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专题 10 代词
（解析版）
三年真题
1. 【2022·全国乙卷】The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony,
opening ______ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth --- A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
2. 【2021·全国乙卷】Ecotourism has _____(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.
3. 【2021·新高考I卷】As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it
will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in _______(I).
4. 【2020·全国I卷】Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it
contains, could help China decide whether ______ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are
practical.
5. 【2020·江苏】This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for
______.
A．whichever B．whenever C．wherever D．whatever
考频统计
在2020-2022年三年高考真题中，代词的考查频率统计如下：
代词 考频 出处
【2022·全国乙卷】【2021·全国乙卷】【2021·新高考I卷】
代词 5次
【2020·全国I卷】【2020·江苏】
考点清单
一、人称代词，物主代词
人称代词 物主代词
类别
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
主语、表语、
功能 主语 宾语、表语 定语
宾语
单数 I me my mine
第一人称
复数 we us our ours
单数 you you your yours
第二人称
复数 you you your yours单数 she/he/it her/him/it her/his/its hers/his/its
第三人称
复数 they them their theirs
one/it/that的区别
代词 用法 例句
泛指同名异物可数名词单数，指复数时用ones 1 haven't go ta pen. Can you lend me one?
one
the one相当于that;the ones相当于those The fruits you bought this morning are the
ones sipped from Taiwan.
特指上文提到的同一个事物， 复数用they或 Look at the bird. It often comes to my
it
them window.
特指同名异物可数名词单数或不可数名词，只能 His seat was next to that of mine.
that 指物,不能指人;其复数those特指同名异物可数名
The weather in Haikou is warmer than that of
词复数，既可指物也可指人
Beijing in winter.
二、反身代词
用法 例句
She made herself a cup of coffee.
在句中作宾语、同位语、表语
等，不能作主语
You must forgive her---she’s not herself at present.
of oneself自动地 in oneself本质上，本身
与某些介词构成固定短语 by oneself 独自，单独 for oneself替自己，为自己
to oneself独自拥有的 beside oneself( 因情绪)失去自制力,失常
adapt oneself to 适应 apply oneself to 专心致志于
behave oneself表现得体 devote oneself to致力于,献身于，专心于
dress oneself自己穿衣 enjoy oneself玩得开心
与某些动词构成固定短语
help oneself to为(自己)取用 make oneself at home舒适自在，无拘束
seat oneself坐 teach oneself自学
treat oneself to招待，款待,买(可享受的东西)
三、不定代词
1. both, either, neither
代词 用法 例句
both “两者都”,可作主语、宾语、同位语 Both of us are non-smokers.
“(两者中)任何一个”，作主语时谓语动词 Take one of the two books on the table-either of
either
用单数 them will do.
neither “两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数 Neither of my younger sisters likes sports.
2. none, all, no one
代词 用法 例句
“没有一点儿;全无”，指代可数名词时用于 None of them knows what to do next.
none
三者或三者以上范围；既可指人也可指物:可 I wanted some more cake but there was none
与of连用：回答how many/much的提问；作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。指 left.
代不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数
“全部都”，既可指人也可指物。指代或修 I know that all is well with her.
饰可数名词时，用于三者或三者以上范围。
all All of them have passed the examination.
作主语时若指事物的整体或抽象概念，谓语
动词用单数；若指人，谓语动词用复数
“没人，无人”，只指人;一般不与of连 No one dared to speak of it.
no one
用；回答who的提问
3. some any
代词 用法 例句
some “一些”,指代或修饰可数名词复数和不可数 They are looking for someone with some
experience.
名词均可，多用于肯定句中;也可用于表示请
求的疑问句中,希望得到肯定的答复 Could you lend me some money?
any “一些”，指代或修饰可数名词复数和不可 Are there any stamps in that drawer?
数
Give me a pen, and any pen will do.
名词均可，常用于否定句、疑问句中。用于
肯定句时，表示三个以上人或物中的“任何
一个”
4. other the other another
代词 用法 例句
泛指没有范围的“另外的人或物”，不能
other 单独用，只能修饰名词，后跟可数名词复 No other countries could join in.
数时，相当于others
指两者中的“另外一个”，可单独用，也 He walked to the other side of the road to take
可修饰可数名词单教或可数名词复数。后 a bus.
the other
接可数名同复数时，相当于the others，特
Some of us want to go there by bus, but the
指某范围中“其余的......” others on foot.
