文档内容
专题 11 七选五之利用设空位置解题
01专题网络·思维脑图
02考情分析·解密高考
03高频考点·以考定法
考点 利用设空位置解题
【高考解密】
命题点01 设空在段首
命题点02 设空在段中
命题点03 设空在段尾
【技巧解密】
【考向预测】
04核心素养·微专题
微专题 段首主旨句易错陷阱
05创新好题·分层练考点 考查内容
利 核心价值：
高考英语试卷取材广泛、体裁多样，引导学生德智体美劳全面发展，加强对中华优秀传统文化和
用
社会主义先进文化的考查，充分发挥文化铸魂的育人功能。
设
第一，强化体美劳教育引导，夯实全面发展基础。在美育融入试题方面，全国Ⅱ卷阅读题开启艺
术之旅的语篇，这些语篇旨在引导学生加深对艺术的认识，培养健康向上的审美情趣。在劳动教
空
育融入试题方面，各套试卷的语篇包含了学校园艺项目，烹饪习惯的改变等信息，涉及多种工作
位 场景，旨在引导学 生形成劳动观念，在学习和生活中培养劳动精神。
置 第三，关注时代发展与生活实践，引导学生培养核心素养。2023 年全国卷通过选取极简主义生
活、群体智慧效应、印刷书籍对人类的意义，实物对历史的重要性等具有探讨性和思辨性的材
解 料，引导学生形成独立思考的习惯，培养主动发现问题和解决问题的能力；通过选取建造生态机
器来净化污水等语篇，激发学生对科学实验与研究的兴趣通。
题
学科素养：1. 从话题选择来看，近三年围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题全面考查英语综合运用
能力，试题取材广泛、体裁多样，进一步体现考试对五育（德、智、体、美、劳）全面发展的引
导作用，加强对中华优秀传统文化、和社会主义先进文化的考查，充分发挥文化铸魂育人功能。
落实立德树人，彰显德育本色 。
2. 从命题方向及趋势来看，全国卷试题高考英语试题整体难度稳定且适中，从教材出发，强调主
干知识的运用以及基本能力的考查。同时全国卷试题高考英语试题注重考查学生的思维品质、创
新能力以及解决实际问题的能力。
高考考题设问
考查类别
项目 语篇类
主题语境
卷别 型 段首 段中 段尾句
句 句
新高考Ⅰ卷
说明文 人与自我·自我原谅的一些具体方法 0 4 1
新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会·开始艺术之旅的好建议 1 3 1
2023年1月· 人与社会·如何使坐火车旅行尽可能愉
说明文 1 4 0
2023
浙江卷 快的建议
人与自我·介绍了成为一个有耐心的人
甲卷 说明文 1 3 1
的技巧
人与自然·介绍了在室内种植植物的好
乙卷 说明文 0 3 1
处以及如何选择适宜室内种植的植物
新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会·寻找锻炼伙伴 0 4 1
2022 甲卷 说明文 人与社会·外出用餐礼仪 1 3 1
乙卷 说明文 人与社会·如何维持友谊 3 1 1
新高考Ⅰ卷 记叙文 人与社会·体验巴黎人的生活 1 4 0
2021 甲卷 说明文 人与社会·旧衣物交换活动 1 4 0
乙卷 说明文 人与自我·使自己变得有趣 2 2 1
命题点01 设空在段首
典例01
【2023·全国甲卷·片段】
● ___19___.So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience
something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to
yourself, “___20Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding___.” You’ll then gradually
become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
【解题】 设空处位于本段段首。根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the
only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient
about the circumstances. ”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句
可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C 选项“接受不
舒服”符合语境。
典例02
【2022·全国乙卷·节选】
· 39
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.Although technology might
make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days.Simply keeping a diary that
keeps track of friends' birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
A．Remember important dates
B．Compensate by writing letters
C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【解析】本空是对段落小标题的考查。根据本段的 Anniversaries and birthdays ... special days.以及 keeps
track of friends' birthdays and other important dates 等关键信息可知，本段讲的是要记住重要的日子。故选
A项。
典例03【2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选】Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As
someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 38.The food is so
delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead,
they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
39 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I
bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were
the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E．That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F．Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
【解析】 根据空处所在的位置可知，该空很可能是承上启下的过渡句。设空处的上一段介绍了法国
人吃得少的一个原因是他们的食物美味，根据空后内容可知，该段主要讲述的是法国人吃得少的另一个原
因，即水果价格昂贵。设空处应起到承上启下的过渡作用。分析选项可知，E项符合语境，且该项中的
That指代上文论述的原因。
命题点02 设空在段中
典例01
【2023年新高考I卷】You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way,
you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine
through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any
time.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.【答案】19. C
【解析】根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the
aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众
不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换
意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符
合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让
朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In
fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实
上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一
致。故选C。
典例02
【2022·全国甲卷·节选】
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules.36.Don't get caught
making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable
meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you
to eat with a utensil in each hand. 38 ， instead preferring to use their hands.In Chile, you may never touch any
food with your fingers.People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
【解析】空前和空后分明讲了印度、中东、法国、智利以及泰国的风俗，空处也应是某个国家的风俗，
故C项符合语境，且C项与空后内容形成对比。
命题点03 设空在段尾
典例01【2021·1月浙江高考·节选】You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water.You get what you need,
head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong.People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the
parking lot. 31
It turns out, it's just math working against you；chances are, the other line really is faster.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
【解析】本题考查段尾过渡句。上文描述了你排队结账时，发现自己排的队伍总是比别的队伍慢这一
现象，下文的 It turns out 和 chances are, the other line really is faster点明了结论，所以空处应为对该现象提
出的疑问。结合选项来看，只有A项的内容与结论的内容相匹配，起到了上下文衔接的过渡作用。
典例02
【2020·全国Ⅰ卷·节选】·Recognize all of your strengths.Write them down in a journal.Begin to train your brain
to look at strength before weakness.List all of your accomplishments and achievements.You have a job，earned
your degree，and you got out of bed today. 39
A．Feeling upset again?
B．Where do you start?
C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember, you are only human.
E．Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F．Stop comparing yourself with others.
G．When does the comparison game start?
【解析】本题考查段尾总结句。根据本段首句可知，本段的主题是“认识到你所有的优点”，段中列
举了一些小的成绩，如有了一份工作，拿到了学位等，段尾应是对这些成绩做出总结：没有什么事情因太
小而不值得庆祝。故选C项。一、设空在段首
1．判断是不是段落主题句
(1)根据段落一致性原则认真阅读空格后内容，从词汇及句意两个方面判断其中的某个选项是否可以涵盖该
段主旨。
(2)着重阅读挖空后面的第一、二句，确定相关信息词。阅读时要学会瞻前顾后，注重逻辑关系的一致性。
2．判断是不是承上启下句
除第一段之外的其他段落段首设题时也有可能是承上启下句(第二段段首设题时该情况最常见)，这时需要
在熟悉上一段(段尾)内容的前提下，结合该段的其余内容，分析所选的答案是否能够将两个段落连贯起来。
3．利用平衡原则
对于有特殊标识的文章(如加黑、数字排序或其他特殊标识)做出选择时要充分利用与其他段落的平衡原则，
如：是不是祈使句(如上文)，平衡部分的主语是不是具有统一性等。有时这种关系也会体现在段落内部。
二、设空在段中
段中题解题的思维流程
设空位于段中，首先阅读选项并画出关键词；然后重点阅读设空处的前一句和后一句，画出关键词，
找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；1. 先看选项
七选五的选项较少，并且给出的都是句子。可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号先判断该
句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其它选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样可以直
接将该选项排除。
2. 再看空前空后
由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，可以通过选项中某个名词
或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。
3. 注意代词或定冠词
一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，因为我们知道，代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子
的，然后通过代词在句子中所做的成分我们可以推断出它指代的句子的类型，这样可以迅速的确定备选选
项。
三、设空在段尾
段尾题解题的思维流程
段尾设空的题多为总结本段内容，偶有起承上启下的作用。即要么是结论句，要么就是承上启下句。
题型和考查角度：
1. 结论句：用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。
2. 承上启下句：此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
1. 总结概括句
解题策略：
1. 做题时一要注意设空的前一句或前两三句；
2. 要注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结的词语如thus, therefore, hence, so, as a result, in a word, in
short, to conclude, to sum up等；
2. 承上启下(过渡)句
解题策略：
1.在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时要考虑与下一段开头是否有衔接，认真阅读下一段的开头几
句，看是否能紧密联系起来。
2.如果第一段的段尾是空白，往往是和下一段能连贯起来。
3.通常是结论、概括性语句。要注意表示总结的信号词，如therefore, as a result, hence, thus, to sum up, toconclude, in short, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
4.与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所 讲内
容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比、转折、排比、并列、递进等关系。根据段落一致性原则，在
原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，
考向01-设空在段首
1.【2023届辽宁省沈阳市二中模拟试题】
___
It’s easy to give in when your children are losing their tempers. But each time you give them what they want,
you teach your children that their unacceptable acts are an effective way to get their needs met. If you want to raise
mentally strong kids, stick to your limits.
