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北京 101 中学 2020 届上学期初中九年级开学摸底考试英语试卷
听力部分
听后选择
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有两个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中
选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
请听一段对话，完成第1至第2小题。
1. How many English classes will Linda have tomorrow?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
2. What will Linda read in English classes?
A. English newspapers. B. English magazines. C. English storybooks.
请听一段对话，完成第3至第4小题。
3. What does the man want to buy?
.
A A hat. B. A shirt. C. A sweater.
4. How much should the man pay?
A. 25 dollars. B. 30 dollars. C. 35 dollars.
请听一段对话，完成第5至第6小题。
5. How long has Nancy been watching TV?
A. For a whole night. B. For a whole day. C. For a whole weekend.
6. What will Nancy do tomorrow?
A. Go over her lessons and do some housework.
B. Do her homework and do some housework.
C. Go over her lessons and do her homework.
请听一段独白，完成第7至第8小题。
7. What should we create in our mind when we remember something?
A. A story. B. A song. C. A picture.
8. How can we exercise our mind?
A. By listening to music. B. By keeping thinking. C. By doing sports.
听后回答
听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，回答下列问题。每段对话你将听两遍。
9. Where is Jack now?___________________________________________________________
10. When will the man's party be?
___________________________________________________________
11. Why does Tom like basketball better?
___________________________________________________________
12. What was Dave doing when there was an earthquake?
___________________________________________________________
听对话，记录关键信息。对话你将听两遍。
请根据所听到的对话内容和提示词语，将所缺的关键信息填写在相应位置上。
How to Keep Healthy
● Have healthy eating habits.
First ● Eat more vegetables and fruits, less junk food.
● Drink eight 13 of water every day.
● Take exercise to keep us 14 and strong.
Second
● Do sports 15 times a week.
● Go to bed early and get up early.
Third
● Get about eight hours’ sleep a night.
● Be 16 .
Last ● Listen to 17 music.
● Talk with your friends and family.
单项填空
1.Mr. Green is very friendly and we all like ________.
A. him B. her C. me D. you
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意“格林先生非常友好，我们都喜欢他”。
A.他（人称代词宾格）；B.她（人称代词宾格），她的（形容词性物主代词）；C.我（人称代词宾格）；
D.你，你们（人称代词主格和宾格）。空位于like后，用宾格，且根据Mr. Green可知，表示男性，用
him，故选A。2.-Happy birthday, Kate. Here's a gift ________ you.
- Thank you so much.
A. with B. in C. for D. from
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意“-凯特，生日快乐，这是给你的礼物。-非常感谢”。
本题考查介词。A.和，带有（表示伴随）；B.在……里；C.为了；D.来自。根据句意可知，表示“给你的
礼物”，用for，故选C。
3.Work hard, ________ you can't get a better grade in the test.
A. or B. so C. but D. and
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意“努力学习，否则你将不会在考试中得到更好的成绩”。
A.否则，或者；B.所以（表示因果）；C.但是（表示转折）；D.和，并且（表示顺承）。根据句意可知，
“努力学习”与“不会取得好成绩”之间用or“否则”，即“祈使句+or+句子”结构。故选A。
4.-________ are your family going this summer holiday?
-To Dalian. We'll stay there for a week.
A. Why B. When C. How D. Where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意“-你的家人这个暑假打算去哪里？-去大连，我们将会在那里待一周”。
A.为什么（问原因）；B.什么时候（问时间）；C.如何，怎样（问方式）；D.在哪里（问地点）。根据To
Dalian“去大连”可知，问地点，用where，故选D。
5.This room is ________ than that one, but it's beautiful.
A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest
【答案】B
【解析】【详解】句意“这个房间比那个小，但是它漂亮”。
A.形容词的原级；B.形容词的比较级；C.形容词的最高级；D.形容词的最高级。根据空后than可知，用比
较级，故选B。
6.-Hi, Tom! What did you do yesterday?
- I _________ chess with my grandpa.
A. play B. plays C. playing D. played
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意“-你好，汤姆，你昨天做什么了？-我和我的祖父下棋”。
A.一般现 在时；B.一般现在时；C.形式错误，前可以加be，变成进行时；D.一般过去时。根据yesterday可
知，用一般过去时，故选D。
【点睛】与一般过去时连用的时间状语：just now, ...ago, in 1980, in the past, yesterday, the other day, last
night/week/month...
