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Unit 1 Time to Relax
核心语法精练（动词不定式作状语和宾语补足语）
目录
A 考点概览·知识回顾..............................................................................................................................................1
B 考点夯基·专项突破..............................................................................................................................................2
一、单项选择.........................................................................................................................................................7
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空........................................................................................................................3
三、完成句子.........................................................................................................................................................4
C 综合攻坚·能力跃升............................................................................................................................................11
题型一 语法填空...............................................................................................................................................11
题型二 阅读理解.................................................................................................................................................12
一、动词不定式的构成
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式，基本形式是“to+动词原形”。其中to是动词不定式符号，在
有些情况下可以省略。动词不定式的否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。
» Mr Li told me to listen carefully in class. 李老师要求我上课认真听讲。
»Please tell Jim not to come late next time. 请告诉吉姆下次别迟到了。
二、动词不定式的功能
动词不定式作状语
当动词不定式作状语时，它用来修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，主要表示目的、原因或结果。
1. 表示目的（最常见）
为了做某事，相当于 in order to。
I study hard to get good grades. （我努力学习是为了取得好成绩。）
To catch the early bus, she got up at 6 am. （为了赶上早班车，她早上6点就起床了。）
2. 表示原因
通常跟在表示情感的形容词（如 glad, sad, happy, sorry, surprised 等）后面，说明产生这种情绪的原因。I‘m very glad to see you. （我很高兴见到你。）
He was surprised to hear the news. （听到这个消息，他很惊讶。）
3. 表示结果
通常可以翻译为“结果……”，有时是意想不到的结果。
He woke up to find everyone had gone. （他醒来结果发现大家都走了。）
He is too young to look after himself. （他年龄太小，不能照顾自己。）
动词不定式作宾语补足语
宾语补足语是紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语的身份、状态或动作进行补充说明的成分，使宾语的意义更加完
整。此时可以是带to的不定式，也可以是不带to的不定式，这主要取决于谓语动词。
1. “使役/让”类动词： let, make, have
结构： let/make/have + sb. + do sth. (不带 to 的不定式)
My mother makes me clean my room every week. （我妈妈让我每周打扫房间。）
Let him go. （让他走吧。）
2. “邀请/要求/告诉”类动词： ask, tell, want, order, invite, teach, wish, would like
结构： ask/tell/want + sb. + to do sth.
The teacher asked us to read the text. （老师让我们读课文。）
I want you to be happy. （我想让你快乐。）
3. “感官”类动词： see, watch, hear, feel
结构1（看/听到全过程）： see/watch/hear + sb. + do sth. (不带 to)
I saw him enter the building. （我看见他进了大楼。）
结构2（看/听到动作片段或正在进行）： see/watch/hear + sb. + doing sth. (现在分词)
I heard her singing in the next room. （我听见她正在隔壁唱歌。）
一、单项选择
1．—Why are you in a hurry, James?
—________ the early bus to the city centre.
A．Catch B．To catching C．To catch D．Catching
2．—Sandy, several wild pigs appeared again in Nanjing!
—No worries. The government is taking action ________ people from being hurt by them.
A．protecting B．to protect C．protects D．protected3．Lucy gets up early every morning ________ enough time to make breakfast for her little sister.
A．have B．having C．to have D．has
4．________ our students healthy, military training (军训) has become a tradition in China.
A．Making B．Makes C．Make D．To make
5．My grandparents drink milk before bed every night ________ a good sleep.
A．had B．have C．having D．to have
6．She turns on the light ________ the book clearly.
A．to see B．seeing C．saw D．see
7．We are glad ________ that traditional Chinese medicine can work wonders in preventing some diseases.
A．know B．to know C．knowing D．knows
8．Laura lost her wallet and she was afraid ________ her parents about it.
A．tell B．to tell C．telling D．told
9．Don’t be afraid ________ questions if you don’t understand what your teacher said in class.
A．ask B．asked C．asking D．to ask
10．Kitty, these books are ________ heavy for you ________ carry. Let me help you.
A．too; for B．too; to C．to; too D．so; too
11．My English teacher is easy ________ so we all like her.
A．to get along with B．get along with
C．to get along D．getting along with
12．She was always silent in class. She was never brave enough ________ a question.
A．to ask B．asking C．ask D．asked
13．Do you think your resolution is too difficult ________?
A．keep it B．to keep them
C．to keep D．keep
14．My parents warn me _________ too much chocolate, or I’ll become fat easily.
A．to not eat B．not eating C．not to eat
15．Online rules require us ________ personal information safe.
A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept
16．The teacher asked us ________ a debate on “Should rules be flexible?”
A．organize B．to organize C．organizing D．organized
17．The teacher let us ________ the classroom with digital tools.A．decorate B．to decorate C．decorating D．decorated
18．Our teacher encourages us ________ part in the “Digital Safety” speech contest next week.
A．take B．taking C．to take D．took
19．The teacher told us ________ more books to spread our knowledge about Chinese culture.
A．read B．reading C．to read D．readed
20．Please remind me ________ my passport before I leave. I’m getting a little forgetful these days.
A．take B．to taking C．to take D．being taken
二、用单词正确形式填空
1．My parents advised me (not play) with wild dogs because they are dangerous.
2．The teacher asks us (speak) English in class.
3．He always encourages us (develop) different hobbies.
4．Frank invited all his friends (come) to his birthday party.
5．My mother asked me (help) her carry the heavy bags when we came back from the supermarket.
6．He asked the boy (stop), but it didn’t work.
7．Does the teacher allow us (use) calculators in the exam?
8．We buy some toys (make) her happy.
9．When the flood came, people were trying their best (protect) their families.
10．I’m glad (watch) videos in English class.
三、完成句子
1．我们很高兴在海滩上看到美丽的日落。
We are the beautiful sunset on the beach.
2．我们为在全世界传播中国文化感到骄傲。
We are proud China’s culture around the world.
3．那只小猫太害怕了，不敢从树上下来。
The little cat was too the tree.
4．Amy足够有耐心，能成为一个优秀的老师。
Amy is .
5．他走路很轻，为了不吵醒熟睡的婴儿。
He walked quietly the sleeping baby.
6．为了避免交通拥挤，请早点起床出发。heavy traffic, please get up and set out early.
7．今天早晨你没听到你的闹钟响吗？
Didn’t you hear your alarm clock this morning?
8．上个周末我妈妈让我打扫房间。
My mom my room last weekend.
9．我的老师建议我发对所有单词的音。
My teacher correctly.
10．我的父母不允许我抽烟。
My parents smoke.
题型一 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Leisure activities (业余活动) are very important now. There are all kinds of things people like to do to relax
and 1 (have) fun when they don’t work or go to school. Leisure activities play 2 important role in people’s
lives.
In the past, there 3 (be) few leisure activities. Children often got together to play hide-and-seek (捉迷
藏). People 4 (usual) played cards or chess in the street. Few people had chances to travel. Watching operas and
listening 5 the radio were the main activities in their free time.
But now Chinese people spend more time in 6 (take) all kinds of leisure activities. A lot of people love
both playing 7 watching team sports like basketball or football because they think team sports are 8 (interest).
Many people stay at home, having a rest, reading 9 (book) or watching TV. Young people like to play games on
computers or chat (聊天) on the Internet. In recent years, more and more people love to travel. They go to visit some
places of interest. Chinese people now have the time and chances to do 10 (many) kinds of leisure activities than
before.
阅读下面的帖子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应
的横线上。
I like my school very much. It is one of the best schools in town. It is big and beautiful with many trees and
flowers. We have different kinds of 1 (activity) every day. After school, some students like to sit 2(comfortable) on the grass reading books, while some students like running in the playground. As for me, I enjoy 3
(play) on the swing with my best friend, Tina. She is 4 outgoing girl and she is easy to get along with. She works
hard and always 5 (get) good grades.