A．Giving in to misbehavior
B．Keeping to your principles
C．Teach them not to give up dreams easily
D．Kids tend to have a wide variety of emotions
E．Therefore, set limits on what you give your children
F．You may think it’s cute to spend more money on your children
G．They are also more likely to struggle with self- confidence issues
【答案】A
【解析】根据下文“It’s easy to give in when your children are losing their tempers. But each time you give them
what they want, you teach your children that their unacceptable acts are an effective way to get their needs met. If
you want to raise mentally strong kids, stick to your limits. (当你的孩子发脾气时，你很容易屈服。但每次你给
他们想要的东西，你都会教育你的孩子，他们不可接受的行为是满足他们需求的有效途径。如果你想培养
心智健全的孩子，就要坚持自己的极限)”可知，这里指出父母向孩子的要求屈服的不当做法。选项A“向不
当行为屈服”和下文意思一致。故选A。
2.【2023·辽宁省沈阳市二中模拟试题】
___
It’s easy to give in when your children are losing their tempers. But each time you give them what they want,
you teach your children that their unacceptable acts are an effective way to get their needs met. If you want to raisementally strong kids, stick to your limits.
A．Giving in to misbehavior
B．Keeping to your principles
C．Teach them not to give up dreams easily
D．Kids tend to have a wide variety of emotions
E．Therefore, set limits on what you give your children
F．You may think it’s cute to spend more money on your children
G．They are also more likely to struggle with self- confidence issues
【答案】A
【解析】根据下文“It’s easy to give in when your children are losing their tempers. But each time you give them
what they want, you teach your children that their unacceptable acts are an effective way to get their needs met. If
you want to raise mentally strong kids, stick to your limits. (当你的孩子发脾气时，你很容易屈服。但每次你给
他们想要的东西，你都会教育你的孩子，他们不可接受的行为是满足他们需求的有效途径。如果你想培养
心智健全的孩子，就要坚持自己的极限)”可知，这里指出父母向孩子的要求屈服的不当做法。选项A“向不
当行为屈服”和下文意思一致。故选A。
考向02-设空在段中
1.【2023·吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校模拟试题】
Don’t watch or read scary content before bed.
Images-from any exciting or disturbing content you watch before bed can appear in your dreams. 164
Reading the news media and then hopping into bed is more likely to give rise to upsetting dreams than looking
through pictures from your last vacation with your family.
A．Use a white noise machine.
B．Practice stress-relieving activities.
C．A healthy sleep routine begets sound sleep.
D．Instead, try herbal teas and other drinks aiding sleep.
E．How can we reduce nightmares and improve our sleep?
F．During the pandemic, even our everyday lives are looking pretty scary, too.
G．Dreams and rapid eye movement sleep is essential for memory improvement.
【答案】F
【解析】根据上文提示“Images-from any exciting or disturbing content you watch before bed can appear inyour dreams.”（睡前观看的任何令人兴奋或不安的内容都会出现在你的梦中。）可知，睡觉前看那些好的
或不好的消息都会出现在你的梦中，再根据下文提示“Reading the news media and then hopping into bed is
more likely to give rise to upsetting dreams than looking through pictures from your last vacation with your
family.”（阅读新闻媒体，然后跳到床上，比浏览上次和家人度假的照片更容易引发令人不安的梦。）可知，
阅读这些新闻使你不安，这说明阅读的新闻是不好的消息，由此可知，F项“During the pandemic, even our
everyday lives are looking pretty scary, too.”（在大流行病期间，甚至我们的日常生活看起来也相当可怕。）
符合，引起下文，新闻媒体播放的那些消息正是疫情期间那些人们可怕的生活，即下文“the news media”
内容指的是“even our everyday lives are looking pretty scary”。故选F。
2.【2023·第八届湖北省高三4月调研】
The first consequence was quite amazing—On the first day in the office without my phone, I was thinking
more deeply and concentrating more. I rediscovered my brain!____37____Another consequence was that I actually
talked to people more and felt more connected to them. I realized I was being more responsive to their news and
sympathetic to their problems because I wasn’t constantly checking my phone. ____38____Their kindness made
me feel welcome, and I discovered my brain has very good GPS!
At the very beginning, I was worried that I would be bored without my phone, but actually I enjoyed it—I’d
forgotten how much I love books and newspapers.____39____And I also sensed that I slept so much better and felt
more awake in the morning.
A．Would I survive?
B．What’s the problem?
C．You never know, you may become smarter!
D．Without a phone at hand I was more productive.
E．Reading everyday made me feel a lot more special.
F．I’m a lot more careful about how much I use it now.
G．Another day I was in a new city and I asked people for directions.
37．D根据上文“On the first day in the office without my phone, I was thinking more deeply and concentrating
more. I rediscovered my brain!”和下文“Another consequence was that I actually talked to people more and felt
more connected to them.”可知，下文提到了另一个结果——与人交往更多。由此推知，空处应承接上文，讲
述没有智能手机在工作方面给作者带来的好处。D项“没有手机干扰，我的工作效率更高”符合语境，由
于思维集中，工作效率更高。故选D。
38．G根据下文“Their kindness made me feel welcome, and I discovered my brain has very good GPS!(他们的友善让我感到受欢迎，我发现我的大脑有很好的GPS！)”中的GPS推知，空处提到了一群帮作者指路的人。
G项“另一天，我在一个新城市，向人们问路”符合语境，下文their指代选项中提到的people。故选G。
39．E根据上文“At the very beginning, I was worried that I would be bored without my phone, but actually I
enjoyed it—I’d forgotten how much I love books and newspapers.”可知，没了手机作者可以通过阅读书和报纸
来度过。由此推知，空处应陈述和阅读有关的内容。E项“每天读书让我感觉更特别”符合语境，reading
呼应上文的books and newspapers。故选E。
考向03-设空在段尾
1.【2023·安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考】
Gather your information.
There’s lots of it out there, so having a clear idea of your question will help you determine what’s relevant. If
you’re trying to decide on a diet to improve your nutrition, you may ask an expert for their advice, or seek other
people’s opinions. ____ 3 7____
A．Explore other points of view.
B．Apply the information collected.
C．In other words, get to know what you’re looking for.
D．Then what about the long-term environmental effects?
E．But it can help us increase the number of positive choices we make.
F．Therefore, ask yourself about what interests you most and what is needed.
G．It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a wiser decision.
37．G上文“If you’re trying to decide on a diet to improve your nutrition, you may ask an expert for their advice,
or seek other people’s opinions.(如果你正试图决定饮食来改善你的营养，你可以向专家征求他们的建议，或
者寻求其他人的意见。)”可知，要收集建议。G项“It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to
a wiser decision. (它帮助你衡量不同的选择，让你更明智地做出决定。)”中it指代上文中的“ask an expert
for their advice, or seek other people’s opinions”，故选G。
2.【2023届福建省高三联合测评试题】
● Send e-mails instead of traditional mail.
Traditional, posted mails require a lot of paper. There are also some other disadvantages to traditional mail. E-
mails have a few advantages, including being delivered much quicker than traditional mail, the ability to be sent to
one person or a larger group, and being able to send them at any time.
A．Taking care of the Earth is everyone’s job.B．You could use note app or word processor to do this.