7. Rose ____________ English since 2002. She’s got a lot of teaching experience.
A. has taught B. will teach
C. teaches D. taught
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意为：罗斯从2000年就开始教英语，她获得了许多教学经验。本题强调的是一个从过去已
经开始，并一直延续到现在，对现在产生某种影响或结果的动作，应用现在完成时。故选A。
考点：考查现在完成时的用法。
8.If I _________ my homework, I will watch the soccer match with you this evening.
A. finish B. will finish C. finishes D. finished
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意“如果我完成了我的作业，今晚我就会和你看足球比赛”。
A.一般现在时；B.一般将来时；C.一般现在时；D.一般过去时。根据“主将从现”原则，if引导的条件状
语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。从句中的主语为I，用finish，故选A。9.When my mother got home, I a book.
A. has read B. will read C. was reading D. read
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：当我妈妈到家的时候，我正在看书。考查动词时态辨析题。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，表
示的是两个同时(或几乎同时)发生的短暂性动作；根据句意语境，可知需用过去进行时，I是单数人称，需
用“was+现在分词（doing）”结构，故选C。
10.-Do you know _________ tomorrow?
-After school in the afternoon.
A. when did Mike come B. when Mike came
C. when will Mike come D. when Mike will come
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意“-你知道明天麦克什么时候来吗？-下午放学后”。
根据空前know可知，空处用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除A和C；且根据tomorrow可知，用
一般将来时，故选D。
完形填空
During my second year at the city college. I was told that the education department was offering a "free"
course (课程) called Thinking Chess for three credits (学分). I jumped at the idea of taking the class because, after
all, who doesn't want to ___11___ a few dollars? More than that, I'd always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I
weren't excited enough about free credits, news about our instructor was appealing enough to me. He was an
international grandmaster (大师), which ___12___ I would be learning from one of the game's best. I could hardly
wait to him.
The instructor Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this meet was no game for
him. He meant business. In his introduction, he made it job real that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to
____13____the class, we had to write a paper on how we plan to ___14___ what we would learn in class to our
future professions and, finally to our lives. I managed to get an A in that ___15___ and learned life lessons thathave served me well beyond the ___16___.
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting to use what he ___17___ me: The most important
___18___ that you learn when you play chess is how to make good ____19____. On every single move you have
to analyze (分析) a situation, process what your opponent (对手) is doing and evaluate (评估) the best move from
among all your choices, these words still ring true today in my ___20___ as a journalist.
11. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay
12. A. support B. demanded C. held D. meant
13. A. attend B. pass C. get D. observe
14. A. protect B. expose C. apply D. compare
15. A. game B. grade C. course D. test
16. A. life B. classroom C. department D. situation
17. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised
18. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill
19. A. grades B. decisions C. progress D. comments
20. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C 16. B 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【分析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述我参加思维国际象棋课程，这对于我的未来的职业以及生活都有很大的帮助
并且教我们如何做好的决定。
【11题详解】
句意“我欣然接受上这个课的主意，因为毕竟谁不想节省一点钱呢？”。
本题考查动词辨析。A.浪费；B.赚；C.节省；D.支付。根据I was told that the education department was
offering a "free" course (课程) called Thinking Chess for three credits “我被告知教育部提供了一个叫做思维国
际象棋的免费课程，三个学分”可知，课程是免费的，所以我可以节省一些钱，故选C。
【12题详解】
句意“他是一名国际大师，这就意味这我能够向这项运动中最好的大师学习”。
本题考查动词辨析。A.支持；B.要求；C.抓住；D.意味着。根据He was an international grandmaster“他是
一名国际大师”可知，这就意味着我能从这项运动中最好的大师学习，故选D。
【13题详解】
句意“为了通过这门课，我们必须写一篇论文，内容是关于我们计划如何将课堂上学到的知识应用到我们未来的职业中，最终应用到我们的生活中”。