Last Wednesday, we had an art festival. Everyone took it seriously because there were many competitions to
show our talents, such 6 singing, dancing and drawing. Our class got together and tried 7 (we) best to
prepare a program for the night party. With our hard work, we got a good result and 8 (win) the first prize in the
end. All of us were very happy. We hope we can do 9 (good) next year. I have a lot of homework sometimes,
10 my school life is truly enjoyable.
题型二 阅读理解
During the 10 minutes’ break (休息) time between classes, Xiao Jingsheng, a middle school student in Beijing,
often ran to the toilet (厕所) and then back to class with no time for anything else. But now things have been different.
“I can have more time to rest and share interesting things with my classmates,” said the 14-year-old.
This term, students at primary and middle schools in Beijing have a 5-minute longer break time between
classes. So students can spend more time outside the classrooms.
To help children better enjoy break-time activities, some schools mix break time with labor education (劳动
教育) by opening planting areas and animal breeding zones (饲养区).
“We have welcomed new friends to our school—some ducks and rabbits!” said Zhang Boren, a 13-year-old
from Beijing 101 Middle School. “During the breaks, some play with these cute animals, while others exercise on
the playground. We get closer to nature, and it is fresh and relaxing.”
As the break time is longer, making sure everyone is safe (安全的) is also important. PE teachers need to keep
an eye on students playing on the ground. “Sometimes the ground can be wet in the morning, so we tell the students
to be careful and stop running,” said one PE teacher.
1．Now, Xiao Jingsheng ________ during the break time.
A．has little time to rest
B．needs to run to the toilet
C．can share something with classmates
2．The middle school students in Beijing can rest for ________ between classes this term.
A．5 minutes B．10 minutes C．15 minutes
3．PE teachers keep an eye on the students to ________.A．keep the students safe
B．know about students’ problems
C．spend time exercising with students
4．We can know from the passage that now ________.
A．students enjoy their break-time activities
B．students make many good friends in break time
C．students can have classes outside the classrooms
5．The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A．students need to get close to nature
B．students take some labor classes at school
C．students have more break time between classes
Ni Zixin was born in Hubei in 2008. When she was a little girl, her parents hoped she could learn to play the
piano. However, it turned out that golf was her true calling. Luckily, her parents gave her fully support.
Ni Zixin gave us a big surprise at the 75th US Girls’ Junior Championship (美国女子青少年锦标赛) in
California in July this year. With an amazing score of 11-under 131 total, Ni won the first place. And she also set a
record for the best score ever achieved by a Chinese player in the event.
Ni’s journey into golf began at the age of 9. “I was introduced to golf by my friends. I spent an afternoon
playing golf with them on the greens. Then I fell in love with this sport.” Ni said.
Ni’s interest quickly turned into her love. Over the years, Ni has been in strict training. She spent three to four
afternoons a week and half of her weekends doing practice on the golf course. Although the weather was often
challenging, she never gave up. To learn more and know other golf players well, she had to spend lots of time
watching matches, too. “Weekends are the hardest because I get home late. And I have to finish my schoolwork.” Ni
said.
Ni believes golf is more than just a sport. She thinks it can help people to be more patient and develop thinking
ability. Even when you just play it for fun, golf can help bring happiness and encourage healthy habits.Ni will continue improving her skills and take part in more matches. “I hope to represent (代表) China in some
important events, such as the Asian Games and the Olympics, and win gold medals.” Ni said.
1．What was Ni Zixin’s favourite hobby when she was a little girl?
A．Playing the piano. B．Playing golf. C．Playing games. D．Watching
matches.
2．How old was Ni when she set the China’s best record in California?
A．9 B．11 C．13 D．16
3．Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．Ni Zixin loved playing the piano best when she was little.
B．Ni played golf for the first time when she was eight.
C．Ni hopes to take part in the Olympics and win gold medal.
D．Ni didn’t do any schoolwork when she was busy practicing golf.
4．Which of the following best describes Ni Zixin?
A．Hard-working. B．Honest. C．Practical. D．Helpful.