指三者或三者以上中的“另外-一个”，可
单 If you don't like this one, try another.
独使用，也可后接可数名词单数
another
"another+ 大于一的基数词/few+可数名
We shall need another three assistants in our
shop.
词复数”意为“再，又”
5. few a few little a little
代词 用法 功能 例句
“几乎没有”，指 主语 Few were late today.
代或修饰可数名词
few 宾语 They knew few of us.
复数，表示否定意
义 定语 She made few mistakes in her homework.
“几个”，指代或 主语 A few have started their own businesses.
修饰可数名词复数,
a few 宾语 I recognized a few of them.
表示肯定意义
定语 He asked us a few questions.
little “没有多少”，指 主语 Little remains to be done about her.代或修饰不可数名 宾语 I know little about her .
词,表示否定意义
定语 I have little time to do that.
“一些,一点”，指 主语 A little is enough for me.
a 代或修饰不可数名
宾语 I've only read a little of the book.
little 词,表示肯定意义
定语 There is only a little time left for us.
6. each every
代词 用法 例句
each 强调个体，用于两者或两者以上，在句中可作主 Give the children each a balloon.
语、宾语、定语、同位语等，后面可接表示范围
Each of the room has its own shower and
的of结构
toilet.
every 强调整体，用于三者或三者以上，只能作定语 Every student will be involved in the research.
7. everything something anything nothing
代词 用法 例句
everything “一切事物”，强调整体 She does everything to help her friend.
“某事，某物”，常用于肯定句中，也可用 I have something to ask you.
something 于表示希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中
Would you like something to eat?
在肯定句中强调个体，表示“任何事物”， I want to read, anything will do.
anything
在否定句中表示“某事物”
nothing “什么都没有”，表示否定意义 Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
8. anyone someone everyone
代词 用法 例句
anyone “任何人”强调个体，=anybody Anyone can tell you where the bus stop is.
someone “某个人”，=somebody Someone wants to see you.
everyone “所有人”，强调整体，=everybody Everyone knows what he wants.
四、it的用法
1. it的指代用法
用法 例句
--Where is my dictionary?
指代上文提到的某样东西
--I left it right on the desk.
--What’s this?
用以代替指示代词this，that
--It is a bag.
--Who is knocking at the door?
指不知性别的婴儿或身份不确定的人
--It must be the milkman.
It is nine o’clock sharp now.
指时间、距离、天气、气候或温度
It is raining hard outside.
it常用来代替不定式、动名词或名词性从句作形式主语或
It is not easy to learn a foreign language.
形式宾语，而将真正的主语或宾语后置2. it作形式主语
It is a pity/shame that...真可惜....
Rt is no wonder that......不足为奇/并不奇怪
It seems appears that.. 似乎/看来
It looks/seems as if/as though...看起来/似乎/好.....
It happens that... 碰巧.....
It occurs to/comes to/strikes/hits sb. that... 某人突然想起......
It is said/reported that.. .据说据报道....
It is certain that... 肯定......
It is well known/ acknowledged that... 众所周知.....
It is no use/no good doing sth. 做某事没用/没好处
It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花某人一些时间
3. it作形式宾语
主语+think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...+it+adj./n.+for/of sb. to do sth./that...
主语+think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...+it+useless/no use/no good doing sth.
变式练习
基础练
1. The ancient Egyptians saw paradise as an idealized version of own lives.
2. The apples in the basket are bigger than on the floor.
3. Some of the interaction was by phone, but was still voice to voice, person to person, in real
time.
4. He lives on the second floor and hates when those who live upstairs make lots of noise.
5. 一Which one of the two cars is yours?
一 . Mine is being repaired.
6. Dancing with your feet is one thing, but dancing with your heart is quite .
7. Life today is much better than in the old days.
8. I don't like colored envelopes; I like white .
9. of the three boys are willing to play with me, so I was alone.
10 There is wrong with the TV set. It's only because of power cut.
提升练
1. The teacher gave the books to all the students except who had already taken them.2. Cheap as the cars on show are, I really can't afford .
3. Most of the tourists think that the beauty of sea is greater than of deserts.
4. is 112 miles from this city to my hometown.
5. This project requires close teamwork. will be achieved unless we work well together.
6. can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn't love it.
7. Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost of her enthusiasm
for life.
8. Those who smoke heavily should remind of health, the bad smell and the feelings of other
people.
9. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but of them wants to, because they
have
work to do.
10. She opened her arms wide and timidly I opened and we hugged.
