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备战 2026 年中考时文阅读 5
文章导读
阅读理解 A篇：大象分为左象鼻或右象鼻
B篇： 数学家祖冲之
C 篇： 中国瓷器的历史和特点
D篇： 秧歌机器人
A
Left or right?
You've already noticed that some people are right-handed while others are left-handed. But did
you know that elephants are left-or right-trunked? People can tell this by looking at the wrinkles(褶
皱) on their trunks, a study in Science found.
Elephants can use their trunks to do many things, like picking up food, spraying (喷洒)water
or sand across their backs to cool off, and sending warnings(警告) to other elephants. The
muscles(肌肉) and wrinkles of the trunks help them do these things. Wrinkles make the trunk move
flexibly. Scientists found that elephants like to bend(弯曲) their trunks to one side to put food in
their mouths. Over time, this side of their trunk gets more wrinkles than the other. This is what
makes them either left-or right-trunked.
The chances(几率) of elephants being left-trunked or right-trunked are about 50:50. This is
very different from people.For us, the rate of left-handed to right-handed is about 10:90, according
to CBS News.
More interestingly, Asian elephants have more wrinkles on the top of their trunks than African
elephants. African elephants have two finger-like structures(结构) at the end of their trunks to grab
things, but Asian elephants have only one.So, Asian elephants wrap(卷) their trunks around things
to grab them more often than African elephants do. This leads to more wrinkles.
1. Which word can take the place of“flexibly” in Paragraph 2?
A. quickly B. freely C. strongly D. safely
2. How can people tell if an elephant is left-or right-trunked?
A. By looking at the color of their trunks.
B. By checking the size of their ears.
C. By measuring the length of their trunks.
D. By checking the wrinkles on their trunks.
3. What did scientists discover about elephant trunks?
A. Most African elephants are right-trunked.
B. It is hard for African elephants to wrap their trunks around things.
C. Asian elephants have more wrinkles on the top of their trunks.
D. African elephants have longer trunks than Asian elephants.
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4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The importance of trunk wrinkles for elephants.
B. The differences between Asian and African elephants.
C. How elephants can be left or right-trunked.
D. How elephants live their daily lives.
B
Zu Chongzhi is one of the greatest mathematicians in ancient China.
He was born during the Northern and Southern 1 (dynasty). His family were very
talented. They had been studying maths and astronomy for generations (世代). From a young age,
Zu 2 (teach) natural science, astronomy, maths, philosophy and so on. The little boy was interested in all
of these subjects, especially in maths.
Zu was best known for his calculation of pi. According to historical records, he did all the work using
nothing but 3 (wood) sticks. It took him lots of time to work out the value (值)—between
3.1415926 and 3.1415927. No one at that time was able to calculate it more accurately (精确地)
than Zu. The 4 (achieve) has been recognized around the world. In order to remember Zu,
some mathematicians have suggested calling pi Zu Lü (祖率).
Zu was also known for 5 (work) out how to calculate the volume (体积) of a sphere. He
did this with the help of his son Zu Geng. The two recorded 6 (they) achievement in Zhui Shu.
The book was used as a maths textbook during the Tang Dynasty.
Zu was 7 (success) not only in maths but in astronomy. He worked out that a year should be
365.24281481 days long and created the Daming Calendar. But unfortunately, the great 8 (math) never saw
his calendar put into use. After he passed away, Zu Geng kept on proving that the new calendar was more
accurate. Almost ten years later, the Daming Calendar was 9 (final) accepted.
Zu was also an 10 (invent). He once made a vehicle that carried a pointer. No matter how the
vehicle turned, the pointer always pointed to the south. Zu also invented a special kind of boat.
The boat could travel 100 li (about 50 kilometres) in a day.
C
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
I’m studying in an international school. 1 (we) school will hold a Chinese culture
competition next week. I plan 2 (talk) about Chinese porcelain (瓷器).
“White like jade, bright as a mirror, thin as paper, sound 3 a bell.” It describes porcelain in
Jingdezhen. We know porcelain is called china in English because it was first made in China! Many cities in
China have 4 long history of porcelain industry.
Porcelain develops from pottery (陶器). Porcelain and pottery look similar, and they are called
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“Taoci” in Chinese. 5 they are different. Porcelain is fired at a temperature above 1,200℃;
pottery below 1,000℃. So porcelain feels 6 (hard).
