway is closed during the winter, but for
several weeks before it opens to cars in the spring, the road is only managed for non-motorized use.
21. Which is the first scenic bikeway in the USA?
A. Old West Scenic Bikeway.
B. McKenzie Pass Scenic Bikeway.
C. Cascade Siskiyou Scenic Bikeway.
D. Willamette Valley Scenic Bikeway.
22. What is special about the Old West Scenic Bikeway?
A. It is the shortest.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂B. It offers bicyclists desert scenery.
C. It is located beside the Cascadian Volcanoes.
D. It discourages riders because of unfriendly locals.
23. What should travelers know about McKenzie Pass Scenic Bikeway?
A. It is closed in winter.
B. It is inaccessible by car.
C. It is easy for bicyclists of all levels.
D. It is famous for cabins in the woods.
主题语境：人与自然——自然生态
本文是应用文。文章介绍了俄勒冈州的四条自行车骑行路线。
21. D。细节理解题。根据Willamette Valley Scenic Bikeway部分中的The bounty of Oregon is on full
display as you cycle the nation's first scenic bikeway可知，Willamette Valley Scenic Bikeway是美国的
第一条自行车骑行路线。
22. B。细节理解题。根据Old West Scenic Bikeway部分中的The 174-mile Old West Scenic
Bikeway ... toward an unending desert可知，这条路线的特殊之处在于它途中的沙漠景观。
23. A。细节理解题。根据McKenzie Pass Scenic Bikeway部分中的The McKenzie Highway is closed
during the winter可知，这条路线在冬季封闭。
B
Our warming world may be impacting on where birds show up during the winter. Scientists have
found that the resident communities' birds that appear at eastern North America's backyard bird feeders (鸟
食罐) in winter have changed as temperatures have increased.
For the average birdwatcher, seeing cardinals (红衣凤头鸟), chipping sparrows or Carolina
wrens visiting their backyard bird feeders is nothing_out_of_the_ordinary. But in this warming world,
these and other warmadapted species have greatly expanded their wintering range, a change that may have
unforeseen consequences for North American ecosystems, according to the University of Wisconsin-
Madison wildlife biologists Benjamin Zuckerberg and Karine Prince.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂In a newspaper published in the journal Global Change Biology, Zuckerberg and Prince analyzed
more than two decades of data on 38 species of birds gathered by thousands of citizen scientists.
“Fifty years ago, cardinals were rare in the northeastern United States，” Zuckerberg explained in a
press release. “Carolina wrens even more so.”
The scientists measured the changes over time in the abundance of 38 bird species at feeders in
eastern North America. More specifically, they examined the influence of changes in the winter minimum
temperature over a 22year period on the flocks of birds that gathered at backyard feeding stations.
“We've been able to prove in past studies that species are shifting in response to the climate
change，”Zuckerberg said. “This study records changes in the community structure. If you have a species
coming into a new area, it can change the composition of the community.”
And with climate models predicting temperatures to warm even more over the next century, milder
winters with less snow could become normal, so we don't even recognize the bird species in our backyards
any more.
24．What's the main idea of the passage?
A．The warming world changes the homes of some birds.
B．North America sees fewer birds in winter.
C．The warming world leads to birds disappearing.
D．People can enjoy various kinds of birds at home.
25．What does the underlined part mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Strange. B．Common. C．Convenient. D．Exciting.
26．By observing the bird species at feeders it is found that ________.
A．there are 38 bird species living in North America
B．there are 22 packs of birds gathering in the backyard
C．species are changing places according to the climate change
D．Carolina wrens have been used to the cold weather
27．In what section of a web can we read the passage?
A．Advertisement. B．Economy. C．Science. D．Environment.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂【语篇解读】 随着全球变暖，在北美东部人们发现了以前很少会见到的鸟类。生物学家称物
种正在随着气候的变化进行迁移。
24．答案与解析：A 考查主旨大意。根据文章内容尤其是第一段可知，随着全球变暖，在北
美东部人们发现了以前很少见到的鸟类，说明鸟类的栖息地随着气候的变化而改变。故选A项。
25．答案与解析：B 考查词义猜测。根据文中的“the average birdwatcher”及画线部分后的句
子可知，对一般的鸟类观察者来说，看到这些鸟是没有什么特别之处的。故选B项。
26．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据文章第六段中的“species are shifting in response to
the climate change”可知，物种在随着气候的变化而迁移。故选C项。
27．答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。文章主要讲述了气候变暖对鸟类栖息地的影响，与环境
有关。故选D项。
II.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Carter Ries is 16 years old and has been running the non-profit organisation, One More Generation,
with his sister Olivia since 2009. Together these two young change-makers are working to 41 youth
around the world to stand up, be heard, and 42 the planet.
Carter said in a 2017 interview, “My sister and I have been doing this for the last eight years and not
once have we wanted to 43 One More Generation. There have been arguments and stress, but the reason
we continue to 44 is that we motivate each other.
“Olivia and I go around the world 45 youth groups about the need to save our planet — and so far we
have 46 shown many of these groups that anything is possible if you are 47 to work at it.
“We have created many campaigns — such as our Plastic and Recycling Awareness Week
program — where we teach students how they can learn to help our environment. Another 48 is our Rhino
(犀牛) Letter Writing Campaign, where we got over 10,000 kids from around the world to 49 letters to the
South African government, asking them to 50 rhino poaching ( 偷猎). Not only did this show the South
African government that people around the world 51 , it also showed the youth that they had a voice
of 52 and can use it on the go. The most 53 thing, however, is getting them to believe that.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂“We recently launched a global OneLessStraw Pledge Campaign — highlighting the effects of global
straw 54 on animals and the environment. We want to deliver a strong 55 , ‘Anybody can make a
difference ... if we can, so can you!’”
