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备战 2026 年中考时文阅读 7
文章导读
阅读理解 A篇： 中国发现的 1.72 亿年前的鸟类化石
B篇： 首次重建丹尼索瓦人面部
C篇： 电影《哪吒之魔童闹海》成为文化庆典
D篇： 上海一家出售混合中药的药草冰淇淋店
A
Oldest Bird Fossil Found in China
Chinese scientists have discovered the world's oldest bird fossil in Fujian province,changing our
understanding of how birds evolved(进化). Named“Baminornis zhenghensis”,this 172-million-year-
old fossil pushes the origin(起源) of birds back by 20 million years.
The fossil was found in Jurassic-era rocks and studied by researchers from the Chinese Academy of
Sciences. Unlike earlier bird-like fossils, “Baminornis” has a short, fused tail bone(called a“pygostyle”),
which modern birds use to hold tail feathers. This feature helps birds balance and fly better. Dr. Wang Min, a
lead scientist, said, “The pygostyle was a key step in turning dinosaurs into birds.”
For over 150 years, “Archaeopteryx”——a fossil found in Germany in 1861—— was considered
the“first bird.” However,some scientists now think “Archaeopteryx” might be a feathered dinosaur, not a
true bird. The discovery of“Baminornis” challenges this idea. “Our fossil proves real birds existed during the
Jurassic Period, even before“Archaeopteryx”, explained Professor Zhou Zhonghe.
Since 2021, scientists have uncovered many fossils in Fujian, including turtles, fish, insects, and plants.
These fossils,called the“Zhenghe Fauna,” show a rich ecosystem from 170 million years ago. In 2023, they
confirmed that at least two bird species lived there. “This means early birds were more diverse
(多样化) than we thought,” Zhou added.
Scientists used 3D scanners to study the fossil's details. While some debate if“Baminornis”
is a true bird, most agree it is a major discovery. The team plans to keep exploring Fujian to learn how
these ancient birds lived and survived alongside dinosaurs.
1. What is the main idea of the article?
A. A new dinosaur species was found in China.
B. A 172-million-year-old bird fossil changes evolutionary history.
C. Modern birds were discovered in Fujian.
D. “Archaeopteryx” is still the oldest bird.
2. What key feature does“Baminornis” share with modern birds?
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A. Sharp claws. B. A pygostyle(short tail bone).
C. Large teeth. D. Long neck.
3. Why is the pygostyle important?
A. It helps birds swim. B. It improves balance and flight.
C. It makes birds look colorful. D. It helps birds lay eggs.
4. What did scientists believe about “Archaeopteryx” before?
A. It was a type of fish. B. It was the first true bird.
C. It lived in China. D. It had no feathers.
5. What does the“Zhenghe Fauna” include?
A. Only bird fossils. B. Dinosaurs and modern plants.
C. Fossils of turtles, fish, insects, and birds. D. Human tools from ancient times.
B
For the first time, scientists have reconstructed the face of a prehistoric human known as a Denisovan.
One of several extinct human species that once lived alongside early Homo sapiens (modern humans),
Denisovans existed about 370,000 to 30,000 years ago in Europe and Asia. Denisovans were first
identified in 2010 by a scientist named Qiaomei Fu, who analyzed DNA (a complex chemical that carries
instructions for how a living thing should develop) from a pinkie fossil found in a cave in Siberia called
Denisova. Since then, teeth and bone fragments weren’t enough to examine, scientists needed a skull.
Ru recently examined a skull that was found in Harbin, China, in 1933 by a worker who kept it hidden
for decades. Researchers had previously said it belonged to an undiscovered human species, but Fu
suspected it was a Denisovan. She and her team extracted DNA from plaque on the skull’s teeth and proteins
from other parts of it. They confirmed that it was a Denisovan, making it the most complete fossil of the
species ever found.
Using the skull as a guide, the team determined that the Denisovan had flat cheeks, deep-set eyes, and
no chin. It also had a larger skull and a bigger brain than modern humans have. More Denisovan fossils are
needed to confirm that these facial features are common among the species. But knowing what a Denisovan
skull looks like will help scientists identify more of their fossils in the future. “We have cleared up some of
the mystery surrounding this population,” Fu said.
1. The author first introduces Denisovans by ______.
A. Describing their extinction
B. Mentioning their coexistence with Homo sapiens
C. Reporting the facial reconstruction achievement
D. Explaining their DNA structure
2. Why couldn’t scientists determine Denisovans’ appearance before?
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A. Lack of sufficient fossils (e.g., skulls)
B. Advanced technology was unavailable
C. The species was too rare
D. Researchers focused on other humans
3. The Harbin skull is significant because ______.
A. It’s the first Denisovan fossil found in China
B. It proves Denisovans were a new species
C. It’s the most complete Denisovan fossil discovered
D. It contains well-preserved DNA only
4. The DNA and protein analysis served to ______.
A. Reconstruct the Denisovan’s face
B. Confirm the skull’s species as Denisovan
C. Study the species’ brain size
D. Determine their living environment
5. Which feature is NOT mentioned for Denisovans?
A. Flat cheeks B. Deep-set eyes C. A visible chin D. A larger skull
6. The main purpose of the article is to ______.
A. Report the reconstruction of a Denisovan’s face
B. Compare Denisovans with modern humans
C. Criticize past research on extinct humans
D. Describe the process of fossil discovery
7. From Fu’s statement “We have cleared up some of the mystery,” we can infer that ______.
A. All mysteries about Denisovans are solved
B. More research is still needed
C. No new fossils will be found
D. Their facial features are fully confirmed
8. The article’s structure can be best described as ______.
A. Chronological (time order)
B. Cause-effect (problem-solution)
C. Comparison-contrast
D. General-specific (introduce topic, then detail findings)
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9. Which explanatory method is used in the text?