C．Using old newspapers is a great, eco-friendly way to wrap gifts.
D．You could also text or call someone as opposed to sending traditional mail.
E．The back of a piece of paper can be used for things like drafts or other notes.
F．It takes a lot less energy to recycle paper than to make some from raw material.
G．Traditional mail is perhaps one of the most exciting ways to hear from someone.
【答案】D
【解析】本段的标题是“Send e-mails instead of traditional mail. (用电子邮件代替传统信件。)”可知，根据D
项的关键词“traditional mail”提示，D项：You could also text or call someone as opposed to sending traditional
mail. (你也可以发短信或打电话，而不是发送传统的邮件。) 符合语境。故选D。
段首主旨句易错陷阱
段首句一般考查文章或段落的主题。首先应当采取形似原则，观察与其他段落首句是否出现相同结构，一
般考查祈使句的相同结构居多。其次应当研读上一段的内容，尤其是上一段结尾的内容，结合本段内容，
看选项是否符合逻辑上的紧密衔接。
1.【广东省七校联合体2023-2024学年高三联考试题】
Write out your goals. Be detailed, be clear, and include your steps. Writing them down tends to make them a
little more real.Keep your list in a place where you can get informed frequently. This will help keep you motivated.
20 You may find yourself set in your ways concerning broad life goals, but take the time to
reevaluate your smaller goals. Are you accomplishing them according to your timeline?Are they still necessary to
keep you on track towards your larger life goals? Allow yourself the flexibility (灵活性) to make some small
changes to your goals.
A．Adjust your goals.
B．Track and measure your progress.
C．Having a plan will help push you ahead.
D．Writing them down tends to make them a little more real.
E．Here are some important ideas that you may find helpful.
F．Consider what you hope to achieve in 10, 15, or 20 years.G．Remember that you may need to break large goals into smaller goals.
易错分析：1.不关注第二句的解释与主题句之前的联系。2.受第四句原词track的影响易误选B。
【答案】A
【解析】根据本段中“You may find yourself set in your ways concerning broad life goals, but take the time to
reevaluate your smaller goals.(你可能会发现自己在大的人生目标上设定了自己的方式，但要花时间重新评估
你的小目标)”和“Allow yourself the flexibility(灵活性) to make some small changes to your goals.(给自己一些
灵活性，对你的目标做一些小的改变)”可知，本段是说要灵活调整目标，故A项“调整你的目标”符合语
境。故选A。
3. 【2023上·山东青岛·高三统考期中】
Reading is one of the most important language skills because we use it to expand our vocabulary and improve
the way we speak, write and listen. 37 Seeing new ways to say things can help your understanding of
English and improve not only your reading, but also your other language skills.
A．Unfortunately, there is no easy way to do this.
B．Unlike listening, reading allows us to take our time.
C．Among the four skills, listening is the most important one.
D．It is hoped that you will love reading and improve your reading skills.
E．When we read, we can see how things are said, from sentence structure to expression.
F．If we do not, we will not be able to understand what the entire article or story is about.
G．Once we understand what the words mean, we need to figure out what the message is.
【答案】E
【解析】根据后文“Seeing new ways to say things can help your understanding of English and improve not only
your reading, but also your other language skills.(看到新的表达方式可以帮助你理解英语，不仅可以提高你的
阅读能力，还可以提高你的其他语言技能。)”可知，此处是指在进行英语阅读时要注意分析和学习，所以
选项E“当我们阅读时，我们可以看到事情是如何说的，从句子结构到表达。”切合文意。故选E。
3.【2023上·江苏连云港·高三统考期中】
At the age of 18, we become adults and are given the right to vote, to travel the world and to pursue our
dreams. At 60, we enter a new phase of life. It marks the start of retirement for most of us. There are 42 years
between these two major phases. Interestingly, the number 42 is also associated with marathons, which cover42 km.
3 6 Let’s explore.
It takes time to prepare.To run a full marathon, you need to train hard for months and even years, slowly building your endurance(耐
力). The same goes for building a savings pool for retirement. 3 7 So, if you’re thinking about saving for
retirement, don’t hesitate! Get started today.
A．It makes sense to cover every aspect.
B．Starting small and starting young is essential.
C．Preparing for the race requires more than just physical training.
D．Take your time to dream big and plan carefully your retirement.
E．The key is to find what works best for you and remain committed to it.
F．If so, take a page out of the marathon runner’s playbook and begin training.
G．Are there lessons in training and running a marathon- that can be applied to retirement planning?
【答案】36．G 37．B
【解析】36．根据前文“There are 42 years between these two major phases. Interestingly, the number 42 is also
associated with marathons, which cover42 km.(这两个主要阶段之间相隔42年。有趣的是，42这个数字也与
马拉松有关，全程42公里)”可知，此处指出从成年到退休是42年，马拉松全程也是42公里，二者之间是
否有相关之处，后文应对此进行说明。G选项“Are there lessons in training and running a marathon- that can
be applied to retirement planning?(在训练和跑马拉松中，有什么经验可以应用到退休计划中吗？)”承接前文
内容，提出疑问即马拉松的训练是否有什么经验可以应用到退休的计划中，符合语境。故选G。
37．根据前文“To run a full marathon, you need to train hard for months and even years, slowly building your
endurance (耐力). The same goes for building a savings pool for retirement. (要跑完全程马拉松，你需要几个月
甚至几年的艰苦训练，慢慢建立你的耐力。为退休建立一个储蓄池也是如此)”可知，跑马拉松则需要几个
月甚至几年的艰苦训练，慢慢地建立耐力，退休也是如此需要为自己建立储蓄池，因此后文应该提出如何
建立自己的储蓄池。B选项“Starting small and starting young is essential.(从小处做起，从小时做起是至关重
要的。)”承接前文，指出通过从小处做起，从小时做起才能够建立自己的储蓄池，符合语境。故选B。
（2023上·河北廊坊·高三河北省文安县第一中学校联考期中）
Research suggests that parental favouritism is surprisingly common, and can actually be very harmful. 1
. Widespread as it is, it can damage children’s well-being across the lifespan, from their childhood to middle age
and beyond. It is considered such an important factor in a range of emotional problems that psychologists have aname for it—“parental differential treatment”.
However, siblings (兄弟姐妹) in the same family may disagree over whether their family is even affected by
it. 2 . Laurie Kramer, a professor of applied psychology says, “It is an experience that a parent prefers
another child to them.” She adds, “ 3 . It possibly means less control, so that they may enjoy fewer
restrictions and be subject to less discipline or even punishment.”
4 . Such perceived parental favouritism has been associated with low self-esteem in children, as well
as childhood anxiety, depression, and behavioural problems. There may also be a knock-on effect on emotional
well-being that causes more indirect problems.
In a small Canadian study of eight homeless teenagers, seven said they felt that their parents had favoured a
sibling over them while they had always been the “problem children”. 5 . While the study may be too
small to draw wider conclusions, it highlights just how far a child’s experience of favouritism can potentially go.
A．Being the favourite can also come with pain
B．That’s because feeling less-favoured can be very subjective
C．This could mean devoting more time, attention or affection
D．They believed this had contributed to the breakdown of family ties
E．This may not be the same observation that the other siblings encounter
F．For those who feel they are treated as second-best, the consequences can be serious
G．It occurs in around 65% of families, and has been studied across different cultures
【答案】1．G 2．B 3．C 4．F 5．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了家长的偏爱会对孩子产生不良的影响。
1．上文“Research suggests that parental favouritism is surprisingly common, and can actually be very harmful.