Other cities like Dehua, which is near ancient Quanzhou, also produce porcelain. Generally, Dehua
porcelain 7 (sell) to Europeans in ancient times. Along with China’s silk and tea, porcelain was one of the
first goods traveling around the world. Chinese porcelain has 8 (deep) influenced the world porcelain
industry.
Chinese 9 (artist) have created priceless porcelain works and they have students from all
over the world. Once one of them 10 (say), “Color is universal. There is no barrier (障碍)
between cultural communications.”
For cultural communications, there is no barrier; for Chinese culture, I will be a carrier!
D
阅读短文，从方框内选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词
限用一次。
body its which when move make tradition special one work
The 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala (春晚) brought a wonderful performance. The show of
“Yang BOT” combined (结合) technology and 1 . A group of humanoid (像人的) robots
2 by a famous Chinese technology company became the focus. These robots were 3 . They
were carefully programmed to do the lively Yangko dance 4 is a well-known Chinese folk art.
To get ready for this great show, the robots 5 hard. They used new artificial intelligence (人工
智能) to learn every movement of the dance. Their 6 had strong joints (关节) and good
sensors (传感器). With the help, they could 7 smoothly and correctly on the stage.
The audience (观众) was really surprised 8 they saw the robots wave the colorful handkerchiefs
while dancing. They just looked like real dancers. The Robots’ 9 show was so successful that
it became a hot topic on social media. Many older people liked 10 special charm (魅力) and
the good mix of modern and traditional things. And young people thought it was cool and very
interesting.
【答案】
A
1. B "flexibly" 在文中描述象鼻的灵活性，与选项 B"freely"(自由地) 意思最接近。A (快速地)、C
(强壮地)、D (安全地) 都不符合上下文。
2. D文章明确指出 "人们可以通过观察象鼻上的褶皱来判断大象是左象鼻还是右象鼻"，这与选项 D
完全一致。
3. C科学家发现 "亚洲象的象鼻顶部比非洲象有更多褶皱"，这与选项 C 相符。A 选项文章未提及；
B 选项过于绝对；D 选项关于象鼻长度的比较文中没有提到。
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4. C整篇文章主要解释了 "大象如何成为左象鼻或右象鼻"，包括判断方法、形成原因以及不同种类大
象的差异，这与选项 C 相符。A 和 B 只是文章的部分内容，D 选项过于宽泛。
B
1．dynasties 2．was taught 3．wooden 4．achievement 5．working 6．their 7．
successful 8．mathematician 9．finally 10．inventor
【导语】本文主要介绍了数学家祖冲之。
1．句意：他出生于南北朝时期。根据“the Northern and Southern”可知，此处应用dynasty的复数形
式dynasties。故填dynasties。
2．句意：从很小的时候起，祖冲之就被教授自然科学、天文学、数学、哲学等。此处表示祖冲之被教导，
且时态为一般过去时，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were done，主语Zu表示第三人
称单数，be动词用was，teach的过去分词为taught。故填was taught。
3．句意：根据历史记录，他仅用木棍完成了所有计算。根据“sticks”可知，此处应用wood的形容词形
式wooden，在句中作定语。故填wooden。
4．句意：这一成就已得到全世界的认可。achieve是动词，此处需用其名词形式achievement，在句中作
主语。故填achievement。
5．句意：祖冲之还因算出如何计算球体体积而闻名。for为介词，此处应用work的动名词形式
working，在句中作宾语。故填working。
6．句意：父子俩在《缀术》中记录了他们的成就。根据“achievement”可知，此处应用they的形容词性
物主代词their修饰。故填their。