本题考查动词辨析。A.参加；B.通过；C.得到；D.观察。根据In his introduction, he made it job real that our
credits would be hard-earned“在他的介绍中，他让我们的学分来之不易变成了现实”可知，表示为了通过
这门课。故选B。
【14题详解】
句意“为了通过这门课，我们必须写一篇论文，内容是关于我们计划如何将课堂上学到的知识应用到我们
未来的职业中，最终应用到我们的生活中”。
本题考查动词辨析。A.保护；B.揭露；C.应用；D.对比。根据句意可知，将我们所学的内容应用到未来的
职业中，apply...to...“将……应用到……”，故选C。
【15题详解】
句意“我在那门课上拿到了A的成绩，也学到了生活的教训，这些教训对我的帮助远远超过了课堂”。
本题考查名词辨析。A.游戏；B.成绩；C.课程；D.考试。根据In order to ____3____the class, we had to write
a paper on how we plan to ___4___ what we would learn in class to our future professions and, finally to our
lives“为了通过这门课，我们必须写一篇论文，内容是关于我们计划如何将课堂上学到的知识应用到我们
未来的职业中，最终应用到我们的生活中”可知，表示“在思维国际象棋这门课中拿到了A的成绩”，故
选C。
【16题详解】
句意“我在那门课上拿到了A的成绩，也学到了生活的教训，这些教训对我的帮助远远超过了课堂”。
本题考查名词辨析。A.生活；B.课堂；C.部门；D情形。根据Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm
still putting to use what he ___7___ me“在和阿什莉上完象棋课十年后，我仍然在运用他教给我的东西”可
知，他教给我的东西远远超过了课堂，故选B。
【17题详解】
句意“在和阿什莉上完象棋课十年后，我仍然在运用他教给我的东西”。
本题考查动词辨析。A.教；B.写；C.询问；D.承诺。根据The most important ___8___ that you learn when
you play chess is how to make good ____9____“当你下象棋时你学到的最重要的技能就是如何做好的决定”
可知，表示“他教给我们的东西”，故选A。
【18题详解】
句意“当你学习下棋时，你学到的最重要的技能就是如何做好的决定”。
本题考查名词辨析。A.事实；B.步骤；C.方式；D.技能。根据how to make good ____9____“如何做好的决
定”可知，这是一个技能，故选D。【19题详解】
句意“当你学习下棋时，你学到的最重要的技能就是如何做好的决定”。
本题考查名词辨析。A.成绩；B.决定；C.进步；D.评论。根据On every single move you have to analyze (分
析) a situation, process what your opponent (对手) is doing and evaluate (评估) the best move from among all your
choices, these words still ring true today in my ___10___ as a journalist“在每一步行动中，你都必须分析形势，
分析对手的行动，并从你的选择中评估出最好的一步。如今这些话在我的新闻工作者的角色中仍然适用”
可知，表示“如何做好决定”。故选B。
【20题详解】
句意“在每一步行动中，你都必须分析形势，分析对手的行动，并从你的选择中评估出最好的一步。如今
这些话在我的新闻工作者的角色中仍然适用”。
本题考查名词辨析。A.角色；B.欲望；C.关注；D.行为。根据空后as a journalist可知，表示的是角色，故
选A。
【点睛】做完型填空时，首先要通读课文，明白主旨大意，然后再做题。做完型时要记住“瞻前顾后想结
果”这一原则，根据上下文以及语境做题，切忌主观臆断。另外，平时还要多多积累词汇。完型填空常考
名词、动词、形容词和副词等辨析。做词义辨析题时，首先要确认四个选项的含义，然后分析语境和逻辑
关系，确定答案。
例如第1题。首先确定四个选项的含义，A.浪费；B.赚；C.节省；D.支付。再根据I was told that the
education department was offering a "free" course (课程) called Thinking Chess for three credits “我被告知教育
部提供了一个叫做思维国际象棋的免费课程，三个学分”可知，课程是免费的，所以我可以节省一些钱，
故选C。
阅读理解
(A)
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A. Two days. B. Four days. C. Five days. D. Eight days.
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A. ￥690. B. ￥669. C. ￥8500. D. ￥16800.
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A. 800-817-7223 B. 800-810-6223 C. 800-830-7288 D. 800-850-8288
24. If you take the 8-Day London Private Tour, you will be able to _________.
A. taste Huaiyang food B. climb A-li Mountain
C. enjoy the view of the Thames D. breathe the fresh air
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C
【解析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述旅行社中4个旅游项目的简介、价格以及联系电话等。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据2-Day Huai'an Culture Group Tour“2日淮安文化组团游”可知，持续两天，故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据4-Day Qingdao Private Tour“4日青岛私人游”中的Tour Price: ￥ 669/person可知，价格
是669元每个人，故选B。【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据go boating in Sun Moon Lake and experience the different cultures of the island“在日月潭上
坐船并体验岛屿上不同的文化”可知，在5-Day Colourful Taiwan Group Tour“5日五彩台湾组团游”中，
根据Call us at 800-850-8288可知，可以拨打800-850-8288。故选D。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据8-Day London Private Tour“8日伦敦私人游”中的enjoy the view of the Thames and visit
such places of interest as Tower Bridge and Big Ben“欣赏泰晤士河的景色，参观塔桥和大本钟等名胜古迹”
可知，可以欣赏泰晤士河的景色，故选C。
(B)
An Unforgettable Day
I had mixed feelings today, nervous, worried, happy, excited...My heart went down when Miss Chen, our head
teacher, said that Matthew and Beth, two students from England, would spend three months with us! I was worried
that I had to speak English so much! But at the end of the school day, I was happier than I thought because the
morning with them today was more enjoyable than I expected.