(研究表明，父母的偏爱非常普遍，而且实际上可能非常有害。)”说明父母的偏爱既普遍又有害，选项
G“它发生在大约65%的家庭中，并且已经在不同的文化中进行了研究”承接上文，具体说明它的普遍性。
选项中It指上文中parental favouritism，语义一致，故选G项。
2．上文“However, siblings (兄弟姐妹) in the same family may disagree over whether their family is even
affected by it. (然而，同一家庭的兄弟姐妹可能会对他们的家庭是否受到偏爱的影响意见不一。)”说明同一
家庭的兄弟姐妹会对家庭偏爱的影响意见不一，这是孩子的主观意识。选项B“那是因为感觉不那么受欢迎
是非常主观的”承接上文，和上文之间是因果关系。故选B项。
3．上文“It is an experience that a parent prefers another child to them. (这是一种父母更喜欢另一个孩子而不
是自己的经历。)”谈到偏爱的经历，选项C“这可能意味着投入更多的时间、精力或感情”承接上文，是对这种经历的具体说明，所谓偏爱意味着父母对某个孩子投入更多。故选C项。
4．下文“Such perceived parental favouritism has been associated with low self-esteem in children, as well as
childhood anxiety, depression, and behavioural problems. (这种感知到的父母偏袒与儿童的低自尊、儿童焦虑、
抑郁和行为问题有关。)”说明了孩子不受待见的不良后果，选项F“对于那些觉得自己被置于次要位置的人
来说，后果可能很严重”引领下文，说明父母偏爱对于被认为自己不是父母的最爱的孩子有严重后果。故
选F项。
5．上文“In a small Canadian study of eight homeless teenagers, seven said they felt that their parents had
favoured a sibling over them while they had always been the ‘problem children’. (在加拿大对8名无家可归的青
少年进行的一项小型研究中，有7人表示，他们觉得自己的父母更偏爱兄弟姐妹，而他们一直是‘问题儿
童’。)”说明一些无家可归的青少年之所以离开家庭是因为他们认为父母偏爱其他兄弟姐妹，选项D“他们
认为这导致了家庭关系的破裂”承接上文，说明他们认为父母偏爱导致了家庭破裂。故选D项。
（2023上·陕西榆林·高三校考期中）
Moving your body regularly and often is a key to good health. But for people who don’t feel the urge to
exercise, sitting can become a habit that hurts the body and the brain. Here are some easy tips that will invite more
movement into your routines.
Budget in some mobile breaks.
6 For example, for every hour that you’re sitting, you might expect yourself to get up for 10 minutes
and move around. Schools and workplaces can be creative about building those breaks into the day.
Give yourself prompts (提示).
Are you forgetting to get up? 7 Let it remind you to “break up” an hour of sitting with short breaks for
something simple, says Aaron Kandola at University College London. For example, you might use the short break
to empty the dishwasher or pick up the dog’s toys.
8
“If it’s nice weather, you should surely get out for a walk,” says Tatiana Warren of Just TATI in Baltimore. If
the weather is bad, plan for other options. You can dance around the room or jog in place a bit. 9 For
example, the Lake County YMCA in Ohio has free 8-to 12-minute kids’ yoga videos. Their themes include Star
Wars, dinosaurs and the jungle.
Use the partner system.
Work with friends to remind each other to stand up and stretch. Or remind each other to stand when you’re on
the phone. Get your family involved, too. Warren says her cousins’ family likes to play board games. But they oftenstand to reach for something or even jump during the games. 10
A．Seek for challenges.
B．Work with what you have.
C．Set an alarm clock if you have to.
D．Or try short online exercise videos.
E．No one sits still for long, she says.
F．Make a conscious effort and set simple goals
G．Exercise videos help them to realize their health goals
【答案】6．F 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。久坐不利于身体健康，因此我们应该多运动。本文主要介绍了四条如何在日
常生活中多动少坐的建议。
【详解】1.根据本标题“Budget in some mobile breaks.”（一些移动休息时间的预算。）可知，本段主要介
绍要多给自己移动休息的时间， 下文“For example, for every hour that you’re sitting, you might expect
yourself to get up for 10 minutes and move around.”（例如，你坐着的每一个小时，你可能希望自己起床10分
钟并且四处走动。）举例子说明要设定一些目标，F项“有意识地努力并设定简单的目标”符合。故选
F。
2. 根据本段的小标题“Give yourself prompts (提示).”（给自己一些提示）及空后“Let it remind you to
‘break up’ an hour of sitting with short breaks for something simple...”（让它提醒你为了一些简单的事情“打
破”一个小时的坐着和短暂的休息）可知，要给自己一些提示，空处应该具体介绍下文的“it”，C项“如
果有必要的话，你可以设置一个闹钟”符合，这是一种提示，下文it代指选项中an alarm clock。故选C。
3. 根据本段的内容““If it’s nice weather, you should surely get out for a walk,” says Tatiana Warren of Just
TATI in Baltimore. If the weather is bad, plan for other options. You can dance around the room or jog in place a
bit. ”（巴尔的摩Just TATI的塔蒂亚娜•沃伦(Tatiana Warren)表示: “如果天气不错，你肯定应该出去散散
步。”如果天气不好，计划其他选择。你可以在房间里跳舞或者原地慢跑。）可知，本段主要讲述在现有
的条件下尽可能运动，故B项“ 利用你所拥有的。”符合本段主题。故选B。
4. 下文“For example, the Lake County YMCA in Ohio has free 8-to 12-minute kids’ yoga videos. Their themes
include Star Wars, dinosaurs and the jungle.”（例如，俄亥俄州的莱克县基督教青年会(Lake County YMCA)就
有8到12分钟的免费儿童瑜伽视频。他们的主题包括星球大战，恐龙和丛林。）举例说明可以在网上看一
些有关运动的视频，D项“或者可以尝试网上的运动短视频”符合。故选D。
5. 根据空前“Warren says her cousins’ family likes to play board games. But they often stand to reach forsomething or even jump during the games.”（沃伦说她表亲的家人喜欢玩棋类游戏。但是他们经常站着去拿
东西，甚至在比赛中跳起来。）可知，沃伦的家人不会一动不动地一直坐着，E项“她说没有人长时间一
动不动地坐着”符合。故选E。
（2023上·山东日照·高三山东省日照实验高级中学校联考期中）
When people first come across the Law of Attraction (吸引力法则), their hearts and minds often immediately
think of one specific thing that they’d love to achieve in their lives. However, the next thought is often “But I can’t
do that”. You may come up with all kinds of excuses. 11 Here are the reasons why you should believe you
can use the Law of Attraction to obtain whatever you want.
Small steps create big changes. One of the most common reasons for abandoning dreams is that they simply
seem too huge to realize. Usually it’s manageable to think of following your dream as taking a series of significant
but small steps. 12 Then look at each of them. Not so unrealistic now, is it?
13 When people are interviewed on their deathbeds or write about their lives in autobiographies (自
传), it is often observed that major regrets tend to relate to things that were not done. In older age, it’s likely that
you will be uncomfortable with the idea that you didn’t even try to do the thing that you loved or attempt to obtain
what you truly wanted. 14 But you don’t ever need to feel this way! Make today the first day of your new
journey towards avoiding regret.
Steps towards your dream are never backwards steps. Another common worry is that if you follow your
dreams, you’ll be “taking steps back”. 15 However, what looks like backward steps in your old life can
more productively and accurately be seen as forwarding steps in the brand new life you’re creating.
A．You can avoid regret.
B．It is no use regretting it.
C．Luckily, the truth is that it’s never too late to follow your dream.
D．It often comes up when people are at the top of careers they hate.
E．It is painful to feel like you haven’t ever found your true purpose.
F．For example, challenge yourself to write down the path to success in ten stages.
G．You have enough life experience and knowledge to pursue your dream.
【答案】11．C 12．F 13．A 14．E 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种可以让你保持追逐梦想的方法和建议。
11．根据上文“You may come up with all kinds of excuses.”（你可能会想出各种各样的借口。）提到不想付
诸行动的各种借口。以及下文“Here are the reasons why you should believe you can use the Law of Attractionto obtain whatever you want.”（下面是为什么你应该相信你可以利用吸引力法则得到你想要的任何东西的原
因。）提到建议和方法。结合选项C项Luckily, the truth is that it’s never too late to follow your dream.（幸运
的是，事实是，追逐梦想永远不会太晚。）可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯，符合语
境。故选C项。
12．根据上文“Usually it’s manageable to think of following your dream as taking a series of significant but
small steps.”（通常情况下，你可以把追求梦想看成是一系列重要而又小的步骤。）说明把追求梦想看成重
要而又小的步骤。结合选项F项For example, challenge yourself to write down the path to success in ten stages.