7．句意：祖冲之不仅在数学上取得了成功，在天文学上也是如此。根据“Zu was”可知，此处应用
success的形容词形式successful，在句中作表语。故填successful。
8．句意：但不幸的是，这位伟大的数学家从未看到他的历法被投入使用。根据“the great…never
saw”可知，此处表示祖冲之本人，应用表示职业的名词mathematician“数学家”，且要用单数形式。
故填mathematician。
9．句意：将近十年后，《大明历》最终被接受。final是形容词，此处应用其副词形式finally，修饰动词
accepted。故填finally。
10．句意：祖冲之还是一位发明家。根据an可知，此处应用invent的名词单数形式inventor“发明家”，
介绍他的身份信息。故填inventor。
C
1．Our 2．to talk 3．like 4．a 5．But 6．harder 7．was sold 8．deeply 9．
artists 10．said
【导语】本文介绍了中国瓷器的历史、特点及其对世界文化的影响。
1．句意：我们学校下周将举行中国文化比赛。修饰名词school应用we的形容词性物主代词our，句首
首字母大写。故填Our。
2．句意：我打算谈谈中国瓷器。根据plan to do sth.“计划做某事”可知，此处应用不定式。故填to
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talk。
3．句意：白如玉，亮如镜，薄如纸，声如磬。根据“sound like a bell”可知，此处指听起来像一个钟；
sound like“听起来好像”，固定搭配。故填like。
4．句意：中国的许多城市都有悠久的陶瓷工业历史。此处泛指一段悠久的历史，且long以辅音音素开
头，不定冠词用a。故填a。
5．句意：但它们是不同的。根据“Porcelain and pottery look similar, and they are called ‘Taoci’
in Chinese. ... they are different. ”可知，前后句为转折关系，应用but连接，句首首字母大写。故填
But。
6．句意：所以瓷器摸起来更硬。根据“Porcelain is fired at a temperature above 1, 200℃; pottery
below 1, 000℃.”可知，瓷器在1200℃以上的温度下烧制；陶器烧制的温度在摄氏1000度以下。因此
所以瓷器摸起来更硬，此处应用比较级harder。故填harder。
7．句意：一般来说，德化瓷器在古代是卖给欧洲人的。根据语境，瓷器是“被卖”，再根据“in ancient
times”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态was sold。故填was sold。
8．句意：中国瓷器对世界瓷器工业产生了深远的影响。此处修饰动词influenced，应用deep的副词形式
deeply“深深地”。故填deeply。
9．句意：中国艺术家创造了无价的瓷器作品，他们的学生来自世界各地。根据“have created”可知，
名词artist应用复数形式。故填artists。
10．句意：其中一位曾经说过：“颜色是普遍的。文化交流之间没有障碍。”根据“Once”可知，时态为
一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故填said。
D
1．tradition 2．made 3．special 4．which 5．worked 6．bodies 7．move 8．when
9．first 10．its
【导语】本文主要介绍了“秧歌机器人”在2025年春晚上的精彩表演，展现了科技与传统的完美融合。
1．句意：“秧BOT”展示了技术与传统的结合。根据“combined (结合) technology and”并结合方框
中的单词提示可知，节目将技术与传统相结合。tradition“传统”，名词。故填tradition。
2．句意：由一家著名的中国科技公司制造的一群类人机器人成为了焦点。根据“by a famous Chinese
technology company”可知，这里指由一家著名的中国科技公司制造，此处表示被动，用make“制
作”的过去分词形式。故填made。
3．句意：这些机器人是特别的。根据“They were carefully programmed … Chinese folk art.”并结合
方框中的单词提示可知，这些机器人是特别的。special“特别的”，形容词作表语。故填special。
4．句意：他们被精心编排，表演中国著名的民间艺术——生动的秧歌。这是一个非限制性定语从句，先
行词为Yangko dance，从句缺少主语，用which引导定语从句。故填which。
5．句意：为了准备这场盛大的演出，机器人刻苦练习。结合“hard”和方框中的单词提示可知，机器人
刻苦练习。work hard“工作努力”，时态为一般过去时，用work的过去式形式。故填worked。
6．句意：它们的身体有着坚固的关节和优良的传感器。根据“had strong joints (关节) and good
sensors”并结合方框中的单词提示可知，身体有关节和传感器，body“身体”，结合“Their”可知，此
处用其复数形式。故填bodies。
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7．句意：在帮助下，他们可以在舞台上平稳、正确地移动。根据“smoothly and correctly on the
stage”并结合方框中的单词提示可知，可以平稳、正确地移动。move“移动”，情态动词后用动词原形。
故填move。
8．句意：当观众看到机器人像真正的舞者一样，在跳舞时转动着色彩斑斓的手绢，他们着实感到惊讶。
“观众看到机器人”和“他们感到惊讶”是同时发生的，用when“当……时”引导时间状语从句。故
填when。
9．句意：机器人的第一个节目非常成功，成为社交媒体上的热门话题。结合方框中的单词提示可知，此
处指第一个节目，用one“一”的序数词形式first“第一”。故填first。
10．句意：许多老年人喜欢它的独特魅力和现代与传统事物的完美结合。此处用it代指秧歌机器人，结
合“special charm”可知，此处用it的形容词性物主代词its“它的”修饰名词charm。故填its。
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