Today is the most unforgettable first day I have had! Matthew is fantastic! His English is clearer and easier to
listen to than I thought. The other English student, Beth, is the most helpful girl I've ever met. There were lots of
things to do on the first day. Beth offered to help Miss Chen put up all the notices. Of course, some of the credit(功
劳)should also go to ME because I translated(翻译) some of the notices for her. Miss Chen praised us!
We finished all the preparations 10 minutes earlier than expected, then Beth and I talked for a while. Matthew
sang several English songs and did some stand-up comedy at the party. We all praised him. When the bell rang to
end the first school day, none of us wanted to leave.
,
When I went back home I had a little headache. I have probably spoken more English today than the whole of
last year.
It was really a happy day! I hope our friendship can continue, even after they go back to England!
25. The writer felt _________ when he heard the news from Miss Chen.
A. excited B. angry C. worried D. embarrassed
26. Beth helped Miss Chen with the _________.
A. comedy B. speeches C. notices D. translation
27. Matthew and Beth _________ on the first day.A. spoke much Chinese B. got lots of praise
C. had a little headache D. forgot to leave the school
28. From the passage, we know that the writer _________.
A. caught a bad cold that day B. went back home with Beth
C. expects to travel to England D. likes the two English students
【答案】25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D
【解析】
【分析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述我的班级来了两个外国学生，之前我比较担心，担心自己听不懂他们的话，
但是相处了一天之后，我由担心变成了开心，我们建立了友谊。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据when Miss Chen, our head teacher, said that Matthew and Beth, two students from England,
would spend three months with us! I was worried that I had to speak English so much“当我们的班主任陈小姐说
两个来自英国的学生马修和贝丝将会和我们度过三个月时，我感到很担心，我不得不说太多的英语”可知，
我是担心的，故选C。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据Beth offered to help Miss Chen put up all the notices“贝丝主动给陈小姐提供帮助来粘贴所
有的通知”可知，贝丝在通知方面帮助陈小姐，故选C。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据Miss Chen praised us“陈小姐表扬我们”以及Matthew sang several English songs and did
some stand-up comedy at the party. We all praised him“马修唱歌并且在派对上说脱口秀，我们所有人都表扬
他”可知，马修和贝丝第一天得到了许多表扬。故选B。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据 It was really a happy day! I hope our friendship can continue, even after they go back to
England“今天真是开心的一天，我希望我们的友谊会继续，甚至在他们回国之后”可知，可以推断出作者
喜欢这两个英国学生。故选D。
【点睛】做细节理解题时要先划关键词，再根据关键词定位到文中的某一段即可做出题目。
例如第2题。根据题干关键词Beth help Miss Chen with可知，定位至Beth offered to help Miss Chen put up
all the notices“贝丝主动给陈小姐提供帮助来粘贴所有的通知”可知，贝丝在通知方面帮助陈小姐，故选
C。(C)
In 1883, an imaginative engineer named John Roebling decided to build a spectacular(壮观的)bridge
connecting New York with Long Island. However, bridge building experts throughout the world thought that this
was a pipe dream. It was not practical. It had never been done before.
But Roebling refused to listen to them. He thought about the bridge day and night and he knew deep in his
heart that it could be done. After much discussion and persuasion he convinced (说服) his son Washington, who
was a promising engineer himself, that the bridge in fact could be built.
Working together for the first time, the father and son developed concepts of how it could be done. With great
excitement, they hired their crew and began to build their dream bridge.
The project started well, but several months after it began, a tragic accident on the site took the life of John
Roebling. Washington was so seriously injured that he was never able to walk, talk or even move again.
"We told them so", "Crazy men and their crazy dreams", "It's foolish to chase (追求) wild visions", the critics
said and most thought the project should be ended since the Roeblings were the only ones who knew how the
bridge can be built. In spite of his handicap Washington still had a burning desire to complete the bridge and his
mind was still as sharp as ever.
Washington's wife tried to inspire and pass on her husband's enthusiasm to some of his friends, but they were
too daunted by the task. As he lay in his hospital room, an idea suddenly hit him. All he could do was to move one
finger and he decided to make the best use of it. By moving this finger and tapping (轻叩) it on his wife's arm, he
slowly developed a code (代码) to communicate with her. Then he used this way to tell his wife what the engineers
should do. It seemed crazy but the project was under way again. For 13 years Washington tapped out his
instructions with his finger on his wife's arm, until the bridge was finally completed.
Today the spectacular Brooklyn Bridge stands in all its glory as a tribute (致敬) to the great success of one
man's spirit and his determination not to be defeated by circumstances (境遇).
29. The underlined word "daunted" (para.6) is closest in meaning to "__________".
A. unpleasant B. amazed C. scared D. determined
30. Which of the following shows the correct order of the events that happened in the story?
a. Roebling convinced his son.
b. Washington found a new way to communicate.
c. They hired the crew.
d. The bridge was completed.e. Roebling wanted to build a bridge.
f. There was a tragic accident.
A. e, a, c, f, d, b B. e, a, c, f, b, d C. e, f, a, b, c, d D. e, a, f, b, c, d
31. What can we learn about Washington's wife?
A. She was devoted to her husband. B. She knew sign language very well.
C. She developed a code to communicate with her husband. D. She helped her husband design the plan.
32. What does the story tell us?
A. Success will come with the passing of time.
B. Struggles are exactly what we need in our lives.
C. The people who make a difference in our life should be remembered forever.
D. Even the most distant dream can be realized with a never-say-die attitude.
【答案】29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D
【解析】
【分析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述华盛顿和他 的父亲打算建一个许多人认为不可能的桥，在建造过程中出了意
外，华盛顿的父亲去世，而华盛顿也不能够走路、说话甚至移动，最后在妻子的帮助下，最后这个大桥终
于建成。通过这个故事告诉我们，只要我们有永不言弃的态度，任何遥远的梦想都能实现。
【29题详解】
词义猜测题。根据It's foolish to chase (追求) wild visions", the critics said and most thought the project should be
ended since the Roeblings were the only ones who knew how the bridge can be built“评论家们说：追求不切实
际的幻想是愚蠢的。大多数人认为这个项目应该结束，因为只有罗布林知道如何建造这座桥”以及
Washington's wife tried to inspire and pass on her husband's enthusiasm to some of his friends“华盛顿的妻子试
图激发他并且向他的一些朋友传递他的热忱”可知，专家都认为这是不可能的事情，所以他的朋友听说后
都会感到恐惧，故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据 In 1883, an imaginative engineer named John Roebling decided to build a spectacular(壮观
的)bridge connecting New York with Long Island“在1883年，一个叫做约翰罗布林的有想象力的工程师决定
建立一个连接纽约和长岛的大桥”；After much discussion and persuasion he convinced (说服) his son
Washington, who was a promising engineer himself, that the bridge in fact could be built“在许多次讨论和劝说
后，他成功说服他的儿子华盛顿，他的儿子是一个有前途的工程师，这个大桥事实上可以被建造”；With
great excitement, they hired their crew and began to build their dream bridge“带着兴奋的心情，他们雇佣了他们的员工并且开始建造他们梦想的大桥”；The project started well, but several months after it began, a tragic
accident on the site took the life of John Roebling“这个工程开始很好，但是开始后几个月，一个悲剧性的事
故夺去了约翰罗布林的生命”；As he lay in his hospital room, an idea suddenly hit him. All he could do was to
move one finger and he decided to make the best use of it“当他躺在医院的房间里，他突然想起一个主意，他
所能做的就是移动一根手指，并且决定充分利用它”；For 13 years Washington tapped out his instructions
with his finger on his wife's arm, until the bridge was finally completed“在十三年的时间里，华盛顿在他的妻
子的胳膊上敲打他的指令，直到这个大桥最终建成”可知，顺序为e，a，c，f，b，d，故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据 Washington's wife tried to inspire and pass on her husband's enthusiasm to some of his
friends“华盛顿的妻子试图激发他并且向他的一些朋友传递他的热忱”以及For 13 years Washington tapped
out his instructions with his finger on his wife's arm, until the bridge was finally completed“在十三年的时间里，
华盛顿在他的妻子的胳膊上敲打他的指令，直到这个大桥最终建成”可知，虽然华盛顿不能动弹，但是他
的妻子不离不弃，帮助他完成这个项目，所以他的妻子坚贞不渝，将她自己投入到他的丈夫的事业中，故
选A。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文可知，华盛顿和他的父亲修一座大桥，后来出了事故，他的父亲去世了，而他躺在
病床上，专家们都认为这是不可能的任务。但是他花了13年的时间，通过敲他妻子的胳膊发出指令，随后
修成了这做大桥，所以告诉我们只要有永不言败的态度，一切梦想都会实现。故选D。
【点睛】解答词义猜测题时，可以使用如下技巧：1、根据上下文来猜测词义；2、通过同义词或近义词来
猜测词义；3、通过构词法来猜测词义；4、通过定义或释义来猜测词义；5、通过句法功能来猜测词义；
6、通过转折和因果关系来猜测词义；7. 通过生活常识来猜测词义。对于这类题采取“代入法”也非常有
效，即将备选答案逐一代入文中，哪一个选项能使句子的意思通顺、连贯，且与上下文的内容一致，哪一
个选项就是该题的正确答案
例如第1题。根据It's foolish to chase (追求) wild visions", the critics said and most thought the project should be
ended since the Roeblings were the only ones who knew how the bridge can be built“评论家们说：追求不切实
际的幻想是愚蠢的。大多数人认为这个项目应该结束，因为只有罗布林知道如何建造这座桥”以及
Washington's wife tried to inspire and pass on her husband's enthusiasm to some of his friends“华盛顿的妻子试
图激发他并且向他的一些朋友传递他的热忱”可知，专家都认为这是不可能的事情，所以他的朋友听说后
都会感到恐惧，故选C。(D)
It's common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci's most famous painting seems to look back at
observers (观察者), following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room. But this common
knowledge turns out wrong.
A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle (角度) that's 15.4 degrees
off to the observer's right-well outside of the range that people normally believe when they think someone is
looking right at them. In other words, said the study author, Horstmann, "She's not looking at you." This is
somewhat ironic, because the entire phenomenon of a person's gaze (凝视) in a photograph or painting seeming to
follow the viewer is called the "Mona Lisa effect (效应)". That effect is absolutely real, Horstmann said. If a person
is illustrated or photographed looking straight ahead, even people viewing the portrait from an angle will feel they
are being looked at. As long as the angle of the person's gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the
Mona Lisa effect occurs.
This is important for human interaction with on screen characters. If you want someone off to the right side of
a room to feel that a person on-screen is looking at him or her, you don't cut the gaze of the character to that side-
surprisingly, doing so would make an observer feel like the character isn't looking at anyone in the room at all.
Instead, you keep the gaze straight ahead.
Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-
intelligence avatars (虚拟头像) when Horstmann took a long look at the "Mona Lisa" and realized she wasn't
looking at him.
To make sure it wasn't just him, the researchers asked 24 people to view images of the "Mona Lisa" on a
computer screen. They set a ruler between the viewer and the screen and asked the participants to note which
number on the ruler intersected (横切) Mona Lisa's gaze. To calculate (估测) the angle of Mona Lisa's gaze as she
looked at the viewer, they moved the ruler farther from or closer to the screen during the study. Consistently, the
researchers found, participants judged that the woman in the "Mona Lisa" portrait was not looking straight at them,
but slightly off to their right.
So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer? Horstmann isn't sure. It's possible,
he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. Or maybe
the people who first created the term "Mona Lisa effect" just thought it was a cool name.
33. It is generally believed that the woman in the painting "Mona Lisa"
A. attracts the viewers to look back B. looks at the viewers wherever they standC. fixes her eyes on the back of the viewers D. seems mysterious because of her eyes
34. The purpose of the experiment involving 24 people was to _________.
A. calculate the angle of Mona Lisa's gaze B. create artificial-intelligence avatars
C. make sure Horstmann's belief is right D. explain how the Mona Lisa effect can be applied
35. What gaze range in a painting will cause the Mona Lisa effect?
A. B.
C. D.
36. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Horstmann thinks it's cool to create the term "Mona Lisa effect".
B. The Mona Lisa effect contributes to the creation of artificial intelligence.
C. The position of the ruler in the experiment will influence the viewers' judgement.
D. Feeling being gazed at by Mona Lisa may be caused by the desire for attention.
【答案】33. B 34. C 35. B 36. D
【解析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述蒙娜丽萨效应，并且霍斯特曼通过实验论证得出：被蒙娜丽莎凝视的感觉可
能是因为渴望被关注。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据It's common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci's most famous painting seems tolook back at observers (观察者), following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room“众所周知，
在莱昂纳多·达·芬奇最著名的画作中，这位女性似乎在回望着观察者，无论他们站在房间的什么地方，
她的眼睛都会跟着他们”可知，无论观众站在哪里，都在看着观众。故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据 Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of
artificial-intelligence avatars (虚拟头像) when Horstmann took a long look at the "Mona Lisa" and realized she
wasn't looking at him“当霍斯特曼长时间地看着《蒙娜丽莎》，意识到她不是在看他。霍斯特曼和他的合
著者正在研究这种效应，以便将其应用于虚拟头像的创造”以及 To make sure it wasn't just him, the
researchers asked 24 people to view images of the "Mona Lisa" on a computer screen“为了确定不只是他，研究
人员让24个人在电脑屏幕上观看“蒙娜丽莎”的图像”可知，确保霍斯特曼的信念是正确的。故选C。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据As long as the angle of the person's gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the
Mona Lisa effect occurs“只要这个人的凝视角度两边不超过5度左右，就会出现蒙娜丽莎效应”可知，故
选B。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据It's possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is
looking straight at them. Or maybe the people who first created the term "Mona Lisa effect" just thought it was a
cool name“他说，可能是因为人们希望被人注视，所以他们认为那个女人在直视他们。或者是那些第一个
创造“蒙娜丽莎效应”的人认为这是个很酷的名字”可知，被蒙娜丽莎凝视的感觉可能是因为渴望被关注。
故选D。
阅读短文，回答问题
When an animal helps another animal, it usually gets something valuable (有价值的) in return. For a long
time, many scientists thought that only people could act generously (慷慨地) just because it feels good.
However, a new study in Germany suggests that chimpanzees (an animal like a large monkey without a tail)
also do good things for no real reason. And so do children who are as young as 18 months of age. Maybe it is
because humans and chimpanzees share an ancestor about 6 million years ago.
People and chimpanzees appear to develop such features without any other training, says Warneken, a scientist
in Germany.
Warneken and his partners worked on adult chimpanzees that live on an island in the African country ofUganda. They also worked with 18-month-old children in Germany. The researchers performed three experiments
on the adult chimpanzees and two experiments on the kids. In the first animal experiment, a person tried to reach
his arm into a cage to get a stick, but he couldn't reach it. A chimpanzee was in the cage, and it could reach the stick
if it wanted to.
Thirty-six chimpanzees took part in this experiment one by one, and no chimpanzee saw what the other
chimpanzees had done. Even though the animals hadn't met the person before, they usually took the stick and gave
it to the person. What's more, they did this whether or not the person gave them bananas as a reward (奖励).
In a similar experiment, 36 children acted in a similar way. They helped the person reach the stick, whether or
not they were given toys for their help.
Researchers did other experiments on chimpanzees and babies. No rewards were given in either experiment.
And still, both the chimpanzees and children went out of their way to help.
37. What did many scientists think for a long time?
_________________________________________________________________
38. Where did they do the experiments?
_________________________________________________________________
39. How many chimpanzees took part in this experiment?
_________________________________________________________________
40. Did children act in a similar way as chimpanzees in the experiment?
_________________________________________________________________
【答案】37. They thought that only people could act generously. (just because it feels good)
38. On an island in the African country of Uganda.
39. Thirty-six/36.
40. Yes.
【解析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要通过实验表明，大猩猩和人类一样，都会无偿地帮助别人。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据For a long time, many scientists thought that only people could act generously (慷慨地) just
because it feels good可知，很长一段时间以来，许多科学家都认为，只有人们因为感觉良好才会慷慨解囊，
故填They thought that only people could act generously. (just because it feels good)。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据Warneken and his partners worked on adult chimpanzees that live on an island in the Africancountry of Uganda. They also worked with 18-month-old children in Germany. The researchers performed three
experiments on the adult chimpanzees and two experiments on the kids“和他的合作伙伴研究了生活在非洲国
家乌干达一个岛上的成年黑猩猩。他们也在德国研究18个月大的孩子。研究人员在成年黑猩猩身上做了三
个实验，在儿童身上做了两个实验”可知，在非洲国家乌干达的一个小岛上，故填 On an island in the
African country of Uganda。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据Thirty-six chimpanzees took part in this experiment one by one, and no chimpanzee saw what
the other chimpanzees had done“36只黑猩猩一个接一个地参加了这个实验，没有一只黑猩猩看到其他黑猩
猩做了什么”可知，36只猩猩参加了这个试验，故填Thirty-six/36。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据In a similar experiment, 36 children acted in a similar way可知，在一个类似的实验中，36
名儿童以类似的方式行事。故填Yes。
文段表达
从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中
已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目①
41.假如你是李华，9月10日你们班级将要组织教师节相关庆祝活动。请用英语写一封电子邮件，告
诉交换生Peter具体活动时间、地点，你们将做什么，以及他需要做什么准备。
提示词语：Teacher's Day, show respect, greeting card, thank-you letter
提示问题：● When and where will you celebrate Teacher's Day?