41. A. employ B. inspire C. remind D. force
42. A. explore B. study C. preserve D. observe
43. A. quit B. lose C. finish D. choose
44. A. stand by B. push on C. show off D. slow down
45. A. questioning B. warning C. asking D. teaching
46. A. gradually B. finally C. successfully D. fortunately
47. A. afraid B. willing C. free D. unable
48. A. experience B. struggle C. example D. research
49. A. write B. deliver C. edit D. bring
50. A. photograph B. introduce C. document D. stop
51. A. doubted B. noticed C. suffered D. cared
52. A. change B. reason C. truth D. authority
53. A. embarrassing B. interesting C. enjoyable D. difficult
54. A. purchase B. prohibition C. usage D. transportation
55. A. suggestion B. message C. topic D. lecture
主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事
本文是记叙文。16岁的Carter Ries和妹妹Olivia发起很多保护环境的宣传运动，激励全世界的
年轻人保护环境、保护我们的地球。
41. B。42. C。由该段中的youth around the world to stand up, be heard, and ... the planet和第三段中的
save our planet以及下文中对Carter Ries和Olivia发起很多保护环境的宣传运动，教育学生如何去保
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂护环境的描述可知，Carter Ries和Olivia致力于“激励（inspire）”全世界的年轻人站起来，去发
声“保护（preserve）”我们的地球。
43. A。由该空前的not once have we wanted和下文中的There have been arguments and stress, but the
reason we continue to ... motivate each other 可知，Carter 说他和妹妹 Olivia 从未想过要“停止
（quit）”One More Generation的运动。
44. B。由上下文的描述以及该空前的but可知，Carter和Olivia在整个过程中有争论，有压力，但
是他们还是继续“前进（push on）”。
45. D。由第四段中的where we teach students how they can learn to help our environment可知，Carter
和Olivia环游世界，向年轻团体“传授（teaching）”拯救地球的必要性。
46. C。47. B。由下文的描述可知，Carter和Olivia已经“成功地（successfully）”向很多年轻团体
展示了只要你“愿意（willing）”努力，任何事都是有可能的。
48. C。由上文中的We have created many campaigns以及such as our Plastic and Recycling Awareness
Week program可知，此处是Carter举的另外一个“例子（example）”。
49. A。由上文中的Rhino Letter Writing Campaign可知，在该宣传运动中，Carter和Olivia让来自世
界各地的一万名孩子给南非政府“写（write）”信。
50. D。根据常识再结合该空后的rhino poaching可知，这项运动旨在让南非政府“制止（stop）”
犀牛偷猎活动。
51. D。由上下文的描述可知，这一运动向南非政府表明全世界的人民都“关心（cared）”犀牛的
生存状况。
52. A。由上文中的change-makers以及Carter和Olivia激励年轻人站出来发声来保护地球可知，这
一运动也向年轻人表明他们可以为“改变（change）”发声。
53. D。由该空后的however, is getting them to believe that可知，然而，最“困难的（difficult）”事
是让年轻人相信这一点。
54. C。由上文中的OneLessStraw Pledge Campaign以及该空后的on animals and the environment可知，
这一运动的目的是让人们认识到全球吸管的“使用（usage）”对动物和环境的影响。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂55. B。由该空前的deliver以及该空后的‘Anybody can make a difference ... if we can, so can you!’可
知，这是Carter和Olivia想传递的“信息（message）”。
III.七选五
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I
jump? ”This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of
same coin. 1 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
2 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to
evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc.
Only then should you set your goals.
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is
directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 3 So,
slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you
move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in
mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 4 They also need to be
measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t
become one because your eyesight is not good enough.
5 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot
overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of
setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself?
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
【文章大意】作者通过文章主要向我们描述了动机和目标设定是同一硬币的两面, 一定要好好把握。
1. 【解析】选G。根据前面的句子“动机和目标的设置是一个问题的两个方面”, 和前面的实例:
跳水板上的孩子由于缺少动机不能决定跳还是不跳。可知中间的句子会提到没有了动机会出现的结
果。
2. 【解析】选B。根据More than that以及后面的问句“你应该如何保持动力来实现目标”可推知
前面应该是一个关于如何让你有动力这样的问题。
3. 【解析】选A。前面提到“你的心不在你的工作上”以及So后提出的解决方法, 可推知中间应
该提到前面问题带来的不好的影响这样的内容。
4. 【解析】选E。根据前面的句子“记住: 目标是灵活的”可知它们是可以根据情况变化的。
5. 【解析】选C。前面提到“由于视力不好, 原来的当飞行员的目标实现不了”这样的令人沮丧的
情况, 后面又提到重新评估你的目标, 可推知中间一句应该提到前面的情况不应该影响你。
IV. 微写作
结合本单元主题，使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇50词左右的短文。
1．每天在珠江边散步的时候，我经常看到江面漂着大量的垃圾和排放物。
2．这些东西破坏了我们居住的环境。
3．政府要采取措施，约束这些破坏生态的行为。
4．我代表爱护环境的朋友们告诉那些喜欢乱扔垃圾的人：只要我们注意，我们就可以创造一
个美丽和谐的环境。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂5．毫无疑问，大家都能够从我做起，爱护地球。
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One possible version：
Walking along the Pearl River every day, I frequently see a lot of garbage and emissions floating
on the river.These things destroy the habitable environment.The government should take measures to
restrict these behaviors that destroy the ecology.On behalf of my friends who care for the environment, I
tell those who like littering that as long as we pay attention, we can create a beautiful and harmonious
environment.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂
