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专题验收评价
专题 11 七选五之利用设空位置解题
内容概览
A·常考题不丢分
【命题点01 设空在段首】
【命题点02 设空在段中】
【命题点03 设空在段尾】
【微专题 段首主旨句易错陷阱 】
B·拓展培优拿高分
C·挑战真题争满分
【命题点 01 设空在段首】
1.【2023·湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学第二次学业质量评价检测】
____4____ And not always in a good way. For example, in one 2011 study, teens doing a driving task in a lab
took more risks when their friends were around. Researchers also looked at the teens’ brains during this task. They
saw activity in a part of the brain that’s involved in rewards, which suggests the teens were changing their behavior
to try to get social approval.
A．It can also lower the viewer’s self-control.
B．A popular post doesn’t necessarily mean it is a quality post.
C．It’s no surprise: Feedback from peers affects how teens behave.
D．Their brains respond to those likes by turning on the reward center.
E．And that can, inappropriately, make us feel less successful than them.F．But those “likes” can have power that goes beyond a simple connection.
G．Most of what they do is read and respond to posts by friends and family.
4．C 根据空后的“And not always in a good way. (而且并不总是以一种好的方式。)”以及下文中的举例
“For example, in one 2011 study, teens doing a driving task in a lab took more risks when their friends were
around.(例如，在2011年的一项研究中，当朋友在身边时，在实验室做驾驶任务的青少年会冒更多的风
险。)”可知，本段讲述的是青少年朋友在身边的影响，而且影响不总是好的，C选项“It’s no surprise:
Feedback from peers affects how teens behave.(这并不奇怪：来自同龄人的反馈会影响青少年的行为方式。)”
讲述的是来自同龄人的反馈对青少年行为的影响，与空后内容衔接合理，且与举例说明的内容吻合。故选
C。
2. 【2023·江苏省苏北七市高三二模】
●____3____
You cannot achieve them unless you understand your needs and intentions. It is easier said than done because
most people fail to make an effort to know themselves. Spend time thinking over and knowing your strengths and
weaknesses. Once you know yourself better, you can create a plan to work towards becoming more patient, honest,
and forgiving.
A．Know yourself better.
B．Accept the person you are.
C．Life can be a lot better with the right decisions.
D．It is a healthy choice that enables you to be happy.
E．Pick it as a daily habit, and you will notice the difference.
F．The way you spend your time determines the course of your life.
G．The best way to build self-belief is by reflecting on your own thoughts.
3．A设空处是本段标题，根据下文“You cannot achieve them unless you understand your needs and intentions.
It is easier said than done because most people fail to make an effort to know themselves. Spend time thinking over
and knowing your strengths and weaknesses. Once you know yourself better, you can create a plan to work towards
becoming more patient, honest, and forgiving.(除非你了解自己的需求和意图，否则你无法实现这些目标。这
说起来容易做起来难，因为大多数人都没有努力去了解自己。花点时间思考并了解自己的优点和缺点。一
旦你更了解自己，你就可以制定一个计划，让自己变得更有耐心、诚实和宽容)”可知，本段主要讲要去了
解自己，所以A项“Know yourself better.(更好地了解自己)”是最佳标题。故选A。
3.【2023·安徽省皖江联盟高三最后一卷联考】____ 3 9____
Ask yourself why so many people are drawn to countless travel trips or destinations. Even if you disagree with
everything that travel agencies say, exploring the viewpoints might explain why some routes that don’t seem valid
to you appeal to others. This will allow you to explore alternatives, evaluate your own choices, and ultimately help
you make more informed decisions.
A．Explore other points of view.
B．Apply the information collected.
C．In other words, get to know what you’re looking for.
D．Then what about the long-term environmental effects?
E．But it can help us increase the number of positive choices we make.
F．Therefore, ask yourself about what interests you most and what is needed.
G．It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a wiser decision.
39．A该题是标题选择。结合下文“Even if you disagree with everything that travel agencies say, exploring the
viewpoints might explain why some routes that don’t seem valid to you appeal to others.(即使你不同意旅行社所
说的一切，探索这些观点也可能解释为什么一些对你来说似乎无效的路线会吸引其他人。)”可知，要去探
索他人的观点。这与选项A项“Explore other points of view (探索他人的观点)”相一致，故选A。
4. 【2023·湖北省十一校第二次联考】
But if you’re a ‘glass half empty’ type of person, could seeing the world through rose-tinted glasses work for
you? Every bean has its black. ____4____ Some people say it’s best to celebrate the positives and ignore the
negative parts of our lives.
____5____. Vicki Siska says “Music feeds my soul, a sense of humour keeps things in perspective”. Pippa
Kennedy says “being grateful for what you have!” Other people recommend doing yoga and meditation as well as
staying fit to help maintain a positive outlook on life.
A．Accepting this helps us control our emotions
B．Accept it and make efforts to improve yourself
C．it’s possible that optimists better handle infections
D．But having this mindset could have many benefits
E．But it could help you have a positive outlook on life
F．it might encourage you to have a more hopeful outlook on life
G．People have their personal advice on keeping a positive approach to life
4．A 根据上文“But if you’re a ‘glass half empty’ type of person, could seeing the world through rose-tintedglasses work for you? Every bean has its black.(但如果你是一个“半空的杯子”类型的人，那么透过玫瑰色的
眼镜看世界对你有用吗?人人都有缺点)”和下文“Some people say it’s best to celebrate the positives and ignore
the negative parts of our lives.(有些人说，最好是庆祝我们生活中积极的一面，而忽略我们生活中消极的部
分)”可知，人人都有缺点，我们应该庆祝生活中积极的一面。由此可知，我们应该接受人都不完美，这样
能控制好自己的情绪，在更大程度上做一个积极的人。A项“Accepting this helps us control our emotions(接
受这一点有助于我们控制自己的情绪)”符合题意，this指代上文的“Every bean has its black.”。故选A。
5．G空处位于段首，是本段主旨句。根据下文“Vicki Siska says “Music feeds my soul, a sense of humour
keeps things in perspective”. Pippa Kennedy says “being grateful for what you have!” Other people recommend
doing yoga and meditation as well as staying fit to help maintain a positive outlook on life.(Vicki Siska 说：“音
乐滋养着我的灵魂，幽默感让事情保持正确的视角。”Pippa Kennedy：“要感激你所拥有的！”其他人建
议做瑜伽、冥想以及保持健康，以帮助保持积极的人生观)”可知，本段主要介绍人们对如何保持乐观态度
的个人建议。G项“People have their personal advice on keeping a positive approach to life(人们对保持积极的
生活方式有自己的个人建议)”可以作为本段主旨句，下文是对本句的举例说明。故选G。
【命题点 02 设空在段中】
1.【2023·山西临汾·临汾第一中学校校联考三模】
When you wake up every morning, what will you do first to start your day? 31 . Here are some things
productivity experts do to get weekday mornings off to a good start.
I drink a glass of cold water.
Every morning, I start my day with a big glass of ice water. 32 , rehydrating(补充水分) with ice water
helps me think more clearly. To make this morning step a no-brainer, I fill up a cup with ice water and place it on
my nightstand before bed. When I wake up, it’s right there and ready for me without having to make my way to the
kitchen.
I do a breathing exercise to get centered.
I enjoy staying up late at night, so the early morning club is not for me. These three simple habits have been
helpful for me: daily affirmation (坚定信念)，breathing exercise and gratitude journaling. Once awake, I silently
say a positive affirmation. Usually, it is “I am calm. Breathe.” 33 . It takes 10 minutes, but if I do not have
time, I would just do a one-minute breathing exercise. Finally, my gratitude journal helps me set the intention for
the day.
A．I set my own goal for the day
B．I decide how I want my day to endC．Lastly, I create a short list of my daily to-dos
D．Because you lack water after sleeping all night
E．Although it’s appealing to head straight for the coffee
F．Then a breathing exercise follows to deepen the positive affirmation
G．Actually small steps can be done to make a big difference in your work
【答案】31．G 32．E 33．F
31．根据后文“Here are some things productivity experts do to get weekday mornings off to a good start.（这里
有一些提高效率的专家会做的事情，让你在工作日的早晨有一个好的开始。）可推知，文章主要介绍在工
作日如何提高效率的话题，G选项Actually small steps can be done to make a big difference in your work（实
际上，一小步一小步就能使你的工作发生很大的变化）承接了上句“When you wake up every morning,what
will you do first to start your day？（当你每天早上醒来的时候，你会首先做什么来开始你的一天？）”，与
后一句意思相连，该选项在此有承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选G。
32．根据前文“Every morning,I start my day with a big glass of ice water（每天早上，我用一大杯冰水开始我
的一天。）”可知， 早上起来先喝杯冰水，E选项“Although it’s appealing to head straight for the coffee
（虽然直接去喝咖啡比较有吸引力）”表示转折，后一句“rehydrating(补充水分) with ice water helps me
think more clearly.（用冰水补充水分可以帮助我更清晰地思考。）”对喝冰水的原因进行了解释，符合语
境，故选E。
33．根据前文“Once awake,I silently say a positive affirmation.Usually,it is ‘I am calm.Breathe.’（一旦醒来，
我就默默地说一句积极的肯定。通常是“我很平静，深呼吸。”）”可知，这里建议先说一句积极的肯定，
后面介绍接下来做什么，F选项“Then a breathing exercise follows to deepen the positive affirmation（然后进
行呼吸练习以加深积极肯定）”与前一句意思一致，符合语境，其中“呼吸”与“积极的肯定”是关键对
应词。故选F。
2.【2023·湖南长沙·湖南师大附中校考一模】
Are you an elementary or high school student with all kinds of invention ideas? You might not know what to do
with all of these ideas or how to turn them into workable inventions. 36 With some planning and practice, you
can make these ideas into a working device.
Identify a problem worth solving.
Look at the world around you and ask yourself: What could work better? What task could be done better or
faster? What annoys you and how could you fix it? 37 Not every idea will be a great one, but don’t be
afraid to think outside the box.Draft your idea.
Draw out a basic illustration of what your invention will look like. 38 List the types of materials you
would use to build the finished project. Don’t hesitate to make multiple drafts of the same design until you are
satisfied with the result.
A．Or turn to your older peers if they can help you out as well.
B．If you enjoy creating things, you may consider becoming an inventor.
C．With some planning and practice, you can make these ideas into a working device.
D．Be creative with your ideas.
E．Gather the necessary materials.
F．Look around your home for recycled materials that you may be able to use.
G．Make notes about how various pieces will go together.
【答案】 37．D 38．G
37．根据空前内容“Look at the world around you and ask yourself: What could work better? What task could be
done better or faster? What annoys you and how could you fix it?(看看你周围的世界，问问自己：什么能做得
更好？什么任务可以做得更好或更快？什么让你烦恼？你如何解决它？)”可知，上文建议要问问自己，以
找出值得研究的方向。选项D“Be creative with your ideas(要有创意。)”延续上文内容，指的都是想法或研究
方向要有创意。故选D。
38．根据空前“Draw out a basic illustration of what your invention will look like.(画出你的发明将会是什么样
子的基本插图。)”以及空后内容“List the types of materials you would use to build the finished project.(列出你
将用于完成项目的材料类型。)”可知，本段讲述的是画出发明的草图。选项G“Make notes about how various
pieces will go together.(记下不同的部分如何搭配。)”符合上下文内容，指的都是画出发明的草图。故选G。
3.【2023·江苏南京·南京市第一中学校考模拟预测】
Sometimes dealing with your negative emotions can be challenging. When life is stressful, it’s very easy to give in
to feelings of anger or depression. 51 Here are some ways that car help you better deal with a wide range
of negative emotions.
·Acknowledge your feelings.
Dealing with negative emotions can be difficult. But it’s important to allow yourself to experience those
emotions, as suppressing (抑制) them can cause stress. 52 For example, if you are feeling nervous, ask
yourself, “What am I afraid of?” Acknowledging the issue can help you figure out how to handle it.
A．Have a try to change your environment.B．Be calm and reasonable while you are talking.
C．It’s common to be filled with negative emotions.
D．You don’t have to spend too much effort on them.
E．When you experience a negative emotion, acknowledge it.
F．Focusing on something positive can help to calm you down.
G．However, you will be more productive if you can handle them.
【答案】51．G 52．E
51．根据上文“When life is stressful. it’s very easy to give in to feelings of anger or depression.( 当生活充满压
力时，我们很容易屈服于愤怒或沮丧的情绪。)”和下文“Here are some ways that can help you better deal with
a wide range of negative emotions.(这里有一些方法可以帮助你更好地处理各种各样的负面情绪。)”可知，空
处和上文形成转折关系，说明有办法可以处理负面情绪，G项中的“them”指的是“feelings of anger or
depression”，即愤怒或抑郁的情绪。G项“However, you will be more productive if you can handle them.(然而，
如果你能处理好它们，你的工作效率会更高。)”符合语境。故选G。
52．根据段落小标题“Acknowledge your feelings.(承认你的情绪。)”可知，设空内容涉及承认负面情绪有助
于应对诸如紧张、焦虑等消极情绪。E项“When you experience a negative emotion, acknowledge it.(当你经
历消极情绪时，承认它。)”符合语境。故选E。
4.【2023·河北·校联考三模】
Unlike other natural disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes are very hard to see coming, even for scientists. 56
Thus, specific practices for earthquake preparedness are necessary. Here are four steps you can take to prepare
yourself in advance.
Drop, cover and hold
If you feel the ground start to shake, drop, take cover under as table piece of furniture, and hold on. You can
hide under something like a desk or table, with one arm holding on to a leg of the table and your other arm
protecting your neck and head. 57 In modern homes, it is no stronger than any other part of the house and
will not protect you from injury.
A．Then send them to your e-mail.
B．These are all important personal documents.
C．Make sure your household has a plan of action.
D．Whatever you do, do not stand in a doorframe.
E．If you find the answer, you need to runaway immediately.F．Nowadays early detection systems can only give seconds of warming ahead.
G．If possible, remove those heavy and big objects above your bed immediately.
【答案】56．F 57．D
56．前文“Unlike other natural disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes are very hard to see coming, even for
scientists. (与飓风等其他自然灾害不同，地震很难预测，即使对科学家来说也是如此)”提到地震很难预测。
后文“Thus, specific practices for earthquake preparedness are necessary. (因此，具体的防震措施是必要的)”说
提前做防范措施很有必要。结合选项，F项“Nowadays early detection systems can only give seconds of
warming ahead. (如今，早期探测系统只能提前几秒发出预警)”承上启下，衔接前句，同时解释“防范措施
有必要”的原因，符合语境。故选F。
57．后文“In modem homes, it is no stronger than any other part of the house and will not protect you from injury.
(在现代家庭中，它并不比房子的其他部分更坚固，也不能保护你免受伤害)”中的“it”可知，空处应为“it”
的指代对象。结合选项，D项“Whatever you do, do not stand in a door frame. (无论你做什么，都不要站在门
框上)”中的“door frame”符合语境。故选D。
【命题点 03 设空在段尾】
1【湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三摸底考试】
Are you an elementary or high school student with all kinds of invention ideas? You might not know what to
do with all of these ideas or how to turn them into workable inventions. 16
Identify a problem worth solving.
A．Or turn to your older peers if they can help you out as well.
B．If you enjoy creating things, you may consider becoming an inventor.
C．With some planning and practice, you can make these ideas into a working device.
D．Be creative with your ideas.
E．Gather the necessary materials.
F．Look around your home for recycled materials that you may be able to use.
G．Make notes about how various pieces will go together.
【答案】C
【解析】根据空前“Are you an elementary or high school student with all kinds of invention ideas? You might
not know what to do with all of these ideas or how to turn them into workable inventions.(你是一个有各种发明想
法的小学生或中学生吗？你可能不知道如何处理所有这些想法，或者如何将它们变成可行的发明。)”可知，上文讲述的是虽然有想法，但是小学生或中学生可能不知道如何处理所有这些想法，或者如何将它们
变成可行的发明。选项C“With some planning and practice, you can make these ideas into a working device.(通
过一些计划和练习，你可以把这些想法变成可行的方法。)”承上启下，既承接上文说明将想法变成发明有
困难，同时引出下文具体的建议。故选C。
2.【湖南省百所学校2023-2024学年高三联考试题】
According to Home Cleaning Family, having kids plan their own birthday parties is a great way to teach them
responsibility, kindness and organization. It is a big responsibility to plan a party and have everything organized as
they need. Kindness is used when kids send out invitations and think about what the guests want. 18
Kids have a lot of stereotypes (刻板印象) working against them, one of which is their inability to focus. ......
A．It’s because they will have certain tasks to do.
B．They want their kids to have the best birthday.
C．It is also a chance for them to use their creativity.
D．Moms may know that their kids should plan their own parties.
E．Moms can go through all the to-do items and listen to their ideas.
F．There are many lessons to learn when it comes to planning a party.
G．Moms are always working behind to make sure their kids grow up happily.
【答案】C
【解析】根据前文“According to Home Cleaning Family, having kids plan their own birthday parties is a great
way to teach them responsibility, kindness and organization.( 根据 Home Cleaning Family组织的说法，让孩子
们自己计划生日派对是教会他们责任、善良和组织的好方法。)”可知，此处强调让孩子们自己计划生日派
对是教会他们责任、善良和组织的好方法。同时根据空前内容“Kindness is used when kids send out
invitations and think about what the guests want.(当孩子们发出邀请并考虑客人想要什么时，就会使用善
意。)”可知，此处强调让孩子们自己筹备派对是教授孩子们善良，故设空处应该指出让孩子们自己筹备派
对还能教给孩子们其他的品质。C选项“It is also a chance for them to use their creativity.( 这也是他们发挥创
造力的机会。)”与前文呼应，指出自己筹备派对还能让孩子们发挥创造力，符合语境。故选C。
3.【2023年重庆市育才中学高考冲刺考试英语试题】
When social media filled with images makes you question your appearance, opinions or ability, for it’s so easy
for people to get caught in a whirlwind (旋流) of comparison, remember to look up and out and appreciate there’s a
world of beauty in difference. 16
Dare not to compare.
No matter how many followers, comments, likes or views you have, if you get trapped in a competitive mindset, itcan turn into a bottomless pit (无底洞) .
A．Keep it positive.
B．Search for inspiration.
C．You can try doing something creative.
D．Turn over for four ways to get rid of the troublesome comparison.
E．Make your social media channels a reflection of who you really are.
F．Use them as a reminder that you don’t need to prove anything to anyone.
G．Try spending time with a close friend who’ll remind you of all your good qualities.
【答案】D
【解析】根据空前的“When social media filled with images makes you question your appearance, opinions or
ability, for it’s so easy for people to get caught in a whirlwind (旋流) of comparison, remember to look up and out
and appreciate there’s a world of beauty in difference.(当充斥着图片的社交媒体让你质疑自己的外表、观点或
能力时，因为人们很容易陷入比较的旋风中，记得抬头看看外面，欣赏这个不同的世界。)”可知，因为人
们很容易陷入比较的麻烦中，所以让很多人质疑自己，结合下文中的“Dare not to compare.(敢于不作比
较。)”等四个方法，可知，此空应是承上启下的作用，D选项“Turn over for four ways to get rid of the
troublesome comparison.(转向四种方法来摆脱麻烦的比较。)”讲述的内容与空前的内容一致，且引出下文中
的摆脱比较带来的麻烦的四种方法，起到了承上启下的作用。故选D项。
【微专题 段首 主旨句 易错陷阱 】
1.【广东省执信中学2023-2024学年高三开学试题】
What you’re expressing through your body language is as important as what you say. It’s about looking in
someone’s eyes, smiling and nodding. Showing with your face that you’re following what someone is saying is
really important. This is equally key in virtual conversations on a video chat. Remember that looking into your
laptop camera is like making eye contact, while breaking it to look downward makes it appear that you’re doing
something else.
19 “People can be considered as poor listeners when they don’t understand what the conversation is
actually about on a high level.” Dr. Bobby says. Sometimes, people simply want to talk about an unhappy
situation. Maybe they’re really just wanting to express their bad feelings, or talk about their day. So don’t try to
give suggestions; just listen instead.
A．Listening requires looking at problems from other’s view.
B．In fact, people only want to get to know more about others.C．This is equally key in virtual conversations on a video chat.
D．Sometimes, people simply want to talk about an unhappy situation.
E．This is something you can do to show that you’re really listening.
F．Being a bad listener can break that person’s trust in your relationship.
G．Listening doesn’t always require offering solutions — quite the opposite, in fact.
【答案】G
【解析】空处是本段的主题句，根据本段末句的总结“So don’t try to give suggestions; just listen instead.(所
以不要试图给出建议；只需倾听)”可知，本段是说有时交流时不需要给出建议，倾听就行了，G项“倾听
并不总是需要提供解决方案——事实上恰恰相反”符合语境，G 项中的“solutions”与末句中的
“suggestions”呼应，故选G。
2.【2024届福建省三明市等5地高三一模试题】
The Upside to Being Outside
Research shows that being in nature makes people feel good, whether they’re roughing it in the wilderness for
days or just hanging out at a local park for a while. One study was conducted in the city of Birmingham, Alabama.
Researchers found that most participants’ mood and well-being improved significantly when they spent time in
urban parks, even though the average visit was only around half an hour.
16 For example, scientists in the United Kingdom studied the impact of the “30 Days Wild” campaign. It
challenged people to interact with nature for 30 days by enjoying earthy activities like feeding birds and planting
flowers. Participants were measurably happier and healthier throughout the challenge…and for months afterwards,
too.
A．One study revealed that people were better at figuring out puzzles after a four-day camping trip.
B．According to many scientific studies, there’s a good chance it’ll make you happier, healthier, and more
creative.
C．What’s more, the lift people get from nature is long lasting.
D．Lots of people enjoy fun activities outside, like swimming, riding bikes, or climbing trees.
E．When the only light you’ve seen all day is the glow of a screen, it might be a good idea to switch it off.
F．This means that whether you’re studying or playing video games, heading outside to give your brain a
break might help you get to the next level.
G．So, kicking back in a park is a bit like treating your mind to a restful mini vacation.
【答案】C
【解析】根据空后的For example可知，空后内容是对该空的举例说明，所以该空为本段的主题句，根据空处所在段落的尾句“Participants were measurably happier and healthier throughout the challenge…and for
months afterwards, too. (在整个挑战过程中，参与者都更快乐、更健康……之后的几个月也是如此。)”可
知，该段讲述的是在户外活动给参与者带来的快乐会持续很久，C选项“What’s more, the lift people get
from nature is long lasting. (更重要的是，人们从大自然中获得的提升是持久的。)”表述的内容与举例说明中
的内容一致，符合语境。故选C项。
（2023上·江苏南京·高三校联考期中）
The benefits of positive emotions never stop after a few minutes of good feelings go back to normal. 26
It will serve to build skills and develop resources for use later in life. Let’s consider a real world example.
A child who runs around outside, swinging on branches and playing with friends, develops the ability to move
athletically (physical skills), the ability to play with others and communicate with a team (social skills), and the
ability to explore and examine the world around them (creative skills). 27
These skills last much longer than the emotions that initiated them. Years later, that foundation of athletic
movement might develop into a scholarship as a college athlete or the communication skills may turn into a job
offer as a business manager. The happiness that promoted the exploration and creation of new skills has long since
ended. 28 Researchers refer to this as the “broaden and build” theory because positive emotions
broaden your sense of possibilities and open your mind, which in turn allows you to build new skills and
resources that can provide value in other areas of your life.
29 Why? Because building skills for future use is irrelevant when there is immediate threat or
danger (like the tiger on the path). All of this research boils down to the fact that positive thinking is so useful for
developing valuable skills and appreciating the Big Picture of life.
But how can you get yourself to be positive in your life? 30 You probably know what things
work well for you. Maybe it’s playing the guitar. Maybe it’s spending time with a certain person.
A．Negative emotions do the opposite.
B．However, the skills themselves live on.
C．But many of us look at things negatively.
D．The biggest benefit is an improved ability.E．That is why the “broaden and build” theory is valuable.
F．In this way, positive emotions help to build valuable skills.
G．Anything arousing feelings of joy, contentment, and love will do the trick.
【答案】26．D 27．F 28．B 29．A 30．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了积极情绪对身心所带来的好处，并呼吁人们在制定日常生活计划
时，应该考虑一下放松的时间。
26．上文“The benefits of positive emotions never stop after a few minutes of good feelings go back to normal.
(在几分钟的良好情绪恢复正常后，积极情绪的好处永远不会停止)”说明积极情绪会有持久的好处，以及下
文“It will serve to build skills and develop resources for use later in life.(它将有助于培养技能和开发资源，供
日后使用)”说明积极情绪可以有助于培养技能，D项“最大的好处是提高了能力”承接上文，并引出下文
内容，符合题意。故选D。
27．上文“A child who runs around outside, swinging on branches and playing with friends, develops the ability
to move athletically (physical skills), the ability to play with others and communicate with a team (social skills),
and the ability to explore and examine the world around them (creative skills).(孩子在外面跑来跑去，在树枝上
荡来荡去，和朋友一起玩，培养运动能力（身体技能），与他人玩耍和与团队沟通的能力（社交技能），
以及探索和审视周围世界的能力（创造性技能）)”说明孩子在外面玩可以培养各种不同的能力和有价值的
技能，F项中skills是关键词，F项“通过这种方式，积极的情绪有助于培养有价值的技能。”承接上文，
符合题意。故选F。
28．上文“The happiness that promoted the exploration and creation of new skills has long since ended.(促进新
技能探索和创造的快乐早已结束)”说明促进技能的积极情绪没有了，B项“然而，这些技能本身仍然存
在。”说明技能仍然存在，与上文形成转折关系，符合本段主旨“These skills last much longer than the
emotions that initiated them.(这些技能比引发它们的情绪持续的时间长得多)”题意。故选B。
29．上文“Researchers refer to this as the “broaden and build” theory because positive emotions broaden your
sense of possibilities and open your mind, which in turn allows you to build new skills and resources that can
provide value in other areas of your life.(研究人员称之为“拓宽和构建”理论，因为积极的情绪拓宽了你对可
能性的感知，打开了你的思维，这反过来又让你能够培养新的技能和资源，为你生活的其他领域提供价
值)”以及下文“Because building skills for future use is irrelevant when there is immediate threat or danger (like
the tiger on the path). (因为当存在直接威胁或危险（比如路上的老虎）时，培养未来使用的技能是无关紧要
的)”说明积极情绪与消极情绪形成对比，消极情绪的作用是相反的，A项“消极情绪的作用恰恰相反。”
承上启下，符合题意。故选A。30．上文“But how can you get yourself to be positive in your life?(但是你怎样才能让自己在生活中变得积极
呢？)”提出问题，G项“任何唤起快乐、满足和爱的感觉都会奏效。”说明让自己在生活中变得积极的方
法，回答上文的问题，符合题意。故选G。
（2023上·江苏南京·高三南京外国语学校校考期中）
In China under imperial rule, National Day was a celebration of the Emperor’s birthday or his rise to the
throne. On October 1, 1949, Mao Zedong declared the formation of the People’s Republic of China. 31 The
holiday is held annually in Hong Kong, Macau, and mainland China.
The first seven days of October are referred to as the Golden Week. This is a time of travel and leisure that is
celebrated differently in various parts of China. People in cities often travel to rural areas to relax and enjoy the
quiet surroundings. People from urban areas also travel to other cities throughout China to take part in celebrations.
32 Each year, a large National Day celebration is held in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square.
Beijing’s National Day festivals are filled with military performances, food vendors, live music, and various
other activities. In Beijing and other cities, musical and dance concerts are held to celebrate National Day. Crafts,
painting, and a range of other activities can be enjoyed by people of various ages.
33 This fireworks show is approved by the Chinese government and some of the highest quality
rockets and explosives are used to fill the sky with sparkling colors of gold and red.
In addition to patriotic celebrations, National Day in China is also a time for people to enjoy being with their
families. Family members of all ages will often use this as an opportunity to travel to a central location to reconnect
after months of working. 34
Although National Day is entered around patriotism and China’s history, National Day is also a time of
shopping. 35 So people should put a bit of money to the side and use this as an opportunity to purchase
some of the things that have been on their wish lists for a while.
A．On the evening, a grand and elaborate fireworks demonstration is performed.
B．Beijing is the center of the largest National Day activities.
C．Many companies offer very large discounts on products during Golden Week.
D．Ever since then, the first day of October has been a day of patriotism and national celebration.
E．On National Day, thousands of soldiers and civilians take part in the massive parades.
F．This helps eliminate the stress of work and helps make sure that families remain close.
G．China celebrates the Chinese National Day on October 1st every year,
【答案】31．D 32．B 33．A 34．F 35．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国国庆节的一些活动。
31．前文“In China under imperial rule, National Day was a celebration of the Emperor’s birthday or his rise to
the throne. On October 1, 1949, Mao Zedong declared the formation of the People’s Republic of China.(在帝国统
治下的中国，国庆节是庆祝皇帝诞辰或登基的日子。1949年10月1日，毛泽东宣布中华人民共和国成
立。)”讲述了旧时代的中国确定国庆节的依据，以及1949年10月1日新中国正式成立，由此可知，空处
应是说新中国成立后国庆节的确立，D项“从那时起，十月的第一天就是爱国主义和民族庆典的日子。”
符合题意，选项中的then指代前文中的On October 1, 1949。故选D。
32．后文“Each year, a large National Day celebration is held in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square.(每年，北京天安
门广场都会举行大型国庆庆典。)”提到了在国庆节北京在天安门广场举行大型庆典，所以空处应与北京有
关，B项“北京是全国最大的国庆节活动中心。”符合题意。故选B。
33．后文“This fireworks show is approved by the Chinese government and some of the highest quality rockets
and explosives are used to fill the sky with sparkling colors of gold and red.(这场烟花表演得到了中国政府的批
准，一些最高质量的火箭和炸药被用来让天空充满闪闪发光的金色和红色。)”讲述了烟花表演的细节，所
以空处应讲述国庆节晚上有烟花表演，A项“当晚会进行一场盛大而精心的烟花表演。”符合题意。故选
A。
34．前文“In addition to patriotic celebrations, National Day in China is also a time for people to enjoy being with
their families. Family members of all ages will often use this as an opportunity to travel to a central location to
reconnect after months of working.(除了爱国庆祝活动，国庆节在中国也是人们享受与家人团聚的时刻。所有
年龄段的家庭成员都会经常利用这一机会，在工作数月后前往中心地点重新联系。)”讲述了人们会利用国
庆假期与家人共享团聚时光，空处位于段末，应总结这样做的好处，F项“这有助于消除工作压力，并有
助于确保家庭关系密切。”符合题意。故选F。
35．前文“Although National Day is entered around patriotism and China’s history, National Day is also a time of
shopping.(虽然国庆节是围绕爱国主义和中国历史而进入的，但国庆节也是购物的时间。)”讲述了国庆节也
是购物的时间，后文“So people should put a bit of money to the side and use this as an opportunity to purchase
some of the things that have been on their wish lists for a while.(因此，人们应该存一点钱，并以此为机会购买
他们愿望清单上已经有一段时间的东西。)”讲述了人们应该省钱在这个时间去购买想要的东西，由此可知，
空处应说国庆节期间商家有折扣，C项“许多公司在黄金周期间提供很大的产品折扣。”符合题意。故选
C。
（2023上·广东东莞·高三东莞市东莞中学校联考期中）
When you hear your friend passed an exam that you had failed earlier, will you share her happiness? If youcan feel the joy, congratulations! 36 Studies found that Freudenfreude contributes to kind acts, such as
helping others. Celebrating the personal victories of other people can bring on more of our own.
37 Sometimes, your loss might really sting, making Freudenfreude feel out of reach. If you were raised
in a family that paired winning with self-worth, you might misread someone else’s victory as your own personal
shortcoming. And factors such as mental health and overall wellbeing can also affect your ability to participate in
someone else’s joy. 38
One way to summon good feelings for others is to ask questions. You don’t need to wait for someone else’s
good news to exercise Freudenfreude. Cultivate joy by inviting others to share their victories. 39 When you
speak with them, be sure to maintain eye contact and listen attentively. This should motivate you to keep going and
make you feel as if your efforts will pay off.
Because emotions are contagious (有感染力的), showing appreciation can also increase Freudenfroude. You
can think of Freudenfreude as something you can spread when you’re experiencing personal joy. 40 Start
by sharing your win, then tell the other person how you appreciate their help. Practicing gratitude is like sharing
dessert: Both parties enjoy the sweetness of the moment, which enhances Freudenfreude for them both.
A．It is a term that describes the joy we feel when someone else succeeds.
B．You might ask: “what’s the best thing that happened to you this week?”
C．To do this, try giving others credit for their support that leads to your own.
D．While the benefits of Freudenfreude are plentiful, it doesn’t always come easily.
E．To better understand Freudenfreude, it is important to realize that it is a win-win.
F．Still, generating Freudenfreude is worthwhile and there are ways to encourage the feeling.
G．Finding pleasure in another person’s good fortune is what social scientists call Freudenfreude.
【答案】36．G 37．D 38．F 39．B 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主介绍了乐他人之幸的意义和方法。
36．空后“Studies found that Freudenfreude contributes to kind acts, such as helping others.(研究发现，乐他人
之幸有助于善良的行为，比如帮助别人)”说明了乐他人之幸的好处，空格处应该引出“乐他人之幸”这个
概念，G选项“Finding pleasure in another person’s good fortune is what social scientists call Freudenfreude.(从
别人的好运中寻找快乐就是社会科学家所说的“乐他人之幸”)”引出了“乐他人之幸”这个概念，符合语
境，故选G。
37．空格处是本段主题句，由空后“Sometimes, your loss might really sting, making Freudenfreude feel out of
reach. If you were raised in a family that paired winning with self-worth, you might misread someone else’s victoryas your own personal shortcoming. And factors such as mental health and overall wellbeing can also affect your
ability to participate in someone else’s joy.(有时候，你的损失可能真的很刺痛，让你觉得自己遥不可及。如果
你成长在一个把胜利和自我价值结合在一起的家庭，你可能会把别人的胜利误认为是你自己的缺点。心理
健康和整体幸福感等因素也会影响你参与他人快乐的能力)”可知，本段主要讲的是“乐他人之幸”并不容
易实现，D选项“While the benefits of Freudenfreude are plentiful, it doesn’t always come easily.(虽然“乐他人
之幸”的好处很多，但它并不总是来得容易)”说明“乐他人之幸”不容易实现，因此概括了本段内容，可
作为主题句，故选D。
38．由空后一段的“One way to summon good feelings for others is to ask questions.(唤起对他人的好的感觉的
一个方法是问问题)”可知，空后要讲实现“乐他人之幸”的方法，空格处应该是引起下文，F选项“Still,
generating Freudenfreude is worthwhile and there are ways to encourage the feeling.(尽管如此，产生“乐他人之
幸”是值得的，而且有一些方法可以鼓励这种感觉)”说明了有方法可以让人乐他人之幸，因此引起下文，
符合语境，故选F。
39．空前“One way to summon good feelings for others is to ask questions. You don’t need to wait for someone
else’s good news to exercise Freudenfreude. Cultivate joy by inviting others to share their victories.(唤起对他人的
好的感觉的一个方法是问问题。你不需要等待别人的好消息来锻炼你的“乐他人之幸”。通过邀请他人分
享他们的胜利来培养快乐)”说明乐他人之幸的一个方法是问问题，空格处应该具体说明该问什么样的问题，
B选项“You might ask: “what’s the best thing that happened to you this week?”(你可能会问：“本周发生在你
身上最好的事情是什么？”)”举出了实际例子，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
40．空前“You can think of Freudenfreude as something you can spread when you’re experiencing personal joy.
(你可以把乐他人之幸想象成当你经历个人快乐时可以传播的东西)”说明你可以把乐他人之幸想象成当你经
历个人快乐时可以传播的东西，空后“Start by sharing your win, then tell the other person how you appreciate
their help.(从分享你的胜利开始，然后告诉别人你是多么感激他们的帮助)”是具体的做法，因此空格处应该
说该怎么做，C选项“To do this, try giving others credit for their support that leads to your own.(要做到这一点，
试着把别人的支持归功于你自己)”说明的是笼统的做法，后文是具体的做法，因此承上启下，符合语境，
故选C。
（2023上·江西·高三鹰潭一中校联考期中）
There are plenty of ways to have a lot of fun, relax, and do some good when you have time off and you can
pay attention to things in and around your home. Having a little extra time can help you to make things better —
not just for the immediate term but for the long term, too. 46
Assess and review your home and garden. Having a vacation from work can be a good time to take a goodlook at where you live and assess what about the situation works well for you. Reviewing and properly looking at
your home and garden can help you relax and appreciate what you already have. 47 Gaining some clarity
on your situation can actually give you some peace of mind.
Get to know your neighbors and neighborhood. 48 A little leisure time at home can give us the breathing
space to look more closely and perhaps build new connections with either humans or other creatures — as in
wildlife with whom we live together. 49 For example, kick off planning for a community garden, or organize
a garden harvest exchange.
50 You can have much fun learning new things about gardening or food production, cooking and
preservation. You might also consider improving your skills in plant identification, wildlife recognition, etc. These
ideas may inspire you to stay at home and use the time to set yourself up for a more sustainable future. You might
be surprised by how refreshing it can be.
A．Learn new sustainability skills.
B．Make small, affordable changes for big results.
C．Sustainability skills are always of great significance.
D．You can even put on some neighborhood events or projects.
E．Often, we get into the habit of passing things by without really looking.
F．Here are some suggestions for sustainable ways to use vacation time at home.
G．It can also help you see where things could potentially be changed for the better.
【答案】46．F 47．G 48．E 49．D 50．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，放假期间，很多人都想外出度假，其实在家度假也有很多好处，本文介绍了一
些如何在家里及周围利用好假期的建议。
46．上文“Having a little extra time can help you to make things better — not just for the immediate term but for
the long term, too.(有一点额外的时间可以帮助你把事情做得更好——不仅是在短期内，而且从长远来看也
是如此)”提到，有一点额外的时间在家和周围可以把事情做得更好，根据下面三段的内容可知，下文是介
绍在家里及周围利用好假期的建议，故该空承上启下，F项“下面是对在家利用好假期可持续性办法的一
些建议”符合语境，故选F。
47．根据空前“Reviewing and properly looking at your home and garden can help you relax and appreciate what
you already have.(审视和正确地看待你的家和花园可以帮助你放松和欣赏你已经拥有的东西)”可知，此处是
讲述审视并正确地看待家里合格花园的好处，G项“它也可以帮助你看到需要改进的地方”承接上文，进
一步说明好处，故选G。48．根据空后“A little leisure time at home can give us the breathing space to look more closely(在家的一点闲
暇时间可以给我们喘息的空间，让我们更仔细地观察)”可知，闲暇时间可以给我们喘息的空间，让我们更
仔细地观察，说明我们平时没有时间观察，E项“通常，我们养成了路过但不会真正去看的习惯”符合语
境，故选E。
49．根据空后“For example, kick off planning for a community garden, or organize a garden harvest exchange.