（例如，挑战自己，把通往成功的道路分为十个阶段。）为具体举例解释这一方法，和上文内容意思一致，
为上文内容的语意递进。故选F项。
13．由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“When people are interviewed on their deathbeds
or write about their lives in autobiographies (自传), it is often observed that major regrets tend to relate to things
that were not done. In older age, it’s likely that you will be uncomfortable with the idea that you didn’t even try to
do the thing that you loved or attempt to obtain what you truly wanted.”（当人们在弥留之际接受采访，或在自
传中讲述他们的生活时，我们常常发现，主要的遗憾往往与没有做过的事情有关。在年老的时候，你很可
能会因为你甚至没有尝试做你喜欢的事情或试图获得你真正想要的东西而感到不舒服。）可知，讲的是遗
憾往往与没有做过的事情有关。结合选项A项You can avoid regret.（你可以避免后悔。）意思一致，都是
讲的关于如何止让自己避免后悔的内容，为总结该段内容。故选A项。
14．根据上文“In older age, it’s likely that you will be uncomfortable with the idea that you didn’t even try to do
the thing that you loved or attempt to obtain what you truly wanted.”（在年老的时候，你很可能会因为你甚至
没有尝试做你喜欢的事情或试图获得你真正想要的东西而感到不舒服。）提到没有尝试做你喜欢的事情或
试图获得你真正想要的东西。以及下文“But you don’t ever need to feel this way!”（但是你不需要有这种感
觉！）结合选项E项It is painful to feel like you haven’t ever found your true purpose.（感觉自己还没有找到自
己真正的目标是很痛苦的。）可知，为对上文内容的语意递进，同时引起下文，下文中提到的feel this way
（这种感觉）指的就是该句中的内容。上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选E项。
15．根据上文“Another common worry is that if you follow your dreams, you’ll be “taking steps back”.”（另一
个常见的担忧是，如果你追随梦想，你会“后退一步”。）说明追随梦想，你会“后退一步”的这种担忧。
以及下文“However, what looks like backward steps in your old life can more productively and accurately be seen
as forwarding steps in the brand new life you’re creating.”（然而，在你的旧生活中，那些看起来像是倒退的步
骤，可以更有效、更准确地被视为你正在创造的全新生活中的前进步骤。）为转折说明这些担忧可能是创造的全新生活中的前进步骤。结合选项D项It often comes up when people are at the top of careers they hate.
（当人们处于自己讨厌的职业巅峰时，这种情况就会出现。）可知，和上下文内容紧密连接，起到上下文
的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
（2023上·广东·高三金山中学校联考期中）
Teenagers are spending more money than ever. Just last year, 31.6 million teens spent 155 billion, according to
the North-brook, Illinois-based market research group Teenage Research Unlimited. 16
Shocked at how much money kids spend? Maybe you haven’t checked the price tags lately on some of the
younger generation’s must-haves. To some, such luxurious spending on the changeable young might seem
unbearable. 17 Timothy Marshall, an associate professor of developmental psychology at Christopher
Newport University in Virginia, analyzed the widespread phenomenon after some research.
One factor is surely the sheer power of marketing through mass media. Teenagers are exposed to an estimated
3,000 advertisements each day. Combine the ads with programming itself, like the fashion-, music- and skin-filled
shows on MTV, and you’ve got a large number of messages telling kids what they should own if they want to fit in.
Many working parents probably compensate by spending money on their kids. 18 But also, spending
money is often more convenient in our fast-paced society than going to baseball games or other activities.
For many families, of course, keeping up with their children’s costly demands for designer clothing, CDs, and
concert tickets is a financial impossibility. Marshall says, even for those families who can afford such luxurious
spending, striking a compromise between spoiling the kids and denying them is tricky, but possible.
19 Instead of just giving children the toys or clothing they desire, give them an allowance and show
them how they can save up for whatever they want. And don’t be afraid to just say no. Most of the parents are
working nine-to-five or even working overtime to make ends meet. Therefore, shoulder the responsibility of
instructing the kids to tell right from wrong, and developing healthy habits of spending money is of great
importance. 20
A．Why do some parents give in?
B．How did they persuade parents to pay?
C．Teaching kids how to budget and save is key.
D．Kids shouldn’t always take money for granted.
E．Much of that money, of course, comes from parents.
F．We need to step up and tell kids where the boundaries are.
G．There is probably some guilt involved in not spending enough time at home.【答案】16．E 17．A 18．G 19．C 20．F
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了父母给青少年大量零花钱来满足他们的消费习惯这一现象并给出相关
建议。
16．根据上文“Teenagers are spending more money than ever. Just last year, 31.6 million teens spent 155 billion,
according to the North-brook, Illinois-based market research group Teenage Research Unlimited.(青少年比以往任
何时候都花更多的钱。据总部位于伊利诺伊州诺斯布鲁克的市场研究机构“青少年无限研究”称，仅去年
一年，就有3160万青少年消费了1550亿美元)”可知，上文提到青少年比过去花了更多的钱，并列举了数
据。根据下文中提到的青少年花钱的原因与父母有关以及父母该怎么做，需引出钱是父母的。故E选项
“当然，这些钱大部分来自父母”符合语境，故选E。
17．根据上文“Shocked at how much money kids spend? Maybe you haven’t checked the price tags lately on
some of the younger generation’s must-haves. To some, such luxurious spending on the changeable young might
seem unbearable.(孩子们花这么多钱震惊了吗？也许你最近没有看过一些年轻一代必备品的价格标签。对一
些人来说，在多变的年轻人身上如此奢侈的消费似乎难以忍受)”可知，第二段讲到一些奢侈的花销是不可
忍受的，但家长仍然付钱了，结合下文“Timothy Marshall, an associate professor of developmental
psychology at Christopher Newport University in Virginia, analyzed the widespread phenomenon after some
research.(蒂莫西·马歇尔(Timothy Marshall)是弗吉尼亚州克里斯托弗·纽波特大学(Christopher Newport
University)发展心理学副教授，经过一些研究后，他分析了这一普遍现象)”表明教授对于这一现象做出研究，
故本句设问提出：为什么父母会允许孩子花这么多钱。故A选项“为什么有些父母会让步？”符合语境，
故选A。
18．根据上文“Many working parents probably compensate by spending money on their kids.(许多有工作的父
母可能会把钱花在孩子身上作为补偿)”以及后文“But also, spending money is often more convenient in our
fast-paced society than going to baseball games or other activities.(而且，在我们这个快节奏的社会里，花钱往
往比参加棒球比赛或其他活动更方便)”可知，本段主要讲家长为孩子花钱的一个原因——心理补偿。故G
选项“没有足够的时间待在家里可能会有负罪感”符合语境，说明补偿的原因。故选G。
19．根据后文“Instead of just giving children the toys or clothing they desire, give them an allowance and show
them how they can save up for whatever they want. And don’t be afraid to just say no. Most of the parents are
working nine-to-five or even working overtime to make ends meet. Therefore, shoulder the responsibility of
instructing the kids to tell right from wrong, and developing healthy habits of spending money is of great
importance.(不要只给孩子想要的玩具或衣服，给他们零花钱，告诉他们如何攒钱买他们想要的东西。不要
害怕说不。大多数父母都是朝九晚五的工作，甚至加班来维持生计。因此，肩负起教育孩子辨别是非的责任，培养健康的花钱习惯是非常重要的)”可知，本段主要讲家长应如何解决孩子花钱过多的问题：给零花
钱但教会孩子省着花钱。 本空在段首，为全段的总起句，C选项的budget（谨慎花钱）与本段大意呼应。
故C选项“教孩子如何谨慎花钱和储蓄是关键。”符合语境，故选C。
20．根据上文“Therefore, shoulder the responsibility of instructing the kids to tell right from wrong, and
developing healthy habits of spending money is of great importance.(因此，肩负起教育孩子辨别是非的责任，
培养健康的花钱习惯是非常重要的)”可知，本段主要讲家长应如何解决孩子花钱过多的问题，得出结论：
家长要承担引导孩子、培养良好习惯。F选项中we指代parents，故F选项“我们需要站出来，告诉孩子们
界限在哪里”符合语境，故选F。
（2023上·浙江·高三台州中学校联考期中）
It can be hard to stay motivated when you are on a training plan and this can lead to you missing essential
sessions. 21 Luckily, we have some tried and tested motivational tricks that will ensure you keep running
all year around.
