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Unit 1 Time to Relax
动词不定式作状语和宾语补足语
（时间：40分钟，满分：100分）
一、动词不定式作宾语补足语
宾语补足语是补充说明宾语的动作、状态、身份、特征的成分，与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系（宾
语是不定式动作的执行者）。不定式作宾补时，紧跟在宾语之后，去掉后句子意思不完整，语法结构也
不成立。
1. 接带to不定式作宾补的常见动词
这类动词后，宾语和不定式直接搭配，不可省略to，是最常规的用法。
表示“要求、希望、命令、建议”：ask, tell, want, expect, wish, order, advise, persuade, remind等
表示“致使、使得”：allow, permit, force, get, cause等
表示“教导、告知”：teach, show, warn, inform等
例句：
My mother asks me to finish my homework on time.（我妈妈要求我按时完成作业，me是to finish的逻辑主
语）
The teacher advised us to review the notes carefully.（老师建议我们认真复习笔记）
They forced him to leave the country.（他们迫使他离开这个国家）
2. 接不带to不定式作宾补的特殊动词
感官动词和使役动词后，不定式作宾补需省略to，这类动词有：
感官动词：see, hear, watch, notice, feel, observe, listen to, look at
使役动词：make, let, have
注意：这类动词变为被动语态时，被省略的to必须还原。
例句：
I saw him enter the room just now.（主动语态，省略to）
He was seen to enter the room just now.（被动语态，还原to）
Let me help you with your English.
The boss made the workers work for 12 hours a day.
3. 接to do作宾补的固定句型
think/consider/find + 宾语 + to be + 形容词/名词（to be可省略）
例句：I find the problem to be difficult. = I find the problem difficult.
动词+宾语+to do（表“宣称、断言”）：declare, claim, prove等例句：They proved him to be innocent.
二、动词不定式作状语
不定式作状语时，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作发生的目的、原因、结果、条件、方
式等，与句子主语存在逻辑上的主谓关系，去掉后句子主干依然完整，仅丢失补充的语义信息。
1. 作目的状语（最常用）
表示动作发生的目的，可译为“为了……”，可置于句首或句末，置于句首时常用逗号隔开；为加强语
气，可加in order to/so as to（so as to不可置于句首）。
例句：
I get up early to catch the first bus.（我早起是为了赶首班车）
To learn English well, he practices speaking every day.
She studies hard in order to pass the exam.
2. 作结果状语
多表示出乎意料的结果，常用结构：
only to do（偏偏……，结果却……，强调意外）
形容词/副词 + enough to do（足够……去做……）
too + 形容词/副词 + to do（太……而不能……）
例句：
He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left.（他匆忙赶到车站，却发现火车已经开走了）
The box is light enough to carry.
The boy is too young to go to school.
3. 作原因状语
多修饰表示情感、心理状态的形容词或动词，说明产生这种情绪的原因，常见搭配：
be happy/glad/sorry/sad/surprised/disappointed + to do
例句：
I am glad to hear the good news.（听到这个好消息我很高兴）
She is sorry to trouble you.
一、单项选择(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分)
1．________ my mother a surprise, I will cook a bowl of noodles for her on her birthday.
A．Give B．Giving C．To give D．Gave
2．________ making the same mistake, we should take action immediately.
A．To avoid B．Avoiding C．Avoid
3．Zoo workers work hard every day ________ the animals healthy and happy.
A．keeps B．kept C．to keep4．—What does the host often say when you visit a Chinese family?
—The host often says “Feel free ________ yourself at home.”
A．make B．made C．making D．to make
5．The government built a new hospital in the area ________ the local people get better medical care.
A．helping B．helped C．to help D．helps
6．Tom trained hard __________ his basketball skills.
A．improve B．to improve C．improving D．improved
7．We can use social media ________ Chinese culture to the world.
A．spread B．to spread C．spreading
8．My grandparents drink milk before bed every night ________ a good sleep.
A．had B．have C．having D．to have
9．As a Chinese, we should try our best ________ about our country’s history.
A．learn B．learning C．to learn D．to learning
10．—Why did he return home to be a village teacher?
—________ the education of the countryside.
A．Develop B．Developing C．To develop
11．Trust me, you’ll be surprised ________ the new ride.
A．to try B．trying C．try D．tried
12．I feel very lucky ________ your classmate.
A．am B．is C．being D．to be
13．The box is ________ heavy for that boy ________ carry. Let’s help him.
A．too; to B．so; that C．to; to
14．This passage is not ________ for you ________ understand.
A．easy enough; for B．enough easy; for C．easy enough; to D．enough easy;
to
15．The boy is too busy ________ his father because he is busy ________ for the exams.
A．writing to, studying B．to write to, study
C．to write to, studying D．writing to, study
16．John stayed at home reading books yesterday, because it was _________ cold _________ go out.
A．so; that B．such; that C．enough; / D．too; to
17．The man was ________ excited ________ say anything when he heard the good news.
A．so; as B．too; to C．so; that D．very; to
18．The reporter advised people ________ inside during the typhoon.A．stay B．to stay C．staying D．stayed
19．The shopkeeper asked me ________ cash, because the payment system didn’t work.
A．use B．to use C．using D．used
20．The law doesn’t allow teenagers under 16 ________ electric bicycles.
A．to ride B．riding C．ride
21．I saw a UFO ________ on the square in my dream.
A．to drop B．land C．landed D．lands
22．Our teacher tells us ________ in the river. It’s dangerous.
A．to swim B．not to swim C．don’t swim D．not swim
23．Our school will invite Mr Li ______ us a speech tomorrow on how to protect the earth.
A．give B．gives C．to give D．giving
24．My brother always tries to make me _________ when I’m unhappy.
A．laugh B．to laugh C．laughing D．laughed
25．My friend often asks me ________ her how to skate.
A．teach B．teaching C．to teach D．taught
26．My mother allowed me TV for half an hour after I finished my homework.
A．watching B．to watch C．watch D．watched
27．Simple and fun activities can encourage children ________ the new world.
A．explore B．exploring C．to explore
28．My mother always reminds me ________ the floor every weekend.
A．sweep B．sweeping C．to sweep D．swept
29．The guide told us ________ the rope bridge one by one; otherwise it might shake too much.
A．cross B．crossed C．crossing D．to cross
30．My mother wants me ________ milk every day because it's good for my health.
A．drink B．drinking C．to drink D．drank
二、单词拼写(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分)
31．It’s hard to be patient (wait) for the bus when you are in a hurry.
32．As a volunteer, Mary often goes to visit sick kids in the hospital (cheer) them up.
33．More and more people would like to choose electric cars (save) money on gas.
34．Today, we must continue working (keep) our skies blue, waters clear and lands clean.
35．What do you often do (relax) in your free time, Sally?
36．She is glad (hear) that her grandmother will come to visit her this weekend.
37．I’m happy (see) many old friends here.38．I feel very proud (be) a nurse member of the charity.
39．The mother thinks that her son will grow up (be) a brave man.
40．Our teachers are too busy with their work (spend) much time on their hobbies.
41．The little boy is too young (go) to school.
42．The room was too dark for her (see) anything.
43．To keep safe, our teacher advised us (swim) in the deep pools.
44．Our teacher advised us (ask) questions if we don’t understand.
45．The rising sea levels may force many people (move) to higher ground.
46．Maya likes postcards because they make her (know) more about foreign countries.
47．The heavy rain caused us (put) off the picnic.
48．Our parents won’t allow us (swim) in the river alone.
49．Lily will invite me (attend) her birthday party next Sunday.
50．Teachers often encourage us (take) part in school labour activities.