(例如，开始规划一个社区花园，或者组织一个花园收获交换)”可知，此处是说举办一些社区活动，D项
“你甚至可以参加一些社区活动或项目”符合语境，故选D。
50．根据下文“You can have much fun learning new things about gardening or food production, cooking and
preservation. You might also consider improving your skills in plant identification, wildlife recognition, etc.(可以
从学习园艺或食物生产、烹饪和保存方面的新知识中获得很多乐趣。你也可以考虑提高你在植物识别、野
生动物识别等方面的技能)”可知，本段是说学习一些新的技能，A项“学习新的可持续发展技能”符合语
境，故选A。
2023年七选五(说明文)
Passage 1
【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is
human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring?
Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your
personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve
done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing
without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange
thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t
wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The
thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to
develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. C 20. G
【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强
自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
【16题详解】
根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err
(犯错) is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，作者认为人
都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following
writing exercise to help you do this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“do this”以
及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项 D“It’s just as important to show yourself
some forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上
“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around?
They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造
力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感
到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics
you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那
些是优点。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positivethings you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did
the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二页的顶部，
写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作
业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，
本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项 F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write
it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做
的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of
your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以
及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。
选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，
C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或
家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact,
don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实上，
不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。
故选C。
【20题详解】
根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their
mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥
调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项 G“Whatever the mistake,
remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一
面。)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and
learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种
积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。
故选G。
Passage 2
【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious
followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what
it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration
and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ___16___ You’ll want to look back on your
journey to see how far you’ve come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether
you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. ___17___
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. ___18___ Artistic growth can be a bit painful.
Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a
painting every day for a month and post the works online.
·___19___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social
media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my
level of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ___20___ Push through, give it time and put in the effort.
You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
.
A Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide
inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. (从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本
进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的跳板)”以及后
文“You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. (你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，
看看自己已经取得多少进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习
和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项“Don’t throw away your beginner art. (不要扔掉你的初学时的艺
术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C项。【17题详解】
的
分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段 总结，根据前文“Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to
improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as
much as possible. (经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是
绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制)”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，
所以G项“You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. (你会逐渐形成只有通
过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是对前文的总结。故选G项。
【18题详解】
分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文
“Continually challenge yourself to try something new. (不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artistic
growth can be a bit painful. (艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A项“Get out of your comfort zone. (走出你
的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A项。
【19题详解】
分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is
crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me
feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常
重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让
我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share your work if you
feel comfortable doing so. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。
【20题详解】
分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The
journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push through,
give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。
你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. (你会遇到
障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。
Passage 3
【2023年全国乙卷】Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they
are the unsung heroes of the home. ____16____, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing
by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy tolook after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants?
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these
species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____17____.
Why are indoor plants good for you?
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “____18____. I find during the winter months,
plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants
can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around
them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or
cooking. ____19____.
Which plants can you grow?
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy
plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and
you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “____20____,” Spoelstra says.
“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。
【16题详解】
根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情),
reducing stress and helping their memory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆
力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成not only…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由
此可知，B. Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。
【17题详解】根据上文“Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the
winter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的
环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer(相
反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据下文“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.(我发现在冬天的几
个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C. There are
many benefits to growing plants indoors(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful
gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.(也有研究表明，
盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化
学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are
among the best(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，
符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature-
which is part of the joy of owning plants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾
它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning about the
requirements of each plant can be very rewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引
起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home
and nature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介
绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。
Passage 4
【2023年全国甲卷】Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There
is one answer. ___16___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However,
research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.
___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research
suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit
of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra
minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply
it to other, more annoying situations.
● ___19___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we
experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to
say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common?
There’s one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一
个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。
故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more
optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文
““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句
继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项
“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法
就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before
going for that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的
事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when
we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们中的许多人
都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，
本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适
相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’ll then gradually
become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为
对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。
Passage 5
【2023年北京卷】It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families
as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a
decision. ____35____
When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not
counted in rankings. ____36____
Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching
than courses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is
surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most
important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.
Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education.
Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding.____38____ Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the
result？ Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates.
____39____ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with
more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank
schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.
What should students and their families do? They should give strong consideration to universities where high-
quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower.
A. Higher education has achieved its true potential.
B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.
C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.
D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.
E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.
F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.
G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.
【答案】35. D 36. F 37. G 38. B 39. C
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何选择高校提供了一些建议。
【35题详解】
根据空前内容“It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they
make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision.(对
于美国的学生和他们的家人来说，这是一年中既快乐又紧张的时刻， 因为他们要决定去哪里上大学。家
庭经常求助于排名系统来帮助做决定。)”可知，美国的学生和家人们在决定去哪儿上大学时，经常求助于
排名系统。而根据下文第三段“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on
average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. (最新的研究表明，排名较低的大
学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”可推断出，本文主要讲述的是排名方面出
现的问题。选项D“However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.(然而，排名忽略了一
个关键因素：教学质量。)”延续上文内容，指出大学排名存在的问题；而根据下文内容也可以推断，排名
中存在的问题是教学质量被忽略。故选D。
【36题详解】
根据空前内容“When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching
excellence is not counted in rankings.(作为一名研究高等教育的学者，当我与一些家庭交谈时，他们常常惊讶地发现，优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名。)”可知，大学排名中优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名让人
们觉得很惊讶。选项F“They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.(更让他们
惊讶的是，大学竟然低估了教学的价值。)”延续上文内容，指的都是大学排名忽略教学质量。其中“more
surprised”和上文的“surprised”保持一致。故选F。
【37题详解】
空前内容“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on
teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities.(最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平
均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”以及空后内容“The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings
is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most
important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.(考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系，排名中
没有优秀教学令人惊讶。优质教学是衡量大学成绩的最重要因素之一。)”讲述的都是大学排名中没有考虑
到教学。选项G“In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.(事实上，大学
经常把重点从教学转移到其他排名因素上。)”与上下文内容相一致，故选G。
【38题详解】
根据空前内容“Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher
education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding.
(然而，排名只是高等教育中对教学重视程度较低的一个原因。管理者通常不会将卓越的教学视为增加入学
率或资金的一种方式。)”可知，上文分析了教学不被纳入排名的原因，该空应该讲其后果。选项
B“Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.(因此，它在招聘或晋升中不受重视。)”是上文内
容的延续，正因为管理人员通常不把卓越的教学视为增加入学率或增加资金的一种方式，所以教学在招聘
和晋升中不受重视。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据下文内容“Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with
more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank
schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.(尽管如此，在拥有高质量教
学的学校获得更多资源、更高排名和增加入学人数之前，不会有太大变化。从长远来看，大学、学校排名
组织和其他机构应该努力使教学成为使命的一个有价值的核心部分。)”可知，作者认为想要强调教学质量
还需要更多努力。根据“Nevertheless”可知，空处内容和下文内容存在转折关系。选项 C“Quality
teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.(高质量的教学一直是建立声誉的重要因素。)”强调
了高质量教学的重要性，而下文则话题一转，指出了高质量教学的难处。故选C。2022年阅读理解七选五(说明文)
Passage1
【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your
Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ”
while another read: “___16___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle
(微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___17___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to
move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a
useful response. ___18___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training
she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It
also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___19___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___20___ Over time, both of you will benefit —
your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your
relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. G 20. F
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partne.” One
reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊
登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选择项C“You'll work harder if you
train with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和
后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身体
健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以选择项
D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员
吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but probably won't result in a
useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文
“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那
个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。所以选择项B“A workout
partner usually needs to live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of
training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and
her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在
了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，
以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的
锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any notice for a training partner
should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后
文“Over time, both of you will benefit -- your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more
physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，
要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with
each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
Passage2
【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the processcan be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write
nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t
worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a
good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by
learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄
皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete
highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision.
___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing
revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can
enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
.
【答案】16 D 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。
【16题详解】
空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to
your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. (当你第一次想写
一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是
要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. (首先，学习不间断写作的技
巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
【17题详解】
空前说“Stay loose and free. (保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. (不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Let your pen follow the waves of
thought. (让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选
B。
【18题详解】
空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. (下一个技巧是快
速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself
headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. (然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自
己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
(太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应，说明
了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，
故选E。
【19题详解】
空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision.
(第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning writers don’t leave
enough space to revise. (许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”
一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，
因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes
into your word processor. (当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到
你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise. (由此产生的空白允许您修
改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft,
again setting your text on triple-space. (然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的
是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因
此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
Passage3
【2022年全国乙卷】Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to
sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with oneanother. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted
and what method works best for you both. ___17___. There are alternatives to constant written communication,
such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the
friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel
abandoned.
· ___19___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might
make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that
keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.
Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever
possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
.
【答案】16 D 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. F
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。
【16题详解】
上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电
话。）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并
坚持下去” 给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D项。
【17题详解】上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be
contacted and what method works best for you both.”（确保你已经与你的朋友沟通过，了解你们彼此希望联
系的次数，以及哪种沟通方式最适合你们两人。）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，B项“可以通过写
信补偿”提出了其中一种沟通方式：写信，下文“There are alternatives to constant written communication,
such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”（除了不断的文字交流，还有其他方式，比如发语音
或者组建群聊。）补充了发语音等其他沟通方式，其中“constant written communication”呼应了B项的
“writing letters”。故选B项。
【18题详解】
下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in the new environment”（在新环境中的
那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出
了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”
分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。
故选G项。
【19题详解】
分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文
“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于
异地友谊而言是非常重要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要
的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“记得重要的日子”，所以A项符合题意。故选A
项。
【20题详解】
设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious
effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是
我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通
过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句
“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题
“Don’t rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。故选F项。
Passage4
【2022年全国甲卷】Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___16___. Knowing
some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in theworld.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down
between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.