Run with a partner. If you can, ask a friend to run with you, as then you have a reason to go out, even when
you don’t want to. 22 You need someone who will help you out of the door on cold winter mornings.
23 . A fast-track way to lose your motivation is to always run the same route over and over again. Mix it
up by changing where you run. Try a new route and you will focus on things like how you are feeling rather than
when you hit the next lamppost or tree.
Mix up the training. 24 If you usually go for a long, slow run on a Sunday morning, why not try a little
sprint session instead? You can pick a landmark anywhere and run as fast as you can until you get to it, before
slowing down again to recover.
Listen to music. The race itself will have plenty of motivational factors to keep you going, with the crowds
cheering and other runners to concentrate on, but if you are out on your own, your favorite song can really cheer
you up if you’re feeling that lull (低谷期) come over you. 25
A．Vary your locations.
B．Stimulate your motivation.
C．You also need to vary your training patterns.
D．This is especially the case when it comes to the cold months.
E．Make sure you don’t pick someone who is likely to cancel on you.
F．Some music devices will help you to stay motivated and on target.
G．Music can help keep you going when the running gets a little tough.【答案】21．D 22．E 23．A 24．C 25．G
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些增强跑步动力的方法。
21．根据上文“It can be hard to stay motivated when you are on a training plan and this can lead to you missing
essential sessions. (当你在一个训练计划中很难保持动力，这可能会导致你错过重要的课程。)”可知，空格
处应该进一步说明不利的条件。选项D. This is especially the case when it comes to the cold months. (在寒冷的
月份尤其如此。)说明的是不利的条件，承接上文；符合语境。故选D。
22．根据下文“You need someone who will help you out of the door on cold winter mornings. (你需要有人在寒
冷的冬天早晨帮你出门。)”可知，前面的句子应该是说要找一个适合的人一起跑步。选项E. Make sure you
don’t pick someone who is likely to cancel on you. (确保你没有选择一个可能会取消你约会的人。)说明的是找
一个合适的人，符合语境，引出下文。故选E。
23．根据下文“A fast-track way to lose your motivation is to always run the same route over and over again. Mix
it up by changing where you run. (让你失去动力的一个快速途径就是总是一遍又一遍地跑同样的路线。通过
改变你跑步的地方来混合。)”可知，前面的句子应该是说要改变跑步的地点。选项A. Vary your locations.
(改变你的位置。)符合语境，能够作为本段的主题句。故选A。
24．根据上文“Mix up the training. (混合训练。)”为本段的主题句，可知，空格处应该进一步说明改变训练
方式。选项C. You also need to vary your training patterns. (你还需要改变你的训练模式。)符合语境，承接上
文。故选C。
25．根据前文“The race itself will have plenty of motivational factors to keep you going, with the crowds
cheering and other runners to concentrate on, but if you are out on your own, your favorite song can really cheer
you up if you're feeling that lull(低谷期) come over you. (比赛本身会有很多激励因素让你继续前进，人群会欢
呼，其他选手也会集中精力，但如果你一个人出去，你最喜欢的歌曲真的可以让你振作起来，如果你感到
平静。)”可知，空格处的句子应该是说音乐帮助度过低谷期有关的话题。选项G. Music can help keep you
going when the running gets a little tough. (当跑步变得有点艰难时，音乐可以帮助你继续前进。)承接上文，
进一步说明音乐帮助度过低谷期。故选G。
（2023上·四川雅安·高三雅安中学校联考期中）
We’re fortunate to have access to the dynamic network technology, which provides rich resources for learning,
connecting and entertaining ourselves. 26 The same tool that can enhance our work efficiency also has the
power to trap us in a web of distractions (分心之事).
27 An astonishing 84.4% of us, on average, report being distracted at work. There are some usual
suspects. Emails steal the attention of 26%. Phone calls and texts influence a massive 43%. Coworkers shift theattention of 27%. And the Internet, with its infinite source of information and entertainment, distracts 41% of us.
What’s more, a survey reveals that an overwhelming 67% of workers say that their work is often affected by the
excessive time spent on meetings and calls.
These distractions are more than mere annoyances. 28 It is their lasting impact that makes it
impossible for us to focus on any single task. In this way, they greatly reduce our work efficiency.
A study offers more insight into our struggle with distractions. It found that our brain waves pulsate (搏动) at
different frequencies depending on the type of external stimuli. The rhythm is faster for automatic stimuli but slows
down for tasks we consciously choose to focus on. 29
Just think about it: You’re involved in a project, and then your phone receives a text message. 30 And
regaining your focus might be harder than you anticipate, The same goes for that catchy news headline or an
interesting social media post that catches your eye-pulling you away from your task and making you lost in the sea
of distractions.
A．But it is double-edged.
B．Some distractions can be avoided.
C．Statistics reveal how common this issue is.
D．They’re also persistent and endless in getting our attention.
E．The sound of it is loud enough to interrupt your concentration.
F．Stimulating our interest and increasing the speed of our work are important.
G．This makes maintaining focus in the noisy world an ever-increasing challenge.
【答案】26．A 27．C 28．D 29．G 30．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了我们受到外界干扰的原因。
26．根据上文“We’re fortunate to have access to the dynamic network technology, which provides rich resources
for learning, connecting and entertaining ourselves.(我们有幸接触到动态的网络技术，它为我们学习、联系和
娱乐提供了丰富的资源)”以及后文“The same tool that can enhance our work efficiency also has the power to
trap us in a web of distractions (分心之事).(同样的工具可以提高我们的工作效率，也有能力让我们陷入分心
的网络中)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出网络技术的有利有弊。故A选项“但这是一把双刃剑”符合
语境，故选A。
27．根据后文“An astonishing 84.4% of us, on average, report being distracted at work. There are some usual
suspects. Emails steal the attention of 26%. Phone calls and texts influence a massive 43%. Coworkers shift the
attention of 27%. And the Internet, with its infinite source of information and entertainment, distracts 41% of us.What’s more, a survey reveals that an overwhelming 67% of workers say that their work is often affected by the
excessive time spent on meetings and calls.(平均而言，84.4%的人在工作中分心，这一比例令人震惊。有一些
常见的疑点。电子邮件抢走了26%的人的注意力。电话和短信影响了43%的人。同事转移了27%的注意力。
而互联网，以其无限的信息和娱乐来源，分散了我们41%的注意力。此外，一项调查显示，高达67%的员
工表示，他们的工作经常受到花在会议和电话上的过多时间的影响)”可知，本段主要通过具体的数据说明
了员工容易被网络分心。故C选项“统计数据揭示了这个问题有多普遍”符合语境，故选C。
28．根据上文“These distractions are more than mere annoyances.(这些干扰不仅仅是烦恼)”可知，本句承接
上文继续说明干扰的其他消极影响。故D选项“它们还会持续不断地吸引我们的注意力”符合语境，故选
D。
29．根据上文“A study offers more insight into our struggle with distractions. It found that our brain waves
pulsate (搏动) at different frequencies depending on the type of external stimuli. The rhythm is faster for automatic
stimuli but slows down for tasks we consciously choose to focus on.(一项研究为我们与分心的斗争提供了更多
的见解。研究发现，我们的脑电波以不同的频率脉动，这取决于外部刺激的类型。对于自动刺激，节奏更
快，但对于我们有意识地选择关注的任务，节奏会减慢)”可知，上文提到了自动刺激会让我们节奏减慢，
本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明其带来的影响：使得在嘈杂的世界中保持专注成为一个越来越大的
挑战。故G选项“这使得在嘈杂的世界中保持专注成为一个越来越大的挑战”符合语境，故选G。
30．根据上文“Just think about it: You’re involved in a project, and then your phone receives a text message.(试
想一下：你正在参与一个项目，然后你的手机收到一条短信)”可知，上文提到收到了一条短信，故本句应
说明短信给你带来的影响：打断你的注意力。故E选项“它的声音大到足以打断你的注意力”符合语境，
故选E。
（2023上·四川成都·高三石室中学校考期中）
Studies have shown that walking among trees makes us relaxed. 31 There’s plenty of research
showing the link between being in nature and being happy, but most of the research has focused on adults.