● What are you going to do?
● What do you advise Peter to prepare for it?
Dear Peter,
.
September 10th is Teacher's Day in China and we usually do something special to celebrate it
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Hope you can join us.
Yours,
Li Hua【答案】Dear Peter,
September 10th is Teacher's Day in China and we usually do something special to celebrate it. It’s my honor to
invite you to participate in the surprising party which will be held on Monday, September 10 in the hall that is not
very far from your home.
First of all, we are going to say happy holiday to our teacher. What’s more, we we will sing and dance to our
teacher. Finally, we will have snacks. During this time, we will give our teacher presents. If you come here, you’d
better bring a present for our teacher.
If you are interested in it, please don’t hesitate to contact me. I will send you more information.
Hope you can join us.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文属于应用文，邀请交换生彼得来参加教师节庆祝活动。告诉他时间、地点以及
需要做的准备。并要准确运用时态，切记不要遗漏要点。
2.例文点评：本文采用三段式，第一段主要邀请彼得来参加活动，讲述活动的时间、地点；第二段主要讲
述派对的流程以及彼得需要带的东西；第三段表达期望彼得回来。本文句式结构多样、灵活运用一些单词
短语，是一篇优秀的文章。
3.高分亮点：
单词短语：invite sb to do, participate in, give sb sth, had better do, be interested in, hesitate to do, first of all,
what’s more以及finally。
高分句型：It’s my honor to invite you to participate in the surprising party which will be held on Monday,
September 10 in the hall that is not very far from your home中分别用which和that引导两个定语从句。
【点睛】首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能
要用到的表达，例如invite sb to do, participate in, give sb sth, had better do, be interested in, hesitate to do等；
然后紧扣要点，动笔写作，在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡，必要时可适当运用表示转
折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词，使文章过渡平稳，自然流畅，如first of all, what’s more以及
finally；最后，要仔细检查有无单词拼写错误、标点符号误用等，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、
啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。题目②
42.初三第一学期末同学们将参加中考英语听说测试。请用英语写一篇短文，简要介绍刚刚度过的暑
假里你是怎样加强听说训练的，还有哪些不足，以及新学期打算如何提高听说成绩。
提示词语：English Listening and Speaking Test, pronunciation, enlarge vocabulary, improve listening/
speaking skills
提示问题：● What did you do to practice your listening and speaking in the summer vacation?
● What are you poor in?
● How are you going to improve your listening and speaking in the new term?
The English Listening and Speaking Test is coming in December. So I have to get prepared
for it. __________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Practice makes perfect. I'm sure I'll make great progress with my hard work.
_______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
______________
【答案】The English Listening and Speaking Test is coming in December. So I have to get prepared for it.
During this summer vacation，I spent much time practicing my listening and speaking skills. I practising my
listening skills by listening to tapes and watching English movies. For speaking skills，I repeat the sentences that
the characters say in the movies word by word. However, there are many problems. On the one hand, while
listening, if I am nervous, I can’t follow what the teachers said. On the other hand, I am not good at use different
kinds of words, sentence structures and so on, which makes my sentence too simple. To solve this problem, I am
going to listen to the tapes more often. I will always make more sentences by using different words and sentence
structures that I recite.
Practice makes perfect. I'm sure I'll make great progress with my hard work.
【解析】【详解】题干解读：本文属于话题作文，介绍你在暑假期间如何为即将到来的中考英语听说考试做准备的、
以及你有什么不足和新学期如何打算。准确运用时态，并注意不要遗漏要点，可以适当增加情节使全文连
贯。
例文点评：这是一篇优秀的作文，很好的完成了试题规定的任务，语言表达符合英语习惯，准确运用时态、
主谓一致，特别使用一些亮点词句，增强逻辑关系，增加上下文意思连贯，用词准确，句子通顺，行文连
贯。
高分亮点：
单词短语：spend time doing, 介词by“通过”，word by word, be good at, and so on, however, on the one hand,
on the other hand等。
高分句型：I repeat the sentences that the characters say in the movies word by word中that引导的定语从句；I
am not good at use different kinds of words, sentence structures and so on, which makes my sentence too simple中
which引导的非限制性定语从句。