A. Listing numbers (e.g., 370,000–30,000 years)
B. Making comparisons (e.g., vs. modern humans)
C. Citing examples (e.g., the Harbin skull)
D. All of the above
10. Why do scientists need more Denisovan fossils?
A. To reconstruct more faces
B. To confirm if the facial features are common in the species
C. To analyze their DNA again
D. To determine their exact extinction time
C
NE ZHA 2 makes culture even cooler!
Who's the coolest kid in Chinese mythology(神话)? Many people would say NeZha. During
this year's Spring Festival, the Chinese cartoon movie Ne Zha: Demon Child Conquers the Sea(《哪
吒之魔童闹海》) won people's hearts. People loved it so much that it made more money than any
other movie in Chinese history. It also became a big cultural celebration (文化庆典). Here are
some hot talking points about this movie.
Why does Taiyi Zhenren use lotus roots(莲藕) to rebuild NeZha's body?
The use of lotus roots is special. Lotus roots are very strong. Their fibers (纤维)can stretch
(延展) up to l meter without breaking. This shows Ne Zha's superpower, according to CCTV. As
the famous Chinese saying goes, “Lotus grows out of the mud unstained(濯清涟而不妖).” The
lotus shows Ne Zha's strength(力量) to fight against bad things. So it is a good choice for making
his body again.
Why does Taiyi Zhenren speak the Sichuan dialect(方言)?
In the movie, Taiyi Zhenren's Sichuan dialect makes people laugh. In the Chinese mythology
book, Investiture of theGods(《封神演义》), he is a Taoist immortal(道教神仙). He lives at the
Qianyuan Mountain in Jiangyou, Sichuan province.So it's fitting(合适的) that he speaks with the
Sichuan dialect in the film, said Zhang Jiaming, the voice actor for Taiyi Zhenren.
1. What made the movie Ne Zha: Demon Child Conquers the Sea a cultural celebration?
A. It was the first Chinese cartoon movie.
B. It became the highest-grossing film in Chinese history.
C. It was shown only during festivals.
D. It used traditional Chinese music.
2. Why did Taiyi Zhenren use lotus roots to rebuild Ne Zha's body?
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A. Lotus roots are easy to find.
B. They symbolize purity (纯洁) and strength.
C. The story required a magical material.
D. Ne Zha liked the taste of lotus roots.
3. Where does Taiyi Zhenren live according to Chinese mythology?
A. At Qianyuan Mountain in Jiangyou, Sichuan.
B. In a temple in Beijing.
C. On Mount Tai in Shandong.
D. In the ocean.
4. What does the word" unstained" mean in the sentence" Lotus grows out of the mud unstained"?
A. Uncleaned B. Strong
C. Not influenced by bad things D. Colorful
5. Why did the voice actor Zhang Jiaming think using Sichuan dialect was fitting for Taiyi Zhenren?
A. Because he was from Sichuan.
B. Because the character lived in Sichuan.
C. To make the movie more funny.
D. Because the director asked him to.
D
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Shanghai, there is a shop that sells a 38-yuan herbal (药草的) ice cream that mixes
different traditional Chinese medicines (TCM). And 1 (it) special taste makes it quite popular.
There are 16 tastes in the shop. Each taste 2 (have) herbal things in it and is marked with what
it can do for you. For example, the “Ginseng Jasmine lime tea” can make you feel more
energetic (充满活力的), and the “longan red date rice milk” can help you be more 3 (peace).
You can buy different 4 (size). For example, a serving 5 two tastes costs 38 yuan, one with three
tastes is 45 yuan, and a big family-sized box is 150 yuan. The shop also sells herbal teas and they 6 (usual)
cost about 20 yuan each.
The products use ice cream as the main part 7 add a little bit of herbs to make the taste
better. The idea behind them is the TCM principle (原则) which says “food and medicine come
from 8 same place.” The principle makes it possible 9 (put) herbal medicine into our daily
food. The quick development of the “TCM + food” model shows that people care more about
their health and also have a 10 (strong) belief in our culture than before.