32 Explaining the motivation behind the study, researchers note that with environmental issues such as
global warming, more studies are focusing on the relationships between humans and nature to find solutions to
these problems, and the future of the planet lies in the hands of children and their actions. However, few studies
focus on this aspect.
For the study, researchers worked with 296 children between the ages of 9 and 12. To measure how connected
they were to nature, the kids were asked how much they enjoy activities like seeing wildflowers and wild animals,
hearing sounds of nature and touching animals and plants. 33 They also found that the more concernedchildren were about the environment and nature, the more likely they were to be happy.
So exposure to nature is related to active behaviors and happiness of children. What does that mean to adults?
As we all know, children usually tend to follow adults, especially their parents’ behaviors. 34 And if parents
enjoy being close to nature, so will their children.
Researchers say that children need role models who can guide them to nature with excitement and an attitude
of a lifelong learner. Parents don’t have to be experts in environmental science or nature studies. 35
A．It’s so good going for a walk around trees.
B．Even just smelling the trees helps reduce anxiety.
C．That’s to say, when adults are outside and appreciate nature, kids learn by example.
D．What’s more important is that they spend time together with children exploring nature.
E．They found that the kids connected to nature were more likely to behave actively.
F．In a new study, researchers wanted to see if kids get the same benefits from being outdoors.
G．Researchers will study more about the connection between children’s happiness and nature.
【答案】31．B 32．F 33．E 34．C 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了许多研究表明接近自然和快乐之间存在联系，但大多数研究都针
对的是成年人，而一项新的研究关注的是儿童，这项研究表明接近和关心大自然的孩子更有可能变得积极
和开心，而且孩子的行为受到父母影响。
31．前文“Studies have shown that walking among trees makes us relaxed.(研究表明，在树间散步使我们放
松。)”讲述了研究表明林中散步有助于放松，空处应进一步进行说明，B项“即使只是闻一闻树也有助于
减少焦虑。”符合题意，选项中的trees对应前文中的trees，“helps reduce anxiety”与前文中的“makes us
relaxed”相对照。故选B。
32．第一段最后一句“There’s plenty of research showing the link between being in nature and being happy, but
most of the research has focused on adults.(有大量研究表明了生活在大自然中与快乐之间存在联系，但大多
数研究都集中在成年人身上。)”指出关于自然与快乐之间关系的大多研究都关注的是成年人，后文
“Explaining the motivation behind the study, researchers note that with environmental issues such as global
warming, more studies are focusing on the relationships between humans and nature to find solutions to these
problems, and the future of the planet lies in the hands of children and their actions.(在解释这项研究背后的动机
时，研究人员指出，随着全球变暖等环境问题的出现，越来越多的研究将重点放在人类与自然之间的关系
上，以找到解决这些问题的方法，而地球的未来掌握在儿童及其行动的手中。)”讲述了进行这项研究是因
为地球的未来掌握在儿童及其行动的手中，由此可知，空处讲述的是有一项研究关注的是儿童，F项“在一项新的研究中，研究人员想看看孩子们是否能从户外活动中获得同样的好处。”符合题意。故选F。
33．后文“They also found that the more concerned children were about the environment and nature, the more
likely they were to be happy.(他们还发现，孩子们越关心环境和自然，他们就越有可能快乐。)”讲述了研究
人员还发现的现象，由此可知，空处讲述的应是研究人员的发现，E项“他们发现，与大自然有联系的孩
子更有可能表现得更积极。”符合题意，选项中的“They found”和后文中的“They also found”对应。故选
E。
34．前文“As we all know, children usually tend to follow adults, especially their parents’ behaviors.(众所周知，
孩子通常倾向于跟随成年人，尤其是他们父母的行为。)”讲述了孩子会受到父母行为的影响，空处应对此
进行进一步说明，C项“也就是说，当成年人在户外欣赏大自然时，孩子们会效仿榜样。”对前文进行解
释说明。故选C。
35．前文“Parents don’t have to be experts in environmental science or nature studies.(父母不必是环境科学或
自然研究方面的专家。)”讲述了父母不需要成为专家，空处应讲述对孩子真正重要的事情，D项“更重要
的是，他们花时间和孩子们一起探索大自然。”符合题意。故选D。
（2023上·江苏南通·高三海安高级中学校考期中）
“We are becoming the people we wanted to be,” Gloria Steinem, a journalist and social activist, declared in the
1970s. So have women really become the people they wanted to be? Yes. 36 And they are nurses, clerks,
doctors, scientists and so on. For a better understanding, here are some true data about women at work.
37
One of the great changes in gender equality is taking place in education. More women graduate from high
school, attend and graduate from college. In 1994, 63 percent of female high school graduates and 61 percent of
male high school graduates were enrolled in college the following fall, according to the Pew Research Center. By
2012, that number for women jumped to 71 percent, but remained unchanged for males, at 61 percent.
The wage gap between males and females is still existing.
Even as more women are flooding onto college campuses, here’s a disappointing trend. 38 But there
still is a gap between their earnings and men’s earnings. Women in professional specialty occupations earn 72.7
percent of what men in the same position earn.
Is there any place women earn the same as men?
No. Unfortunately, there is no such place. But it can be to a woman’s advantage to work in a labor union.
39 So, while there is a gap, it’s much less than in professions without unions, where women make 72 percent
of men’s incomes.Women bring home more income.
40 Over 40 percent of moms are now the sole or primary source of income in U.S. households.
Women are now the primary or co-money-maker in nearly two-thirds of American families and working married
women bring home 44 percent of their family income.
A．Education is specially significant for women.
B．Women are taking higher education by storm.
C．It is a fact that women climb higher in the work world now.
D．An increasing number of women have joined the workforce.
E．More than ever before, women are the breadwinners in the household.
F．Today, 30 percent of all the businesses are owned and operated by women.
G．Women who work in unionized professions make 82 percent of men’s incomes.
【答案】36．D 37．B 38．C 39．G 40．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是关于职场女性的一些真实数据。
36．空后“And they are nurses, clerks, doctors, scientists and so on.(她们是护士，职员，医生，科学家等
等。)”说明女性有了各种各样的工作，D选项“An increasing number of women have joined the workforce.(越
来越多的妇女加入了劳动力队伍。)”说明越来越多人成为了劳动力，也就是有了工作，和空后内容一致，
因此引起下文，符合语境，故选D。
37．空格处是本段小标题，由空后的“More women graduate from high school, attend and graduate from
college. In 1994, 63 percent of female high school graduates and 61 percent of male high school graduates were
enrolled in college the following fall, according to the Pew Research Center. By 2012, that number for women
jumped to 71 percent, but remained unchanged for males, at 61 percent.(更多的女性从高中毕业，进入大学并从
大学毕业。根据皮尤研究中心(Pew Research Center)的数据，1994年，63%的女性高中毕业生和61%的男性
高中毕业生在第二年秋天进入大学。到2012年，女性的这一比例跃升至71%，但男性的这一比例保持不变，
仍为61%。)”可知，本段主要讲的是女性受教育的比例越来越高，B选项“Women are taking higher
education by storm.(女性正在像暴风雨一样接受高等教育。)”说明女性越来越多地接受高等教育，因此概括
了本段内容，可作为小标题，故选B。
38．空后“But there still is a gap between their earnings and men’s earnings. Women in professional specialty
occupations earn 72.7 percent of what men in the same position earn.(但她们的收入与男性之间仍然存在差距。
在专业领域，女性的收入是男性的72.7%。)”说明女性的收入比男性低，空后内容和空前是转折关系，因
此空格处应该说一个比较好的现象，C选项“It is a fact that women climb higher in the work world now.(事实上，现在女性在职场的地位越来越高。)”说明了女性在职场的地位越来越高，这是一个好事情，因此引起
下文，符合语境，故选C。
39．空前“But it can be to a woman’s advantage to work in a labor union.(但在工会工作对女性也有好处。)”说
明在工会工作对女性有好处，空后“So, while there is a gap, it’s much less than in professions without unions,
where women make 72 percent of men’s incomes.(因此，虽然存在差距，但这比没有工会的职业要小得多，在
没有工会的职业中，女性的收入是男性的72%。)”说明在没有工会的职业中，女性的收入是男性的72%，
空格处应该具体说明好处体现在哪里，G选项“Women who work in unionized professions make 82 percent of
men’s incomes.(在有工会组织的行业工作的女性收入是男性收入的82%。)”说明在有工会组织的行业工作的
女性收入是男性收入的82%，82%比72%高，这就体现了有工会的好处，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选
G。
40．空后“Over 40 percent of moms are now the sole or primary source of income in U.S. households.(超过40%
的母亲现在是美国家庭的唯一或主要收入来源。)”说明了妇女成为了家庭唯一或主要收入来源，也就是成
了养家的人，E选项“More than ever before, women are the breadwinners in the household.(妇女比以往任何时
候都更多地成为家庭的经济支柱。)”说明妇女越来越变成了家庭的经济支柱，也就是养家的人，因此引起
下文，符合语境，故选E。
（2023上·江苏镇江·高三统考期中）
Living with self-doubt can be very challenging. It limits potential and breaks morale. Here are some strategies
that you can use to overcome self-doubt.