___17___ .
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you
to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___18___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch
any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
___19___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their
seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various
countries. ___20___ , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. B
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。
【16题详解】
根据文章标题“Important Things to Know When Dining Out (外出就餐时要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文
主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Don’t get caught making an
embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”对应标
题中的“When Dining Out”，同时引起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an
enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. (知道一些技巧将有助于确保你
和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。故选D。
【17题详解】根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When you put
them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of
you. (当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行
了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F项“Never stick them upright in your food or
cross them as you use them (不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也
是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In
India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat
with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一
个餐具吃饭)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲
述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with
utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In
Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills.
Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这
向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，
在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G项“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt
and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在
用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据下文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. (你就会对它的外国文化
习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the+比较级，
the+比较级”结构，B项“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某个国家待的时间越长)”符合
文意，引出下文。故选B。
Passage5
【2022 年北京卷】Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various
pressures, we tend to ignore our health. ____35____ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these
diseases.____36____ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be
attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not
have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. ____37____ This does not
definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic
conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. ____38____ For instance, we must
exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age
groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It
helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. ____39____ This, in turn, gives us
new goals of health and fitness.
A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.
【答案】35. G 36. B 37. D 38. F 39. C
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通过哪些健
身的方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。
35.【解析】
根据空前“Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to
ignore our health.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，我们往往会忽视自
己的健康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It is the fitness level of our body that
helps us fight these diseases.(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些疾病。)”可知身体的健康可以让我
们应对各种疾病，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响。G项“This
makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.(这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾
病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的other diseases与空后的these diseases相互照应，符合上下文语
境。故选G项。36.【解析】
根据空后“We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted
towards maintaining the fitness of our body.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康。同样，如果我们是健康
的，我们自然会被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处位于句首，应是
本段的主旨句，B项“Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.(健康和健身是相互关联的。)”概括全
段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
37.【解析】
根据空前“Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body,
which is ready to be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能没有任何疾病，但身
体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很虚弱，随时会生病，根据空后
“This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy.(这并不一定意味着我们不健康。)”可知生病并不一定
表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况下会生病这样一种
状况，D项“For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感冒。)”举
例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的 This指代D项的we may
have a tendency to catch a cold easily这种情况，符合上下文语境。故选D项。
38.【解析】
根据空前“It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.(对每个人来说，花些时间在健
康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“For instance, we must exercise daily
regardless of our age and working style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方式。)”可知我
们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼，F项
“There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.(在我们的生活中有一些活动是每个人都应该
做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
39.【解析】
根据空前“We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫)
system and protects us against diseases.(我们每天至少应该有6到8个小时的睡眠。它有助于改善我们的免疫
系统，保护我们抵抗疾病。)”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后“This, in turn, gives us new goals of
health and fitness.(这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新目标。)”可知充足的睡眠会对我们的健康和健身目
标很有好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足的睡眠的好处，C项“It also helps in keeping us
calm and relaxes our mind.(它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑。)”进一步讲了充足的睡眠对于我们
的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C项。Passage6
【2022年浙江卷6月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their
Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give
Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to
achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’t
seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children
write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____13____ You write
“Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal
language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done.
____15____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential
client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，
从而论证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
11.D根据空前“As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents.
(随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人
提示去哪买礼物。结合选项可知，D项“As a result, each year they received something they wanted. (结果，
他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。
故选D项。12.B 根据空前“Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times t may be to entertain, inform, or
persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都
是带着目的的。结合选项B“But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. (但它总是有目的的——或者
至少应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B项。
13.E根据空前“When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words
accordingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后
“You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect. (你写“亲爱
的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实
践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项E“You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you
are close to them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后
结构一致。故选E项。
14.F根据空后“Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面
信息。 )”可知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项F“As technology develops, young people
are writing more than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意
一致，符合语境。故选F项。
15.G根据空前“There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets
the job done. (这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技
影响下的写作方式。结合选项G“But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
(但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技
带来的写作。故选G项。
Passage7
【2022年浙江卷1月】I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that
allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. 11
Pick the most important.
12 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. 1 chose the life of an adviser because I like
to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle 1
want.
Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. 13Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people your work environment. Find
people in your company who share common interests and develop your career （职业）around the people and
activities you love.
14
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things
that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to
gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up.
The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress
and keep refining （改进）toward a happy productive existence. 15 Every completion is a small victory that adds
up in a big way.
A. Speed up.
B. Be an active learner.
C. Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
【答案】11. F 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. G
【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。作者给出了既可以充分利用时间又可以快乐放松的有效建议。
【11题详解】
上文 “ I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make the
most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed.（我和你一样，每天都有24小时，但我做了具体的选择，
让我充 分利用每一天，仍然感到快乐和放松）”说明作者做出选择，充分利用每一天，但仍旧感到快乐
和轻松，根 据下文段落小标题可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天给出了建议，因此空格处应是承上启下，
F项中的“help you make the most of your time与上文 “to make the most of every day ” 一致，“tips” 引出
下文的建议，因此 F项“也许这些建议会帮助你充分利用你的时间”符合语境，承上启下。故选F。
【12题详解】
根据段落标题“Pick the most important.”可知，本段建议挑选最重要的，下文“Focus on spending time that
for you is fun and productive.（把时间花在那些对你来说有趣和富有成效的事情上）”说明要挑选一些有趣的 和富有成效的事情去做，D项中的“ what is meaningful in your life”与标题中的"the most important一
致， 下文是对“Make choices”具体解释。因此推断D项“选择你生活中有意义的东西”符合语境。故选
D。 【13题详解】
上文 “Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc.（ 许多
人疯 狂地试图弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娱乐等方面度过时间）”说明许多人想要弄清楚在生活
中如何分 配好时间，下文“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.（找到一种结合的方式来享受它
们）”说明可 以把事情组合在一起享受，因此推断空格处与上文是转折关系，说明不要试图均衡时间，C
项“不要试图在 它们之间平衡时间”符合语境。故选C。
【14题详解】
空格处为段落小标题。根据下文“You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are
always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important.
Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. Always be looking for a new way to gain back
an hour here or there.（你可能会认为学习需要花费了你更多的时间，但实际上总有一些新的方法可以为你
节省出做日常 事务的时间，为你腾出时间去做最重要的事情。寻找在这里或者那里赢回一个小时的新方
法）”可推断，本 段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间，但总是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事情，因此
要做有效的学习者。 因此推断B项“做有效的学习者”为段落标题，故选B。
【15题详解】
下文 “Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.（每一次的完成都是一个小的胜利，累积
起 来就是一个大的胜利）”说明事情要一件一件去做，G项中的“making lists”与之呼应，因此推断G项
“这 就是为什么列清单在任何生产手册中都很重要的原因”符合语境，this指代上文“The world won't
come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining （改
进）toward a happy productive existence.（在大多数情况下，世界不会因为你没做完几件事而走向末日。庆
祝进步，不断 改进走向一个快乐而富有成效的存在）”解释了列出清单一件一件完成任务的原因。故选
G。
Passage8
【2022年浙江卷6月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their
Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give
Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to
achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’tseem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children
write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____13____ You write
“Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal
language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done.
____15____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential
client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，
从而论证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
11.D根据空前“As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents.
(随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人提
示去哪买礼物。结合选项可知，D项“As a result, each year they received something they wanted. (结果，他
们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。故
选D项。
12.B 根据空前“Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times t may be to entertain, inform, or
persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都是
带着目的的。结合选项B“But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. (但它总是有目的的——或者至少
应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B项。
13.E根据空前“When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words
accordingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后“You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect. (你写“亲爱
的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实
践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项 E“You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you
are close to them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后结
构一致。故选E项。
14.F根据空后“Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面
信息。 )”可知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项F“As technology develops, young people
are writing more than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意一
致，符合语境。故选F项。
15.G根据空前“There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets
the job done. (这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技
影响下的写作方式。结合选项G“But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
(但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技带
来的写作。故选G项。
2021年阅读理解七选五(说明文)
Passage1
【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which
you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate
the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____16____
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and
the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____17____
____18____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide
whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save
you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. ____19____ A
history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific
subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____20____Note also the facts important for your purpose aswell as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to
put the page number and one or two words as a reminder .
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F. You may find yourself having to leam something by heart.
G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does
not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able
to read more quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你
必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。
D项：Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合
语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据本段主题句“Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable.（在你打开书之前，确保你感
到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项：Keep the room cool rather than
warm to avoid feeling sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc（查看目录、
前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B项：Spend a
few minutes looking through the book.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.（如果你
决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“A history book which may contain the facts in
story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C项：This depends on the type of book
you are reading.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据段落主题句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside you.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。）”可知，本
段强调要随时注意记笔记。E项：Make a note of any page which is of special importance.（把任何有特别重要
的一页都记下来。）符合语境。故选E。
Passage2
【2021年全国甲卷】Swap, Don’t shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge
amount of natural resources（资源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing（or throwing out old clothing）is
not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them
clothes piled on your bedroom floor? ____16____. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes
from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how
much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. ____17____ , and there may not be enough things to
choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
●____18____. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.____19____. Place a few mirrors around
your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be
that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. ____20____. And don't
forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
.
F Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. F 20. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对，以
及一些具体的流程。
【16题详解】
根据上文“So what to do with all those perfectly- good-but-you 're- maybe-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on
your bedroom floor?（那么，该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的（看起来）完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服
呢？）”提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下文“It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes
from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.（这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里买衣服、同时开派对的
最好方法。）”提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以空白处应起承上启下的作用，承接上文讲到的问题，
启下提出的方法。因而空白处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B项“Hold a clothing swap.（进行衣物
交换。）”给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法，承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection.”（邀请5到10个人，这样你就有一个很好的选
择。）说明了应该邀请的人数。下文“and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and
it becomes uncontrollable.”（可能没有足够的东西可供选择；多于这个数量，它就变得无法控制。）说明多
于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对下文中的“more than that”提出的相反的
假设，即少于一定数量的人。A项“Less people than that”（少于这些人）提出一种假设，和下文中“more
than that”相对，说明人数不宜太多，也不能太少，符合语境。故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.”（他们还应该准
备大量的可重复使用的袋子，把他们的“新”衣服带回家。）说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”
准备袋子。G项“Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition.”（告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣
服。）说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服，其中的bring和下文中carry相对，都是为交换衣物
所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词，并且其中They指代G项的everyone。所以G项符合语境。故选
G项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.”（把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不
同地方。）指出衣服应该归类放置。下文“Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things
look when they try them on.”（在房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。）提到了放
置镜子的意义。由此可见，本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法，所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里
要做什么。F项“Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots.（让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置上。）”说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置，符合语境。故选F项。
【20题详解】
上文“Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever.”（设置开始时间。也许你
说“开始”，或者打开一首歌，或者无论什么。）打开音乐或者无论什么，意味聚会开始。下文“And
don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!”（别忘了拿出一些饼干和水果。记住，
这是个派对！）讲到了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而，空白处应是承接上文，讲述聚会期间
要保持应有的内容。D项“Just keep music playing throughout.”（要始终播放音乐。）承上启下，说明在派
对上要有音乐，与前文形成意义上的一致，符合题意，故选D项。
Passage3
【2021年全国乙卷】According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make
yourself interesting at a dinner party.
___36___, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time.
So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do
you do for a living?”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking
to. ___37___, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who
were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
___38___? If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （讲台）.
If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the
situation.___39___.
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a
dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（赞扬）.
___40___. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talkingG. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. F 39. E 40. G
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在晚宴上让自己表现得有趣的一些方法。
【36题详解】
根据上文“it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party (在晚宴上让自己变得有趣并不难)”可
知，下文应主要讲述如何在晚宴上让自己变得有趣。下文“So the main thing is just to show up and be
adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. (所以最主要的事情就是去尝试，去冒险，尝试不同
的食物，和陌生人交谈)”可推知，本段主要说明想在晚宴上让自己变得有趣，就要勇于冒险，勇于探索。
由此可知，B项“The first step is to go exploring(第一步是去探索)”承上启下，符合题意。故选B项。
【37题详解】
根据下文“it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who
were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation. (它可以带入“我有这辆破旧的车”或
“我和那些在后面嘲笑愚蠢笑话的疯子一起乘坐公共汽车。”它只是打开了对话)”可知，设空处应该是提
了一个不太好的问题，只是开始交流，但并不会给人留下有趣的印象。由此可知，C项“If you ask the
question “How did you get here?”(如果你问“你是怎么到这里来的？”这个问题)”能够承接下文，符合题意。
故选C项。
【38题详解】
根据下文“If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox. If you’re the
host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. (如果你
不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什
么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，此处指出了一个问题的解决办法。由此推知，设空处提到了一
个棘手的问题。F项“What about the person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking(喝太多酒或一
直说个不停的人怎么办)”正是提出的问题，引出下文的解决办法，符合题意。故选F项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If you’re
the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. (如
果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做
点什么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，本段主要是为解决“喝太多酒或一直说个不停”这个问题
提供方法。由此可知，E项“Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say(或者把谈话变成
他们没什么可说的话题)”是提出的另一个解决办法，承接上文，符合题意。故选E项。【40题详解】
根据上文“If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone
talking again is to give the host a compliment.(如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默，唯一能让大家再次交谈的
方法就是赞美主人)”可知，此处指出赞美主人可以缓解尴尬的沉默，设空处承上启下，下文“This cake is
extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.(这蛋糕特别好吃，你得告诉我它的一切)”对主人进行了
赞美。由此可知，宴会上出现尴尬的沉默时，最尴尬的就是主人，所以需要赞美主人来缓解尴尬。G项
“He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most(他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬
的人)”承上启下，符合题意。故选G项
Passage4
【2021年北京卷】Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people．
____35____ The mental health benefits from music can't be argued．Music could also be helping you with many
other health problems behind the scenes．
____36____However，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain．By distracting
（分心） the mind from the pain，music，people say，can lower stress and anxiety levels．This，of course，
can lead to less pain．
Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed．____37____While the validity of the
idea is still being assessed，the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure．Similarly, according to
researchers，listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels，
through the lowering of stress and anxiety．
When it comes to heart health，there is speculation （推测） that it's not the style of music， but rather the
tempo that makes it so good for your heart health．In one European study，participants listened to music as the
researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure．____38____ On the other hand，when the music
slowed，the participants' stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow
suit．
____39____But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，
which is what makes music so valuable．
A. This feeling can also result in many other health problems．
B. Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud．
C. This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing．
D. They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep．E. The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive．
F. It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety．
G. Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were．
【答案】35. F 36. B 37. D 38. G 39. E
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是音乐对身体的好处。
【35题详解】
空格后说“The mental health benefits from music can't be argued”（音乐对心理健康的益处是毋庸置疑的），
F选项It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety 中的stress and anxiety照应
了mental health benefits，因此F选项切合题意，故选F。
【36题详解】
空格后说“However，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain”（然而，出于同样的
原因，当一个人处于痛苦中时，音乐是非常有益的），However表转折，因此空格处为对音乐的负面评价，
B选项Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud中的harmful就是负面评价，因此B选项切
合题意，故选B。
【37题详解】
空格前说“Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed”（许多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前
听些轻松的音乐），D选项They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep 中的sleep和
going to bed相呼应，因此D选项切合题意，故选D。
【38题详解】
空格前说“In one European study，participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates
and blood pressure”（在欧洲的一项研究中，参与者听音乐，研究人员监测他们的心率和血压），G选项
Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were中的heart rates和前面的heart
rates相照应，因此G选项切合题意，故选G。
【39题详解】
空格后说“But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，
which is what makes music so valuable”（但是，开着收音机还可以对一系列其他的健康问题有益，这就是音
乐如此有价值的原因），因此本段讲的是音乐对身体总的好处，E选项The implications of music on overall
well-being are really impressive讲的是音乐对整体健康的影响是非常令人印象深刻的，因此E选项切合题意，
故选E。
Passage5【2021年浙江卷1月】You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need,
head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to
the parking lot. 11 ．
It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster.
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum
delay. 12 ． Any small interruption - a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an
entire line.
If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the
probability: 13 ． So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line-
called a serpentine line - and serve each person at the front with the next available register. 14 ． This is what they
do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish
the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
15 ． It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or
manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C．Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E.How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F.With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G.But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
【分析】本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各
自的利弊。
11．A下文“It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. （原来，
这只是你的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快。）”解释了上文“You chose wrong.(你选错了)”的原
因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，故选A项。
12．G上文“Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with
minimum delay.（杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结账。）”解释了杂货店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruption a price check, a chatty customer -can have downstream
effects, holding up an entire line.（任何一个小小的中断，一个价格检查，一个喋喋不休的顾客，都会产生下
游效应，拖住整个生产线。）”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因，故选G项。
13．D根据上文“If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. （如果
杂货店中有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生。）”联系下文“So it's not just in your mind:
Another line probably is moving faster.（所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条队伍可能移动得更快。）”
可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有三分之一。故选D项。
14．F根据“上文Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem.(我们得知研究人员有一个很好的方
法来处理这个问题)”以及下文“This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine
line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down
everyone little bit but speed up checkout overall.（这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的
队伍，在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢每个人一点点，但加快
了整体结帐速度。）”说明这个新方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。
故选F项。
15．B结合下文“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space
or manpower.（要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收银机，而且有些商店负担不起空间和人
力。）”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It takes many registers to keep one
line moving quickly.(保持一条生产线的快速运转)”可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。故选B项。
2020年阅读理解七选五(说明文)
Passage1
【2020年新课标Ⅰ】A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36.
Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●37. Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you
hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your
own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes
and our failures. 38. You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you
could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned.But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength
before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you
got out of bed today. 39.
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words
why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40. Turn to a
page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E.Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F.Stop comparing yourself with others.
G.When does the comparison game start?
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
36.B 根据题目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的Here's a handful of ways that
will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项 B. Where do you
start? (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B项。
37.F 根据下文 Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs?
Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们
的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述
不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故 F. Stop comparing
yourself with others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
38. D根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的
You will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作
一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项D. Remember, you are only human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔
接最好，故选D项。
39. C根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you
got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。)可知，这些
小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。40.A 结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words
back to yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这
些话。)和下文的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you
are? (翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到
心烦意乱”的情况。选项A. Feeling upset again?(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。
Passage2
【2020年新课标Ⅱ】Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and
play. 36. . It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping
intention clear. 37. , encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in
communication style can be a challenge. 38. . While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for
those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is
that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day?
39. . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging
smile.
40. , and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding
smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
36.D 根据前句“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at
work and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It'sbeen reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.(据报道，在一些
西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选
择项D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题
意。故选D。
37. A根据前句“Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默
和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encouraging better and more frequent communication.(鼓励更好更频繁
的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择项A. Messages with Emojis feel more
conversational. (使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)符合题意。故选A。
38.G 根据前句“In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common
ground in communication can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工的年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在
交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,”与选
择项中“all work generations”是一致的。故选G。
39.B 根据前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了
一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选择项B. Even a
formal email can seem cold and unfriendly. (即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)故选B。
40. F根据后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积
极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选择项F. Studies show that friendlier
communication leads to a happier workplace. (研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)故选F。
Passage3
【2020年新课标Ⅲ】 A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into
a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is
a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 36. And it is good time to fill the
new space with love and hopeful presents.
37. Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local stores. Some
common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if
there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a
plant.
38. This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no
planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give
all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person
moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39.Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood
to a new home as a gift. 40. Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
【文章大意】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。
36.E 上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.(这个聚会是
朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句
And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填
补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机
会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。
37. B下文Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like
curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或
绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出
下文，故选B。
38.C 本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn' t a lot
of food served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所以
主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分
享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。
故选C。
39. A本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家
后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见
的，A项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选A。
40.G 上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼
物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。
符合语境。故选G。Passage4
【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】 Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.16. Do
you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to
give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the”speaking. “ 17. Focus on the speaking. Talk
directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is
the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of
a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.18.
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.19. And like everything else in life, that takes practice.
Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
20. It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably
can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your
audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners
wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G.However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。
16.G 本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G项:然
而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题--演讲者
要训练。故选G。
17.A 下句Focus on the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，
当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A
项Do the opposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。
18.C 本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选
C。
19. B本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。
20.D 下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据 Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than
anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结
束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。
Passage5
【2020年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷（海南卷）】Talking with your doctor
Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs
to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.____16____
●Stay positive.
Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude.____17____Think teamwork! Think positive!
●Keep track of how you are feeling.
____18____This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how
medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure
to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way.
●____19____
Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else
you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to
your doctor.
●Ask questions.
Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you
are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your
appointment.____20____Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer
to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.
A. This will make getting answers easier.
B. Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.
C. You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work.
D. Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.
E. Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.F. Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.
G. Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. A
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，文章讲述了与医生谈话的几个小建议。
【16题详解】
根据文章第一段“Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information
she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering
you.”可知，与你的医生畅所欲言可以让你感觉好些，并向你的医生提供她或他需要的信息，以便为你提供
最好的护理。不要害怕或尴尬地讨论困扰你的事情。再结合下文为几条具体的建议，所以B项：Here are
some tips for talking with your doctor.（这里有一些与你的医生交谈的小建议。）符合题意，为顺承关系，故
选B。
【17题详解】
根据文章第二段“teamwork!”意为团队可知，E项：Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your
side.（记住，你的医生和其他护理人员都站在你这边。）与此呼应，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据文章“This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how medicines
make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be
honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way.”可知，这将使你更容易回答关于你的症状和药物
让你感觉如何的问题。这也让你更容易提出你担心的任何事情。一定要诚实地说出你的感受，以及你这种
感觉持续了多久。由此可知，这都是在讲感受，故D项：Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you
are feeling.（在你的医生来之前，记下你的感受。）与之呼应，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据文章“Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and
anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to
mention that to your doctor.”可知，你的病史是你的疾病，治疗，医生告诉你做什么，以及你认为你的医生
应该知道的任何事情的清单。如果你有过敏的话，你也要提一下。因此可知看出，这是关于病史和清单的，
故F项：Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.（带上你的病史，包括你目前的
药物清单。）符合题意，相呼应，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据文章“Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you havewhen you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.”可知，
不要害怕问你的医生你有的任何问题。当你不在医生办公室时，为了记住你的所有问题，把它们写下来，
并带着清单去你的预约。以及“Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand
the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.”可知，记住，没有什么愚蠢
的问题。如果你不明白问题的答案，请医生再解释一遍，直到你明白为止。因此中间缺少过渡句，故A项：
This will make getting answers easier.（这将使获得答案更容易。）正好可以连接两句，故选A。
Passage6
【2020年北京卷】Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping one's head in the sand
and ignoring daily problems, trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks
to himself. Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some
events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.____46____Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop
negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking
tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to
believe in themselves and in what they do.
____47____People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and
anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also
contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.____48____For example, researchers have found
that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide
a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety. Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as
a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the
contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.____49____
In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the
quality of one's life. It doesn't have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a
problem.____50____
Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to one's physical and mental health.
A. It doesn't cause any severe emotional discomfort, either.
B. Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect.
C. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations.
D. Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind.
E. As thinking changes, an individual's behaviour and habits change as well.F. They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking.
G. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small.
【答案】46. B 47. D 48. C 49. G 50. A
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了积极思考对人产生的各种益处，同时将积极思考者与
悲观主义者相比较，分析两种人的差异。积极思维是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工
具。
【46题详解】
根据上文“Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some
events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.(自我对话是一个人持续不断的想法，他常常对一些事
件、现象、人，甚至是他自己都没有意识和不确定)”以及后文“Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop
negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue.(同时，积极的思考可以帮助停止消极的自我对
话，开始形成对一个问题的积极的观点)”由此可知，上文对自我对话进行了定义，后文则提到了积极的思
考可以有助于停止消极的自我对话，可知本句是在说明消极的自我对话对人的不良影响。后文中negative
self-talks可对应到B选项中Negative self-talk。故B选项“消极的自言自语会损害自信，降低自尊”符合语
境，故选B。
【47题详解】
根据后文“People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and anxiety,
better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also
contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.(积极思考的人寿命更长，抑郁和焦虑率更低，
身心更健康，死于心脏问题的风险更低。积极的思考也有助于一个人处理问题和困难的能力)”由此可知，
后文提到了积极思考对人的益处，后文中People who think positively以及Positive thinking可对应到D选项
中Positive thinking。故D选项“积极思考对身心有几个有益的影响”符合语境，故选D。
【48题详解】
根据后文“For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such
as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety.(例如，研究人员
发现，当危机伴随着强烈的情绪时，比如自然灾害，积极的思考可以为抑郁和焦虑提供一种缓冲)”可知，
后文举出的例子说明了积极思考可以让一个人在面临危机时，保持冷静。故C选项“它帮助一个人在困难
的情况下保持头脑清醒和自信”符合语境，故选C。
【49题详解】
根据上文“Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance forimprovement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive
problems as a source of additional stress.(积极思考的、有韧性的人倾向于把每一个问题都看作是一个挑战，
一个改进的机会，或者一个个人成长的机会。相反，悲观主义者倾向于将问题视为额外压力的来源)可知，
上文在将积极思考者与悲观主义者相比较，本句应承接上文，进一步解释说明悲观主义者在解决问题时一
些性格特点。上文Pessimists可对应到G选项中They。故G选项“他们常常在试图解决问题之前就感到气
馁，即使是很小的问题”符合语境，故选G。
【50题详解】
根据上文“In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and
improving the quality of one's life. It doesn't have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual
refuses to notice a problem. (总之，积极思考是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。当
一个人拒绝注意到一个问题时，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系)”可知，本句承接上文进一步说明一个
人拒绝注意到问题的影响，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系，也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适。故A选
项“它也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适”符合语境，故选A。
Passage7
【2020年浙江卷1月】Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water
and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with
clean water.
___31___For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we
turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want，but this is not the case for many
people around the world.___32___That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can
catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻)from
dirty water. That's around 1，400 children every day！Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres
every day to get water.___33___Therefore，they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an
education.
___34___On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the
problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one
school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.___35___People give
them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.
A. We use water indirectly too.B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.
C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems
D. If children walk many hours a day to get water，they can't go to school.
E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink？
F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.
G. In this way，they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.
【答案】31. A 32. E 33. D 34. F 35. G
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了水是我们生活中非常重要的能源，而世界上很多人并不像
我们这样幸运能喝到干净的水。世界上大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝，每年有50多万儿童死于脏水引起
的腹泻。就此联合国决定3月22日为世界水日，并在当天举办活动来教育人们关于脏水的问题，让人们知
道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的。
【31题详解】
根据下文For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on
a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.（例如，生产我
们吃的食物的农民，使用水使植物生长。当我们打开电灯或电视或电脑的开关时，我们使用能源，我们需
要水来产生这种能源）可知下文是在列举人们间接使用水的例子，故A选项“我们也间接地用水。”符合
上下文语境，故选A。
【32题详解】
根据下文That's around one in 10 people in the world.（那大约是世界上十分之一的人）可推知本句为说明世
界上没有干净水喝的人数。故E选项“你知道大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝吗?”符合上下文语境，故选
E。
【33题详解】
根据上文Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.（而且，在一些国家，
孩子们每天要走很多公里去取水）中 walk many kilometres every day to get water 可对应到D选项中walk
many hours a day to get water，故D选项“如果孩子们每天走很多小时去取水，他们就不能去上学。”符合
上下文语境，故选D。
【34题详解】
结合下文On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of
dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world.（每年的这一天，世界
各国都会举办各种活动，让人们了解脏水的问题，让他们知道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的）是在说明世界水日当天的活动，故可知本句为说明世界水日的设立时间，故 F选项“1993年，联合国决定3
月22日为世界水日。”符合上下文语境，故选F。
【35题详解】
根据前文At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.（在
英国的一所学校，10到15岁的孩子负重6升水来步行6公里）可推知本句承接上文继续说明这一做法的意
义是让孩子们了解带着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。故G选项“通过这种方式，他们知道带着沉
重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。”符合上下文语境，故选G。
【点睛】七选五做题技巧。做题的时候边读边做。各个问题附近的句子都需要重点阅读，圈画一些线索，
再从选项中寻找相关的特征词用来判断正确答案。带入排除法也是一种很好的方法。另外，如果发现有一
题拿不准的，先跳过，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落
之间的逻辑关系应该基本就能清楚了。然后再回过去做之前不确定的题目。如第三小题，根据上文 Also，
in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.（而且，在一些国家，孩子们每天要走
很多公里去取水）中walk many kilometres every day to get water可对应到D选项中walk many hours a day to
get water，故D选项“如果孩子们每天走很多小时去取水，他们就不能去上学。”符合上下文语境，故选
D。