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【答案】
A
1. 答案：B解析：文章主要讲述了在中国发现的 1.72 亿年前的鸟类化石 "Baminornis"，将鸟类起源时
间提前了 2000 万年，改变了我们对鸟类进化的理解。
2. 答案：B解析："Baminornis" 与现代鸟类共有的关键特征是短而融合的尾骨 ——pygostyle（尾综
骨），这是现代鸟类用来支撑尾羽的结构。
3. 答案：B解析：pygostyle（尾综骨）的重要性在于它 "帮助鸟类更好地平衡和飞行"，这是文章明确提
到的功能。
4. 答案：B解析：文章指出，150 多年来，"Archaeopteryx"（始祖鸟）一直被认为是 "第一只鸟"，而非鱼
类。所以正确答案是 B，不是 A。
5. 答案：C解析："Zhenghe Fauna（" 郑和动物群）包括多种化石：龟类、鱼类、昆虫、植物，以及至少两种
鸟类。
B
1. B文章开头通过 "与早期智人共同生活" 来介绍丹尼索瓦人，而非解释 DNA 结构。
2. A科学家无法确定丹尼索瓦人外貌的原因是 "缺乏足够的化石，尤其是头骨"，文章明确提到 "牙齿
和骨骼碎片不足以研究，科学家需要头骨"。
3. C哈尔滨头骨的重要性在于它是 "迄今发现的最完整的丹尼索瓦人化石"，而非证明他们是新物种。
4. B DNA 和蛋白质分析的目的是 "确认该头骨属于丹尼索瓦人"，这与文章描述一致。
5. C文章提到丹尼索瓦人有 "扁平的脸颊、深陷的眼睛、没有下巴、更大的头骨"，所以 "有可见的下
巴" 是未提及的特征。
6. A文章主要目的是 "报道首次重建丹尼索瓦人面部的科学成就"，而非仅描述化石发现过程。
7. B"我们解开了部分谜团" 暗示 "仍需更多研究"，而非所有谜团都已解决。
8. D文章结构是 "总 - 分" 模式：先介绍主题，再详述发现过程和结果。
9. D文章使用了多种解释方法：列出数字（存在时间）、比较（与现代人对比）、举例（哈尔滨头骨）。
10. B科学家需要更多丹尼索瓦人化石是为了 "确认这些面部特征是否在该物种中普遍存在"，这是文
章明确提到的。
C
1. B文章明确提到电影《哪吒之魔童闹海》成为文化庆典是因为 "它赚的钱比中国历史上任何其他电
影都多"，即成为票房冠军，与选项 B 一致。
2. B太乙真人用莲藕重塑哪吒身体是因为莲藕象征 "纯洁和力量"。文章提到莲藕纤维坚韧，且 "出淤
泥而不染" 的特性象征哪吒对抗邪恶的力量，与选项 B 相符。
3. A根据中国神话，太乙真人住在 "四川江油的乾元山"，文章直接给出这一信息，与选项 A 一致。
4. C"unstained" 在 "出淤泥而不染" 中表示 "不受坏事物影响"，与选项 C 一致。
5. B配音演员张家明认为使用四川方言合适是因为 "角色住在四川"，这与选项 B 相符。
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D
【答案】
1．its 2．has 3．peaceful 4．sizes 5．with 6．usually 7．and 8．the 9．to put
10．stronger
【导语】本文主要介绍了上海一家出售混合中药的药草冰淇淋店，包括其口味、规格、价格，以及产品背
后“药食同源”的中医原则，体现人们对健康的关注和对文化更强的信念。
1．句意：并且它独特的味道使它相当受欢迎。此处修饰“special taste”，需用it的形容词性物主代词
形式its，表示“它的特别味道”。故填its。
2．句意：每种口味都含有草药成分，并标注了它对你的作用。时态为一般现在时，主语“Each taste”
为单数形式，因此have应用第三人称单数形式has。故填has。
3．句意：例如，“人参茉莉青柠茶”能让你感觉更有活力，“龙眼红枣米乳”能帮助你更平和。
peace“和平”，名词，根据“help you be more”可知，此处应用其形容词形式peaceful，表示“更平
和”。故填peaceful。
4．句意：你可以购买不同的规格。different后接可数名词复数，size的复数形式为sizes。故填sizes。
5．句意：例如，一份有两种口味的售价38元，一份有三种口味的是45 元，一个大的家庭装盒子是150
元。根据“a serving…two tastes costs 38 yuan”可知，此处表示“带有两种口味的一份”，应用介词
with。故填with。
6．句意：这家商店也出售药草茶，它们通常每杯售价约20元。此处修饰动词cost，应用usual的副词形
式usually。故填usually。
7．句意：这些产品以冰淇淋为主要部分，并添加一点草药使味道更好。“use ice cream as the main
part”与“add a little bit of herbs”之间为并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。
8．句意：它们背后的理念是中医“药食同源”的原则。the same“同一的”，固定搭配。故填the。
9．句意：这个原则使将草药融入我们的日常食物成为可能。根据“makes it possible”可知，此处要用
动词不定式，在句中作宾语补足语。故填to put。
10．句意：“中医 + 食物”模式的快速发展表明，人们比以前更关心自己的健康，对我们的文化也有
了更强的信念。根据“in our culture than before”可知，此处要用strong的比较级形式stronger，表示
“对我们的文化也有了更强的信念”。故填stronger。
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