● Self-compassion (自我同情) is the key.
We often doubt ourselves when we have the fear of losing, but that is a grave mistake we make. Everyone will
make mistakes at some part in their lives, but we have to grow from those mistakes and transform them into a
lesson.
Start your day with some positivity, look at yourself in the mirror, and make some positive affirmations (肯定).
41
● Reflect back to your past achievements.
42 Self-reflection is one of the best tools to eliminate self-doubt. It makes you remember that you once
achieved something great, and it makes you believe that you can achieve that level of success again through
concentrated efforts. Learn from your mistakes and move on, and you are meant for great things!
● 43
“You are known by the company you keep”, is one of the best sayings to explain this strategy. We should besurrounded by people that support and love us, not people that constantly make us doubt ourselves. Good people
will help you recover from negative and stressful situations.
●Seek professional help if necessary.
44 This is the time when we should seek professional help. Talk about your feelings often, and let all
the negative emotions out, which will make you feel a lot better.
● Start journaling events.
In life, there will come many events that we are thankful for, especially our achievements. 45 This
journaling of events will be really helpful when you are doubting yourself.
A．Develop new friendships.
B．This will make your day better!
C．They won’t encourage you to be better.
D．Always be in the company of supportive people.
E．It is better to start keeping track or record of them.
F．Sometimes the situation can become too much to handle.
G．Do you remember the time when you achieved something remarikable?
【答案】41．B 42．G 43．D 44．F 45．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了克服自我怀疑的策略。
41．上文“Start your day with some positivity, look at yourself in the mirror, and make some positive affirmations
(肯定).(以积极的态度开始你的一天，看着镜子里的自己，做出一些积极的肯定)”提到以积极的态度开始你
的一天，B项“这会让你的一天更美好”说明上述做法的好处，故选B。
42．根据本段小标题“Reflect back to your past achievements.(回顾你过去的成就)”以及空后一句“Self-
reflection is one of the best tools to eliminate self-doubt.(自我反思是消除自我怀疑的最佳工具之一)”可知，本
段是关于回顾过去的成就，G项“你还记得你取得非凡成就的时候吗？”符合语境，故选G。
43．空处为本段小标题，根据本段中“We should be surrounded by people that support and love us, not people
that constantly make us doubt ourselves.(我们应该和支持我们、爱我们的人在一起，而不是那些不断让我们
怀疑自己的人)”可知，本段是说我们要和积极的人在一起，D项“永远和支持你的人在一起”符合主题，
故选D。
44．根据空后“This is the time when we should seek professional help.(这是我们应该寻求专业帮助的时候)”可
知，空处是描述需要帮助的情况，F项“有时情况会变得难以处理”符合语境，故选F。
45．根据本段主题句“Start journaling events.(开始记录事件)”可知，本段是说记录下生活中的事情，结合上文“In life, there will come many events that we are thankful for, especially our achievements.(在生活中，我们会
遇到许多值得感激的事情，尤其是我们取得的成就)”可知，空处应是承接上文，讲述把值得感激的事情记
录下来，E项“最好开始跟踪或记录它们”符合语境，E项中的“them”指代上文的“events”，故选E。
（2023上·山东泰安·高三统考期中）
Breaking the Habit of People-Pleasing
If you feel like you may be a people-pleaser, you’re not alone. Most people have a growing desire for pleasing
others. 46 It can also result in weak boundaries, problems with decision-making, and low self-worth. For
that reason, it’s important to recognize and overcome your own people-pleasing behaviors. Here are simple
exercises that you can start working on today.
1. Practice being alone
47 Trust that people will not abandon you, even if you don’t drop everything for them. Believe you
are lovable for who you are, not what you do. Practice this by going to a movie or restaurant alone.
2. Keep plans with yourself
48 Otherwise, you are sending a message to your brain that a plan you make with yourself does not
hold as much value as a plan you make with someone else. Don’t break any plans you make with yourself, whether
it’s going to the gym or studying for an exam.
3. Practice saying “no”
If you’re a people-pleaser you may find it hard to say “no” because you feel it comes across as cruel or
uncaring. 49 Be clear, be direct, and use “I” statements. Try statements like: “I would really love to be
able to help you, but unfortunately, I’m already committed at that time.”
By consistently integrating these strategies into your life, I’m confident you’ll break your people-pleasing
habits. 50 This will yield an overall improvement in self-confidence and life satisfaction.
A．So it is not necessary to say no.
B．But it absolutely does not have to.
C．Learn to love your own company.
D．You’ll develop more healthy, interdependent relationships.
E．You are not confident about the plans you make with yourself.
F．Your own plans are as important as plans you make with others.
G．People-pleasing behavior can lead to mental and physical problems.
【答案】46．G 47．C 48．F 49．B 50．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何改掉取悦别人这个不良习惯。46．根据下文“It can also result in weak boundaries, problems with decision-making, and low self-worth. (它还
可能导致边界薄弱、决策问题和自我价值低下)”中的also推知，空处与下文并列，同样陈述取悦他人带来
的坏处。G项“取悦他人的行为会导致精神和身体问题”符合语境，与下文构成并列关系。故选G。
47．根据小标题“Practice being alone(练习独处)”可知，空处内容应与独处有关。C项“学会爱自己的陪
伴”即独处，符合本段主旨，且在句式上与下文三个句子保持一致，都是祈使句。故选C。
48．根据小标题“Keep plans with yourself(为自己制定计划)”可知，空处内容与自己制定计划有关。F项
“你自己的计划和你和别人一起制定的计划一样重要”符合题意，引出下文“Otherwise, you are sending a
message to your brain that a plan you make with yourself does not hold as much value as a plan you make with
someone else. (否则，你是在向你的大脑传递一个信息:你自己制定的计划不如你和别人制定的计划有价值)”。
故选F。
49．根据上文“If you’re a people-pleaser you may find it hard to say “no” because you feel it comes across as
cruel or uncaring.(如果你是一个取悦别人的人，你可能会发现很难说“不”，因为你觉得这让人觉得残忍或
冷漠)”和下文“Be clear, be direct, and use “I” statements. Try statements like: “I would really love to be able to
help you, but unfortunately, I’m already committed at that time.”(要清晰、直接，并使用“我”的陈述。试着这
样说:“我真的很想帮助你，但不幸的是，我那时已经有约了。”)”可知，取悦别人的人很难直接说“不”，
但可以用比较委婉的方式，比如“我真的很想帮助你，但不幸的是，我那时已经有约了”。由此推知，空
处应陈述不一定非要说“不”。B项“但绝对不是非得这样”符合语境，引出下文用比较委婉的拒绝方式。
故选B。
50．根据上文“By consistently integrating these strategies into your life, I’m confident you’ll break your people-
pleasing habits. (通过不断地将这些策略融入到你的生活中，我相信你会改掉取悦别人的习惯)”推知，空处
应陈述改掉取悦别人的习惯的结果。D项“你会发展出更健康、更相互依赖的关系”符合题意，且下文
“This will yield an overall improvement in self-confidence and life satisfaction.(这会使你的自信心和生活满意
度得到全面提升)”中的this指代选项中的“更健康、更相互依赖的关系”。故选D。
